Fet children of the poet. Afanasy Afanasyevich fet short biography about the most important things

Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet(Fet) was born on December 5 (November 23, old style) 1820 in the Novoselka estate, Mtsensk district, Oryol province. Poet, thinker, publicist, translator.
Father - Johann Peter Karl Wilhelm Föth (1789-1825), assessor of the Darmstadt city court.
Mother - Charlotte Elizabeth Becker (1798-1844). In 1818, he married Johann-Peter-Karl-Wilhelm, and in 1820, in the seventh month of pregnancy, he secretly left for Russia with Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin, leaving his daughter Caroline-Charlotte-Dahlia-Ernestina to be raised by her husband. Johann Peter Karl Wilhelm did not recognize Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet as his son. This is what Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker wrote to her brother: “It is very surprising to me that Fet forgot and did not recognize his son in his will.”
Stepfather - Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin (1775-1855). The retired captain belonged to an old noble family and was a wealthy landowner. He married Charlotte Becker in 1822, who converted to Orthodoxy before the wedding and began to be called Elizaveta Petrovna Fet.
A.A. Fet was born in 1820 and in the same year he was baptized according to the Orthodox rite. In the registry register he is recorded as the son of Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin. Fourteen years later, the spiritual authorities of Orel discovered that the child was born before the parents' wedding and Afanasy was deprived of the right to bear his father's surname and was deprived of his noble title. This event wounded the impressionable soul of the child, and he experienced the ambiguity of his position almost all his life. From now on he had to bear the surname Fet, the rich heir suddenly turned into a “man without a name,” the son of an unknown foreigner of dubious origin. Fet took this as a shame. Regaining his lost position became an obsession that determined his entire life path.
He studied at a German boarding school in the city of Verro (now Võru, Estonia), then at the boarding school of Professor Pogodin, a historian, writer, and journalist, where he entered to prepare for Moscow University. He graduated from the university, where he studied first at the Faculty of Law and then at the Faculty of Philology. At this time, in 1840, he published his first works as a separate book, which, however, did not have any success.
The special position in the family influenced the future fate of Afanasy Fet; he had to earn his rights to the nobility, which the church deprived him of, and in 1845 Fet entered military service in one of the southern regiments.
In 1850, the magazine Sovremennik, owned by Nekrasov, published Fet's poems, which aroused the admiration of critics of all directions. He was accepted among the most famous writers (Nekrasov and Turgenev, Botkin and Druzhinin, etc.), thanks to literary earnings, he improved his financial situation, which gave him the opportunity to travel around Europe.
In 1853, Fet was transferred to a guards regiment stationed near St. Petersburg. The poet often visits St. Petersburg, then the capital. Fet's meetings with Turgenev, Nekrasov, Goncharov and others. Rapprochement with the editors of the Sovremennik magazine.
Since 1854, he served in the Baltic Port, described in his memoirs “My Memoirs”.
In 1856, Fet’s collection was published, edited by I.S. Turgenev.
In 1857 in Paris, he married the daughter of a rich tea merchant and the sister of his admirer, critic V. Botkin, M. Botkina.
In 1858, the poet retired with the rank of guards headquarters captain and settled in Moscow. Military service did not return Fet's title of nobility. At that time, nobility was granted only by the rank of colonel.
1859 - break with the Sovremennik magazine.
1863 – publication of a two-volume collection of Fet’s poems.
In 1867 he was elected justice of the peace in Vorobyovka for 11 years.
In 1873, Fet was returned to the nobility and the surname Shenshin, but the poet continued to sign his literary works and translations with the surname Fet. He considered the day when his surname “Shenshin” was returned to him “one of the happiest days of his life.”
In 1877, Afanasy Afanasyevich bought the village of Vorobyovka in the Kursk province, where he spent the rest of his life, only leaving for Moscow for the winter.
At the end of the 1870s, Fet began to write poetry with renewed vigor. The sixty-three-year-old poet gave the collection of poems the title “Evening Lights.” (More than three hundred poems are included in five issues, four of which were published in 1883, 1885, 1888, 1891. The poet prepared the fifth issue, but did not manage to publish it.)
November 21, 1892 - Fet’s death in Moscow. According to some reports, his death from a heart attack was preceded by a suicide attempt. He was buried in the village of Kleymenovo, the family estate of the Shenshins.

