How many children does the heroine mother have in Russia? Honorary title "mother heroine". What benefits have been and will be provided?

By Decree of the Presidium Supreme Council USSR dated July 8, 1944, it was established that a mother who gave birth and raised ten children is awarded the highest degree of distinction - the title "Mother Heroine". The regulations on the honorary title “Mother Heroine” and the Order “Mother Heroine” were approved by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated August 18, 1944.

The title “Heroine Mother” was awarded when the last child reached the age of one year and if there were other children of this mother alive.

When assigning the title "Mother Heroine" the following children were also taken into account:

- adopted by mother in established by law ok;

- killed or missing in action while defending the USSR or while performing other duties military service, or when fulfilling the duty of a citizen of the USSR to save human life, for the protection of socialist property and socialist legal order, as well as those who died as a result of injury, concussion, injury or illness received under the specified circumstances, or as a result of a work injury or occupational disease.

Mothers who were awarded the title "Mother Heroine" were awarded the Order "Mother Heroine" and the Certificate of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

The Order "Mother Heroine" was worn by the recipients on the left side of the chest and, if the recipient had other orders and medals, was placed above them.

The badge of the Order "Mother Heroine" is a golden convex five-pointed star against a background of silver rays radiating in the form of a five-pointed star, the ends of which are placed between the ends of a gold star.

The size of the order between the opposite ends of the silver star is 28 mm. The height of the order including the block is 46 mm.

As of September 18, 1975, the gold content in the order was 4.5±0.4402 g, the silver content was 11.525±0.974 g. The gold purity was 583. The total weight of the order was 17.5573±1.75 g.

The badge of the order is connected by means of an eye and a link to a figured metal plate covered with red enamel. On the plate there is a raised inscription “Mother is a heroine”. The edges of the plate and the inscription are gilded. The plate has a pin on the reverse side for attaching the order to clothing.

For the first time, the title “Mother Heroine” was awarded to 14 women on October 27, 1944. Order No. 1 was received by a resident of the Moscow region, Anna Savelyevna Aleksakhina, a mother of 12 children. Eight of her sons fought with the enemy, four of them were killed, and two more died of wounds after the war.

Currently, the Order "Mother Heroine" No. 1 is kept in Historical Museum in Moscow.

In the 40 years since the title “Mother Heroine” was approved, more than 750 thousand women have received it. Since 1991, the honorary title “Mother Heroine” has not been awarded.

In February 2013, a bill on the title “Mother Heroine” was submitted to the State Duma Russian Federation". The honorary title "Mother Heroine of the Russian Federation" is proposed to be established as the highest degree social difference a woman who gave birth and raised five children under the age of 8, including those adopted by a citizen of the Russian Federation.

The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources

The first Mother Heroine award was presented in 1944, when mothers raising 10 or more children were required to make a lot of effort to adequately raise and support their children in post-war period. Then the woman received a certificate from the Presidium of the Armed Forces, benefits, increased benefits, enrollment of children in a preschool educational institution without a queue, an apartment from the state, and so on. With the collapse of the USSR, the honorary title was no longer awarded, as were benefits and other privileges given to women.

What analogues does the Mother Heroine award have?

Along with the “Mother Heroine” award, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet in 1944 also approved a motherhood medal of two degrees for raising 5-6 children and an Order of Maternal Glory of three degrees for raising 7-9 children. None of the three awards listed in given time does not apply, but in 2008 the President of the Russian Federation (at that time the President was D.A. Medvedev) established the Order of “Parental Glory” by his decree, and 2 years later the second award was approved - the medal of the Order of “Parental Glory”.

The only condition for receiving the award was previously the raising of a certain number of children - this was enough for the woman to receive the order. Nowadays, many stringent requirements are imposed on applicants, but not only the mother of children, but also the father of the family can receive the award.

Conditions for receiving awards for raising children

Previously, the Mother Heroine award was awarded to more than 10,000 women annually, and today only 2 families from each region can apply for the order, and even then subject to following conditions:

all children, mother and father must be citizens of the Russian Federation;
the family lives permanently in Russia;
Stillborn children are not taken into account, as well as those who died after birth (only daughters and sons who died during the performance of civil, military, official duties, missing under similar circumstances and who died due to work-related injuries and illnesses can be taken into account);
youngest child must be at least 3 years old;
adopted children must be raised by foster parents at least 5 years;
children must be provided with all amenities, all their needs must be taken into account, they must be brought up with dignity, attend cultural events, etc.;
parents should not have a criminal record, and children should not be registered with the commission for minors;
the family must be complete, parents must register an official marriage.

