S a klychkov short biography. Klychkov, Sergey Antonovich

Klychkov Sergey Antonovich (1889-1937) - Russian poet-peasant, prose writer and translator, the brightest singer of the fairy-tale world of folk beliefs. He is little known to a wide circle of readers, but the Old Believers consider Klychkov one of the greatest poets of the early twentieth century. He made a huge contribution to the Old Believer cultural heritage. A close connection with the traditional peasant world, attachment to the forest and nature emerges through all his work. All the symbols of the revolution and the proletariat (cars, cities, iron, factory chimneys) were considered by the poet to be an instrument of Satan. Sergei Yesenin called him "a wonderful, truly folk poet" and dedicated his most famous poems to Klychkov.

village roots

Seryozha was born on July 13, 1889 in the Tver province in the small village of Dubrovka. The settlement consisted of 30 houses, and about 130 people lived in the village.

Paternal grandfather, Klychkov Nikita Rodionovich, is a Dubrovsky peasant, a handicraft shoemaker. Grandfather spent most of his life in adventures. Once he first went to Moscow on foot. There he met a girl Dusya (Evdokia Mikhailovna), who worked as a cook for the Polish lords. They got married, and in 1865 the couple had a boy Anton (father of the poet Sergei Klychkov). Later, a daughter Anna was born. However, grandfather could not sit in the village, he left his wife with two children and went on a pilgrimage.

For a whole year Nikita Klychkov walked around the holy places, reached Mount Athos. Stopping somewhere for the night along the way, he helped the peasants, repaired people's shoes, but never took payment for his work.

And then it happened like that: he returned to his native village, rested from a difficult journey, ran a household with his wife, and left again.

Sergei Klychkov (center) with his parents and younger brother

Grandmother, Evdokia Mikhailovna, was a strong and strong-willed woman, she herself drove a forest on her beloved horse Sivka and said: “We will die together with you, Sivko.” As if prophesied to herself, in 1905 they died on the railway under the wheels of a train.

Parents

The poet's father, Klychkov Anton Nikitich, was apprenticed to a St. Petersburg shoemaker at the age of nine. By the age of twenty, he had become an excellent master, married a seventeen-year-old girl, Fyokla Alekseevna Kuznetsova. She was from a peasant family, Fyokla's father was known as a noble blacksmith. The young began to live in Dubrovki, where the head of the family built a wooden house. The future poet Sergey Klychkov was the first child of his parents, his mother gave birth to him in a raspberry forest in the Dubrovsky forest. She brought the screamer home in an apron and at the same time did not even wake up a basket of raspberries.

Parents were engaged in shoemaking together. My father made shoes, and my mother threw a box with made shoes over her shoulders and moved out of the house closer to midnight. She walked for more than a day, and in the morning of the next day she came to Moscow. There she sold shoes to city shops or to campers near the Kremlin wall and back overcame a hundred miles from Moscow to Dubrovka.

With their hard work, the Klychkovs' parents achieved material prosperity. The family built a brick house that looked more like a temple or a castle. Bricks for construction were made by themselves from local clay, then fired in a small factory.

Mom, although she was an illiterate woman, always communicated with others culturally, good-naturedly and simply. On holidays, unnoticed by the family, Fyokla Alekseevna put flour, cottage cheese, bread and other products in the closet for lonely old women and very poor families. A large harvest of apples from her garden, my mother went to sell in Taldom, and always distributed the remaining fruits to the village children.

House of the Klychkov family

Father, despite the fact that he had a slight inclination for vodka, was also a very kind person, he never refused anyone to help. He often treated friends and neighbors with honey and tomatoes. By the way, Anton Nikitovich was the first to plant tomatoes in the village.

Childhood

Fifteen children were born in the Klychkov family, but only five of them survived. Behind such busy parents, grandmothers were more involved in raising their grandchildren. The forest entered the consciousness of little Seryozha from early childhood. Grandmother Evdokia Mikhailovna's hut was located on the edge of the forest, often moose came out of the thick forest, the boy liked to watch them. And in the evenings, my grandmother told fairy tales and fables, in which the forest was filled with living creatures, even bumps and stumps came to life, not to mention the old Leshy.