Only in beauty and harmony can one find the meaning of the concepts “divine” and “eternal”. This was the opinion of the Silver Age poet Afanasy Fet, a nobleman who lost his name and devoted his life to its restoration. The chronological table of Fet A.A. will tell in detail about the stages of his life and work.

Origin and education

Fet's poems begin to appear in the publication "Moskvityanin".

Thanks to the assistance of influential acquaintances (Belinsky and Botkin), the young poet became a regular contributor to the publication Otechestvennye zapiski.

Completion of studies. Death of Caroline Charlotte Fet.

Beginning of military service

After the death of Caroline Fet, Shenshin's support becomes less and less regular. Fet leaves Moscow and enters military service. He is still obsessed with the idea of regaining his noble title, and is doing everything possible to achieve this. At the same time, he does not stop writing poetry. Fet's chronological table shows that more than 5 years passed before Afanasy could boast of his small achievements:

First achievements

Fet completely devotes himself to military affairs and poetry. The results are not long in coming. 6 years after the start of his military career, he can already live near St. Petersburg and communicate with people involved in literature. Fet's chronological table confirms what was said:

Date	Event
	Fet becomes a member of the guards regiment, at the same time gets the opportunity to live near St. Petersburg and establish connections with literary figures (Goncharov, Nekrasov and others).
	Begins to perform military duties in the Baltic port.
	Meets L. Tolstoy, with whom he corresponds for a long time.
	Under the leadership of Turgenev, the third collection of the poet's works was published.
	Goes on a trip to Europe. In Paris he meets Maria Botkina and marries her.

Retirement and nobility

The work of Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet has always had many fans, but times have changed. For a long time he withdrew from literary activity and turned to philosophy, supporting the ideas of Schopenhauer. The answer to the question: “Did the poet manage to regain his title of nobleman?” As the chronological table shows, Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet did achieve what he wanted:

Date	Event
	Having risen to the rank of staff captain, he retired from military affairs and settled in Moscow.
	Severes all relations with the Sovremennik publishing house, where he published for many years. The reason for this was the article “Shakespeare in Fet’s translation,” where the poet was deliberately insulted.
	In Mtsensk district he acquires land and becomes a real landowner. Almost stops writing.
	In the magazines “Russian Messenger” and “Notes on Free Labor” he publishes work on protecting the rights of landowners, which causes indignation among many segments of the population.
	Two volumes of Fet's poems are published.
	Fet is elected to the post of justice of the peace, which he held for 10 long years. During this time, he completely moves away from poetry and immerses himself in philosophy.
	A royal decree is issued, according to which Fet can regain the name of Shenshin, and with it all the legal rights of a nobleman.
	Sells the estate and buys another in the Kursk province. With new zeal he begins to write poetry and publishes translations of Goethe and Schopenhauer.

Last decade

Fet was able to regain his nobility, but did not stop there. At the age of 66, he became a member of the Academy of Sciences and published several collected works and translations. The order of publications is presented in Fet's chronological table (briefly). His latest works are presented in prose form. Poetry is extremely rare. These are the events of Fet’s last years:

Date	Event
	After purchasing a new estate, he buys an apartment in Moscow to live there in the winter.
	The book that the poet worked on as a student, “Evening Lights,” is published. It contains translated works of Horace.
	The second edition of “Evening Lights” has been published.


	Two volumes of the autobiographical work “My Memories” are being published.
	The fourth and final edition of the essays “Evening Lights”.
	Fet dies of a heart attack in Moscow.

Afanasy Fet is a great poet and thinker, translator and memoirist. His works reflect the feelings that the surrounding world evokes, and the author himself is constantly in search of harmony. Despite his delicate nature, he had a goal, which he successfully achieved through hard work. Fet is a writer who can rightfully be called a role model, especially when it comes to perseverance in achieving his plans.

