Word order in an English sentence. Exercises for Beginners

Exercises for Beginners

Exercise 1.
1. good, I, student, am, a.
2. famous, he, footballer, is a?
3. Mary, very, looks, happy.
4. The dolls, very, are, pretty.
5. clever, she, girl, is, a.
6. Bella, a, is, not, good, cat.
7. sings, well, he.
8. will, rain, it, soon.
9. listened to, teacher, the, they.
10. English, have, they, Wednesday, on.

Exercise 2. Put the words in the correct order.
1. Sunday, went, to the Zoo, we, on.
2. How, do, have, pets, they, many?
3. Not, I, will, see, friend, soon, my.
4. he, what, do, will, weekends, at?
5. Uses, the, at, work, he, computer.
6. does, he, not, know, the girl.
7. English, they, not, do, study.
8. was, I, not, school, at, yesterday.
9. there, many, people, in, the, were, park.
10. at, cinema, the, were, they, week, last.

Exercise 3. Put the words in the correct order.
1. in, town, are, there, houses, a lot of.
2. go, yesterday, they, did, where?
3. country, usually, goes, with, Mary, to, who, the?
4. what, banana, color, is, a?
5. are, leaves, there, on, trees, the, no.
6. there, is, a, dog, door, near, the.
7. snow, it, winter, last, didn’t.
8. book, was, interesting, very, the.
9. can, draw, well, they.
10. we, not, must, eat, on the bus.

Exercise 4. Translate the sentences in Present Simple into English. Do not forget that the word order in an English sentence is DIRECT.
1. I go to work every day.
2. At 7 o'clock I get up.
3. My brother reads in the evening.
4. I speak English well.
5. I love candy!
6. My sister loves dogs.
7. Children play with the dog every day.

There are three basic rules for word order. The most important of them is the first one, which you need to remember once and for the rest of your life in order to learn to think and speak English. So,

Rule #1

An English affirmative sentence begins with a subject. It must be followed by a predicate. Then comes the addition and circumstance. Sometimes an adverb can be used at the beginning of a sentence (adverbs of time) or before the predicate (adverbs of frequency - never, often, always, etc.)

Example: I like this movie very much.

Rule #2

The construction there is / there are. If you need to say about the presence of a certain object in a certain place, then such sentences are constructed according to the scheme: There is / There are + noun + adverbial location.

Example: There is a flower in the vase.

Rule #3

In questions, “reverse order” of words is observed, in which an auxiliary verb is used before the subject.

Example: Do you like this movie?

Exercise on word order in English sentences

Exercise:

p.1-p.3 - Substitute the missing word into the sentence.

p.4-p.7 - Place the words in the correct order.

What's the first thing that comes to mind when you mention learning a language? There are probably four turtles on which everything rests: grammar, speaking, vocabulary and listening comprehension. Today's topic - word order in an English sentence - relates to two of them at once. Without knowledge of the arrangement of words, it is unlikely that you will be able to write or say anything correctly. Without exaggerating, we can call knowledge of this topic the “skeleton” of the language. Understanding what follows what, you can easily and simply substitute the necessary words into a certain scheme, changing them according to your desire.

What should you always remember?

In English, like in any other language, there are main members of a sentence and secondary ones. Each of these categories has its own rules. The first thing to remember is that the word order of English is not similar to Russian. Many people who start learning a language give away their little knowledge by incorrectly constructing sentences.

When communicating with more experienced friends or native speakers, you can find yourself in rather awkward situations. For example, the phrase “Yulia is going to the store” in Russian may sound like “Yulia is going to the store.” There is nothing criminal in such a change of words, and the meaning does not change at all, but if we literally translate these sentences into English, we get: “Julia is going to the store” (first option) and “The store is going to Julia” (second option ). If a person who knows English hears the last example in a conversation, at best he will laugh, and at worst he will twirl his finger at his temple: “Where have you seen shops go to Yul?”

From this example we can conclude that the order of words in a sentence in English is stable. The rule about “changing the places of terms and keeping the sum constant” does not work here. Because English has no endings, the meaning of a word can sometimes be understood only by its place in a sentence. Example with the word name:

What is your name? - What is your name? Literally - What is your name?
You name all vegetables you like. - You name all the vegetables that you like.