In winter, the children were sent to Taldom, to their maternal grandmother Ustinya Kuznetsova, where they went to the parish school. This grandmother was a singer famous throughout the district, not a single wedding could do without her. She sang songs to her grandchildren about the mythological creatures that inhabit the forest - the Dubrava princess, the forest beauty Lada, the wonderful Lel playing the silver pipe. In the head of little Seryozha, myths connected with reality, they were with fables, which led to the birth of the first children's poems.

The Klychkov family belonged to the Old Believers, there were no more than 40 families in the entire Taldom Volost. Their church was located in Taldom, Seryozha remembered well what strict icons there were, made of wood with blurred faces. And also books from which the service was read, with red ornate initial letters. Since childhood, Sergei has developed a special relationship to icons, religion, and the church. Even many years later, after the October Revolution, during the period of state atheism, he did not renounce his faith in God.

Most of all, from childhood, the holidays of the Trinity ran into Sergey's memory, every year this day was most expected in the village. Everyone prepared especially carefully for the Trinity - both the rich and the poor. Everything in the houses was washed and swept away, at the entrance they put branches of a young birch with fragrant, barely blossoming leaves. They made new clothes and purchases, put the best food and intoxicating drinks on the table. And then came the joy of the spring holiday. Everything bad was forgotten, shortcomings, need, oppression, a hard life. Everyone, young and old, rejoiced at the bright sun, birch trees, green grass, sang folk songs, danced round dances, and had fun. Sergey was also very fond of getting into round dances, then he often and vividly displayed them in his poems.

From early spring to late autumn, Seryozha helped his parents with the housework. Together with his father, he looked after the bee hives. With younger brothers and sisters from morning to evening he worked in the garden, in the garden and in the field.

And when the sun went down, the whole family gathered in a six-sided arbor in the garden. They had dinner with pies and cottage cheese juices, pancakes and scrambled eggs in milk, potatoes and fried mushrooms. They heated the samovar on dry spruce and pine cones, drank tea with honey and dry raspberries. After dinner, everyone together listened to gramophone records with romances performed by artists Dulkevich and Plevitskaya. And then Sergey began to read Pushkin's fairy tales, Lermontov's poems, sometimes Gogol's prose. He did it like an artist, with expression, and no one wanted to leave, despite the fact that they were tired during the day in the field.

Education

When Sergei graduated from the parish school, the village teacher advised his parents to send their son to study further in Moscow. The father took the boy to enter a real school, but Seryozha failed the entrance exams. Anton Nikitich got angry and began to flog him. The director of the school, Fidler I.I., who passed and saw the execution, found out what was the matter, invited the guy to his place for an interview and accepted him to the educational institution for free.

During his studies, Klychkov began to write a lot of poetry and prose, Moscow inspired him. Now in the works of Sergei Leshy and other forest dwellers have receded into the background, there was something to write about without them. In 1905, he took part in revolutionary riots, and then, fearing arrest, spent several months in Dubrovki in the attic of his parents' house.

In 1907, in the journal "Bulletin of Society. Self-education” and in the almanacs “White Stone” and “Flashes” the first poems and stories of Klychkov were published. But the joy of a literary debut was replaced by sadness from unrequited love. Seryozha rented a house in the merchant's house of Lobov and fell in love with the owner's daughter Evgenia. The girl was indifferent to the poor poet and married another. Young Klychkov wanted to commit suicide, but at that time the poet Sergei Gorodetsky and the playwright Modest Tchaikovsky were nearby, saving him from a stupid step. Modest Ilyich took Klychkov with him on a trip to Italy, where he met A. V. Lunacharsky and A. M. Gorky in Capri.

In 1908, Sergei became a student at Moscow University, but he never finished his studies.

Creation

Since 1909, Klychkov, like his grandfather once, set off to wander around Russia barefoot, with a knapsack over his shoulders and a staff in his hands - along the Volga, to Molokhta near Ivanovo, to ancient monasteries. He always gravitated towards the working common people, he was a man of an open wide soul. In this journey, many poems were born. In 1911, Modest Tchaikovsky again helped Sergei, and with his financial support, the Alcyon publishing house released the first collection of Klychkov's poetry, Songs.

The second collection of poetry, The Secret Garden, was published in 1913. Klychkov's lyrics were distinguished by their simple language, song intonation, and folklore.

