“People are taken to order”

Every day, thousands of people flock to Moscow from regions and neighboring countries to work. Some of them disappear without a trace, not having time to leave the capital's station. Novaya Gazeta studied the Russian labor slavery market.

Those who fight

Oleg asks not to name the place of our meeting or even the region. The case takes place in the industrial zone of a small town. Oleg “guides” me by phone, and when I reach the “Tire Service” sign, he says: “Wait, I’ll be right there.” Arrives in 10 minutes.

- It's not easy to find you.

- That's the whole point.

The conversation takes place behind a plywood shed. There are garages and warehouses around.

– I started fighting slavery in 2011, says Oleg. – A friend told me how she bought a relative from a brick factory in Dagestan. I didn’t believe it, but it became interesting. I went myself. In Dagestan, I visited factories with local guys, posing as a brick buyer. At the same time, I asked the workers if there were any forced laborers among them. It turned out yes. With those who were not afraid, we agreed to escape. Then we managed to take out five people.

After the release of the first slaves, Oleg sent out a press release to the media. But the topic did not arouse interest.

– Only one activist from the movement got in touch "League of Free Cities": They have a small newspaper - about two hundred people probably read it. But after the publication, a woman from Kazakhstan called me and told me that her relative was being held in grocery store V Golyanovo(district in Moscow. – I.ZH.). Remember this scandal? Unfortunately, it was the only one, and even ineffective - the case was closed.

About how much the topic of human trafficking worries Russians, Oleg says this:

– Over the past month we have collected a total of 1730 rubles, but spent about 70 thousand. We invest our money in the project: I work at a factory, there is a guy who works as a loader in a warehouse. The Dagestan coordinator works in a hospital.

Oleg Melnikov in Dagestan. Photo: Vk.com

Now in "Alternative"– 15 activists.

– In less than four years, we have liberated approximately 300 slaves, says Oleg.

According to Alternatives, in Russia every year about 5 000 people, total in the country - almost 100 000 forced laborers.

How do you get into slavery?

The average statistical portrait of a Russian forced laborer, according to Oleg, is this: this is a person from the provinces who does not understand labor relations, wants a better life and is ready to work for this as anyone.

“A person who came to Moscow without a specific plan, but with a specific goal, is immediately visible,” says Oleg. – Recruiters work at the capital’s train stations. The most active is in Kazansky. A recruiter approaches a person and asks if he needs a job? If necessary, the recruiter offers good earnings in the south: from thirty to seventy thousand rubles. The region is not named. They say about the nature of the work: “unskilled worker” or something else that does not require high qualifications. The main thing is a good salary.

The recruiter offers you a drink during the meeting. It doesn't have to be alcohol, you can also have tea.

– They go to the station cafe, where there are agreements with the waiters. Barbiturates are poured into the recruit's cup - under these substances a person can remain unconscious for up to a day and a half. After the drug has begun to take effect, the person is put on a bus and taken away in the right direction.

Oleg tested the scheme for getting into slavery on himself. To do this, he lived at the Kazansky railway station for two weeks, masquerading as a homeless person.

– It was in October 2013. At first I tried to pretend to be a visitor, but it didn’t look convincing. Then I decided to play a homeless person. Usually slave traders do not touch the homeless, but I was new at the station, and on October 18, a man approached me who introduced himself as Musa. He said that he had a good job in the Caspian Sea, three hours a day. He promised 50,000 a month. I agreed. In his car we went to the Prince Plaza shopping center near the Teply Stan metro station. There Musa handed me over to a man named Ramazan. I saw Ramadan give money to Musa. I couldn’t see exactly how much.

Then Ramazan and I went to the village of Mamyri, near the village of Mosrentgen in the Moscow region. There I saw a bus to Dagestan and refused to go, saying that I knew there was slavery there. But Ramazan said that the money had already been paid for me and that it needed to be either returned or worked off. And to calm me down, he offered me a drink. I agreed. We went to a nearby cafe and drank some alcohol. Then I don’t remember well. All this time my activist friends were watching us. At the 33rd kilometer of the Moscow Ring Road, they blocked the way for the bus, and they took me to the Sklifosovsky Institute, where I lay under a drip for four days. They put me on an antipsychotic drug azaleptin. A criminal case was opened, but it is still under investigation…

“There are no markets as such, no platforms where people could be bought,” says the coordinator "Alternatives" in Dagestan Zakir. – People are taken “to order”: the owner of the factory told the slave trader that he needed two people - they would bring two to the factory. But there are still two places in Makhachkala where slaves are most often brought and from where their owners take them: this bus station behind the Pyramid cinema And North Station. We have a lot of evidence and even video recordings in this regard, but law enforcement agencies are not interested in them. We tried to contact the police but were refused to initiate cases.