We must never forget that the correct word order in a sentence in English is very important. And failure to comply can radically change the meaning of the phrase.

Basic rules for word order in an English sentence

The simplest scheme of an English sentence looks like this: Subject + Predicate + Object + Circumstance.

As was said earlier, the order of words cannot be changed.

The subject is one of the two main members of the sentence, which answers the questions who? what? and denotes an object or person.

The predicate is the second main member of the sentence. It denotes the action referred to in the sentence. In English sentences, the predicate is always present, unlike in Russian. Often it can be expressed by the verb to be, which many students forget about due to its absence in their native grammar.

I am a friend. - I am a friend.
It's raining now. - It is raining now.

The addition refers to the secondary members of the sentence, it denotes the object on which the action of the predicate is carried out, and answers the questions of indirect cases.

The circumstance is another minor member of the sentence. It can characterize an action or its cause, indicate time and location. Circumstances such as tomorrow, yesterday, at the moment + adverbials of place can appear at the beginning of a sentence before the subject.

According to the scheme presented above, the simplest affirmative sentences in the English language are constructed. Here are some examples:

Word order in an English interrogative sentence

With even a small immersion in the study of the English language, you will notice that interrogative constructions in it have a number of significant differences (from the usual Slavic ones). If in Russian you can ask simply by changing the intonation or putting the appropriate sign at the end of the phrase, then this will not work here - you need to completely rebuild the sentence. There are five different types of questions, and each has a different word order that you need to know.

What is it all based on?

The general question is the basics. This type is the simplest - you just need to make a slight inversion of the words in the sentence and put in first place an auxiliary or modal verb, which will indicate time and person. The scheme is: Auxiliary verb + subject + predicate + object?

Are you watching TV? - You watch TV?
Can you help me? - Can you help me?

Special questions

In English, the word order in an interrogative sentence of this type is practically no different from the general one; you just need to add a certain word at the beginning. Which one? Such questions can be considered more specific; they enable a person to find out more real information. There are six main question words in total:

What (what)? - to clarify the subject;
Where (where)? - to find out the place;
Why (why)? - determine the cause;
How? - understand the methods;
Which (which)? - identify a specific person from several;
When? - inquire about the time.

Such questions have the following scheme: Special word + OV (general question)?

What are you doing? - What are you doing?
Where have I left my phone? - Where did I leave my phone?

As you can see, the general question underlies the subsequent ones, so you need to allocate a larger period of time to study it. Sentence word order exercises are common in English, so finding them to practice with is easy. You need to remember that you cannot neglect this moment, because you can simply forget all the details and subtleties. With constant polishing, the learned information will become “native”, and the brain will automatically produce the order of words in an English sentence.

Features of the question to the subject

Quite often this type is “attached” with special questions, and this action is quite logical. In the first place is the special word What?, which is used when talking about an object, or Who?, when talking about someone living. The purpose of such a question is to find out the subject of the conversation. It has the following scheme: Subject expressed by the question words What and Who + predicate + object + adverbial?

Who will come to your class? - Who will come to your class?
What gets you upset? - What upsets you?

The main thing to remember about this question is that it has a similar structure to a regular sentence, it’s just that the subject is replaced by special pronouns.

Alternative and dividing questions

The fourth type of interrogative sentence is alternative. As you might guess, it provides the person being interviewed with a choice. Therefore, it will necessarily contain the word “or” (or).

The fifth and final type of questions are dividing questions. They are also called “tailed ones”. They have a structure at the end that translates to "isn't it?" The first part of the sentence remains declarative without changes, and in the second the auxiliary word of the required time and in a certain form is written. If the original phrase contained a statement, then the “tail” will contain a negation, and vice versa.

These types of interrogative sentences do not have one stable pattern. Why? For example, an alternative question can be linked to any member of a sentence, and each such option will have its own type of diagram. Speaking about dividing sentences, they do not have any special differences from the most common phrases that were discussed at the beginning of the article, the main thing is not to forget about the “tail”.

How can you consolidate the result?

Of course, for productive learning you need to do exercises on word order in an English sentence. At the initial stage, the most fruitful work will be according to the “independent implementation + teacher check” scheme. Try translating sentences using the example phrases above. Initially, using the diagrams.