When the First World War began, the poet went to the front. He later described everything he saw in the war in the prose work "Sugar German".

After the revolutionary events, Klychkov got a job at Proletkult in the office. During this period, he became especially friends with Yesenin, for some time they even lived together in a room. Together with other poets (Oreshin, Bely), they organized the publishing society "Moscow Labor Artel of Artists of the Word", which released several collections of poetry by Sergei:

"Oakwood";
"Home Songs";
"Wonderful guest."

Only now in his poems notes of hopelessness and despair were clearly traced. The poet wrote that "old Russia has gone astray from the path of Nature." Most of all, he could not put up with the fact that the revolution destroyed the spiritual life of the people, left the peasants without moral support, and instead of a red corner with icons, offered a portrait of the leader.

In 1922, Klychkov got a job as a secretary in the prose department of the Krasnaya Nov magazine. He was given a room in the wing of the Herzen House. Gradually, not only in work, but also in his work, Sergei began to move from poetry to prose, three of his novels were published:

"Sugar German";
"Chertukhinsky Balakir";
"Prince of Peace".

In his works, he said that people should not kill each other, that under the dome of the church, good should overcome evil. The ideologists of the Soviet system regarded such thoughts as counter-revolutionary, Klychkov became not only an outcast writer, but also an outcast citizen.

In 1930, his last collection of poetry, Visiting the Cranes, was published. After that, he wrote all his works "on the table", not even hoping for further publication. He was unclaimed and poor, but this did not break Sergei. The last years of his life, Klychkov was engaged in translations.

Death

It all ended on July 31, 1937. At midnight there was a knock on the house. Sergey kissed his wife, his little son in the crib and left, accompanied by people in military uniform.

With him, the era of peasant poets was leaving. He was inextricably linked with heaven and earth, he did not renounce them even for a minute. And the Bolsheviks had a goal - to destroy the Russian world, its soul and heart, churches and villages, which were the pure, bright and viable that resisted the satanic machine of the proletariat. One of the last Russian village poets doomed himself to the chopping block.

The accusation for the arrest was false, on October 8, 1937 he was sentenced to death, executed on the same day. The poet's burial place is unknown. There are suggestions that his remains are buried in the Donskoy cemetery in Moscow in a mass grave. In 1956, the poet Sergei Klychkov was rehabilitated posthumously.

Soviet literature

Sergey Anatolievich Klychkov

Biography

S.A. Klychkov

Sergei Antonovich Klychkov (village nickname of the Leshenkov family; July 1 (13), 1889 - October 8, 1937) - Russian poet, prose writer and translator.

Born in the village of Dubrovki, Tver province, in the family of a shoemaker, an Old Believer. Participated in the revolution of 1905, in 1906 wrote a number of poems on revolutionary themes. Klychkov's early poems were approved by S. A. Gorodetsky. In 1908, with the help of M. I. Tchaikovsky, he went to Italy, where he met Maxim Gorky. The poet studied at the Faculty of History and Philology of Moscow University (and then at the Faculty of Law; he was expelled in 1913), then, during the First World War, he went to the front; ended the war with the rank of lieutenant. In 1919-1921 he lived in the Crimea, where he was almost shot (by the Makhnovists, then by the White Guards). In 1921 he moved to Moscow, where he collaborated mainly in the Krasnaya Nov magazine.

The verses of Klychkov’s early poetry collections (“Songs: Sadness-Joy. Lada. Bova”, 1911; “Secret Garden”, 1913) are in many ways consonant with the poems of the poets of the “new peasant” non-direction - Yesenin, Klyuev, Ganin, Oreshin, etc. Some of them Klychkov's poems were placed in the "Anthology" of the publishing house "Musaget". Early Klychkov themes were deepened and developed in subsequent collections Dubravna (1918), Home Songs (1923), Wonderful Guest (1923), Visiting the Cranes (1930), whose poems reflected the impressions of the First World War wars, destruction of the village; one of the main images is the image of a lonely, homeless wanderer. In Klychkov's poetry, notes of despair, hopelessness appeared, caused by the death under the onslaught of the "machine" civilization that had gone astray from the path of the Nature of old Russia.