“In fact, the slave trade is not only Dagestan,” says Oleg. – Slave labor is used in many regions: Yekaterinburg, Lipetsk region, Voronezh, Barnaul, Gorno-Altaisk. In February and April of this year, we freed people from a construction site in Novy Urengoy.

Returned

Andrey Erisov (in the foreground) and Vasily Gaidenko. Photo: Ivan Zhilin / Novaya Gazeta

Vasily Gaidenko and Andrey Yerisov were released by activists "Alternatives" from the brick factory on August 10. They traveled from Dagestan to Moscow by bus for two days. Activist Alexey and I met them on the morning of August 12 in the parking lot of the Lyublino market.

– Came to Moscow from Orenburg. At the Kazansky station I approached the security guard and asked if they needed employees? He said that he didn’t know and that he would ask the boss, who was not there at the moment. While I was waiting, a Russian guy came up to me, introduced himself as Dima and asked if I was looking for a job? He said that he would get me a job as a security guard in Moscow. He offered me a drink.

Andrei woke up already on the bus, two more slaves were traveling with him. Everyone was brought to the Zarya-1 plant in the Karabudakhkent region of Dagestan.

- At the plant, everyone works where the owner says. I was transporting bricks on a tractor. I also had to work as a loader. Working day from eight in the morning to eight in the evening. Seven days a week.

“If someone gets tired or, God forbid, gets injured, the owner doesn’t care,” says Vasily and shows a huge ulcer on his foot. I when Jangira(that was the name of the owner of the plant, he died a month ago) showed that my leg was swelling, he said: “Apply plantain.”

Nobody treats sick slaves in brick factories: if the condition is very serious and a person cannot work, he taken to the hospital and left at the entrance.

“A slave’s usual food is pasta,” says Vasily. - But the portions are large.

At Zarya-1, according to Vasily and Andrey, they worked involuntarily 23 person. We lived in a barracks - four in one room.

Andrey tried to escape. He didn’t get far: in Kaspiysk he was caught by the foreman. Returned it to the factory, but didn't beat it.

The relatively mild conditions at Zarya-1 (they are fed tolerably and not beaten) are due to the fact that this plant is one of four legally working in Dagestan. In total, in the republic, according to Alternative, about 200 brick factories, and the vast majority of them are not registered.

In illegal factories, slaves have much less luck. In the archive "Alternatives" there is a story by Olesya and Andrey, two prisoners of a plant code-named “Crystal” (located between Makhachkala and Kaspiysk).

“They didn’t beat me, but they strangled me once,” Olesya says along with the video recording. – It was Brigadier Kurban. He told me: “Go, carry buckets, bring water to water the trees.” And I replied that I’ll rest now and bring it. He said I couldn't rest. I continued to be indignant. Then he started strangling me, and then promised to drown me in the river.”

Olesya was pregnant at the time she fell into slavery. “Having learned about this, Magomed, the plant manager, decided not to do anything. After some time, due to hard work, I began to have problems in the female area. I complained to Magomed for more than two weeks before he took me to the hospital. The doctors said that there was a very high probability of miscarriage and demanded that I be kept in the hospital for treatment. But Magomed took me back and forced me to work. When I was pregnant, I carried ten-liter buckets of sand.”

Volunteers "Alternatives" managed to free Olesya from slavery. The woman kept the child.

“The liberation of people does not always resemble some kind of action-packed detective story,” activists say. “Often, the owners of factories prefer not to interfere with us, because the business is completely illegal and has no serious patrons.”

About patrons

According to volunteers "Alternatives", human trafficking in Russia does not have a serious “cover.”

“Everything happens at the level of local police officers, junior officers, who simply turn a blind eye to the problems,” says Oleg.

The Dagestan authorities expressed their attitude towards the problem of slavery in 2013 through the mouth of the then Minister of Press and Information Nariman Gadzhieva. After the release of more slaves by Alternative activists, Gadzhiev said:

“The fact that slaves work in all factories in Dagestan is a kind of cliche. Here is the situation: activists said that at two factories in the village of Krasnoarmeisky, citizens from central Russia, Belarus and Ukraine are being held in captivity. We asked operatives of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for the Republic of Dagestan to check this information, which was done within just a few hours. The operatives arrived, gathered teams, found out who the newcomer was. And the word “slaves” turned out to be more than inappropriate. Yes, there were problems with salaries: people, in general, were not paid, some actually did not have documents. But they worked voluntarily..."

