South Pole from space. Rare photographs of Roald Amundsen - the first man to reach the South Pole

Already in the 70s, the first photographs of the North Pole with its huge hole in the center of the earth appeared round shape. So why were these facts hidden from the public eye?

Most satellite images of both poles turned out to be shaded or blurred. But the good news is that today more and more pictures and videos are appearing indicating that these holes exist.

The South Pole turned out to be even more interesting. Judging by photographs from 1992, it turns out that the hole occupies 1/3 of the entire Antarctic, swallowing 18 parallels.

Theories that the Earth is hollow and inhabited inside were expressed back in the 19th century. That the North and South Poles are entrances to the underworld. The next hypothesis was that inside the planet there is its own sun, which supports internal life.

Science of the 20th century completely refuted these ideas, citing the fact that knowing the mass of the earth, the thickness earth's crust and other indicators, they are groundless. Well, just in case, I hid information about huge holes at both poles of the globe.

But research was still carried out. In 1947, Vice Admiral Richard Byrd led an expedition to the North Pole. He noticed a bright spot of color. As he approached, it seemed to him that he saw forests, rivers, meadows with animals that looked like mammoths. Then he saw unusual flying cars and beautiful city with crystal buildings. And what was most strange was the air temperature, which rose to +23 degrees Celsius - this was absolutely impossible for the North Pole.

In his diary, the vice admiral wrote that he communicated with the inhabitants of the underworld, who in their development were thousands of years ahead of earthlings. Representatives inner world They turned out to be similar to people, but more beautiful and more spiritual. They had no wars and had their own energy resource. Bird was further told that they had tried to establish contact with people earlier, but all their attempts were perceived incorrectly, and that some of their equipment was destroyed. After which they decided that they would contact the outside world only in the event of its probable self-destruction. Residents of the “inner” land showed all their achievements and escorted Richard to the “outer” world. Upon returning home, it turned out that the plane had used 2,750 km of fuel.

For the rest of his life, Vice Admiral Byrd was under constant surveillance and was advised not to tell anyone what he saw.

That’s why Google covered it with a screen, and in the old version (more transparent) it was clear that there was no ice in the center. The Moon, which I saw around May 18, was in a hurry to the South. And among all the fables there is one that claims that at the South Pole there is an entrance to the center of the Earth, as well as a masking fable about a Nazi base.

In February, Argentina experienced its worst drought in 50 years. The drought killed 300 thousand heads of cattle. Farmer losses amounted to at least $600 million in the province of Santa Fe alone (this province lies between 28° and 34°).

At the end of February, severe fires began in southern Australia (30°-40°). It burned throughout March, but we managed to cope with the disaster, although there were isolated outbreaks back in April.

Meanwhile: fires in Mexico in March; fires in the southern USA since the beginning of April (in the south of California - since the beginning of May); the worst drought in 80 years in Brazil in April; severe drought in India since mid-April (hundreds of people die from the heat).

What about our Antarctica?

In January 2009, a high-ranking Russian delegation visited Antarctica (did they accept new suns?). The TV footage showed a very bright, high-standing Sun.

From the forum:

Others build all sorts of conspiracy theories, refer to trips of the establishment and the political elite to Antarctica... (Hee hee).

The dynamics of the progress of the heat since February are in good agreement with the act of acceptance at the end of January - the thermal suns came out to the places of deployment (by the way, in 2010 no such cataclysms occurred: all the suns have long been in their places).

Meanwhile, in Antarctica, the ice bridge connecting the Wilkins Ice Shelf (opposite South America) with the mainland, and at the end of April it began to collapse. At the same time, in May, information was announced that there were no signs of warming in Antarctica (the luminaries had left and the weather had returned to normal).

Got closer new winter. In Transbaikalia, in the first week of September, 20 cm of snow fell and record cold came. What about the suns?
And they go to a base in Antarctica (for maintenance and recharging?). This combination of temperature maps has already come across several times:

On August 14, a thermal spot suddenly appears in Antarctica (above the scale maximum of 10°), and on the 15th, a new thermal sun flares up in the middle of South America, which disappears after a couple of days, leaving only a stationary sun in the north of South America. This corresponds to leaving after recharging, but there are also reverse pictures (with arrival), unfortunately, not so clear, since maps of Antarctica are often either not updated at all, or are given with large white gaps. It is difficult to collect statistics to trace the correlation (maps are not saved, and there is no way to sit and monitor around the clock).