For even better assimilation of the material, you can try to translate the most familiar phrases, often used in everyday speech, into English using schemes already memorized. Thus, partial immersion into the language environment occurs. Forcing yourself to think in a foreign language is the key to successful learning.

Studying the order of words in an English sentence can become a good and strong thread on which beads of new knowledge can later be strung.

The correct order of words in a sentence in English is a painful topic for many, especially those who are just beginning to learn the intricacies of translating a foreign language. But, be that as it may, the topic must be mastered well, since competent speech is an integral part of a pleasant impression of a person. Let's look at the order of words in an English sentence and the features of its construction, and also give vivid examples for better assimilation of information. Go ahead for new knowledge!

Before we proceed to the main block of information, we immediately note that today we will consider the construction rules only standard offers. Today we will not talk about the intricacies of composing complex inversions, exclamations and elliptical constructions, but will talk exclusively about standard sentences. They are a kind of skeleton, the basis for composing other types of sentences. So, let's get down to the rules for constructing a standard sentence.

The purpose of sentences is to express a comprehensive idea. To achieve this goal, you need to use the parts of the sentence in the right composition, which allows you to make the thought complete. For a sentence to be logical, it must have two main components in the form and predicate. In a standard sentence, the subjects come first, then the predicates.

How to determine the subjects? Everything is simple if you remember that they can be expressed not only by nouns, but also by pronouns. Mother, apple, cat, tail, flower, phone, cake can act as nouns; I, we, you, they, he, she, it can act as pronouns. The predicates are expressed (to write, to sleep, to enjoy, to read, to bake) and, as we have already said, occupy the second place in the sentence (the subjects come first).

For a better understanding, here are some examples:

The bird is singing => The bird is singing.
The child is smiling => The child is smiling.
The pear will ripen => The pear will ripen.

On a note! Predicates allow you to understand what is happening, has happened or will happen to a subject or object. Moreover, they can consist of two parts - the main and auxiliary verbs. It is the auxiliary verb that allows you to determine the time in which the action occurs, and this, in turn, allows you to correctly translate sentences from one language to another.

In addition to the main members of the sentence, there are also additional, so-called minor members, which include => additions, definitions, . There are two types of additions - direct and indirect. Their sequence in a sentence is that the direct object comes first, followed by the indirect object.

They saw a cat with her => They saw a cat with her.
The grandmother is baking a cake to the children => Grandmother bakes a cake for the children.

When we talk about a definition, we need to remember that it stands next to subjects or objects and is used to describe their characteristics. Answers the questions “which?”, “whose?”.

I look at this marvelous picture => I look at this wonderful picture.
Her gray rabbit lies on the carpet =>

If we are talking about a circumstance, then the peculiarities of the context should be taken into account, since the circumstance can be placed both at the end and at the beginning of the sentence.

Her gray rabbit lies on the carpet => Her gray rabbit lies on the carpet.
Tomorrow she will be listening to the music => Tomorrow she will listen to music.
I will come to you the next day => I will come to you the next day.
Her friend behaves indifferently => Her friend behaves vaguely.

Structure English offers

The English language offers forward and backward word order. We see the first option in affirmative and negative sentences, the second - when we need to make up a question.

Reference: Sentences in English are different from sentences in Russian. In the Russian language we observe free word order => Galya took ''Gala'', ''Gala'' took Galya, took ''Gala'' Galya. Regardless of the order of words in a sentence, the meaning does not change, which cannot be said about English language => Galya was taking Gala - the only correct translation in English.

Fixed word order in a sentence is a feature of the English language. Here one member of the sentence clearly follows the other. For children, this feature of the English language can be a kind of stick in the wheels, because in the Russian language everything is different.

Remember: English words cannot “jump” from one place to another. The conservatism of the order of words in a sentence explains the conservatism in the behavior of the British, their penchant for order and regularity.

Word order in an English sentence: affirmation, negation, question

Here the scheme is simple, subject + predicate + object. But! There are cases when a circumstance as an addition is put in first place (we have already looked at examples). Please also note that the main verb can be accompanied by an auxiliary verb. But in this case it is easier than in the case of an addition, because the auxiliary verb is an integral part of the predicate. The result is direct word order. Below table will help you understand the material easier.