"Money? I buy everything for them myself.”

Volunteers "Alternatives" gave Novaya's correspondent two telephones, one of which belongs to the owner of a brick factory, where, according to activists, involuntary labor is used; and the second - to a reseller of people.

– I absolutely don’t understand what you’re talking about. I help people find work - reseller nicknamed "Maga Merchant" reacted violently to my call. – I don’t work in factories, I don’t know what’s going on there. They simply ask me: help me find people. And I'm looking.

The “merchant,” according to him, had not heard anything about barbiturates mixed into drinks for future slaves. For “help in the search” he receives 4-5 thousand rubles per head.

Magomed by nickname "Komsomolets", who owns a factory in the village of Kirpichny, upon hearing the reason for my call, immediately hung up. However, in the archives

At school we are taught that a slave is someone who is whipped to work, poorly fed, and can be killed at any moment. In the modern world, a slave is someone who does not even suspect that he, his family and all the people around him are slaves. The one who doesn’t even think about the fact that, in fact, he is completely powerless. That his masters, with the help of specially created laws, law enforcement agencies, public services and, above all, with the help of money, can force him to do whatever they need from him.

Modern slavery is not the slavery of the past. It's different. And it is not built on forceful coercion, but on a change in consciousness. When a proud and free person, under the influence of certain technologies, through the influence of ideology, the power of money, fear and cynical lies, becomes a mentally inferior, easily controlled, corrupt person.

What are the megacities of the planet like? They can be compared to giant concentration camps inhabited by mentally broken, absolutely powerless residents.

As sad as it is, slavery is still with us. Here, today and now. Some people don't notice this, others don't want it. Someone is trying very hard to keep everything that way.

Of course, there was never any talk about complete equality of people. This is physically impossible. Someone is born 2 meters tall with a gorgeous appearance, in a good family. And some are forced to fight for their survival from the cradle. People are different, and what separates them the most are the decisions they make. The topic of this article is: “The illusion of equal rights of people in the modern world.” The illusion of a free world without slavery, which for some reason everyone unanimously believes in.

Slavery is a system of society where a person (slave) is the property of another person (master) or the state.

In paragraph 4 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the UN expanded the concept of a slave to any person who cannot voluntarily refuse to work.

For thousands of years, humanity lived in a slave system. The dominant class of society forced the weaker class to work for them under inhumane conditions. And if the abandonment of slavery had not been an empty shake of the air, it would not have happened so quickly and practically throughout the world. Simply, those in power have come to the conclusion that they will be able to keep people in poverty, hunger and get all the necessary work for pennies. And so it happened.

The main families, the owners of the largest capital on the planet, have not gone away. They remained in the same dominant position and continued to profit from ordinary people. From 40% to 80% of people in any country in the world live below the poverty line not by their own free will or by accident. These people are not disabled, not mentally retarded, not lazy, and not criminals. But at the same time, they cannot afford to buy a car, real estate, or adequately defend their rights in court. Nothing! These people have to fight for their survival, working hard every day for ridiculous money. And this is even in countries with enormous natural resources and in peacetime! In countries where there is no problem of overpopulation or any natural disasters. What is this?

Let's return to paragraph 4 of the Declaration of Human Rights. Do these people have the opportunity to give up work, move, or try themselves in another business? Spend a couple of years changing your specialty? No!

From 40% to 80% of people in almost every country in the world are slaves. And the gap between rich and poor people is getting deeper and deeper, and no one even hides this fact. The ruling families, hand in hand with the bankers, create a system aimed only at enriching themselves. And ordinary people are left out of the game. Do you really think that real estate should cost that much in terms of the working hours of an ordinary person? I’m already silent about how many territories, in fact, stand idle in almost any country. And it’s not about the inflated price of real estate, it’s about the undervalued price of human life. We are worth nothing to our “masters”. We huddle in slums or concrete multi-story chicken coops. Then and with our own blood we earn enough for bread, clothes and 1 short semi-homeless holiday trip to the seaside per year. While the privileged classes of people (for example, bankers) draw any amount into their pockets with a simple stroke of the pen. Big capital dictates laws, fashion, and politics. Forms and destroys markets. What can an ordinary person oppose to a corporate machine? Nothing. If you have large capital, you can lobby your interests in the government and always win, regardless of the quality and nature of your activities. All these hopelessly flawed automobile factories, weapons factories, intermediaries in the raw materials industry, all these are feeding grounds for the elite. Which we serve together and fill for them.