Russian lyricist of German origin, translator, memoirist

Afanasy Fet

Brief biography

Born on December 5, 1820 in the Novoselki estate of the Mtsensk district of the Oryol province, on November 30 he was baptized according to the Orthodox rite and named Afanasy.

Father - Oryol landowner, retired captain Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin. Mother - Charlotte Elizabeth Becker.

In 1834, the spiritual consistory canceled the baptismal registration of Athanasius as the legitimate son of Shenshin and identified Charlotte-Elizabeth's first husband, Johann Peter Karl Wilhelm Fet, as his father. Along with his exclusion from the Shenshin family, Afanasy lost his hereditary nobility.

In 1835-1837, Afanasy studied at the German private boarding school Krummer. At this time he began to write poetry and show interest in classical philology. In 1838 he entered Moscow University, first at the Faculty of Law, then at the historical and philological (verbal) department of the Faculty of Philosophy. Studied for 6 years: 1838-1844.

While studying, he began publishing in magazines. In 1840, a collection of Fet’s poems “Lyrical Pantheon” was published with the participation of Apollo Grigoriev, Fet’s friend from the university. In 1842 - publications in the magazines “Moskvityanin” and “Domestic Notes”.

After graduating from the university, Afanasy Fet in 1845 entered the cuirassier regiment of the Military Order (its headquarters was in Novogeorgievsk, Kherson province) as a non-commissioned officer, in which he was promoted to cornet on August 14, 1846, and to staff captain on December 6, 1851.

In 1850, Fet's second collection was published, which received positive reviews from critics in the magazines Sovremennik, Moskvityanin and Otechestvennye zapiski.

Then seconded (in 1853) to His Majesty's Ulan regiment of the Life Guards, Fet was transferred to this regiment stationed near St. Petersburg with the rank of lieutenant. The poet often visited St. Petersburg, where Fet met with Turgenev, Nekrasov, Goncharov and others, as well as his rapprochement with the editors of the Sovremennik magazine.

During the Crimean War, he was in the Baltic Port as part of the troops guarding the Estonian coast.

In 1856, Fet's third collection was published, edited by I. S. Turgenev.

In 1857, Fet married Maria Petrovna Botkina, sister of the critic V.P. Botkin.

In 1858 he retired with the rank of guards captain and settled in Moscow.

In 1860, using funds from his wife’s dowry, Fet bought the Stepanovka estate in the Mtsensk district of the Oryol province - 200 acres of arable land, a wooden manor’s one-story house with seven rooms and a kitchen. And over the next 17 years he was engaged in its development - he grew grain crops (primarily rye), launched a stud farm project, kept cows and sheep, poultry, raised bees and fish in a newly dug pond. After several years of farming, the current net profit from Stepanovka was 5-6 thousand rubles per year. The proceeds from the estate were the main income of the Feta family.

In 1863, a two-volume collection of Fet's poems was published.

I am embarrassed more than once:
How should I write in current affairs?
I am among the crying Shenshin,
And Fet I am only among the singers.

In 1867, Afanasy Fet was elected justice of the peace for 11 years.

In 1873, Afanasy Fet was returned to the nobility and the surname Shenshin. The poet continued to sign his literary works and translations with the surname Fet.

In 1877, Fet sold Stepanovka and bought the ancient estate Vorobyovka in the Kursk province - a manor house on the banks of the Tuskar River, near the house there is a century-old park of 18 dessiatines, across the river there is a village with arable land, 270 dessiatines of forest three miles from the house.

In 1883-1891 - publication of four issues of the collection “Evening Lights”.

In 1890, Fet published the book “My Memoirs,” in which he talks about himself as a landowner. And after the author’s death, in 1893, another book with memoirs was published - “The Early Years of My Life.”

Fet died on November 21, 1892 in Moscow. According to some reports, his death from a heart attack was preceded by a suicide attempt. He was buried in the village of Kleymenovo, the family estate of the Shenshins.

