What is the meaning of null. There are no sounds, but there is an ending

There are many words with zero endings, they are in nominative case have null ending, and change with declination.

For instance:

fear (zero ending) - fear (ending -a-), wolf - wolf, steppe - steppe,

pain - pain

brother - to brother, in order to understand that there is a zero ending, it is enough to change the word by number or cases.



Examples of null endings:

• secretary;
• help;
• calculator;
• magazine;
• a life;
• groom;
• batteries;
• lazy person;
• a curtain;
• great-grandfather;
• came;
• Glowworm;
• implemented;
• volt;
• composer;
• water pipes;
• nightingale;
• thistle;
• ant.

• Examples of words with a zero ending can be as follows: move, union, watermelon, year, city, fetus, bridge, mouse, wounded, order, husband, table, matchmaker, brother, nose, meadow, leaf, peanut, sock, slippers, elk , elephant, hero, night, beautiful and more.

  Examples of nouns with a zero ending, as a rule, these are words of the 2nd or 3rd declension, for example:

  lilac, execution, compote, chair, phone, engine, backpack, stove.

  It is worth noting that the null ending in other case forms becomes material. Compare:

  lilac - zero ending,

  lilacs - ending I;

  compote - zero ending,

  compote - ending OM.

  Examples of verbs with a zero ending, a large layer of such words are words male past tense of the indicative mood, for example:

  came in, finished, ran across, poured out, ran, looked in, jumped over, drank, finished, etc.

  Examples - fox, tasks, walked, oven.

  There are certain rules that govern the definition of null termination. This rule is already passed in the third grade and it sounds like this

  We remember the declension gender, number, case, what effect they have on the formation of the ending.

  

  Examples of words with a zero ending: table, cat, fur, sin, ax, pie, forest, demon, light, answer, husband, throne, magician, world, shutter, sunset, answer, stack, barn, Cossack, warrior, blacksmith, armor, ocean, dinosaur, space. In other forms, all these words have endings. For example: blacksmith-a, blacksmith-om, blacksmith-s. Therefore, all the words given for example also have an ending, which is considered zero.

  Null-terminated words are not to be confused with invariant words, since they have no endings in any form.

  Zero inflections are called(ends in school curriculum), which we do not pronounce and do not hear sounds they not expressed, and also do not write and do not see letters they not marked. Flexions are found only significant changing words inclined or conjugated.

  Zero inflection is revealed by a simple comparison of the form given to us with other word forms of the same lexeme, where the inflections are pronounced.

  Consider, as an example, a small sentence: Brother did his homework. There are two lexemes with zero inflections in nm: BRATIK, PERFORMED. The lexeme BRATIK in the initial form, there is no EXPRESSED inflection behind the stem, but any word forms from the paradigm of its form change help to understand that it exists: BRATIK, BRATIKOM (inflections -A, -OM). The same is true in the verb PERFORMED: as soon as we put it in a different gender or a different number (PERFORMED, PERFORMED, PERFORMED) it will become clear: in the word form from the sentence given as an example, inflection is zero.

  Zero inflections are:

  IMN NOUNS

  number one:

  • 2nd sk. husband. kind in them. fall: ghost, interruption, internationalism, baboon, brother;
  • inanimate 2nd cl. husband. kind in wines. fall: I recognize the locker, telephone, rise, alarm clock;
  • 3rd sk. in the fall them. and wine: degree, mouse, target, falseness;
  • various PATH in the same cases;

  plural:

  • 2nd sk. husband. and avg. genus (not all) and 1st cl. kind of women. and husband. in the fall genus: no towns, schools, lands, sisters, steeps, grandfathers;
  • various on -MYA in the fall. genus. pl. numbers (except for the lexemes TEMA, FLAME, BURDEN they do not have a plural number): imn, time, tribal, sign, vymn (unusually, but the lexeme VYYA is used in the plural), seeds, stirrups;

  IMN ADJECTIVES:

  • The possessives on -IY, -OV (-EB), -IN- (-YN-) are all suffixes, in the pad. them. and wine. husband. kind: whose? Mashin, papa, tsaritsyn, grandfathers, Dalev (about the dictionary), raven, wolf, bear;
  • short qualitative ones including units. male gender: handsome, interesting, magnificent, attractive, powerful;