Word order in an affirmative sentence

Circumstance	Subject	Predicate	Addition	Circumstance
Tomorrow	she	will learn	Spanish vocabulary.	———
Tomorrow she will learn Spanish vocabulary.
———	Her elder brother	will visit	her	in five weeks.
Her older brother will visit her in five weeks.
Next year	I	will come	here again.
Next year I will come here again.

Note that modifiers can be added to subjects.

Word order in a negative sentence

Circumstance	Subject	Auxiliary verb+not	Basic verb	Addition	Circumstance
Last week	he	did not	study	English.
He didn't study English last week.
———	Her little friend	will not	come	to me	in several days.
Her little friend won't come to me for a few days.
Next month	I	will not	do	my exercises.	————
Next month I won't do my exercises.

The given sentences are negative, but they also have standard word order. To express negation and turn an affirmative sentence into a negative one, we use the particle not .

Reference: In negative sentences there will always be an Auxiliary verb, since it is to it that the particle is added not. Particle to main verb not cannot adjoin.

Word order in a question sentence

The Auxiliary verb always comes first. For comparison: in Russian we can guess only by intonation that we were asked a question. In English there is no need to listen to intonation, because if there is not the proposal will be negative in any case.

Reference: An interrogative sentence is characterized by reverse word order. What does it mean? Subjects and predicates are swapped. But... since we have already talked about conservatism, remember that only , that is, only part of the predicate, should be put in first place. Further, the formation of sentences will proceed in the standard way - theBasic verb should be placed only after Auxiliaryverb.

This is interesting! In interrogative sentences, the circumstance is never put first. It will come at the end of the sentence. Those who build a question with a circumstance at the beginning of an interrogative sentence make a mistake. Remember this!

Let's sum it up

The construction of sentences in English has its own rules and nuances. First you need to remember that all English sentences have a standard verbal order. Reverse word order is unique to interrogative sentences. In this case, it is not the main verb that comes first, but its auxiliary part. The main verb comes only after the subject.

Considerable attention should be paid to additions. If we are talking about circumstances, then they can appear either at the beginning or at the end of sentences. But! If we are talking about questions, then remember that in these cases the adverbial clause is the last member of the sentence, not the first.

Knowing the order of words in an English sentence, you will quickly learn how to correctly compose correct sentences of an affirmative, negative and interrogative nature. Good luck and patience! Remember: patience, perseverance and work are the basis of ideal success! Good luck!

Content Content
Word order in an English declarative sentence... 4

Noun ……………………………………………………… 5

Article……………………………………………………...... 6

Pronoun……………………………………………………….. 7

Some, any, no…………………………………………....................... 8

Many, much, few, little ……………………………………………………………… 9

Adjective ……………………………………………………. 10

Numeral………………………………………………………..12

Prepositions………………………………………………………..12

“to be”………………………………………………………………...14

‘There+be’……………….……………………………………………15

“to be, to do, to have” …………………………………………………15

“have/have got” ……………………………………………………….17

Verb tenses in the active voice………………………………...18

Verb tenses in the passive voice………………………………26

Modal verbs and their equivalents……………………………. 28

Types of interrogative sentences …………………………… 32

Communion ……………………………………………………………………………… 33

Participial phrases…………………………………………….. 35

Gerund. Gerundial turnover ………………………………… 36

Infinitive. Infinitive phrases…………………………….. 37

Coordination of times……………………………………………………….. 39

Direct and indirect speech……………………………………………. 40

Conditional sentences……………………………………………. 42

STOP & CHECK YOURSELF………………………………………………………. 44

To table 1 :Word order in English

declarative sentence

Exercise 1.

Is, a, table, book, on, there, the. 2
Library, very, is, good, our.
Are 35, pupils, class, our, in, there.
Like, I, read, to, books.
She, to, goes, Pete, with, school.
Study, in, we, winter.
In, room, is, there, telephone, my, a.
Visit, uncle, to, went, to, his, Pavel, Moscow.
They, with, play, Saturday, every, basket ball, friends, their?
He, fond, always, English, he, because, is, well, language, of, this, knows.
Datum, blackboard, was, this, on, formula, the, of, there, this.