Klychkov wrote three novels - the satirical "Sugar German" (1925; in 1932 it was released under the title "The Last Lel"), the fabulously mythological "Chertukhinsky Balakir" (1926), "The Prince of Measure" (1928).

Klychkov also spoke with critical articles (“Bald Mountain”, 1923; “Affirmation of Simplicity”, 1929), translations (in the 1930s; translated the epics of the peoples of the USSR, folk songs and legends; translated the works of many Georgian poets - G. Leonidze, Vazha Pshavela and others, translated the famous poem by Shota Rustaveli "The Knight in the Panther's Skin").

The poet was closely acquainted with S. A. Yesenin, S. T. Konenkov.

In 1937 Sergei Klychkov was arrested on false charges; On October 8, 1937, he was sentenced to death and shot on the same day. In 1956 he was rehabilitated; in the certificate of rehabilitation, a false date of death is indicated - January 21, 1940, which has passed into some publications.

At present, in the poet's homeland, in the village of Dubrovki, Taldomsky district, Moscow region, there is a memorial museum of Klychkov.

Main works:

Poems:

“I keep singing - because I am a singer” 1910-1911.

"Len" 1913

"The carpet fields are golden" 1914

“The dawn lies like a belt” 1928−29

"Bova" 1910, 1918

"Sadko" 1911−1914

"Madur Vase Winner"

Sergei Antonovich Klychkov (real name Leshenkov) (1889-1937) - Russian writer and poet, prose writer and translator of many Georgian works, folk songs and legends. Born into a family of Old Believers, in the village of Dubrovki, Tver province. He was the son of a simple shoemaker. The writer received his education at the zemstvo school, the Moscow College, as well as at the historical-philological and law faculties of Moscow University. In 1913 he was expelled due to financial difficulties.

He was a participant in the revolution of 1905. During these events, he wrote a number of poems on revolutionary themes. Thanks to the support of M. I. Tchaikovsky, he visited Italy, where he met Maxim Gorky.

In 1910, the poet published his first collection entitled "Songs". During this period, S.A. Klychkov meets such prominent poets as Sergei Gorodetsky, S. Yesenin and N. Klyuev. It is they who influence the formation of his creations.

The following works appear, which are consonant with the poems of the previously mentioned poets - "The Secret Garden" (1913-1918); "Dubravna" (1918); "Ring of Lada" (1919). In his poems, the poet reflects the impressions of the First World War. There is an image of a lonely wanderer, as well as despair and hopelessness.

The writer has three novels to his credit - the autobiographical "Sugar German" (1925), where he left his impressions of military service in Finland, on the Western Front, in the Crimea, the fabulously mythological "Chertukhinsky Balakir" (1926), "The Prince of Measure" ( 1928).

In the 1930s, the writer was subjected to all kinds of pressure, he was oppressed as a "kulak poet".

In 1937, Klychkov was falsely charged and unfairly arrested. October 8, 1937 he was sentenced to death. On the same day he was shot.

In memory of the remarkable poet, a memorial museum was erected in the village of Dubrovki, Taldomsky District, Moscow Region, which operates to this day.

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Sergei Antonovich Klychkov(the village nickname of the family, sometimes used as a pseudonym, - Leshenkov; July 1, Dubrovki, Tver province - October 8, Moscow) - Russian and Soviet poet, prose writer and translator.

Biography

Klychkov wrote three novels - the satirical "Sugar German" (1925; in 1932 it was published under the title "The Last Lel"), the fabulously mythological "Chertukhinsky Balakir" (1926), "The Prince of Peace" (1928). They were conceived as parts of the nine-book Life and Death; the names of the following parts were announced: "Kitezh Peacock", "Grey Master", "Burkan - a Man's Son", "Spas on Blood", "Ghost Russia", "Moose with Golden Horns" - but one of them did not appear in print.

Klychkov's lyrics are connected with folk art, he seeks solace in nature. At first, his poems were narrative, later they were distinguished by certain reflections of a pantheistic, pessimistic nature, but they were always far from any revolutionary. Klychkov's prose reveals his primordial connection with the traditional world of the peasantry and peasant demonology, as well as the influence of N. Gogol, N. Leskov and A. Remizov.<…>Klychkov's novels are not rich in action, they are composed of separate scenes, associative, filled with images from the world of reality and the world of sleep and spirits; the story is told from the perspective of a peasant who loves to talk about various topics, the rhythm of this prose is often very good. The city, cars, iron and factory chimneys, as symbols of the proletarian revolution, turn for Klychkov, with his attachment to the metaphysical world of the village and forest, into tools of Satan.