Those in power send us to war, put us in cages for debt, limit the possibility of resettlement or the right to own weapons. Who are we if not slaves? And the saddest thing is that we ourselves are no less to blame for this than those who are now at the helm. They are to blame for their blindness and passivity.

Modern slavery takes sophisticated forms. This is the alienation of a people (community, population) from its natural resources and territories through unfair privatization (monopolization) of rights to generally useful territorial resources (miners, rivers and lakes, forests and lands. For example, laws protecting the monopoly ownership of huge resources of a community, people (population) ) territories, regions, countries, imposed by unscrupulous rulers (officials, “elected people”, representative power, legislative power) is such a form of alienation that allows one to argue about slave labor conditions and monopolies of the oligarchy; in essence, alienation and ownership schemes are implemented due to “defeat in rights" of part of the population and social groups. The concept of excess profits and inadequate remuneration for labor is a characteristic feature and a particular definition of slavery - loss of rights to use the natural resources of territories and alienation of a share of labor with inadequate payment. Such loss of rights by court decisions is used in raider takeovers , corruption schemes and in cases of fraud. For enslavement they use traditional debt schemes and lending at inflated interest rates. The main feature of slavery is a violation of the principle of fair distribution of resources, rights and powers, used to enrich one group at the expense of another group and dependent behavior with a loss of rights. Any form of inadequate application of benefits and inequality in the distribution of resources is a hidden (implicit, partial) form of slavery of certain groups of the population. None of the modern democracies (or other forms of self-organization of social life) are devoid of these remnants on the scale of entire states. A sign of such phenomena are entire institutions of society that are focused on combating such phenomena in the most extreme forms.

And the situation is only getting worse. Even if we assume that you are happy with your situation or can simply tolerate it. This system of enslavement needs to be stopped now, as it will be even harder for your children to do so.

Modern slaves are forced to work by the following hidden mechanisms:

1. Economic coercion of slaves to permanent work. A modern slave is forced to work non-stop until death, because... The funds earned by a slave in 1 month are enough to pay for housing for 1 month, food for 1 month and travel for 1 month. Since a modern slave always has enough money for only 1 month, a modern slave is forced to work all his life until death. The pension is also a big fiction, because... The pensioner slave pays his entire pension for housing and food, and the pensioner slave has no free money left.

2. The second mechanism of hidden coercion of slaves to work is the creation of artificial demand for pseudo-necessary goods, which are imposed on the slave with the help of TV advertising, PR, and the location of goods in certain areas of the store. The modern slave is involved in an endless race for “new products”, and for this he is forced to constantly work.

3. The third hidden mechanism of economic coercion of modern slaves is the credit system, with the “help” of which modern slaves are increasingly drawn into credit bondage, through the mechanism of “loan interest”. Every day a modern slave needs more and more, because... A modern slave, in order to pay off an interest-bearing loan, takes out a new loan without paying off the old one, creating a pyramid of debts. The debt that constantly hangs over the modern slave well stimulates the modern slave to work even for meager wages.

4. The fourth mechanism to force modern slaves to work for the hidden slave owner is the myth of the state. A modern slave believes that he is working for the state, but in fact the slave is working for a pseudo-state, because... The slave's money goes into the pockets of the slave owners, and the concept of the state is used to cloud the brains of the slaves, so that the slaves do not ask unnecessary questions like: why do slaves work all their lives and always remain poor? And why don't slaves have a share of the profits? And who exactly is the money paid by slaves in the form of taxes transferred to?

5. The fifth mechanism of hidden coercion of slaves is the mechanism of inflation. The rise in prices in the absence of an increase in the slave's wages ensures a hidden, unnoticeable robbery of slaves. Thus, the modern slave becomes more and more poor.

6. The sixth hidden mechanism to force a slave to work for free: deprive the slave of funds to move and buy real estate in another city or another country. This mechanism forces modern slaves to work at one city-forming enterprise and “endure” enslaving conditions, because... The slaves simply have no other conditions and the slaves have nothing and nowhere to escape.

7. The seventh mechanism that forces a slave to work for free is the concealment of information about the real cost of the slave’s labor, the real cost of the goods that the slave produced. And the share of the slave's salary, which the slave owner takes through the accounting accrual mechanism, taking advantage of the ignorance of the slaves and the lack of control of the slaves over the surplus value, which the slave owner takes for himself.