  IN PRONOUNS

  • demonstrative and possessive in number of units. sort of husband. (cases of them. And, if they spread an inanimate noun, wine.): this, that, your, mine, ours, yours, yours;
  • demonstrative SUCH and interrogative-relative WHAT in the number of units. kind of husband;
  • personal I, YOU and HE (in other inflections expressed in the words WE, YOU inflection -Y);

  IMN NUMERALS:

  • quantitative with the value of a) units (5 9), b) whole tens (10 80) and c) whole hundreds (200 900) per pad. them. and wine. and in complex numbers. in these cases there are two zero inflections: at the end of the word and in the middle, as well as two expressed in other cases, with the exception of the two indicated above;
  • quantitative, denoting whole hundreds (200 900) in the genus. pad. at the end of words: two hundred, four hundred, eight hundred, five hundred;
  • ONE (male) in the pad. them. and, when combined with noun. inanimate, in wine;

  FOR VERBS:

  • indicative mood in masculine. kind of past tense: translated, tested, illustrated, scattered;
  • conditional inclinations in the gender masculine. unit numbers: would translate, test, illustrate, scatter;
  • imperative moods in the number of units: review, laugh, add, mark;

  AT PARTICIPONES passive short numbers units kind of male: we carry (from carried), we decide (from solved), completed, built.

  Besides, one should distinguish between words with zero inflections and words in which there are no inflections.

  

  Zero ending is a fairly common case in the Russian language and there are quite a lot of words that have such an ending not expressed by sounds or letters. For example, many nouns have zero endings in the nominative case: Wolf, Hare, Elephant, Thrush, Mouse, Rabbit. When changing the form of a word, the ending in these words appears - Wolf-Wolf-Wolf-Wolf-Wolf.

  Another case of the presence of a zero ending may be the disappearance of the ending expressed by the sound during declension, for example, in the plural. So in the word Owl the ending is A, but in the plural and genitive case we get the word (no one?) SOV, also with a zero ending.

  Zero ending not materially expressed. That is, it is there, but we do not see it. There is no sound after the root, which is expressed grammatical meaning. For example, the word house. When changing, the ending appears - home, home, home, etc.

  Son, Georgian, soldier, pomegranate, move, year, city, fruit, bridge, order, matchmaker, brother, husband, table, nose, meadow, leaf, union, watermelon, toddler, sock, slippers, elk, elephant, hero, night, mouse, wounded, beautiful, etc.

  

I do not know how to explain to the child, because I have not had such problems. Neither by himself, nor with a child.

But companies of 15 people with the top technical are easy to explain.

If on the street zero temperature does not mean that it does not exist at all. And if you "have no temperature", then it is far from zero.

It seems to me that there is no ending and zero ending in a school context full synonyms and there is no reason to fight against one by virtue of the other. vice versa. If Petya has no apples, then he has zero of them, right? If a word has no ending, then it (at the ending) has zero sounds, no? Or do children at school in the age of computers not know what "zero" is?

To be honest, I don't really like the nose idea. There is a nose. And it is by no means "zero". Just not visible. This is completely different. At one time (from the fifth grade, because I didn’t study at school in the third and fourth), because of such inconsistencies and omissions, I often thought that they were just deliberately fooling my head.))) I’m basically not talking about the Russian language, but also with Russians have had misunderstandings. But I dare not insist.

Ellen, answer here
//----------------------

The question is who needs it and why. Can you explain what the author of this idea was guided by?

I'm sorry, but I didn't ask about schoolchildren. You did not understand. (Or "they didn't get it").

They (students) quickly understand what you will not understand in any way.

I can't grasp Why do we need such a system of definitions . And students understand why is it needed ? Do not make me laugh. They (just like me, by the way, you slander me in vain) understand what they are told - but why neither they nor I nor you understand it. If you name this goal (argued), then I will immediately understand. Yes, something does not work either for you or for your predecessors. Just do not repeat that "they understand better." Name at least what exactly they "understand".

If you don't understand again. Zhi and SHI write with I not at all because they "understand" better. But because it is so right, it is covered by tradition and historical phonetics. So argue, if not difficult, the idea "the word table has zero inflection, but the coat does not have it" is correct, and not just voluntaristically set.

But what are the people who invent USE questions, I do not understand. (I'm talking about the question about grammatical connection in the phrase "his appearance".)

What's with the USE? But if this is a question, then they were guided only by considerations like "they understand better this way."