Family

Father - Johann-Peter-Karl-Wilhelm Föth(Johann Peter Karl Wilhelm Föth) (1789-1826), assessor of the city court of Darmstadt, son of Johann Föth and Sibylla Mylens. After his first wife left him, in 1824 he married for the second time the teacher of his daughter Caroline. Died in February 1826. On November 7, 1823, Charlotte Elisabeth wrote a letter to Darmstadt to her brother Ernst Becker, in which she complained about her ex-husband Johann Peter Karl Wilhelm Feth, who frightened her and offered to adopt her son Athanasius if his debts were paid. On August 25, 1825, Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker wrote a letter to her brother Ernst about how well Shenshin takes care of her son Afanasy: “no one will notice that this is not his natural child.” In March 1826, she again wrote to her brother that her first husband, who had died a month earlier, had not left her and the child any money: “to take revenge on me and Shenshin, he forgot his own child, disinherited him and put a stain on him... Try, if possible, to ask our dear father to help restore this child to his rights and honor; he should get a surname..." Then, in the next letter: "... It is very surprising to me that Fet forgot and did not recognize his son in his will. A person can make mistakes, but denying the laws of nature is a very big mistake. Apparently, before his death he was quite ill...”

Mother - Elizaveta Petrovna Shenshina, née Charlotte Elizabeth ( Charlotte Karlovna) Becker (1798-1844), daughter of Darmstadt Ober-Kriegssar Karl-Wilhelm Becker (1766-1826) and his wife Henriette Gagern. On May 18, 1818, the marriage of 20-year-old Charlotte Elisabeth Becker and Johann Peter Karl Wilhelm Vöth took place in Darmstadt. In 1820, a 45-year-old Russian landowner, hereditary nobleman Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin, came to Darmstadt for the waters and stayed in the Fetov house. A romance broke out between him and Charlotte-Elizabeth, despite the fact that the young woman was expecting her second child. On September 18, 1820, Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin and Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker secretly left for Russia. On November 23 (December 5), 1820, in the village of Novoselki, Mtsensk district, Oryol province, Charlotte Elizabeth Becker had a son, who was baptized in the Orthodox rite on November 30 and named Athanasius. In the registry book he was recorded as the son of Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin. However, the couple got married only on September 4, 1822, after Charlotte Karlovna converted to Orthodoxy and began to be called Elizaveta Petrovna Fet. On November 30, 1820, Afanasy was baptized according to the Orthodox rite and was registered at birth (probably for a bribe) as the “legitimate” son of Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin and Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker. In 1834, when Afanasy Shenshin was 14 years old, an “error” in the documents was discovered, and he was deprived of his surname, nobility and Russian citizenship and became “Hessendarmstadt subject Afanasy Fet.” In 1873, he officially regained his surname Shenshin, but continued to sign his literary works and translations with the surname Fet (with an “e”).

Stepfather - Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin(1775-1854), retired captain, wealthy Oryol landowner, Mtsensk district judge, son of Neofit Petrovich Shenshin (1750-1800s) and Anna Ivanovna Pryanishnikova. Mtsensk district leader of the nobility. At the beginning of 1820 he was treated in Darmstadt, where he met Charlotte Föth. In September 1820, he took her to Russia to his estate Novoselki, Mtsensk district, Oryol province, where two months later A. A. Fet was born. On September 4, 1822 they got married. Several more children were born in the marriage.

Sister - Karolina Petrovna Matveeva, nee Caroline-Charlotte-Georgina-Ernestina Föt (1819-1877), wife since 1844 of Alexander Pavlovich Matveev, whom she met in the summer of 1841 during her stay with her mother in Novosyolki. A.P. Matveev was the son of a neighboring landowner Pavel Vasilyevich Matveev, cousin of Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin. After several years of living together, he got together with another woman, and Carolina and her son went abroad, where they lived for many years, formally remaining married to Matveev. Around 1875, after the death of Matveev's second wife, she returned to her husband. She died in 1877, according to the Becker family tradition, she was murdered.

Half sister - Lyubov Afanasyevna Shenshina, nee Shenshin (05/25/1824-?), married to her distant relative Alexander Nikitich Shenshin (1819-1872).