8. So that modern slaves do not demand their share of the profits, do not demand to give back what they earned from their fathers, grandfathers, great-grandfathers, great-great-grandfathers, etc. There is a silencing of the facts of plundering into the pockets of slave owners of resources that were created by numerous generations of slaves over a thousand-year history.

Today, slavery is officially abolished in all countries of the world. The latest country to abolish the shameful practice of slave labor is Mauritania. The corresponding ban was introduced in July 1980. However, in the United States, in some states, official slavery was not legally abolished until the beginning of the 21st century. It was only in February 2013 that the last such state, Mississippi, banned this shameful practice by ratifying the 13th Amendment to the US Constitution.

However, the official abolition of slavery does not mean that this problem has ceased to exist. At the beginning of the second decade of the 21st century, according to various estimates, there were from 20 million to 40 million slaves in the world. It should be noted here that human trafficking ranks third in terms of profitability after drugs and weapons. And since the cash flows are huge, there will always be people who want to grab their piece.

What is slavery today? This is the slave trade, forced labor of adults and children, debt bondage. Slavery also includes forced marriage. What factors contribute to the prosperity of slavery? Here we can point out poverty and weak social protection of the population. One should also take into account the mentality of people living in a certain territory, historically established traditions and customs. Listed below are countries where slavery exists.

Number of slaves in different countries of the world in thousands of people according to the Washington Post

Mauritania

In Mauritania, according to various estimates, there are from 150 thousand to 680 thousand slaves. And this despite the official abolition of slavery. The status of a slave in this country is passed on from generation to generation. The slave owner controls not only adults, but also children. Slaves work in agricultural fields and do housework. At the same time, it should be noted that there were much fewer slaves in the cities than before. But in rural areas, slave labor still flourishes.

India

There are supposedly up to 15 million slaves in India. They are used in a variety of industries. Child labor is widely practiced. But minor citizens do not only work in the fields and clean houses. Children are forced into begging and prostitution. A significant percentage is also occupied by debt bondage, which covers millions of citizens.

Nepal

Nepal is considered one of the largest sources of slaves. Slave labor is widespread in brick factories, where forced people are engaged in firing bricks. There are about 250 thousand slaves in this country. Many of them have debt obligations to their employers. Child labor is widely practiced in Nepal. Children work in mines and factories.

Pakistan

About 2 million people are engaged in forced labor in Pakistan. These are mainly people who have fallen into bondage due to debt. Such bondage can last for decades and be passed on from generation to generation, as debtors work for pennies. Child labor is widely practiced in the country. Moreover, the age of children ranges from 5 to 15 years. Mostly minors are engaged in brick production.

Benin

When talking about countries where there is slavery, one cannot fail to mention Benin. There, about 80 thousand people are forced to engage in forced labor. These people work in cotton fields, on farms, in quarries, in private homes and as street vendors. The sale of children is widely practiced.

Gambia

In Gambia, people are forced to beg. Many slaves work in private houses. In the country, children often become slaves. This primarily concerns street children and orphans, as well as madrasah students. Children from poor families study in madrasahs, and teachers mercilessly exploit them, forcing them to beg. If a child brings in little money, they beat him. There are about 60 thousand such unfortunate children in the country.

Gabon

Gabon has the highest standard of living in Africa, so children are brought there from other regions of the hot continent. At the same time, girls are engaged in domestic slavery, and boys find physical labor. Marriages with children are not uncommon. Young people from neighboring countries go to Gabon to earn money, but often these young men and women become slaves. Young girls are sold to rich families where they are made maids. There are no slaves among the citizens of Gabon themselves.

Ivory Coast

Countries where slavery exists are not limited to the states listed above. It is also common in Ivory Coast, where huge quantities of cocoa are produced. This industry employs at least 40 thousand children, working in real hard labor. In addition, about a thousand children work on small private farms, doing a variety of hard work. The more slaves, the more cocoa beans, and, consequently, more money. Therefore, slave child labor is widely practiced in this state.

Haiti

In total, about 10 million people live in Haiti. Of these, 200 thousand people are slaves. The most common type of forced labor is when children are employed in the household. Up to 500 thousand teenagers are subjected to merciless exploitation. And in order for them to work well, they are influenced physically and emotionally.

So, we looked at countries where there is slavery. But the list is far from complete. Slaves can be found in Europe, the USA, Australia, Hong Kong and other seemingly prosperous countries. Forced labor provides great benefits to slave owners, but moral and moral aspects are not taken into account at all. This problem can only be countered by competent legislation and the desire of all people to completely destroy such a negative phenomenon that disgraces the “crown of nature”.