But the question is actually something else. And how is it correct (more logical, clearer - your choice) to consider that indeclinable names / pronouns do not have inflections at all - and, as a result, get confused in all the wordings, this concept is used ("his coat" is just one of the examples) or make the wording universal - and removing many inconsistencies in the entire system of definitions.

That's where the dog rummaged. And you tell me - about Kindergarten and "understand better". And how do they "understand worse", let me ask? If there is "better", then it must be "worse", no?

Note. In this answer, the zero ending is indicated by the sign " Ο » for lack of technical ability to designate it, as is customary in linguistics, square sign: tableΟ , kind Ο , was reading Ο .

1. End is a morpheme that usually stands at the end of a word and which shows the connection of this word with other words. The ending expresses the meanings of gender, number, case, person. For example, in a noun table a ending -a expresses the masculine gender singular genitive case, in the verb chita no ending -et expresses the meaning of the 3rd person singular.

Note. The ending is not always at the end of the word:

in that case, the word has a postfix, then the ending is placed before it: bathed a s, to wow anything, h him-either, thu about-then,id eat those;

in complex cardinal numbers, there is an ending not only at the end, but also in the middle of the word (after each base): 5O ten O , dv e st and . It is important not to confuse these numbers with ordinal numbers. and compound adjectives formed from them, between the bases of which there is a connecting morpheme, and the ending is only at the end of the word: fifty th, two hundred th, twenty and heels and thousand th, nine-storey th, triangular th,two levels th .

2. The ending is often called the modified part of the word: books a -books and -booksat. This means that changing the ending does not change the lexical meaning of the word.

3. Endings do not participate in word formation. It's always formative morphemes. Endings are used in the formation of forms of the 1st and the same word.

4. Endings express grammatical meanings:

gender, number, case nouns (books a - ending - a adjectives (big and I book- ending - and I indicates feminine, singular, nominative), participles (written and I book- ending - and I pronouns (mo I book- ending - I indicates feminine, singular, nominative), some numerals (one a book- ending - a indicates feminine, singular, nominative);

case - for some pronouns(No to wow - ending -wow shows the genitive case) and numerals (no heels and - ending -and shows the genitive case);

faces and numbers verbs in real and future time ( breathe at - ending -y indicates 1 person, singular);

gender and number verbs in the past time ( was reading a - ending -a indicates feminine, singular).

5. The ending can be expressed by one or more sounds: no knife a, cut knife ohm .

6. The end may be zero: tableΟ (cf. table a ), kind Ο (cf. kind s ), was reading Ο (cf. was reading and ). The zero ending is not expressed by sound and is not indicated by a letter in writing, but specifically the absence of such a materially expressed ending has a certain grammatical meaning: knifeΟ - zero ending indicates masculine, singular, nominative noun.

Zero endings are in the following forms of words:

1) at nouns in the form of the nominative case, singular, masculine (2nd declension) and feminine (3rd declension) : table Ο , daughter Ο ;

2) part nouns in the genitive form plural:tiredΟ , no casesΟ , no fighterΟ .

Note. Final sounds (and letters) in the form of the genitive plural of the 1st declension and 2nd declension of nouns are not endings: arm uy , foothill uy , dishes ec . This is part of the base, and the ending here is zero. For verification, it is possible to compare the data of the form with the forms of the nominative case of the singular. Example analysis:

noun army [arm'ij- a] has the ending -a, and the sound [ j ] goes into the base. In order to prove this, it is possible to decline the word: in army,army[j- uh] th etc. In all these forms, [j] is preserved. Means, [ j ] is part of the base, since the ending is a differentiable part of the word. Exclusively in the form of the genitive case, this sound is graphically expressed using the letter й ( armies Ο ), and in other forms it does not receive a special designation;

in class forms foothills, saucer we are seeing a similar phenomenon. Only here is also the fluency of vowels ( i, e): foothill - foothills Ο ; saucers- e - saucerΟ ;

3) at short adjectives in the singular form, masculine: inif Ο , happy Ο ;

4) at possessive adjectives with suffix -th: foxΟ , wolf Ο (-y is a suffix, because it is preserved during declension. Exclusively in other forms, the suffix is ​​presented in a truncated form - [j], and it is not graphically expressed in writing. The presence of this suffix is ​​indicated by the dividing b: wolfΟ -wolf[j- uh ]th , foxΟ -foxes[j- uh ]th );

5) at verbs in the past tense, singular, masculine: was reading Ο , sangΟ .