Half brother - Vasily Afanasyevich Shenshin(10.21.1827-1860s), Oryol landowner, was married to Ekaterina Dmitrievna Mansurova, granddaughter of Novosilsk landowner Alexei Timofeevich Sergeev (1772-1853), cousin of V.P. Turgeneva. They left behind a daughter, Olga (1858-1942), married to Galakhova, who, after the death of her parents, remained under the tutelage of her uncle Ivan Petrovich Borisov, and after his death - Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet. She was not only Fet’s niece, but was also a distant relative of I. S. Turgenev, becoming Spassky’s only heir after his death.

Half sister - Nadezhda Afanasyevna Borisova, nee Shenshina (09/11/1832-1869), married since January 1858 to Ivan Petrovich Borisov (1822-1871). Their only son Peter (1858-1888), after the death of his father, was raised in the family of A. A. Fet.

Half brother - Petr Afanasyevich Shenshin(1834-after 1875), went to Serbia in the fall of 1875 in order to volunteer in the Serbian-Turkish war, but soon returned to Vorobievka. However, he soon left for America, where his traces were lost.

Half-siblings - Anna (1821-1825), Vasily (1823-before 1827), who died in childhood. Perhaps there was another sister Anna (7.11.1830-?).

Wife (from August 16 (28), 1857) - Maria Petrovna Shenshina, nee Botkina (1828-1894), from the Botkin family. Her brothers were guarantors during the wedding: Nikolai Petrovich Botkin - for the groom, and Vasily Petrovich Botkin - for the bride; In addition, Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev was the guarantor for the bride.

Creation

Being one of the most sophisticated lyricists, Fet amazed his contemporaries by the fact that this did not prevent him from being at the same time an extremely businesslike, enterprising and successful landowner.

A famous phrase written by Fet and included in “The Adventures of Pinocchio” by A. N. Tolstoy is “And the rose fell on Azor’s paw.”

Fet is a late romantic. Its three main themes are nature, love, art, united by the theme of beauty.

I came to you with greetings, to tell you that the sun has risen, that it trembled with hot light across the sheets.

Translations

both parts of Goethe's Faust (1882-83),
a number of Latin poets:

Horace, all of whose works in Fetov's translation were published in 1883,
satires of Juvenal (1885),
poems of Catullus (1886),
Elegies of Tibullus (1886),
XV books of Ovid's Metamorphoses (1887),
"Aeneid" by Virgil (1888),
Elegies of Propertius (1888),
satyrs Persia (1889) and
Epigrams of Martial (1891).

Fet’s plans included a new translation of the Bible into Russian, since he considered the Synodal translation unsatisfactory, as well as “Critique of Pure Reason,” but N. Strakhov dissuaded Fet from translating this book by Kant, pointing out that a Russian translation of this book already exists. After this, Fet turned to translation

Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet - born in 1820, and died in 1892.

There lived a young poet in a small village. Later he studied abroad and then came to Moscow, skillfully maneuvering the acquired knowledge. Fet's work is considered to be masterly and experimental. The author loved innovation and often used it in his works. His collections began to be published already in Shenshin’s twentieth year. (Russian surname Feta)

Afanasy Afanasyevich was recognized as one of the best landscape painters, because the descriptions of nature in his works are truly amazing in their beauty. It was typical for the poet to devote his poems to nature. Each landscape is symbolized: spring - youth, the time of unbridled love; autumn - old age, fading of life; night - trouble, the action of dark forces; morning is the dawn of everything new and good.

Another feature of Fet’s work is the use of various repetitions - anaphora, epiphora, refrain. This helped the poet to enhance the transfer of sensations. In terms of genre, Fet gravitates toward fragments, lyrical miniatures, and cyclization.

The poet “liberated” the word and increased the load on it - grammatical, emotional, semantic and phonetic load. This was Afanasy Afanasyevich’s innovation in relation to the artistic word.

More biography of Fet

Afanasy Fet - translator and lyric poet. His poems have been part of the school curriculum for several generations.

He was born in 1820 in the village of Novoselki, not far from Mtsensk, a county town in the Oryol province. In the village there was the estate of his father, retired military man Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin. He married abroad in 1820 to his future mother, Charlotte Feth, who bore her ex-husband's surname. It was this surname that went to her son: when the boy turned 14 years old, it turned out that the Orthodox wedding took place after Afanasy was born. The spiritual consistory deprived the boy of his father's surname, and after this - of noble privileges.