In 1937, Sergei Klychkov was arrested on false charges, on October 8, 1937 he was sentenced to death and shot on the same day. In 1956 he was rehabilitated. The certificate of rehabilitation indicates a false date of death - January 21, 1940, which has passed into some publications.

Memory

In the poet's homeland, in the village of Dubrovki, Taldom District, Moscow Region, the Klychkov Memorial Museum was created.

Compositions

I am with the gift of clear speech,
And I honor our language
And not sheep's bleating
And not cow myk!

“I must be a cripple…”, 1929

Songs. - M.: Alcyone, 1911
The Secret Garden: Poems. - M., Alcyone, 1913 - 90 p. (2nd ed. - M., 1918)
Oakwood: Poems. - 1918
Ring of Frets: Poems. - M., 1918. - 60 p.
The Wonderful Guest: Selected Poems. - Moscow; Petrograd: State Publishing House, 1923
Home songs: the fifth book of poems. - Moscow; Petersburg: Circle, 1923
Sugar German. - M., 1925
Chertukhinsky Balakir. - M., 1926
Last Lel. - 1927
Talisman. Poems. - L., 1927
Prince of Peace. - 1928
Visiting cranes. Poems. - M.: "Federation", 1930
Saraspan: poems. Folklore adaptations and translations. - M.: Fiction, 1936

In 2000, the Collected Works of S. A. Klychkov was published in two volumes (compilation, preparation of the text, comments by M. Nikyo, N. M. Solntseva, S. I. Subbotin. - M .: Alice Lak). in 2011 he published a collection: "Research and materials on the results of the international scientific conference dedicated to the 120th anniversary of the birth of S. A. Klychkov."

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Notes

Literature

Cossack V. Lexicon of Russian literature of the XX century = Lexikon der russischen Literatur ab 1917 / [trans. with him.]. - M. : RIK "Culture", 1996. - XVIII, 491, p. - 5000 copies. - ISBN 5-8334-0019-8.

