Generalization lesson on world history 11. Successful passing of tests and tests

The proposed edition contains answers to all the questions in the textbook “World History, XIX - early XXI centuries. 11th grade" (author B.S. Koshelev. Minsk: BSU Publishing Center, 2009).
The manual is addressed primarily to schoolchildren who have difficulty completing assignments on world history, as well as their parents to check their homework.
Independent analysis of task completion, rather than simple cheating, will develop practical skills in students.

PREFACE................................................... ..3

§ 1. World history: meaning and purpose................5

§ 2. Civilizational heritage of the Ancient World and the Middle Ages.................................................... ......eleven

§ 3-4. At the origins of industrial civilization (XVI-XVIII centuries).................................................... ...17

SECTION I

COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD IN THE 19TH - EARLY 20TH CENTURIES...................28

§ 5. Place of the 19th century. in world history.........................28

§ 6. Industrial revolution of the 19th century.................................36

§ 7. France and Europe in the era of the Napoleonic wars.................................................... ....................45

§ 8. Europe in the era of national movements and revolutions.................................................... .........52

§ 9. Western countries in the second half of the 19th - early 20th century.................................................... ...............59

§ 10. The Russian Empire in the 19th - early 20th centuries.......67

§ 11. Science, literature and art in the 19th - early 20th centuries.................................... .............85

§ 12. The crisis of traditional society in the countries of the East.................................................... ...............93

SUMMARY TO SECTION I....................................100

SECTION II

THE WORLD IN THE XX - EARLY XXI centuries....................................123

§ 13. The beginning of the crisis of industrial society.... 123

§ 14. First World War....................................134

§ 15. Creation of the Versailles-Washington system of international relations........................139

§ 17. Western countries in the interwar period............158

§ 18. Establishment of fascist regimes in Europe.....162

§ 19. The Soviet state in 1917-1939................167

§ 20. Development of science and culture in the interwar period.................................................... ...............181

§ 21. Countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America in the interwar period....................................................188

§ 22. On the way to a new world war....................................196

§ 23-24. World War II and Great Patriotic War............................202

§ 25-26. The world in the second half of the 20th century: general characteristics....................................218

§ 27. Western Europe and the creation of the European Union.................................................... 226

§ 28. USSR in 1945-1991....................................235

§ 29. Russian Federation.................................250

§ 30. Countries of Eastern Europe....................................259

§ 31. The collapse of the colonial system and the problems of development of the “third world” countries.....271

§ 32-33. Science and culture in the second half of the 20th - beginning of the 21st centuries....................................280

SUMMARY TO SECTION II...................................290

CONCLUSION: THE WORLD AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURY......312

Vydavnitstvo: "Adukatsy i vyhavanne"
Date of birth: 2012
Sides: 264
File format: pdf

Dear eleventh graders!

This year you will continue to study the history of modern times. You have to consider the stage of world development that began after the Second World War.

The textbook consists of an introduction and four sections. The “Introduction” gives a general description of the development of the post-war world, which allows us to see the general problems and trends that determine the current stage of its history. The first three sections examine the development of individual regions of the world: the USA and European countries; USSR and Russian Federation; countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America. Given the increased global interdependence of all regions of the world, the last, fourth, section examines international relations and problems affecting the whole world as a whole.

Each paragraph of the textbook begins with the heading “Remember.” The information presented in the headings “Historical Document”, “Historical Portrait” and “Historical Information” expands and complements the educational material of the paragraph. The “We invite you to discuss” section presents tasks that focus on controversial issues that do not have a clear answer. Each section ends with a generalization lesson, the purpose of which is to summarize and systematize the material studied.

Repeating and generalizing lesson on general history on the topic:

"The Second World War"

Markelova Olga Gennadievna, history and social studies teacher

The purpose of the lesson:

Summarize the material covered on World War II, consolidate knowledge of specific events, dates, additional informative material using various cognitive tasks.

Involve students in an active creative cognitive process through independent judgment, development of interest, sharpening of attention processes, active activation of memory.

To develop in students a sense of patriotism, pride in the heroic past in the struggle for freedom and independence of the entire world community, respect for courage and bravery as qualities of heroes of the Second World War, love for the Fatherland.

Develop auditory and visual perception, communicative speech of students;

Cultivate interest in the subject

To form the personal qualities of students: a sense of camaraderie, responsibility, mutual assistance, the ability to work in a team.

Equipment: computer, screen, presentation for the lesson, questions in envelopes for each team, sheets of paper, pens.