And finally, the question arises: “How are the suns recharged?”

From the forum:

A familiar pilot from civil aviation said that at altitudes of 9000 km there is increased x-ray radiation. If earlier, when they flew to the USA and back to Russia via the North Pole in violation of all civil transportation standards and received 5 BER doses in one flight, now the same picture is in the lower latitudes. This suggests that the “fire” of space has approached the surface of the Earth. Many types of ailments: rapid fatigue, sudden rise and fall in temperature, wandering pains in the skeleton, hepatic discharge to the surface of the skin, headaches and unexpected increase in blood pressure, etc. and so on.

Key word spoken: radiation!

The suns run on the same nuclear fuel that was exported from Russia (by the way, Ukraine transfers its uranium reserve to us for storage). That's why chemtrails are needed: they really protect the earth from radiation! Hiding the luminaries and hiding space information- only by-product. That’s why birds don’t fly to the South (usually they are seen flying in cloudy weather), and after the radioactive fog they die out en masse (like bees, frogs, and plankton). That’s why I feel so bad after walking down the street, and for some reason I don’t want to take a shower. That is why the Penza prisoners hid underground, hoping to escape.

08.10.2009:

As explained to “MK” in Rospotrebnadzor, in Lately Complaints of poisoning by pine nuts have become more frequent. Moreover, in various parts of the country - from Moscow to Tyumen. In this case, all victims exhibit the same symptoms: a pronounced and persistent bitterness in the mouth that does not stop for several days, as well as general weakness and mild nausea.

But throughout the second half of summer the suns stuck out in Siberia!

There is another aspect that can be tied to the suns.
Interesting Google image (border between Norway and Sweden):

What is hidden white circle in the center of Antarctica, of course.
But what could this square be hiding?
Here is a lower resolution image (from another program):

What are these red spots?

Similar ones were found in other places, also closed.

But in remote Siberia they were too lazy to close:

And looking at them, another version arises: this is the discharge of waste fuel from the sun.

Therefore, desert areas are chosen. That's why it was so hot in the summer in Siberia.

In development of the version: satellite images.

Fires in northern Australia (the Indonesian sun only hits the north);
smoke from fires is visible.

But the fires in Siberia - smoke from the fires is not visible in the upper part of the image, and in the lower part it is not very clear whether it is smoke or clouds.
Maybe it's not fires?
And in Australia there is no smoke from single spots.

Pink snow fell in the Stavropol Territory, yellow snow fell in Crimea. The next day they said: it’s okay, it’s just that sand was brought in from Africa, this already happened in 2008 and 2009.

P.S. When the material had already appeared on the Internet, my old friend told me about two funny incidents from her life. She twice met pilots who carried out regular flights to Antarctica. Distinguished by extreme curiosity, she, almost already in bed, began to pester them with questions. There was only one scenario: with their tails fluffed, they talked about the flight, about the countries under their wing, but as soon as the story reached the details of their arrival in Antarctica, their eyes glazed over, they apologized for being forced to urgently leave, got dressed and disappeared forever.

It would seem a strange hobby to travel to the poles of our planet. However, for Swedish entrepreneur Frederik Paulsen, it became a real passion. It took him thirteen years to visit all eight poles of the Earth, becoming the first and so far the only person who did this.

Achieving each of them is a real adventure!

South geographic pole - a point located above the geographic axis of rotation of the Earth

The geographic South Pole is marked with a small sign on a pole driven into the ice, which is moved annually to compensate for the movement. ice sheet. During the ceremonial event, held on January 1, a new South Pole sign, made by polar explorers last year, is installed, and the old one is placed at the station. The sign contains the inscription “Geographic south pole”, NSF, date and latitude of installation. The sign, erected in 2006, bore the date when Roald Amundsen and Robert F. Scott reached the Pole, and small quotes these polar explorers. The flag of the United States is installed nearby.