An excerpt characterizing Klychkov, Sergey Antonovich

Caraffa returned to my life about two weeks later, on an early sunny morning, very self-confident, fresh and happy, and entering the room, he joyfully said:
– I have a surprise for you, Madonna Isidora! I think you will like it very much.
I immediately broke out in a cold sweat - I knew his "surprises", they did not end well ...
As if reading my thoughts, Caraffa added:
It's really a pleasant surprise, I promise you. You will now see it for yourself!
Door opened. And a fragile tall girl entered it, carefully looking around... Horror and joy fettered me for a second, not allowing me to move... It was my daughter, my little Anna!!!.. True, it was already difficult to call her little now , because in these two years she has greatly stretched and matured, becoming even more beautiful and even sweeter ...
My heart rushed to her with a cry, almost flying out of my chest! .. But there was no hurry. I did not know what the unpredictable Caraffa was up to this time. Therefore, it was necessary to keep very calm, which was almost beyond my human strength. And only the fear of making an irreparable mistake restrained my raging emotions rushing out like a hurricane. Happiness, horror, wild joy and fear of loss simultaneously tore me to pieces!.. Caraffa smiled contentedly at the produced effect... which immediately made me shudder inside. I didn’t even dare to think what might happen next ... And I knew that if something terrible happened, the desire to protect Anna might be too strong to resist Caraffa ... and I was terribly afraid that I could not refuse him so that he didn't ask for it.
But, to my greatest surprise, his “surprise” turned out to be a real surprise! ..
– Are you glad to see your daughter, Madonna Isidora? - Karaffa asked, smiling broadly.
“It all depends on what happens next, Your Holiness…” I answered cautiously. But, of course, I'm overjoyed!
“Well, enjoy the meeting, I'll pick her up in an hour. Nobody will disturb you. And then I'll go after her. She will go to a monastery - I think this is the best place for such a gifted girl as your daughter is.
- Monastery? But she was never a believer, Your Holiness, she is a hereditary Witch, and nothing in the world will make her be different. This is who she is and she can never change. Even if you destroy her, she will still remain a Witch! Just like me and my mother. You can't make her a believer!
- What a child you are, Madonna Isidora! .. - Caraffa laughed sincerely. - Nobody is going to make her a "believer". I think she can serve our holy church well by remaining exactly who she is. And possibly even more. I have far-reaching plans for your daughter...
- What do you mean, Your Holiness? And what's with the monastery? I whispered with stiff lips.
I was shaking. All this did not fit in my head, and so far I did not understand anything, I only felt that Caraffa was telling the truth. Only one thing scared me half to death - what kind of "far-reaching" plans could this terrible person have for my poor girl?! ..
- Calm down, Isidora, and stop expecting something terrible from me all the time! You provoke fate, you know... The fact is that the monastery I'm talking about is very difficult... And outside of its walls, almost not a single soul knows about it. This is a monastery exclusively for Veduns and Witches. And it has been standing for thousands of years. I have been there several times. I studied there... But, unfortunately, I did not find what I was looking for. They rejected me ... - Caraffa thought for a moment and, to my surprise, suddenly became very sad. “But I'm sure they'll like Anna. And I am also sure that they will have something to teach your talented daughter, Isidora.
– Are you talking about Meteora*, Your Holiness? Knowing the answer beforehand, I asked anyway.
From surprise, Caraffa's eyebrows crept onto his forehead. Apparently he didn't expect me to hear about it...
– Do you know them? Have you been there?!
“No, my father was there, Your Holiness. But then he taught me a lot (later I wildly regretted that I told him this ...). What do you want to teach my daughter there, Holiness?! And why? .. After all, in order to declare her a Witch, you already now have enough evidence. Anyway, later on you will try to burn her like everyone else, right?! ..
Caraffa smiled again...
- Why did you cling to this stupid idea, Madonna? I'm not going to do any harm to your sweet daughter! She can still serve us wonderfully! For a very long time I was looking for the Witch, who is still just a child, to teach her everything that the "monks" in Meteor know. And so that she would later help me in the search for sorcerers and witches, such as she herself once was. Only then will she already be a witch from God.
Caraffa did not seem crazy, he WAS him ... Otherwise, it was impossible to accept what he was saying now! It was not normal, and therefore it scared me even more.
– Forgive me if I misunderstood something, Your Holiness... But how can there be Witches from God?!..
– Well, of course, Isidora! - Sincerely amazed at my "ignorance", Caraffa laughed. – If she uses her knowledge and skill in the name of the church, it will come to her already from God, since she will create in His name! Don't you understand this?
No, I didn’t understand!.. And this was said by a man with a completely sick imagination, who, moreover, sincerely believed in what he was talking about!.. He was incredibly dangerous in his madness and, moreover, had unlimited power. His fanaticism crossed all boundaries, and someone had to stop him.
“If you know how to make us serve the church, then why are you burning us?!..” I ventured to ask. “After all, what we have cannot be bought for any money. Why don't you appreciate it? Why do you keep destroying us? If you wanted to learn something, why not ask me to teach you?..
– Because it is useless to try to change what is already thinking, madonna. I can't change you or anyone like you... I can only scare you. Or kill. But it won't give me what I've dreamed of for so long. Anna, on the other hand, is still quite small, and she can be taught to love the Lord without taking away her amazing Gift. It is useless for you to do this, because even if you swear to me faith in Him, I will not believe you.
“And you will be quite right, Your Holiness,” I said calmly.
Caraffa got up, about to leave.
- Just one question, and I beg you to answer it ... if you can. Your protection, is she from the same monastery?
- Just like your youth, Isidora ... - Karaffa smiled. - I'll be back in an hour.
So, I was right - he received his strange "impenetrable" protection right there, in Meteora !!! But then why didn't my father know her?! Or was Caraffa there much later? And then suddenly another thought dawned on me!.. Youth!!! That's what he sought, but did not receive Karaff! Apparently, he had heard a lot about how much they live and how real Witches and Vedunas leave the “physical” life. And he wildly wanted to get it for himself ... in order to have time to burn the remaining "disobedient" half of the existing Europe, and then dominate the rest, portraying the "holy righteous man" who mercifully descended to the "sinful" earth in order to save our "lost souls".
It was true - we could live a long time. Even for too long ... And they "left" when they were really tired of living, or they believed that they could no longer help anyone. The secret of longevity was passed from parents to children, then to grandchildren, and so on, as long as at least one exceptionally gifted child remained in the family who could adopt it ... But not every hereditary Witch or Witch was given immortality. It required special qualities, which, unfortunately, were not awarded to all gifted descendants. It depended on the strength of the spirit, the purity of the heart, the "mobility" of the body, and most importantly, on the height of the level of their soul... well, and much more. And I think it was right. Because for those who were eager to learn everything that we, real Veduns, could do, a simple human life, unfortunately, was not enough for this. Well, for those who did not want to know so much, a long life was not needed. Therefore, such a tough selection, I think, was absolutely correct. And Caraffa wanted the same. He considered himself worthy...
My hair began to stir when I just thought about what this evil person could have done on Earth if he had lived so long! .. Date of death: Occupation:

poet, prose writer and translator

Years of creativity: Direction:

new peasant poetry

Genre:

poem, novel, verse translation

Works on the site Lib.ru in Wikisource.

Sergei Antonovich Klychkov(the village nickname of the family, sometimes used as a pseudonym, - Leshenkov; July 1 (13) ( 18890713 ) , Dubrovki, Tver province - October 8) - Russian and Soviet poet, prose writer and translator.

Biography

Klychkov's lyrics are connected with folk art, he seeks solace in nature. At first, his poems were narrative, later they were distinguished by certain reflections of a pantheistic, pessimistic nature, but they were always far from any revolutionary. Klychkov's prose reveals his primordial connection with the traditional world of the peasantry and peasant demonology, as well as the influence of N. Gogol, N. Leskov and A. Remizov.<…>Klychkov's novels are not rich in action, they are composed of separate scenes, associative, filled with images from the world of reality and the world of sleep and spirits; the story is told from the perspective of a peasant who loves to talk about various topics, the rhythm of this prose is often very good. The city, cars, iron and factory chimneys, as symbols of the proletarian revolution, turn for Klychkov, with his attachment to the metaphysical world of the village and forest, into tools of Satan.

Perhaps his ashes are in a mass grave at the Donskoy Cemetery in Moscow.

At present, in the poet's homeland, in the village of Dubrovki, Taldomsky district, Moscow region, there is a memorial museum of Klychkov. Media reports (October 2009) that the museum is not functioning, and the museum building is being destroyed.

Compositions

I am with the gift of clear speech,
And I honor our language
And not sheep's bleating
And not cow myk!

“I must be a cripple…”, 1929

Songs, 1911
Hidden garden. Poems, 1913, 2nd ed. - M., 1918
Oak forest. Poems, 1918
The guest is wonderful. Poems, 1923
Home songs. Poems, M. 1923
Sugar German, M.1925
Chertukhinsky balakir, M.1926
The Last Lel, 1927
Talisman. Poems, L.1927
Prince of Peace, 1928
Visiting cranes. Poems, 1930
Saraspan. Folklore adaptations and translations, 1936

Notes

Literature

Cossack V. Lexicon of Russian literature of the XX century = Lexikon der russischen Literatur ab 1917. - M .: RIK "Culture", 1996. - 492 p. - 5000 copies. - ISBN 5-8334-0019-8

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Klychkov, Sergey Antonovich in the library of Maxim Moshkov
Sergey Klychkov "Around the World"

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Klychkov Sergey Antonovich

Klychkov Sergey Antonovich- (1889 1937), Russian writer. From “peasant romanticism” in lyrics (collections “Songs”, 1911, “Secret Garden”, 1913) transition to anxiety about the destruction of moral roots in the modern village (collections “Home Songs”, 1923, “Visiting Cranes” ... encyclopedic Dictionary

KLYCHKOV Sergei Antonovich- KLYCHKOV (real name Leshenkov) Sergey Antonovich (1889 1937) Russian writer. From peasant romanticism in lyrics (collections Songs, 1911; Secret Garden, 1913) to anxiety about the destruction of moral roots in the modern village (collections Domashnye ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Klychkov, Sergei Antonovich- (Leshenkov). Genus. 1889, mind. 1937. Writer. Works: "Sugar German" (novel, 1925), "Chertukhinsky Balakir" (novel, 1926), "Visiting the Cranes" (collection, 1930). Repressed… Big biographical encyclopedia