7. There are words thatthere are no endings at all. Such words are called invariable. See Which words are invariable?

It is necessary to distinguish between words in the absence of endings and words with zero endings. Example analysis:

In a sentence His eyes were fixed on the distance word into the distance is an adverb. The adverb does not change and therefore has no ending. In the title of Tvardovsky's poem "For the distance - distance" distance- a noun, it changes in cases and numbers, the form distance stands in line with other forms: far, far, far etc. As it follows, this word has a zero ending: far Ο .

In offers: She is it's a shame looked at us and Her face was very it's a shame - two homonymous words. In the first case, the word it's a shame is an adverb: looked(How?) it's a shame. Adverbs have no endings. Morpheme -about here is a suffix with which an adverb is formed from an adjective. In the 2nd sentence, the word it's a shame - short adjective: face(what?) it's a shame. Short adjectives change by number and in the singular by gender: girls are sad s -the girl is sad a -the story is sad Ο . Well, -about here is the ending.

Exercises for the topic "Rdistinction between words with no endings and words with zero endings»

1. alleys, knives, fields, roles, sledges, dictionaries, steppes, poplars. Which of them doesn't have the same ending as the others?

Answer: alleys. In this word, the zero ending, in others - the ending -ey.

2. The following nouns are given in the genitive plural form: widows, thieves, cattle, socks, foundations, horseshoes, dreams, tables. Divide them into two groups: those with zero endings and those with ending -s.

Answer: null ending: widows, cattle, foundations, horseshoes; ending -s: thieves, socks, dreams, tables.

3. Which of the following words does not have an ending: hero, evil, foliage, vying with each other, lights out, bag, yours?

Answer: vying with each other. It is an adverb, so it has no ending. Hero and lights out- masculine nouns in the nominative singular form, they have a zero ending. In feminine nouns foliage and bag, also in adjective wicked and pronoun your ending oh.

4. Words given: take, took, taking, taken, down, down, sideways, side, house, back, over, not bad, henceforth. Divide them into two groups: with zero ending and without ending.

Answer: null ending: took, taken, bottom, side, house, not bad; no ending: take, taking, down, sideways, back, over, henceforth.

Material source Website

Article by E.V. Muravenko "Morfemika" on the website rus.1september.ru

Chapter "Basic and ending" in the manual L.V. Balashova, V.V. Dementieva "Russian language course"

Additional to the site:

What is a word root?

What are bound and free roots in linguistics?

How to find the root in a word?

What is a prefix as part of a word?

What words in modern Russian language prefixes pre- and pre- are no longer distinguished?

In what words in the modern Russian language does the prefix pri- no longer stand out?

How to find a suffix in a word?

What are formative suffixes?

What are derivational suffixes?

Where can I find a list of null suffixes?

Where can I find a list of formative morphemes?

What is a base word?

What is a word nest?

What words are similar?

What is an affix?

Can an affix be equal to the base of a word?

Good evening, dear reader of the site!
We will be glad to help you in solving all your questions. Are you worried about the answer to the topic of which words have a zero ending? Be sure to provide examples. Let's figure it all out together.
In general, inflections are called zero, which we do not pronounce and do not hear - they are not expressed by sounds, and also we do not write and do not see. Such inflections are found only in significant modified words, i.e. inclined or conjugated.
Zero inflection is revealed by a simple comparison of the form given to us with other word forms of the same lexeme.
Consider the following example:
My sister did her homework. As we can see, it has two lexemes with zero inflections: SISTER, PERFORMED. The lexeme SISTER is in the initial form, there is no EXPRESSED inflection behind the stem, but any word forms from the paradigm of its form change help to understand what it is: SISTER. Also most and in the verb PERFORMED: as soon as we put it in a different gender or a different number (PERFORMED, PERFORMED, PERFORMED) - it will become clear: in the word form from the sentence given as an example, inflection is zero.
But where do zero inflections occur most often?
1. FOR NOUNS
2nd sk. husband. kind in them. case, for example ghost, interruption, internationalism.
inanimate 2nd cl. husband. kind in wines. case, for example, I recognize a locker, telephone, rise.
3rd sk. in the fall them. and wine. degree, mouse, target, falseness.
2. FOR ADJECTS:
Possessive on -IY, -OV (-EV), -IN- (-YN-) - these are all suffixes, in the pad. them. and wine. husband. kind: whose? - Machines, fathers, grandfathers;
Masculine: handsome, interesting, gorgeous, attractive;
3.IN PRONOUNS
demonstrative and possessive in number of units. sort of husband; noun inanimate, vin.): this, that, his, mine, ours; demonstrative THAT and interrogative-relative WHAT; personal I, YOU and HE (in other inflections expressed - in the words WE, YOU;
4. FOR NUMERAL NAMES:
quantitative with the value of a) units (5 - 9), b) whole tens (10 - 80) and c) whole hundreds (200 - 900) per pad. them. and wine. - and in complex numbers. in these cases there are two zero inflections; quantitative, denoting whole hundreds
5. Do VERBS:
inclinations indicative in husband. kind of past tense: translated, tested, scattered;
conditional inclinations in the gender masculine. unit numbers: would translate, test, illustrate;
imperative moods in the number of units: review, laugh, add;
6. Do participles passive short numbers units. kind of male: we carry (from carried), we decide (from solved), completed, built.
So based on all of the above and the examples given, I hope that you have understood the topic, and our Desk team to answer all your questions!
We wish you good luck and success!