Job title: 2nd year student
Educational institution: Vladimir State University named after A.G. and N.G. Stoletovs
Locality: Vladimir region, city of Vladimir
Name of material: essay
Subject:"Does slavery exist in the modern world? What are its characteristics?"
Publication date: 28.11.2017
Chapter: higher education

is being considered

existence

modern society, about its forms and methods of influencing people. Her

the main idea is that no matter how we try to fight it,

in a capitalist society its existence is inevitable.

Key words: slavery, capitalism.

In this article, the question of the existence of slavery in modern society, its

forms and methods of influencing a person. Its main idea is that no matter how we

try to fight it, in capitalist society its existence is inevitable. Key words: slavery,

Does slavery exist in modern society? What are his

peculiarities?

Currently, we are feeling the impact of some

social

factors

life by doing

Society

neglects

spiritual

prefers

material, which, in their opinion, will bring much more benefit. So,

some start working in a hated company, take out loans, becoming

chronic debtors. Others spend considerable sums on clothes made from

boutiques, gadgets and parties in nightclubs. Therefore such dependence

people can be equated to slavery. But the slave system appeared in

ancient world.

Slavery existed in the world long before there was a state

called "Ancient Rome". Here's what we read about the history of slavery in

famous

encyclopedic

dictionaries:

“Slavery appears with the development of agriculture approximately 10,000

use

p l e n n i k o v

agricultural work and forced them to work for themselves. In the early

civilizations

remained

source

source

were

criminals

pay your debts. The growth of industry and trade further contributed to

more intensive spread of slavery. There is a demand for labor

a force that could produce goods for export. And therefore slavery

reached its peak in the Greek states and the Roman Empire.

Slaves performed the main work here. Most of them worked in

mines,

handicraft

production

agriculture.

were used in the household as servants and sometimes as doctors or

poets. In the ancient world, slavery was perceived as a natural law

existed

few

writers,

influential people saw in him evil and injustice.”

modern

exists,

taking

forms: economic,

social,

spiritual

kinds. In addition, some government agencies protect forms

modern slavery and define them as “good”.

relevance

is

modern

feels

free

personal

self-determination,

existing

called

"debt

economics",

imposed

ideological

traditions of culture and morality. Therefore, it is important to understand what depends on us in

this situation and give it an adequate assessment.

Today, slavery has completely different characteristics. It's gone

underground, that is, it became illegal, or acquired forms that allowed it

coexist with modern laws.

Work

System

public

relationships,

it is allowed for a person (slave) to be owned by another person

(Mr.

slave owner,

states.

physical,

I exist

“Oxygen”, 2014. – 166 p.

"economic"

"social"

"hired"

"capitalist"

“indirect”, “spiritual”, “debt”, etc.

For example, “social” slavery in the modern world has divided society

into classes of rich and poor. Since it is very difficult to get into the rich class,

If you are born in it, many people become hostages

his position, throwing all his strength into achieving the level of this class.

“Spiritual slavery” in the modern world is characterized by the fact that people

often face depression, psychological disorders,

makes them withdraw into themselves, that is, become a slave to their consciousness.

most

in detail

consider

"economic

slavery". This

human dependence on economic factors as forms of the slave system.

Reasons

development

economic

capitalist

Modern capitalism and various forms of slavery represent

increase

capital

appropriation

product,

produced

worker.

No one doubts that we live today under capitalism

(our authorities, however, do not like the word “capitalism”, replacing it completely

the meaningless phrase “market economy”)

and therefore

the modern economy rests on the fact that everyone does their

work: someone manages, and someone does the dirty work - isn’t this

an example of slave-owning relations?

A modern person working under an employment contract sometimes has no time

think about analogies and compare yourself with a slave of Ancient Rome. More

hint

similar

analogy,

be offended.

Especially if a person occupies some kind of leadership position, if

automobile,

apartment

attributes

modern

Katasonov V.Yu. Capitalism. History and ideology of “monetary civilization” / Scientific editor

O.A.Platonov. – M.: Institute of Russian Civilization, 2013. – 1072 p.

"civilization".

differences

classic

Ancient

modern

employee.

For example,

received a bowl of food, and the second one receives money to buy this bowl.

stop

last

has

the “privilege” of ceasing to be a slave: that is, to be dismissed.

Even though the work that people do is paid, and,

it would seem that they cease to depend on anyone, in fact it is

a myth, since most of the money received for their work they

spent on various payments and taxes, which then go to the budget

states.