Near the geographic South Pole there is the so-called ceremonial South Pole - a special area set aside for photography by the Amundsen-Scott station. It is a mirrored metal sphere standing on a stand, surrounded on all sides by the flags of the Antarctic Treaty countries.

June 1903. Roald Amundsen (left, wearing a hat) makes an expedition on a small sailboat

"Gjoa" to find the Northwest Passage and simultaneously establish the exact location of the north magnetic pole.

It was first opened in 1831. In 1904, when scientists took measurements again, it was discovered that the pole had moved 31 miles. The compass needle points to the magnetic pole, not the geographic pole. The study showed that over the last thousand years, the magnetic pole has moved significant distances from Canada to Siberia, but sometimes in other directions.

The geographic coordinates of the North Pole are 90°00′00″ north latitude. The pole has no longitude, since it is the intersection point of all meridians. The North Pole also does not belong to any time zone. The polar day, like the polar night, lasts here for approximately six months. The depth of the ocean at the North Pole is 4,261 meters (according to measurements by the Mir deep-sea submersible in 2007). The average temperature at the North Pole in winter is about −40 °C, in summer it is mostly about 0 °C.

This is the north pole of the dipole moment geo magnetic field Earth. It is now located at 78° 30′ N, 69° W, near Toul (Greenland). The earth is a giant magnet, like a bar magnet. The geomagnetic North and South poles are the ends of this magnet. The North Geomagnetic Pole is located in the Canadian Arctic and continues to move in a northwesterly direction.

The North Pole of Inaccessibility is the northernmost point in the Arctic Ocean and the furthest from land on all sides.

The North Pole of Inaccessibility is located in the pack ice of the North Arctic Ocean at the greatest distance from any landmass. Distance to North geographic pole 661 km, to Cape Barrow in Alaska - 1453 km and on equal distance 1094 km from the nearest islands - Ellesmere and Franz Josef Land. The first attempt to reach the point was made by Sir Hubert Wilkins in an airplane in 1927. In 1941, the first expedition to the Pole of Inaccessibility by plane was carried out under the leadership of Ivan Ivanovich Cherevichny. The Soviet expedition landed 350 km north of Wilkins, thereby being the first to directly visit the northern pole of inaccessibility.

The south magnetic pole is a point on the earth's surface at which the earth's magnetic field is directed upward.

People first visited the South Magnetic Pole on January 16, 1909 (British Antarctic expedition, Douglas Mawson determined the location of the pole).

At the magnetic pole itself, the inclination of the magnetic needle, that is, the angle between the freely rotating needle and earth's surface, equals 90º. From a physical point of view, the Earth's magnetic south pole is actually the north pole of the magnet that is our planet. The north pole of a magnet is the pole from which power lines magnetic field. But to avoid confusion, this pole is called the south pole, since it is close to the South Pole of the Earth. Magnetic pole shifts several kilometers per year.

At the South Geomagnetic Pole, which was first reached by the sleigh-and-tractor train of the Second Soviet Antarctic Expedition led by A.F. Treshnikov on December 16, 1957, the Vostok scientific station was created. The south geomagnetic pole turned out to be at an altitude of 3500 m above sea level, at a point 1410 km away from the Mirny station located on the coast. This is one of the harshest places on Earth. Here, the air temperature stays below -60° C for more than six months of the year. In August 1960, the air temperature at the South Geomagnetic Pole was 88.3° C, and in July 1984 a new record low temperature- 89.2° C.

The South Pole of Inaccessibility is the point in Antarctica that is farthest from the coast of the Southern Ocean.

This is the point in Antarctica that is furthest from the Southern Ocean coast. There is no general consensus about the specific coordinates of this place. The problem is how to understand the word "coast". Either draw the coast line along the border of land and water, or along the border of the ocean and ice shelves of Antarctica. Difficulties in determining land boundaries, the movement of ice shelves, the constant flow of new data and possible topographical errors all make it difficult precise definition pole coordinates. The pole of inaccessibility is often associated with the Soviet Antarctic station, located at 82°06′ S. w. 54°58′ E. d. This point is located at a distance of 878 km from south pole and 3718 m above sea level. Currently, the building is still located in this place, and there is a statue of Lenin on it, looking towards Moscow. The place is protected as historical. Inside the building there is a visitor's book that can be signed by the person who reaches the station. By 2007, the station was covered with snow, and only the statue of Lenin on the roof of the building was still visible. It can be seen from many kilometers away.