Task 2. Make sentences from the following words, observing the word order in the English sentence.

Usually, it, me, to get, takes, my, an hour, to, office.
There, any, are, on, the blackboard, figures.
A picture, there, over, the bookcase, is?
Countries, the, metric system, European, use, most, now.
This, the, to, have, no, I, to, time, gym, go, afternoon.
Winning, players, a lot of, among, team, has, of, friends, he.
Farmers, club, built, last, students, new, for, year, collective.
See, cinema, time, to, go, I, new, the, have, when, free, the, the, film, to, I.
There, are, United, situated, the, Atlantic, States, the Pacific, between, Oceans, and.
Will, a, be, laboratory, in, there, this, next, room, year.
Had, our, finished, we, experiment?
Are of, full, news, newspapers, our, interesting, USA, about, the.

Task 3. Make sentences from the following words, observing the word order in the English sentence.

In winter, study, we, and, in summer, rest.
A library, we, at, have, very, school, good, our.
Many, factories, are, at, there, town, our.
Friend, Donetsk, studies, my, at, University, the, in.
Is, for, friend, this, letter, your, I, which, received, yesterday.
To, Victor, four, wrote, days, a, his, letter, ago, friend.
See, often, we, library, them, our, at, local.
Morning, at, o’clock, in, usually, up, woke, the, six.

9. Group, will, students, the, of, go, State, to, Museum, tomorrow, History, the.

10. The, is, the best, famous, one, museums, world, the, in, British, of, museum.
To table 2: Noun
Exercise 1. Choose the correct plural form of the noun

1. a school (A – schools, B – schools, C – school); 2. a sheep (A – sheep, B – sheeps, C – sheepes); 3. news (A – newes, B – newses, C – news); 4. a child (A – childs, B – children, C – childrens); 5. a baby (A – babys, B – babies, C – babis); 6. money (A – money, B – moneys, C – moneis);7. A goose (A – gooses, B – geeses, C – geese); 8. advice ( A– advice, B – advices, C – advicis); 9. a handkerchief ( A– handkerchiefs, B – handkerchieves, C – handkerchievs); 10. foot (A – feet, B – feets, C– feet); 11. sugar (A – sugas, B – sugars, C – sugar); 12. hair (A–hairs, B–hair, C–haires); 13. A box (A – box, B – boxes, C – box); 14. information (A – informations, B – information, C – informationes); 15. a housewife (A – housewives, B – housewifs, C – housewives).
Task 2. Choose the form of the noun in the possessive case. .

1. The tooth of my little brother 2. The toys of my sister
A. My brother"s little tooth; A. My sister"s toys

B.My little brother"s tooth B.My sisters" toys

C. My tooth "s little brother C. The toys" my sister

3. The wages of my father 4. The text-book of my friend

A. Father "s my wages; A. My friends" text-book

B. Wages" my father B. My friend"s the textbook

C. My father's wages C. My friend's text-book

5. The people of this country. 6. The goods of that office.

A. This country's people; A. That office's goods;

B. These people"s country; B. That offices" goods

C. Country"s these people. C. The goods" that office

7. The instruments of his father. 8. The children of my aunt.

A. His father's instruments; A. My aunts" children;

B. His instrument"s father; B. Children"s my aunt;

C. The father's instruments. C. My aunt's children.

9. The geese of my Granny. 10. The trousers of those boys.

A. Geese"s my Granny; A. Those boys"s trousers;

B. My Granny "s geese; B. Those boys" trousers;

C. My geese "s Granny. C. The trousers" those boys.
TO table 3: Article
Exercise 1. Place the indefinite, definite or zero articles before the following nouns and phrases.

House, ... Petrovs, my ... sister, ... butter, ... knowledge, ... Asia, ... Caucasus, ... Apennines, much ...water, by ... tram, ... Transvaal, any ... pen, ... sugar, ...