Progress of the game

Hello dear guests!
(music)
We are pleased to welcome you to our elite club “What? Where? When?"!
Today there are 2 teams playing: "Northern Amur", team captain - ___________ against "Vikings"", Captain _______________.
Dear club members and spectators!
During the game, you must carefully monitor the progress of the discussion and at the end choose the best player.
And now I will introduce you to the rules of the game!
You see a game board on the screen.
Teams must answer 12 questions. For each correct answer the team is given 1 point. If a team cannot give the correct answer, then the right to answer passes to another team.
Question 13 – BLITZ. These envelopes contain 4 questions that team players must answer quickly. Responses must be submitted in writing.

One minute is given to discuss the issue. After a minute has elapsed, a sound signal sounds, after which the teams must submit their answers in writing to the presenter within 20 seconds. After 20 seconds, a second beep sounds, after which no more responses from commands will be accepted. The presenter quickly looks through the sheets with the commands’ answers and reads them out, without naming the commands, "original answers".
Then The correct answer is pronounced, and the results of the first question are recorded on the scoreboard. The more correct answers, the more points the team will receive.

Whichever team has more points wins the game.

Once during the game, experts can take help from spectators.
So let's start the game! GONG
Game questions:

Here are photographs of two atomic bombs dropped by the Americans on August 6 and 9, 1945, on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

What did the Americans call them? ( Fat Man, Baby)

"Desert Fox". Who got this nickname? ( E. Rommel)

Hitler did not consider Stalin his main enemy in the USSR, as one might think. Namely this person. The Soviet authorities carefully guarded him, Hitler announced a reward of 250 thousand marks for his head.

Name this person. ( Yu. Levitan)

5. By what principle is the series formed?

Tehran 1943, Yalta (Crimea) 1944, Potsdam 1945 ( leadership conferences

three countries of the anti-Hitler coalition) 6. What does the photograph say? ( Nuremberg trial) 7. Identify historical figure:

A) They said about him:

Sholokhov M: “He walks, smiles, and his eyes are like a tiger.”

Bukharin N: “Genghis Khan, who read K. Marx”

B) His aliases: “Balabust”, “Pockmarked”

IN) He himself said: “A prince is made from dirt.” “Power and Glory cannot exist without blood” ( Stalin) 8. Define concepts based on their language:

1.F - - - - m - ideology that united a group of the most aggressive circles in Germany with the goal of establishing world domination ( Fascism)

2. A - - - - - - i - military invasion with the aim of destroying the independence and integrity of another state. ( Aggression)

3. K --------- I - payments collected by the victorious state from the defeated state ( Contribution)

9. Match the concepts and definitions:

1. Denazification

a) mass extermination of Jews during WWII

2. Lend-Lease

b) persons and organizations that collaborated with the occupiers during the Second World War

3.Holocaust

4.Collaborationism

d) compensation by the defeated state for the damage it caused to the victorious state

5. Reparations

e) the liquidation of the Nazi party and its structures in Germany after the war

6. Deportation

f) agreement on the loan or lease of weapons and ammunition

10. Give names to the logical series:

1. Barbarossa, Ost, Sea Lion, Typhoon ( code names for Nazi plans)

2. Bagration, Uranus, Concert, Ring ( code names of military operations of the USSR)

11. Guess the historical figure: General of the Wehrmacht. He led the 6th Army. Was surrounded and captured at Stalingrad (Paulus)

12.What code names were the following military operations in World War II?

Nazi-German plan for a lightning war against the USSR? – "Barbarossa".

Fascist German plan to seize Czechoslovakia? – "Grun."

Nazi-German plan to conquer the peoples of Eastern Europe? – "Ost."

Nazi-German plan to capture Moscow? – "Typhoon".

Nazi-German plan to encircle Soviet troops near Kursk? – "Citadel".

Fascist German plan to invade Great Britain by sea?– "Sea lion".

13. Blitz – questions: (in envelopes)

Questions for the teams:

What is Anschluss? Which country was subjected to the Anschluss? (the policy of forced annexation of Austria to Germany)

What was the name of the fascist dictator from Italy? (B. Mussolini).

What is the Holocaust ? (Jewish Question)

When was the Soviet-German non-aggression pact signed? (08/23/1939)

What was the name of the war on the Western Front? (“Strange, sedentary")

Who headed the government in the part of France that was not occupied by the Nazis? (Marshal Petain)

1.Who organized the Free France movement after emigrating from the country? (General de Gaulle) 2.What was the name of the patriotic, anti-fascist and international movement in Europe? ("Resistance movement). 3.The fate of which state was decided at the Munich Conference? (Czechoslovakia) 4.What were called death factories ?(concentration camps) 5. Name the date of Nazi Germany’s attack on the USSR. (June 22, 1941) 6. What was the name of the law under which loans were provided to warring Western countries, which was adopted by the US Congress at the suggestion of F. Roosevelt ? (Lend-Lease) 7.What is the date of the end of World War II? ? (2 September 1945)

Summarizing. Congratulations to the winners. Grading.

a modern lesson for students who can work independently.