Fet received a good education at home. At the age of 14 he was sent to a German boarding school in the city of Verro, which is now in Estonia.

At the age of 18, he entered Moscow University at the Faculty of Law, but soon transferred to the Faculty of Literature. Studied for 6 years: from 1838 to 1844.

It was while studying at the university that Fet published his first poems. His debut took place in 1840: the collection of poems “Lyrical Pantheon” appeared in print. He begins to collaborate with Otechestvennye zapiski and Moskvityanin.

After graduating from university, the poet decided to try to regain his nobility by enlisting in the army as a cavalryman in 1845. A year later he was awarded the rank of officer. But, unfortunately, he never received a letter of nobility; it was given only from the rank of major.

This was a difficult period in the life of Afanasy Fet. He was very worried about the death of his beloved, Maria Lazic. She died in a fire. At this time, he dedicated many poems to her.

In 1853 he was transferred to the Guards regiment, which was located in St. Petersburg. There he became close to the circle of the Sovremennik magazine. It included: Turgenev, Druzhinin, Nekrasov. Friendship with Turgenev, who helped compile and publish a new edition of Fet’s poems in 1856, played a special role.

In 1857 Fet got married. His chosen one was Maria Botkina, the sister of the literary critic Vasily Botkin. Maria was not particularly beautiful, but she had a large dowry behind her. It was these funds that allowed the poet to buy the Stepanovka estate. He decided to retire and start developing the estate, which was quite large: 200 acres of land. His friends regarded this act as a betrayal of literature. Indeed, only notes on agriculture and small literary essays began to appear from his pen. Fet explained this by saying that no one was interested in his work.

The writer returned to creativity only 17 years later, when he sold his improved estate and bought a house in Moscow. Now he was not a poor man, but a famous Oryol landowner. The writer again joins his friends. He is intensely involved in translating classical German literature.

By 1892, the poet’s condition began to deteriorate sharply: he began to choke, experiencing terrible pain, and his vision almost disappeared. In the last months of his life, he often thought about suicide. Died November 21, 1892.

Option 3

Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet was born in 1820 and left this world almost a century later, having lived an incredibly eventful life until 1892. For the most part, Fet's lyrics related to the theme of nature or love. These themes are quite common, but the poet was not banal and was able to create a number of truly outstanding works.

Fet was often called a poet-musician, because he created poems that became the basis for romances. By the way, romances based on Fet’s poems are still popular and are performed on stage.

First, Fet studied at a boarding school in Estonia, and after that he entered the Faculty of Literature at Moscow University. In the city, the poet begins to communicate with various representatives of the creative elite and gains some popularity; Fet’s works were praised by Gogol and many other figures of that time.

Fet's works are for the most part filled with a certain lightness and, as it were, detachment from this world, but the fate of the poet himself can hardly be called cloudless. He was left without a title and in order to regain his status, he entered the army in 1844, where he served until 1858. It was there that he wrote many magnificent works, including those dedicated to Maria Lazic, whom he loved completely and completely and rather tragically lost.

In fact, Fet’s work should in many ways be assessed precisely through his relationship with Lazic. The poet had mutual feelings with this girl, but the young and ambitious Fet then could not take a wife from a poor family, being himself not fully accomplished. The marriage did not take place, and Lazich tragically died from a fire, and as a result, Afanasy Afanasyevich constantly blamed himself for this situation and remained faithful to Maria throughout his life, although he later started a family.

Retired Fet works as a magistrate and is engaged in creative work, writing not only poetry, but also translations, he is also creating a book of memoirs. The poet spends most of these days on the estate he acquired for himself, which was of great importance in his fate. Fet died of a heart attack in Moscow.

Creation

Special and complicated in many ways, fate with its dramatic events is characteristic of Fet’s work.