Bermudas, ... milk, in ... morning, at... school, on ... right, by day, to go to ... bed, to tell... time, ... sun, at... time, to have ... cold, ... tea, ... Azores, ... Black Sea, .... snow,... British Channel,... Australia,... Doctor Brown, that ... boy, ... Professor Pavlov, ... coal, ... Titanic, ... I Geography , some ... books, ... music, ... Pacific Ocean, this I... dictionary,... Rostov (hotel), ... Paris, little ... milk, ... moon, . .. best boy, ... second lesson, ... United States of America,... Scotland,... Appalachians,... America,... Florida, ... Bahamas, ... Rocky Mountains, ... Alaska, ... Sunday Times.
Task 2. Choose the required article instead of the blanks: A – a; В – аn; C – the, D – (zero article)
A. Common nouns
1. You"ve got... cold. Stay at... home and have... apple. 2. Give me your... pen, please. This... pen is bad. 3. What"s. .. time? Oh, it's high time to train and play ... piano. 4. To tell ... truth, I am not ready for ... lesson. 5. In ... spring we like to go for ... walk in ... park. 6. Come to see me ... day after tomorrow in ... evening. We had ... good time on ... board ... ship this ... summer. .As...result of our
... walk we "ve got ... lot of beautiful autumn ... leaves. 9. Don"t be in ... hurry, take your ... seat and tell me about... school. 10. Take ... care of your sister, she has ... bad headache.

B. Proper nouns

1. On ... Wednesday ... Times published an article about the events in ... Caucasus. 2. ... United Kingdom includes ... Great Britain and ... Northern Ireland. 3. ... English Channel is between ... England and ... France. 4. My father is from ... Ukraine. He was born in the town of Cherkassy on ... Dnieper river. 5. ... USA is the fourth largest country in the world after ... Russia, ... Canada and ... Republic of ... China. 6. ... Lena is ... longest river in ... Siberia. 7. My relatives live in ... Crimea, not far from ... Black Sea. 8. Sometimes on ... Sundays we enjoy a wonderful journey on board ... “Ivan Polsunov” along ... Don. 9. Show me ... Canary Islands and ... Azores on this map. 10. ... Browns speak ... Russian very well because they often visit... Moscow and other cities of ... Russia.

TO table 4: Pronouns
Exercise 1. Translate into English the possessive and reflexive pronouns in brackets.

1. This is (our) Institute. 2. These are (their) drawings. 3. I don’t know where I have put (my) pencil. 4. I don’t know where is (my) pencil. 5.Give me (your) pen, please. 6. She must write (your) translation. 7. He wants to read (their) translation and they will read (their) translation. 8. He has no idea where (his) ticket is. 9. I shall give him (my) ticket as I don’t want to go to the cinema. 10. Here is the table I want to show you; one of (his) legs is broken. 11. I gave her (his) book. 12. We shall give them (our) tools. 13. I’ll do this (myself). 14. The experiment (myself) was very important.

Task 2..

1. I often meet (his, him) in the reading-room. 2. Will you give (I, me) your text-book, please? 3. I received a letter from (she, her). 4. We saw (they, them) in the theater. 5. Give me (you, your) ball-point-pen, please. 6. (Me, my) sister teaches (them, their) mathematics. 7. (Our, us) students were present at the lecture. 8. (Many, much) students were present at the lecture. 9. He reads (little, few). 10. She spends (many, much) time on this kind of work.

Task 3. Open the brackets by choosing the correct form of the pronoun .

1. I used (her, hers) bicycle; (my, mine) is broken. 2. I recognize you but I have forgotten (your, yours) name. 3. (Your, yours) suitcase is bigger than (our, ours). 4. (Their, theirs) dog ate their dinner. 5. Is this bicycle (your, yours)? No, it's John's. 6. Is this one (our, ours)? I'm not sure. 7. This is (my, mine) typewriter. 8. That is (her, hers) problem. 9. Those glasses are (my, mine). 10. Are these (your, yours) shoes? No, they are (their, theirs). 11. Show (we, our, us) these pictures, we like (their, them, they). 12. Whose books are these? They are (we, us, our) books. 13. Look at the picture, (it, it’s, she) beautiful. 14. Come to see (my, I, me) today. 15. His sister likes to read (she, her, his) books on history. She reads (they, them, their) after classes. 16. Help (I, my, me) with this translation, please (he, it, his) is difficult. I cannot do it without (you, your) help. 17. Ivanova is (our, we, us) teacher of English. (She, her, it) is not old. 18. Read the text, please. (He, she, it) is easy. 19. This letter is from (his, he, him). 20. I am going to (he, him, his) sister.