We should not forget the fact that we live in a modern society

"civilization"

Beautiful",

meet all the standards of the modern “elite”, regardless of

what is his income? But the remaining funds are sometimes not enough to

satisfaction

needs.

turns on

mechanism

economy

coercion

start

sinking deeper into debt.

Such a phenomenon as inflation is not uncommon and, it would seem, it is understandable, but

rising prices in the absence of growth in worker wages provides hidden

stealth robbery. All this makes the average person

kneel lower and lower, bowing before the modern

bourgeoisie, making him a real slave.

Thus, we can conclude that no matter what times come, in

conditions

capitalist

civilization

Society

free

fully.

limited in its capabilities, there will always be someone who subordinates and who

obeys. Whether it is problems in his mind or state policy, in

Katasonov V.Yu. From slavery to slavery. From Ancient Rome to Modern Capitalism, publishing house

“Oxygen”, 2014. – 166 p.

where he lives, problems at work or in social life, in all these

spheres, a person is subjected to hidden slavery.

Bibliography

Katasonov

Ancient

modern capitalism,

publishing house "Oxygen", 2014. - 166 p.

ISBN: 978-5-901635-40-7

Katasonov

Capitalism.

ideology

"monetary

civilization"

editor

O.A.Platonov.

Institute

Russian civilization, 2013. – 1072 p. ISBN 978-5-4261-0054-1

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RF

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution

higher professional education

"Vladimir State University named after

Alexander Grigorievich and Nikolai Grigorievich Stoletov"

Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies

Essay on the topic of:

“Does slavery exist in modern society? What are

its features?

Performed by a student from group TSB-116

Sakhanina Ekaterina Alexandrovna

Checked:

Associate Professor of the Department of Science and Technology

Alexandrova Olga Stepanovna

The Australian Walk Free Foundation, created by billionaire Andrew Forrest with the support of actor Russell Crowe, annually measures the state of slavery on planet Earth. It was they who, after interviewing forty-two thousand people in twenty-five countries of the world, found out what was living in the world right now. Samizdat "My Boy, You're a Transformer" contacted Katharine Bryant, the organization's scientific director and European representative, to discuss whether 21st-century slavery surpasses the golden era of the slave trade in scale.

Your 2016 study says there are about forty-six million slaves living in the world; do you have more recent data?
This is indeed the most recent report to date, and we still note that there are 45.8 million people in the world living in modern slavery. However, towards the end of September we are going to release new reports in collaboration with the International Labor Organization, so we will provide updated figures, but at the moment we are still relying on the number 45.8 million: there are slaves in every country on the planet.

What forms of slavery do you include in this figure? What phenomena do you understand as slavery?
Modern slavery for us is an umbrella term that includes various forms of extreme exploitation, including slave labor, forced marriage and commercial sexual exploitation. By slave labor we mean situations where a person is forced to work and is unable to escape the situation. By forced marriage we consider children and adults who are unable to give voluntary consent to marriage. All types of slavery have one common feature - it is exploitation to the highest degree, from which the individual cannot free himself or voluntarily escape.

The most common type of slavery is forced labor, which includes various aspects: commercial, sexual exploitation, forced prostitution, state forced labor - for example, in prisons or the army. There are also many examples of forced labor in the private sector of the economy.

If we compare the number of modern slaves as a percentage of the total population of the Earth, do we see an increase or decrease in the number of slaves compared to the heyday of slavery?
This question is difficult to answer. Looking at the Transatlantic Slave Trade of the 19th century, we believe that the number of people enslaved today is actually much higher. Our judgment is limited, however, because records of the slave trade were less clear before the 19th century, so it is difficult to say whether more people are enslaved today than ever before, but yes, there are certainly more people than during the Transatlantic Slave Trade.

The most common type of slavery is forced labor.

Describe the portrait of a modern slave.
Modern slavery looks different in every country. It is important to remember that slavery does occur in any of the one hundred and sixty-seven countries that make up our Global Slavery Index. There are men who are forced to fish on fishing boats. We found numerous accounts of men being kidnapped from Burma, smuggled across the border into Thailand and forced to work on fishing boats that never entered port. In the European part, there are cases of refugees who fled war from Syria or Libya and were trafficked and forced into sexual slavery. We are particularly concerned about refugee children who have become exploited throughout Europe and have disappeared from refugee programs. In Russia and Central Asia we also see cases of forced labor and marriage. In Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan, forced labor is sanctioned by the state: there people are forced to collect coal, there brides are kidnapped and forced to marry a certain person. So there are many types of slavery, but again: the common factor is that the individual cannot escape the situation.