Afanasy Afanasyevich had a long and hectic life. He appeared and grew up in the family of landowner Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin and his wife Charlotte Becker. At the age of 14, the boy learned that he was born out of wedlock. When he was studying at a German boarding school located in one of the Baltic cities, Afanasy received a letter saying that the young man would now live under the name Feta. And then the poet felt all the difficult consequences that were associated with his new surname. It was here that Fet felt the first impulses towards poetic creativity.

Afanasy Afanasyevich continued to compose his creations with special zeal in the boarding house of Professor Pogodin, where he was preparing for exams at Moscow University. Gogol was the first to give his blessing to his creative pursuits. Joyful Fet decides to publish his poems as a separate collection, borrowing some money from the servants. The book “The Lyrical Pantheon” was nevertheless published in 1840 and received an approving review from Belinsky. The approval of this literary critic helped Fet realize his potential in the literary field and beyond. The poet began intensively publishing his works in Moskvityanin and Otechestvennye zapiski.

In 1845, Fet dramatically changed his fate, leaving Moscow and entering service in one of the regiments in the Kherson province. Now he could rise to the rank of hereditary nobility and thereby regain at least a little of what he had lost. However, his creative activity weakened. He never managed to rise to the nobility, and in 1853 he was transferred to a regiment located not far from St. Petersburg. In 1856, a revised collection of poems was published, which received high praise from Nekrasov. And Fet begins to develop very active literary activity. He tries himself in fiction. Translates the works of Heine and Goethe. In 1857, he was legally married to the daughter of the richest Moscow tea merchant, Maria Botkina, and retired. Subsequently, having bought a small estate, he becomes a Mtsensk landowner and continues to write. In 1863, he published a new collection of his works in two parts, which remained completely unsold. Then he buys another estate, Vorobyovka, and is elected justice of the peace in the district. But Fet did not leave literature. In 1883 he published the book “Evening Lights”. Further collections were published under the same name in 1885, 1888 and 1891.

Friends organized a solemn anniversary dedicated to the 50th anniversary of Afanasy Afanasyevich’s poetic activity. However, the limited readership caused him bitterness and sadness. For some time now, Fet began to be tormented by old ailments. And on November 21, 1892, the poet committed suicide. And in our time it has become likely that Fet’s lyrics provide readers with enormous aesthetic significance.

3, 4, 6 grade

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Biography and episodes of life Afanasia Fet. When born and died Afanasy Fet, memorable places and dates of important events of his life. Poet quotes, photos and videos.

Years of life of Afanasy Fet:

born December 5, 1820, died November 21, 1892

Epitaph

"Quiet waves are whispering,
The shore whispers to another,
The full moon is swaying
Heed the kisses of the night.
In the sky, in the grass and in the water
I can hear the night whispering,
Silently rushing everywhere:
“Honey, come on a date...”
Poem by Alexander Blok dedicated to the memory of Afanasy Fet

Biography

The famous Russian poet Afanasy Fet became a prominent representative of pure poetry, making love and nature the main themes of his work. Almost his entire life, Fet tried to regain his title of nobleman and the right to inheritance. It all started with the fact that the mother of the future poet, Charlotte-Elizabeth Becker, while pregnant with him, began a stormy affair with the landowner Afanasy Shenshin when he was on vacation in Darmstadt. Pregnancy did not stop the lovers; they secretly moved to Russia. Here, on the estate of her beloved, Charlotte gives birth, and the child is recorded as the son of Afanasy Neofitovich Shenshin. But Charlotte Becker’s wedding to Shenshin took place only two years later - after she converted to Orthodoxy.

At the age of fourteen, Afanasy receives the first blow of fate when it is discovered that he was born out of wedlock. As a result, he is deprived of nobility, Russian citizenship, surname and, at the same time, position in society. Wanting to restore justice and win his right to inheritance, Fet decides to join the cuirassier regiment. According to the laws existing at that time, after just six months of service one could receive an officer rank, and with it, return the much-desired nobility. However, failures continue to haunt young Fet: in Russia a decree is issued according to which only senior officers who have served for at least 15 years can receive the title of nobility.