The Russian language, not in vain they say - the richest and most beautiful, but at the same time the most difficult in the world. No other language in the world has such huge amount rules and exceptions to them, and also none of them can boast such a wide variety of not only words, but also their forms, which can be formed if, for example, you decline a noun in cases, or conjugate verbs. Endings are especially difficult because they link all the words in a sentence into a single whole. Also, the definition of a null termination can cause problems. We will try to understand in more detail what a zero ending is in this article.

What is an ending?

The ending is one of the morphemes that indicates the connection of this word with other words in one phrase or in a sentence. The ending is most often at the end of the sentence, but there are some exceptions. We will touch on them a little later. Endings, unlike other morphemes, do not affect the meaning of the word, since they are not word-forming. It is thanks to him that you can determine the gender, case, number and person of a given word. For example, in the word "mainland" the ending -a indicates that given word in the singular, genitive and masculine, and in the word "thinks" the ending -et says that this design third person singular.

Cases where the ending is not at the very end of the word

When determining the ending, some people may have difficulty, because they are sure that it must be at the end of the word. Cases in which the ending can be in the middle of a word:

If there is a postfix in the word, the ending will be placed before it. For example: removed, someone, something, let's go.

In complex quantitative numbers, the ending is present both in the middle of the word and at the end, that is, the ending will be after each base. For example: fiftyØ, four. However, one should not confuse ordinal numbers or adjectives that are formed from them. For example: fiftieth, four hundred, thirty-five thousandth, eight-story, three-year-old, first-class, heptagonal.

Grammatical meanings of endings

Endings are a very significant morpheme, since they completely affect lexical meaning words and the sentence as a whole. Indeed, sometimes it is easiest to identify foreigners among a crowd of people precisely because correct use endings in words are given to them with great difficulty.

All endings in words can denote the following grammatical meanings:

Numbers, gender and case in such parts of speech as, for example, (for example: canvas - ending -o indicates that the word is in the nominative case, it is also in the singular and neuter); adjective (for example: a clean canvas - the ending -th indicates a singular, neuter gender and nominative case); participle (for example: a washed canvas - the ending -th also says that we have a word in the singular, in the nominative case and the middle gender); some pronouns (for example: your canvas - the ending -ё also indicates a word in the singular, nominative and neuter) and some numerals (for example: one canvas - the ending -o indicates a word in the singular neuter and nominative) ;

Only the case of some pronouns (for example: there is nothing - the ending -th indicates the genitive case) and part of the numerals (there is no seven - the ending -i says that the given word is in the genitive case);

Only persons and numbers of verbs in the future and present tense (for example: I write - the verb of the first person singular);

Only numbers and gender of verbs in the past tense (for example: spoke - verb female and singular).

What is null ending?

Also, some difficulties may arise in determining the end if it is zero. In order to easily identify it in a word, you need to figure out what a zero ending is. Words with similar endings are often confused with words without endings at all.

The zero ending of a word is an ending that is not expressed by either letters or sounds. Even though the material this species the ending is not expressed in any way, when analyzing the morphological structure of a word, it must be denoted as an empty square.