What does a modern slave owner look like?
In the cases of missing emigrants in Europe, these slave owners are members of organized crime, they benefit from the sale and purchase of slaves because they perceive them as an accessible and disposable commodity. More traditional forms, historical forms of slavery, where there is a "master" and his children inherit the slaves, in places like Mauritania in West Africa. In other countries, slave owners can make quick profits at the expense of slaves, either in the supply chains of multinational corporations or in more informal structures: for example, in South Asia there are many cases of bonded labor in the brick industry, where a person is forced to work for free until he pays off a debt. Sometimes these debts are passed down from generation to generation.

Modern slavery affects corporations around the world. Fortunately, in Europe, as well as the UK, US, Australia and Brazil, governments are beginning to take action to require retailers and multinational corporations to monitor their own supply chains for evidence of modern forced labor. We also welcome requirements for businesses to publish reports and statements outlining what they are doing to prevent forced labor. We support and encourage other countries to take similar measures.

What is the current situation with slavery in former colonial countries?
There is evidence confirming the existence of slavery in every country in the world, including the former countries of the English Empire. In Australia, where the Walk Free Foundation is headquartered, we estimate that around three thousand people experience various forms of modern slavery. In countries such as Australia and the UK, it is mainly emigrants and displaced workers who are exploited. This can be seen in different areas: for example, a person who came to a country to get married is forced into domestic servitude, or a person is there on a temporary visa that does not provide him with sufficient labor protection. In India, the population is exploited in informal structures, such as fishing enterprises, which do not have many regulations, unlike other organizations.

in 2012, income from modern slavery was $165,000,000,000

Which country has the worst situation with slavery?

In 2016, the highest percentage of the population exposed to modern slavery was recorded in North Korea - where 4% of the population is enslaved, engaged in forced labor in prisons and camps. The situation is bad in Poland and Russia, and high rates of slavery are observed in countries such as Uzbekistan, Bangladesh, India and conflict zones around the world.

How much money is there in this area?
According to our data, in 2012 the income from modern slavery was $165,000,000,000 - it is clearly an incredibly profitable business. On the other hand, what is interesting is that very few financial resources are used to combat slavery. So while slavery is a big moneymaker, an average of only $120,000,000 a year is spent on fighting it.

How can you fight slavery?
In our assessment of the anti-slavery efforts of one hundred and sixty-one governments around the world, we include many different aspects of good and effective practices, such as victim assistance programs, criminal justice measures, the presence of anti-slavery laws, coordination and accountability mechanisms, rapid response to risks, and the role of trading enterprises. We therefore argue that the best government response to modern slavery must cover all these aspects. The government should train law enforcement agencies to combat slavery, study all forms of modern slavery, pass laws, and work with other governments to ensure a transnational approach to the problem. The government should also make sure that it provides security for its population and employees. Help can come in the form of proper labor laws and inspections to identify any cases of forced labor. Finally, we strongly encourage businesses and governments to work together to try to investigate modern slavery.

Based on our research, the North Korean state is the most loyal to slavery. There are many cases and examples of forced labor in labor camps, and forced labor is used as punishment for political prisoners. Even more interesting is the fact of the use of forced labor of North Koreans in Europe. A 2015 study by Leiden University found that North Koreans were exported to Europe, where they were forced to work and were paid meager wages and little freedom while working. In North Korea, the government does little to prevent slavery and forced labor, and in some cases even actively promotes slavery.

Does the Walk Free Foundation only keep statistics or in some way contribute to improving the situation in the world?
Our foundation was founded in 2012 by Australian businessman Andrew Forrest after his daughter, Grace Forrest, volunteered at an orphanage in Nepal - where she learned that most of the children from that orphanage were victims of the sex slave trade and were sold from Nepal to India. Grace raised this issue with her family and they decided to study what was happening in the anti-slavery and anti-slavery sectors around the world and determine where they could do the most good. As a result, they realized that anti-slavery organizations lacked funding, businesses were not very interested in fighting this issue, and there was very little research on this topic. As a result, they founded the fund and Global Slavery Index, where I work. We are trying to determine the number of people around the world affected by modern slavery and what governments are doing to combat it; We also cooperate with many UN agencies.

We mainly focus on estimating the number of people in slavery, but we also provide very specific policy recommendations on what governments should do to respond. So, in addition to identifying and raising awareness of the extent of the problem, we are also trying to provide tools to combat it. We are currently preparing our new report, which will dedicate a separate chapter to the role of business in the rise of modern slavery and explain what businesses can do now to identify labor exploitation within their ranks.