Task 4. Open the brackets by putting the personal and possessive pronouns given below in the correct form.

A.Singular pronouns : my, me, mine, his, his, her, hers, it, its.

1. Give (me) (ee) book to read. (My) - is not interesting. 2. Are these (his) text-books? No, they are (her). 3. Show (me) (him) magazine, please. 4. (His) sister is here, and where is (mine)? 5. Give (to him) (his) pen. He likes to write with (her). (She) is always with (him). 6. Please, help (me) to write a report for (him). (He) needs (in him) for tomorrow. 7. (This) is not (his) key. (He) is (her). 8. Give (to me) (her) photo and I’ll give (to you) (mine). 9. I asked (her) to help (him) to do (his) home-task. 10. Is (it) (its) map? (I) am not sure. (I) think, (she) is (him).

B. Plural pronouns : we, us, our, ours, you, your, yours, they, them, their, theirs.

1. (We) are (their) relatives, not (yours). 2. Show (to us) (our) new teacher. 3. Whose girl is this? The girl is (ours). 4. Are the boys (your) friends? No, (they) are (their) friends. 5. All (your) suitcases are in (their) car. Take (them). 6. What is (your) address? (Their) is the same. (They) live not far from (you). 7. How long are (you) waiting for (us)? 8. (We) asked (them) to live with (us) at (our) summer cottage. 9. Where are (their) glasses? Show (them) to (us). 10. We know (them) very well. (They) are the friends of (ours).

To tables 4.2-4.4: SOME, ANY, NO and their derivatives

Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks with pronouns SOME or ANY.

a. 1. There are ____ photographs in the cupboard. 2. Here are ____ lines from a poem by Wordsworth. 3. There aren’t ____ good films on this week. 4. Don’t take ____ tablets this evening. 5. They’re building ____ new houses in the next street. 6. I don’t have ____ clean shirts. 7. Please buy ____ stamps for me on your way to work. 8. I met ____ old friends at the station yesterday. 9. I won’t leave ____ windows open tonight. 10. She hasn’t written ____ interesting books recently.

b. 1. We wanted to make ____ sandwiches but we found we hadn’t got ____ bread. 2. I left ____ meat on the table and the dog ate it while I was out. 3. He got out his pen to sign the check but there wasn’t ____ ink in it. 4. Please fetch me ____ dry wood to get the fire started. 5. The expansion plans sounded wonderful, but unfortunately the company didn’t have ____ money to pay for them. 6. Don’t leave ____ food in the refrigerator when you go away on holiday. 7. At the concert last night they played ____ music I had never heard before. 8. To try to save money, the firm bought ____ secondhand machinery at a sale. 9. You haven’t done ____ work so you can’t expert ____ pay. 10. ____ French wine is quite sweet.

c. 1. Let me give you ____ advice about learning a language. 2. Try to do ____ studying every day. 3. Even when you think you don’t have ____ time, try and find ten minutes, and learn ____ words. 4. ____ people think that learning a language is something we can do without ____ difficulty. 5. We know that there isn’t ____ truth in that idea. 6. You have to do ____ hard work, or you won’t make ____ progress. 7. With the linguaphone course we’ve tried to make even the hard work enjoyable. 8. So you won’t forget ____ of the exercises, will you?

d. 1. I see…bread. Why haven’t you bought…, Nick? – I had... time to do it. 2. Have ... soup, Helen. - No, thank you. I had… soup at dinner. I don't want… more. 3. Were there... mistakes in your paper? – Yes, there were... (No, there weren’t….). 4. Will there be ... concert after the meeting? – No, there won’t be... concert. 5. Why didn’t they give us … postcards to send?

Task 2. Choose the correct option .

For example :

I'd like some/any tea please.

1. I’m sorry, Sir, but we haven’t got any/no fish. 2. Natalya ate some toasts/toast but I didn't have any. 3. There's/There are some cheese on the table. 4. I didn't give Fiona an/any apple. 5. We had some/any hot chocolate last night before we went to bed. 6. They didn't see some/any bread in the market. 7. Oh dear, there's no/any milk. 8. I haven't got it some/any money for new clothes.
^ MANY, MUCH, FEW, LITTLE