Fet made his first attempts at poetry at a young age, when he was in Krümmer's German boarding school. When the poet was about 20 years old, “Lyrical Pantheon”, the first collection of poems by Afanasy Fet, was published. This is followed by publications in such magazines as Otechestvennye zapiski, Moskvityanin. In 1846, the writer received his first officer rank. Fet's second collection of works received praise from critics, but the joy of success was overshadowed by the death of his beloved Maria Lazic. The Russian poet dedicates a number of poems and the poem “Talisman” to his deceased beloved.

Together with his regiment, Fet was stationed near St. Petersburg, where he met Goncharov, Nekrasov, and Turgenev. It was under the editorship of the latter that Fet’s third collection was published. Tired of trying to regain his nobility, the poet resigns. Together with his wife Maria Petrovna, the sister of the then famous critic Botkin, he moved to Moscow.

Many years later, when a two-volume collection of Fet’s poetic works was released, the title of nobleman was returned to him, and at the same time the surname Shenshin. But the poet decides not to change his literary pseudonym and signs his poems with the surname Fet until his death.

The official date of Fet's death is November 21, 1892. Although the cause of Afanasy Fet's death was given as a heart attack, biographers suggest that he could have committed suicide. Fet's funeral took place in the village of Kleimenov. The ashes of the famous Russian poet still rest here, on the Shenshin family estate.

Life line

December 5, 1820 Date of birth of Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet (Shenshin).
1835 Admission to the German private boarding school Krümmer in Verro (Estonia).
1837 Admission to Moscow University.
1840 Publication of Fet’s collection of poems “Lyrical Pantheon”.
1845 Enlistment in the cuirassier regiment of the Military Order.
1850 Release of the second collection of poetry by Afanasy Fet.
1853 Moving to St. Petersburg for work.
1857 Marriage to Maria Botkina.
1857 Resignation with the rank of guards captain and move to Moscow.
1867 Appointment to the position of justice of the peace.
November 21, 1892 Date of death of Fet.

Memorable places

1. The village of Novoselki in the Oryol region, where Afanasy Fet was born.
2. The city of Võru in Estonia, where the young poet studied.
3. Moscow State University, where Fet studied.
4. Baltic port, where Fet served.
5. The village of Kleymenovo, where Afanasy Fet is buried.
6. Fet's estate-museum in 1st Vorobyovka, Kursk region.
7. Monument to Fet in Orel (near the writer’s house on Saltykov-Shchedrin Street).

Episodes of life

For his original style of presentation, Afanasy Fet was nicknamed a representative of pure poetry and, of course, one of the best poets of the lyrical genre. It is interesting that in one of his most revealing poems - “Whisper, timid breathing ...” - not a single verb is used. At the same time, such a seemingly static description perfectly reflects the movement of time.

Afanasy Fet's first love is associated with the name of the young, well-educated aristocrat Maria Lazich. For some time, the lovers maintained a relationship that did not go beyond light flirting, but Fet, despite obvious sentiments towards Maria, decided never to marry her. Soon their union broke up, and shortly after that, Lazic tragically died due to a fire. Her last words were addressed to Afanasy. The poet himself experienced the loss for a long time and painfully. Until the end of his life, he regretted that their marriage never took place.

Covenant

“The soul is trembling, ready to flare up purer,
Although the spring day has long faded
And under the moon in life's cemetery
Both the night and one’s own shadow are scary.”

Documentary film about Afanasy Fet

Condolences

“...This painful illness dragged on with almost no improvement. Ostroumov said that at 72 years old it is difficult to expect recovery, but Marya Petrovna and I kept hoping. I remember that P.P. Botkin, visiting the patient several times, told Marya Petrovna that it would be necessary to give communion to Afanasy Afanasyevich. But Marya Petrovna said resolutely every time: “For God’s sake, don’t tell him this; he will get angry and feel worse; he does not believe in rituals; I already take this sin upon myself and will pray about it myself.”
Ekaterina Kudryavtseva, secretary of Afanasy Fet

“...It was heartbreaking to see how every hour my dear Afanasy Afanasyevich was moving further and further away from us. “I’m going out like a lamp,” he said.”
Maria Shenshin, wife