Types of words with zero endings

Zero ending is in Russian the following types words:

First person nouns in the genitive and plural. For example: birds Ø, seals Ø, cows Ø, pets Ø.

Qualitative adjectives, as well as participles in short form singular masculine, for example: resourceful Ø, individual Ø, inclined Ø, magnificent Ø, detained Ø, armed Ø.

Zero ending of masculine nouns of the second type, as well as feminine in the third declension. For example: cockroachØ, parkanØ, feltØ, ovenØ, speechØ, nightØ.

Possessive adjectives in the form For example: fathers Ø, mother Ø, cow Ø, fox Ø, Serezhin Ø.

Singular verbs in imperative mood. For example: learnØ, lookØ, helpØ, translateØ, askØ.

Verbs in the subjunctive and indicative mood in the masculine gender in the past tense and in the presence of the singular. For example: spoke Ø - would speak Ø, listen Ø - listen Ø would, vote Ø - vote Ø, ask Ø - ask Ø would.

Often people confuse words with zero endings with words that have no endings at all. To understand all the differences, consider which words have no ending at all.

Words that have no ending at all

The following invariable words and groups of words do not have an ending:

Indeclinable nouns, for example: taxi, coffee, car, coat;

Indeclinable adjectives, for example: burgundy, khaki, marengo, net, baroque, Esperanto, pleated;

Possessive pronouns that indicate belonging to a third person, for example: them, her, him;

All adverbs, since an adverb is an invariable part of speech and, by definition, no longer has an ending, for example: bad, sad, noticeable, unclear, confused, colored, redone;

Words in comparative form, for example: stronger, smarter, faster, clearer, more beautiful, sadder, more majestic;

All adverbs, because this part speech took its inflexibility from the adverb and, like the adverb, cannot have an ending, for example: having read, washing, understanding, reading, remembering, remembering, analyzing, realizing;

All service parts of speech, for example: to, if, not, nor, despite the fact that, only, barely, just, without, over, under, in;

Interjections, for example: well, yes, yes, fathers, wow, ah, slap, bang, those times;

The initial form of the verb in case -t and -ti is perceived as a suffix, for example: eat, accept, feel, understand, respect, experience, act.

Also, it should not be indicated on the letter when morphological analysis empty square words that have no endings at all. One rule will help you easily distinguish words without endings from zero endings. Words without an ending are not changed, unlike words with a null ending.

How to determine the end?

To determine the ending in any word, simply decline it by cases. That part of the word that will change is what it is. It is in this way that it is easy to detect the zero ending. Examples of words with such an ending, as well as words that do not have it at all, are presented in the following table:

		Singular	Plural	immutable word
Nominative
Genitive	Whom? What?
Dative	To whom? What?		mirrorAM
Accusative	Whom? What?
Instrumental		a mirror	mirrors
Prepositional	About whom? About what?		mirrors

On this example it is noticeable how easily a given morpheme can be defined in words. Since the word "pleated" is not declined by cases, this word is without an ending, and in the word "mirrors" only the root and the zero ending are represented, because this is a noun in and in the genitive case.

Morphemes with which the null ending interacts

In most of the examples considered, words are most often found in which only the root and the zero ending are used among morphemes. All other morphemes can be combined with a similar ending. For example, words that have a prefix, root, zero ending: story, transition, departure, exit, swim. There are also words morphemic analysis which you can see the prefix, root, suffix and zero ending. For example: teenager, put, predicted, timed. Very often, words are used that simultaneously contain a postfix and a zero ending in Russian. For example: make up, cheer up, sit down, help, imagine, arm yourself.

Soft sign in morphemic analysis

Please note that soft sign cannot be the end of a word. This sign does not denote any sound, but only indicates the softness of the consonant that stands in front of it. If a word ends with a soft sign, then it should be considered that it has a zero ending. However, this rule does not apply to immutable words. For example, despite the fact that in the constructions just, away, jump at the end there is a soft sign, these words should not be counted with a zero ending. They are immutable and have no endings at all.

Features of the morphemic analysis of the word

The ending is the only variable part in a word. All other morphemes together form its basis. In morphemic analysis, it is perhaps easiest to identify exactly the ending in a word, since for this it is enough to modify the word a little.

A small difficulty that could arise in the correct definition of the ending is to distinguish between words that have a zero ending, as well as words without any ending at all. Since in this article it was found out what a zero ending is, then this morpheme will not pose any difficulties during analysis.