"I option"

Option I			Option II
	Fifth Republic			Resignation of Charles de Gaulle
	"Red May" 1968
	Creation of the Unified Energy System
	Politics "Mitterranism"
	Reign of M. Thatcher
				The reign of Margaret Thatcher
				Ulster crisis
	1958 Algerian mutiny

Option I			Option II
Which of the following events relate to the history of France?			Which of the following events relate to the history of Great Britain?
	First test and use of the atomic bomb			Speech by W. Churchill in Fulton
	Fifth Republic			Resignation of Charles de Gaulle
	The effectiveness of modernization has been proven by “big projects” - the supersonic Concorde, the Ariane rocket.			Granting independence to India
	"Red May" 1968			The appearance of the group "The Beatles"
	Creation of the Unified Energy System			Political pendulum – Conservatives - Labor
	Politics "Mitterranism"			Accession to the throne of Elizabeth II
	Reign of M. Thatcher			There is a “special relationship” with the United States
	Assassination of President D.F. Kennedy			The reign of Margaret Thatcher
	"Project of the Century" - Channel Tunnel			Ulster crisis
	1958 Algerian mutiny

Option I			Option II
Which of the following events relate to the history of France?			Which of the following events relate to the history of Great Britain?
	First test and use of the atomic bomb			Speech by W. Churchill in Fulton
	Fifth Republic			Resignation of Charles de Gaulle
	The effectiveness of modernization has been proven by “big projects” - the supersonic Concorde, the Ariane rocket.			Granting independence to India
	"Red May" 1968			The appearance of the group "The Beatles"
	Creation of the Unified Energy System			Political pendulum – Conservatives - Labor
	Politics "Mitterranism"			Accession to the throne of Elizabeth II
	Reign of M. Thatcher			There is a “special relationship” with the United States
	Assassination of President D.F. Kennedy			The reign of Margaret Thatcher
	"Project of the Century" - Channel Tunnel			Ulster crisis
	1958 Algerian mutiny

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"Germany after the Second World text"

Germany - after World War II
Results of the war for Germany
The Second World War ended tragically for Germany: the level of industrial production barely reached one third of the pre-war level; the standard of living has decreased; there was a shortage of fuel; The purchasing power of money has fallen.
Germany lost its independence, its territory was divided into 4 occupation zones. To resolve general issues regarding Germany, a Control Council was created consisting of the commanders-in-chief of the Allied forces.
Following the decisions of the Crimean and Potsdam conferences, the Allies pursued a three-D policy towards Germany:
1) demilitarization - the liquidation of the German armed forces and their disarmament;
2) denazification - prohibition of Nazi organizations, repeal of Nazi laws, punishment of war criminals;
3) democratization - the transformation of Germany into a democratic, peace-loving state.
Since Western states and the USSR had different attitudes towards the policy of the three “Ds” and used the occupation for their own purposes, pursuing a unified policy towards Germany was impossible.
The beginning of the Cold War and the confrontation between former allies made the split of Germany inevitable.

Split of Germany
Fearing the strengthening of the “Soviet threat,” Western countries abandoned the plan to economically weaken Germany and stopped taking reparations from it. In June 1948, a monetary reform was carried out and the Reichsmark was replaced by the Deutschmark. Inflation was stopped, the “black market” disappeared, production and construction grew, and a market economy was formed.
In response to monetary reform in the Western sectors, the USSR placed West Berlin under blockade. This event accelerated the decision of European countries to create a West German state. Back in December 1946, the British and American occupation zones merged, and at the beginning of 1947 the French zone joined them.
The Constitution of the German Federal Republic came into force in May 1949. According to the Constitution, the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) was declared a parliamentary republic. The Bundestag, a bicameral parliament, became the highest legislative authority. Unlike the Weimar Constitution, the president was not elected by universal suffrage, but at a meeting of the Bundestag and had limited powers. The head of government is the Federal Chancellor. His candidacy was nominated as the leader of the party that won the elections and was approved by the Bundestag. The Constitutional Court could overturn any law that contradicts the constitution. The capital of Germany became the city of Bonn.
In September 1949, the leader of the Christian Democratic Union, Konrad Adenauer, became Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany.
On October 7, 1949, the German Democratic Republic was created in the Soviet zone of occupation. East Berlin became the capital of the GDR.