For raising how many children the Mother Heroine award was awarded?

The title of mother-heroine was awarded for raising 4 or more children, but in modern world A third of Russian families fall into this category, and therefore the conditions for receiving the Order of Parental Glory have become more stringent - now to receive the order you need to raise at least seven children. In this case, the degree of relationship between children and parents does not play a role.

The medal of the Order of “Parental Glory” can be awarded to a family with only 4 children. Again, the family must meet all the requirements, be complete, self-sufficient, exemplary.

How is the Order of Parental Glory awarded?

Parents, in order to become applicants for the Order of Parental Glory, must have a petition from the leadership of the Municipal Administration. Parents should not:

have a criminal record or violated laws;
give all or some children full state support;
be deprived of parental rights or have limited rights in relation to children.

The settlement administration or USZN employees submit documents for consideration to special commissions, which make a decision within a month. Then the resolution is approved by the regional governor and sent for consideration to the President of the Russian Federation.

After 3 months it becomes known whether the family will be awarded the award or not. If the decision of the Head of Russia is positive, parents and all children are invited to the ceremonial presentation of the Order of Parental Glory in the Kremlin, in Moscow.

What documents are needed to receive the Order of “Parental Glory”

Benefits and allowances for holders of the Order of “Maternal Glory”

Firstly, immediately upon presentation of the order, the family is entitled to a payment of 100 thousand rubles. Secondly, the family has the opportunity to receive a number of benefits that significantly make life and raising children easier:

tax deductions for children, education, treatment;
registration of a mortgage, farm and own enterprise on preferential terms;
discounts on travel to public transport within the region;
restriction of the employer's right to dismiss a parent with many children;
priority right to obtain a permanent job (mother, father, children);
admission to a university on a preferential basis;
visiting cultural events once a month without payment;
vouchers to sanatoriums and resorts for parents and children;
walk-in service at the clinic;
free medicines for children under 6 years of age;
the right to improved living conditions;
50% discount on utility bills;
breakfasts and lunches at school without payment;
enrollment of children in preschool educational institutions in the first place.

Legislative acts on the topic

Common mistakes

Error: The mother, who has a criminal record, has become an exemplary teacher of her 7 children and is applying for the Order of Parental Glory.

By 1944, it had already become clear who would win the war. However, our country is faced with another problem - damage has been caused in all areas of life. The losses numbered millions of people, mostly men, and it was necessary to solve demographic problem. Therefore, the government decided to encourage women and provide assistance in raising and maintaining children. It was then that the Order of the Mother Heroine was established.

Order "Mother Heroine"

The regulations on the order stated that it was intended for mothers who managed to give birth and raise at least ten children. Along with the order, the honorary title “Mother Heroine” was also introduced.

The title and order were given to women when the youngest child reached the age of one year, provided that at that moment all other children were alive. The exception was children who died while performing military or official duties, if they were related to the defense of the Motherland. Children taken into the family or adopted who were deprived of parental care were also taken into account.

The awarding of the order took place with some special features; it was accompanied by the presentation of a special certificate from the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces. Such a letter contained an indication of the right of its owner to receive benefits and privileges provided for by law. Appearance the charter has changed over time. They issued Large and Small Certificates.

The first orders were awarded in October 1944, and 14 women received them. At first they wanted to present the order number 1 to a communist woman, but since there were non-party members among them, Aleksakhina received this order. She gave birth to and raised 12 children, more than half of whom fought and four died. In total, over the history of the award, about 430 thousand women received it.

Mother heroine poster

Description

The badge of the order consisted of two parts. The first part was a pentagonal figure, which was made of silver. The second part was made of gold and was a five-pointed star. These two parts were fastened together using three rivets. Sometimes the third part of the order is also distinguished - a block made of gilded silver and covered with red enamel with the inscription “Mother Heroine”. On back side there was a pin with which the order was attached to clothing.

The reverse is smooth and has three rivets that connect the first two parts. In the center of the order there is a mark in two lines - “Mint”. Below is the order number.

Collectors distinguish the following types of orders, the peculiarity of which is the variants of the hallmark and serial number.