Klychkov Sergey Antonovich- (real name Leshenkov; 1889–1940) - Russian. writer. Genus. in a shoemaker's family. Member of the 1st World War. Began to be printed in 1908. Author of poetic. sb kov "Songs" (1911), "The Secret Garden" (1913), the novels "Sugar German" (1925), "Chertukhinsky Balakir" ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of Nicknames

Sergei Antonovich Klychkov- Name at birth: Sergey Antonovich Leshenkov Date of birth: July 1 (13), 1889 (18890713) Place of birth: Dubrovki, Tver province Date of death ... Wikipedia

Klychkov, Sergey- Sergey Antonovich Klychkov Name at birth: Sergey Antonovich Leshenkov Date of birth: July 1 (13), 1889 (18890713) Place of birth: Dubrovki, Tver province Date of death ... Wikipedia

Sergei Klychkov- Sergey Antonovich Klychkov Name at birth: Sergey Antonovich Leshenkov Date of birth: July 1 (13), 1889 (18890713) Place of birth: Dubrovki, Tver province Date of death ... Wikipedia

Klychkov Sergey Antonovich
(1889 - 1940)

Klychkov (real name - Leshenkov) Sergey Antonovich (1889 - 1940), poet, prose writer.
Born on July 1 (13 n.s.) in the village of Dubrovka, Tver province, in the family of a shoemaker. He studied at a rural school, then he was already "writing poems." Later he took a course of study in Moscow at the school of I.I. Fidler. In 1906 - 08 he began to publish his poems ("The peasant got up", "Whirlwind", "Hymn to freedom" were published in the anthology "At the Crossroads" in 1906.
In 1908 he entered the Faculty of History and Philology of Moscow University, studied with S. Solovyov, who had a certain influence on Klychkov. In the same year he was in Italy, where he met M. Gorky and A. Lunacharsky.
In 1911, the first collection of Klychkov's poems "Songs" was published in Moscow, which was a great success with readers, critics, and most importantly, with the masters of the poetic workshop. N. Gumilyov, V. Bryusov, M. Voloshin wrote about Klychkov's poetry. In one of his letters of this time there are these words: "Now I know that I have a talent ... Only this is the salt and meaning of my dissolute life for me!"
In 1913, the second collection, The Secret Garden, was published, met with the same enthusiasm as the first. Then he met S. Yesenin, a friendship with whom lasted for many years. Subsequently, they were co-authors of several works - "Cantata", the screenplay "Calling Dawns", etc.
The First World War changes Klychkov's life. He was drafted into the army, served in the Baltic, then in the school of ensigns in Finland. During the civil war, the poet was twice sentenced to death: once by the Makhnovists, another time by the Whites. By chance, Klychkov survived.
I met the revolution with enthusiasm ("How not to sing and pray ..."). In 1918, the poetic collection "Dubravna" was published, in 1919 - "The Ring of Lada", in 1923 - "The Wonderful Guest". All these and subsequent collections of poems speak of the fruitfulness of the folklore-romantic direction he chose.
In the 1920s, he turned to prose - the novels "Sugar German" (1925); "Chertukhinsky Balakir" (1926); "The Last Lel" (1927); "Gray master" (1927); "Prince of Peace" (1928); he wrote his last novel in collaboration with V. Popov - "Prosperity" was published in 1934.
After the death of S. Yesenin, a campaign of attacks on peasant poets intensified; it did not pass Klychkov either. With his article in defense of the poetry of the "peasant merchant woman" ("On a hare that lights matches"), he incurred the particular indignation of the fighters against "kulak literature." In 1930, his last book of poems, Visiting the Cranes, was published, angrily received by critics.
Klychkov was forced to do translations. In the 1930s, his transcriptions of the epic works of the peoples of the USSR were published. The collection of selected translations of Klychkov "Saraspan" includes Mari folk songs, works by G. Leonidze, V. Pshavela, A. Tsereteli and others.
In July 1937 Klychkov was arrested and soon (in October of the same year) shot. Posthumously rehabilitated.
Brief biography from the book: Russian writers and poets. Brief biographical dictionary. Moscow, 2000.