"Economic miracle" and its reasons
Reasons for the “German miracle” - the accelerated development of the German economy:
a) material assistance in the amount of $3.6 billion received from the United States under the Marshall Plan;
b) lack of military expenditures and the army until the mid-50s;
c) a large amount of cheap labor.
Mechanical engineering, electric power, the chemical and steel industries developed at a particularly rapid pace in Germany.
In foreign policy, Germany leaned towards the United States, and this strengthened its position in the international arena. In 1951, the occupation regime was abolished on the territory of Germany. In 1955, Germany joined NATO, and in 1957 - the EEC. The historical feud between France and Germany has come to an end. The FRG refused to recognize the GDR and called for a boycott of it by the entire international community. In 1956, the activities of the German Communist Party were banned.

Social Democrats in power
In the 1960s, L. Erhard was Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany. Then the “Grand Coalition” government, composed of Christian Democrats and Social Democrats, came to power. In the program of the German Social Democratic Party, the ultimate goal was the construction of democratic socialism
In 1969, the “Small Coalition” government led by the leader of the Social Democrats W. Brandt came to power. Wages and pensions increased, production councils were created at enterprises, limiting the arbitrariness of the administration.
Principles for the implementation of the “New Eastern Policy” of the Brandt government:
1) Refusal of the Cold War, respect for the real balance of forces;
2) Normalization of relations with the countries of Eastern Europe that suffered from Hitler’s aggression, primarily with the USSR and Poland;
3) Recognition of the German Democratic Republic.

As a result of the government's "Eastern Policy":
1. The post-war borders of Eastern Europe were recognized.
2. Interstate relations with the GDR were established.
3. Agreement was reached on the status of West Berlin.
All this meant the end of the policy called “Munich domination.” The economic crisis that broke out in 1974 affected Germany much less than other countries.
It became known that one of V. Brandt’s employees was an intelligence agent of the GDR, and in 1974 Chancellor Brandt resigned.
Social Democrat G. Schmidt, who replaced him in this post, continued the political line of V. Brandt. In 1982, after 13 years, the Christian Democrats came to power again. CDU leader Helmut Kohl became Federal Chancellor. His government cut taxes and government spending, took steps to weaken the government's role in regulating business, and to encourage fair competition. Since 1983, the country began an economic recovery.

The path to the unity of the German people
Helmut Kohl achieved the unification of Germany. The symbol of the division of Germany - the Berlin Wall - was dismantled in 1989.
On September 12, 1990, negotiations took place under the “2+4” formula (Germany, East Germany + USA, USSR, Great Britain, France). A treaty for a final settlement regarding Germany was signed. On October 3, 1990, Germany reunified. G. Kohl became the first Federal Chancellor of a united Germany.
In 1998, Social Democrat G. Schröder came to power. Today, the post of Chancellor of Germany is occupied by Angela Merkel. Currently, the German economy is developing steadily and dynamically. Both in the West and in the East, Germany pursues a balanced policy.

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"Demilitarization"

Demilitarization

Denazification

Democratization

Decartelization

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“Lesson topic: Germany in the 40s-60s of the 20th century”

Lesson topic: Germany in the 40s-70s of the 20th century

Purpose of the lesson: Systematization of knowledge on the history of Germany in the 40s-70s

Understand the content of the historical period in the economic, political and social aspect of the development of Germany during this period,

Be able to justify your opinion, highlight the main thing, record

Draw conclusions, generalize

Lesson type: combined.

Lesson plan:

Org moment. Setting goals for the lesson.

Checking your homework (match the country and the event). Project competition. Criteria in the folder.

Activation of knowledge. Challenge: What do you know about post-war Germany? Who can say that “serves it right”? And who empathizes with the common people of the country?

Learning new material. Work in small groups. Criteria for presenting group work in a folder.

Group 1 – Consequences of the war for Germany. Page 24. Explain mini posters

Group 2 - Restoration of political parties. Page 24-25. Explain using a diagram

Group 3 – The Split of Germany. Germany and the GDR. Page 25-26. Reliance on expert sheets.

4th group. Talk about the economic development of Germany under Adenauer's rule. Page 26-27. Support circuit

Group 5 – Draw a graph of the economic growth and decline of the German economy in the 60-70s. Page 27-28

Preparation time 7 minutes

Presentation of works for 2-3 minutes. Which work did you think was better, the criteria are in the folder.

Reflection. What turned out better than usual? What didn't work out at all? What needs to be done at home?

Homework paragraph 5, make a short speech about the outstanding leaders of this period in Germany (both in Germany and the GDR)

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“Germany in economic crises 50”

Germany in the conditions of economic crises of the 50-60s.

Construct a graph of economic indicators in Germany based on the data:

in 1951-55 the growth rate was 12.3%, in 1961-65 - 5.4%, in 1966-67 there was a crisis of overproduction - no growth, 1974-75 - a drop in the rate of development by 2.1%, in 1980-82 - an increase of 2%, at the end of the 80s - an increase of 3.1% of GDP.

Percentage of growth or decline

Years, periods