The first version had a stamp and numbers applied manually with a punch. The numbers of such an order have minimum value 51. This option had three varieties:

The first had a large stamp with the length of the first word about 9 mm. The sign is found in early copies, around 9–11 thousandths.
The mark on the second variety was small. The first word did not exceed 6 mm in length, and the height of both lines was approximately 1.5 times less than in the first variety. This number is mainly found in the range of 10–31 thousand. Almost all examples have a serial number located above or between the rivets.
The latter variety has a medium mint mark. About 7 mm is occupied by the word “Coin” in this case. The line height is greater than in the previous one, found in the range of 30–39 thousand.

Some collectors noted differences in the location of the rivets: the distance between them varied, and accordingly, four more subtypes were identified:

6.5 mm - this was the distance of the order with number 351;
7.2 mm - orders with numbers up to 3000;
5.4 mm - orders with numbers in the range of 6–10 thousand;
8.8 mm - approximately from 11 to 40 thousand.

In the second version, the “Mint” mark was made in raised letters, the numbers were also applied by hand, numbers 38959–90347. Varieties are considered to be large medium and small mint marks. However, this division is very arbitrary. It is determined only by such a parameter as the length of the word “coin” and does not take into account many other varieties, such as: the difference in the spelling of the letters “M” and “D”, the position of the short word above the letter “Y” and others. There are many more variations of the stamp, there is simply no possibility according to the available this moment information to classify them.

The third option has a mint mark applied in large letters and an instrumental bearing of the serial number of the order.

Duplicates and documents

In case of loss of the award, no replacement was provided. In some exceptional cases the issuance of a duplicate was permitted. This occurred provided that the loss of the order occurred as a result of a natural disaster or military action, and also if it could not be prevented in any way.

In this case, on the back of the order, the letter “D” was added to the number corresponding to the number of the lost one. There were applications using both stamping and gravel. In rare cases, the letter “D” might be missing from duplicates. It happened that to issue duplicates, awards that were made but not presented were used. In this case, the number on them was erased and refilled.

The following documents were included with the medal:

a special charter issued by the Presidium of the Supreme Council, called the Great Charter;
certificate, or Small Diploma.

The special certificate was made in the form of a book, on the cover of which there was National emblem and the inscription “Mother Heroine”. Inside there was a place for a photograph, on the next page it was indicated who received the order, how many children the woman raised, and there was a seal of the Presidium of the Supreme Council and the signatures of the chairman and secretary. Over time, this letter changed somewhat:

In the first half of the 40s, the coat of arms on the cover had 11 ribbons, in the second - 16. Since 1960, this coat of arms has had 15 ribbons.
Before 1967, there was a signature line under the photo of the recipient; after 1967, there was no line.
Before 1972, the number of children was recorded manually, after that - by typography.
In 1980, “with the award of the Order of Mother Heroine” was also added to the phrase about conferring the title.
In the second half of the 80s, the signature of the secretary of the USSR PVS was removed.
1990 - instead of “Mother Heroine” - “Union of Soviet Socialist Republics", as well as "USSR President Gorbachev".

The certificates contained a provision on the presentation of the order on the right side with the seal and signature of the secretary of the PVS of the USSR and on the left - information about who received the order. In addition, information is provided on the benefits to which the awardee was entitled. It also changed:

in 1948 the phrase about advantages and benefits was removed;
in the 60s they began to put the signature and seal of the secretary of the USSR PVS, and in 1967 they were completely removed.

In the 80s, the surname of the recipient was removed, and the phrase “awarded with the order” was replaced with “awarded the order,” as in the Great Certificate. From the second half of the 80s, the document number was moved from the third spread to the first.

In addition to the Order of the Mother Heroine, there were also awards provided for raising and giving birth to a smaller number of children.

Medal of Motherhood

The medal was established by Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces in 1944. Women who gave birth and raised five or six children received the Motherhood Medal. She had two degrees, the first being the highest.

Mothers who gave birth to and raised five children were awarded a medal of the second degree, and six - the first. The conditions were the same: the youngest child had reached the age of one year and the remaining children had to be alive at that time.

The First Class Motherhood Medal was made of 925 sterling silver and was in the shape of a circle. There were 16 grams of silver in the medal. The front side depicted a mother and child. At the top left there was an asterisk with rays diverging from it. A laurel wreath was depicted around the circumference. At the bottom there was the inscription USSR on a ribbon.

The reverse side of the medal had an image of a hammer and sickle and the inscription “Motherhood Medal”. All images and inscriptions were convex. The Second Class Maternity Medal was similar, except that it was made of bronze.

Order of Mother's Glory

Established in 1944 by the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces. The Order of Maternal Glory was awarded to mothers who gave birth and raised from seven to nine children. This order had three degrees. Those who had seven children were given the order of the third degree, eight - the second, nine - the third.

Order of Mother's Glory

The order of the first degree was made of silver, it had the shape of an oval and was convex. At the top was a flying banner covered in red enamel, on which was inscribed “Mother’s Glory” and the degree of the order.

Under the banner there was a shield covered with enamel white, it had the inscription “USSR” on it. At the top of the shield there was an asterisk covered with red enamel. An oxidized hammer and sickle were placed at the bottom of the shield. The bottom of the order had gilded leaves, and the inscriptions were also gilded.

The badge of the Order of Mother's Glory, second degree, was somewhat different from it. The banner was covered with dark blue enamel and there was no gilding on the leaves located below. The order of the third degree had no enamel on the shield or banner or gilding on the leaves. There was slightly less than 20 grams of silver in all three orders.

The “Mother Heroine” Order, despite the fact that it is made of gold, is not very popular among collectors. It is believed that average price This award is approximately $500. Price of some other orders and medals highest degree starts from several thousand. Perhaps this is due to the rather large circulation, and, accordingly, to its high prevalence.

Mother heroine - how many childrenmust a woman have to receive this honorary title? We will tell you in our article how many children a mother-heroine needs to have in order to be considered a “heroine of our time,” where to apply to obtain this status and what awards she can expect.

Do the title “Mother Heroine” and the Medal of Motherhood exist?

Let's first look at the question of how many children a mother-heroine must have to receive such an honorary title and is it even awarded at the present time? We answer: today such a title does not exist in our country.

During the existence Soviet Union this title was awarded to mothers of large families who raised 10 or more children - at the same time, at the time the title was assigned, the youngest of the children had to be at least 1 year old, and all other children had to be alive. At the same time, there were such awards as the “Motherhood Medal” and the orders “Mother Heroine” and “Maternal Glory”.

If we talk about the origins of these awards and honorary titles, it should be noted that the period of their birth fell during a difficult period for the entire country - the Great Patriotic War. The country was experiencing a difficult demographic situation, and this became one of the ways to encourage women who are so hard times kept their children.

Now there is talk about reviving the title of “Heroine Mother” and providing a number of benefits to women awarded it. A bill “On the establishment of the honorary title “Mother Heroine of the Russian Federation” has already been developed.” In accordance with the provisions of this bill, women awarded the title “Mother Heroine of the Russian Federation” are offered benefits in the amount of 1 to 7 subsistence minimums (depending on the number of children), provide benefits for utility bills and provide financial assistance when children enroll in higher educational establishments. In addition, the state proposes to allocate cars and land to such families, as well as to provide assistance in obtaining a loan for the purchase of housing.

The condition for conferring the title, and, accordingly, receiving state aid is the presence of a woman with 10 or more living children (the youngest of them must be at least 1 year old). In addition, all children must have Russian citizenship.

It should be noted that Russian legislation does not share the rights of natural children and adopted children, so even families in which all the children (or some of the children) were adopted will be able to receive the title and financial assistance.

Is the order/medal “Maternal Glory” issued?

Such an award as the order/medal “Maternal Glory” is also not awarded today, since it was introduced during the existence of the Soviet Union. But this does not mean at all that large families are not encouraged in any way and the state does not pay attention to them: instead of the mentioned award, the medal of the Order of Parental Glory was introduced.

The medal of the Order of Parental Glory is awarded to families who have raised or are raising 4 or more children. Today this is an analogue of the Motherhood medal. It should be said that not only those children who were born into the family are taken into account, but also those who were adopted. In this case, the youngest child at the time of presentation of the order must be at least 3 years old, all children must be alive. The exception is cases of death of children while on duty. labor responsibilities, in connection with the performance of service or the performance of their civic duty, as well as other cases provided for by law.

It is also important to note that only those families who have provided their children with harmonious intellectual, physical, cultural, spiritual and moral development, lead a healthy and socially adapted lifestyle, serve good example strengthening the institution of family and raising children.

For similar services in strengthening the institution of the family, they are also awarded the Order of Parental Glory. Moreover, there are 2 forms of the order: for men and for women.

Nothing can compare with the emotions a mother experiences when her baby is born. To support parents and provide them with some benefits, the state level provides for the presentation of the Mother Hero Award for mothers who have given birth to 4 babies.

In the last century, it was considered the norm for a family to have more than 5 children. Often, especially in villages, it was about 10 boys and girls who were born to one woman. Of course, it was not easy to constantly feed so many kids, especially in view of the lack of a nutritious diet and quality things, but many families succeeded.

To support such parents, the Order “Mother Heroine” appeared in the USSR in 1944. This award was given only to those mothers who gave birth to 10 or more boys and girls, in gratitude for their birth and decent upbringing.

It was believed that every mother raising a large number of children should have such a title in order to increase the demographic level and birth rate in the country. After all, these indicators decreased significantly during the Great Patriotic War due to the death of many people who did not manage to become parents in the pre-war period.

Women raising 10 or more minors could count not only on receiving the appropriate certificate, but also on a number of benefits. For example, such a mother receives various benefits and discounts on utility bills.

The description of such an award suggests that a mother could receive such a title not only for the birth of her babies, but also for adopting children from the maternity hospital. At the same time, the diploma was issued only if, at the time of delivery, the youngest son or daughter was no older than 1 year, and all other minors were alive at that time.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, this benefit was abolished.

Modern analogue of “Parental Glory”

The USSR-era Order “Mother Heroine” was abolished simultaneously with the collapse of the Union and the transition to new legislation, so in Russia, in 2019, it is not valid.

By Presidential Decree No. 775 in 2008, a new Order of “Parental Glory” was established, which can only be received by parents with many children. The first award took place at the beginning of 2009, for success in raising children.

What does it mean to receive the status of “Parental Glory” from the Soviet Order of “Mother of the Heroine”? Now the award can be given to both parents who are raising 4 or more children in their family. It is also envisaged that such families will receive additional certificates and a one-time payment in the amount of 50,000 rubles.

Parents can also receive additional status raising 7 or more children. This is an order and its miniature copy, which can be worn on special occasions. "Maternal Glory" looks like a bow made of silk ribbon, and a similar award for the father of children is a pentagonal block.

Many people believe that in Soviet time persons awarded an honorary title could count on receiving more benefits, for example, getting your own living space, good payments for the maintenance of minors. Now the legislation of the Russian Federation does not provide for anything like this. In some regions local authorities they still give such families some benefits, for example:

Benefits for utility bills ( or compensation for money spent);
Providing an emergency place in kindergarten;
Trips for children to resorts.

How many children do you need to have to get the title?

How to get an award for parenting large quantity minors in the family? The type of award and the possibility of receiving it directly depends on how many children are being raised in the family.

Mother's medal 1st and 2nd degree is given for raising 6 and 5 children;
The Order of "Maternal Glory" 1-3 degrees is given for the birth of 7 to 9 babies.

An innovation in the opportunity to receive this award in 2019 is the strict selection of families who can apply for this title. Now it is not enough for a family to have many children, the number of which is sufficient to have such a sign.

According to the requirements defined in Executive Order 1099, parents who meet the following conditions can count on receiving the award:

Parents are married;
Parents created favorable conditions for their children;
Proper care for all adopted children as if they were our own;
The youngest child in the family must be at least 3 years old;
The family must have adopted children under 5 years of age.

Since the state has limited the number of persons who can count on receiving such a benefit, the regions have also limited the ability to qualify for such an award. So, for example, in individual regions, only 2 families per year can apply for such a sign.

What benefits can you expect?

If in Soviet times the Order “Mother Heroine” provided for the possibility of receiving various benefits and benefits, then The law of the Russian Federation does not provide for this.

Now families are given the opportunity to receive only those benefits that are provided for by regional legislation: emergency places in kindergartens, compensation for utility bills.

At the moment, a bill is being considered that provides for payments and benefits for holders of the “Parental Glory” award. It is planned that such people will have the right:

Receiving a benefit in the amount of one for holders of a 3rd class medal;
Payment of 7 times the amount for single mothers as a social pension;
Reducing utility bills;
Preferential admission for children to universities.

A large family will have the right to receive such benefits only if the youngest in the family is already 1 year old. Moreover, each parent must have citizenship of the Russian Federation.