We invite you to look the best photos from space over the past year.

1. Sunset for the shuttle.

While astronauts and cosmonauts often encounter striking views of the Earth's limb, this rare image is unique because it also captures the silhouette space shuttle Endeavor. The photo was taken by a crew member of the International Space Station during the shuttle's landing on February 9th. The orange layer shown in the image is the Earth's troposphere, which contains clouds and forms the planet's weather. This orange layer gives way to a whitish stratosphere, followed by the mosesphere.

2. Star birth vortex

This image taken Oct. 19 by the Hubble Space Telescope shows spiral galaxy NGC 3982, located about 68 million light-years from Earth in the constellation Ursa Major. The colors in the photo have been adjusted to highlight hydrogen-rich star formation regions (pink) as well as young stars (blue). Old stars are concentrated in the white-yellow core of the galaxy.

3. Hot and fleecy Sun

Astrophotographer Alan Friedman set up a webcam and telescope in front of a high-end filter to capture this stunning view of the Sun from his backyard in Buffalo, New York. Using a special hydrogen alpha filter, Friedman was able to look at the red part light spectrum and film the reaction of hydrogen in the solar atmosphere. On October 20, the photo was retouched to give the Sun the orange hue of a Halloween pumpkin.

4. Gaze of the Sun

According to scientists, this photo, taken at the California Solar Observatory called Big Dipper, represents the clearest view of a sunspot ever captured in visible light. The photo was taken on August 24 to celebrate the incredible success in the study of sunspots. Scientists call such spots “the gaze of the Sun.” This is another reason not to look at a bright light - at the same moment it can stare at you.

5. Martian trees

This photo was taken with a camera high resolution at NASA's Mars Exploration Orbital Station on January 14, 2010. It seems that palm trees grow on the Red Planet. But scientists say those dark trunks are just dirt brought to the surface by landslides when frozen carbon dioxide melts, exposing the surrounding sand dunes. north pole Mars.

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Unusual images of Mars show the illusion that trees grow on the planet. Clouds of dust that naturally erupt near the planet's north pole create structures that surprisingly resemble trees in shape. “But don’t let yourself be fooled - it’s just optical illusion"say NASA scientists.

6. Our house from space

The silhouette of the Earth's horizon is clearly visible in this image against the contrasting darkness of space. The photo was taken on February 9 from the space shuttle Endeavor as it approached the station for docking.

7. Casting a Big Shadow

A satellite photo shows the long shadow cast by the Burj Khalifa building in Dubai. The image was taken from an altitude of 400 miles by the GeoI-1 satellite. The Burj Khalifa building is known as the tallest building in the world. Its height is 2,717 feet (828 m).

8. Hanging in outer space

Astronaut Nicholas Patrick works on the International Space Station's new observation deck, known as the Dome. The picture was taken on February 17 during the astronaut's space walk. The orbital observation post Dome is equipped with seven windows, which provides excellent opportunities to see the Earth from space.

9. Night of Two Moons

Light surface ice satellite Saturn's Dione is clearly visible against the foggy and ghostly background of Titan. This photo was taken on April 10 by the Cassini orbiter and published on June 21.

10. Beautiful background

This photo clearly shows Bottom part space shuttle Discovery. The photo was taken on April 17 from the International Space Station some time after the shuttle separated from the station. A distinct silhouette on Earth is South part Isle de Providence is about 150 miles off the coast of Nicaragua. The island belongs to Colombia.

12. Happy twentieth anniversary, Hubble
This Hubble Space Telescope image released April 22 reveals the chaotic activity of a towering column of gas and dust stretching across three light years. Currently, this glow is absorbed by the bright light of neighboring stars. Turbulent cosmic activity is located at the site of active star birth in the Carina Nebula, located 7,500 years from Earth in the southern part of the constellation Carina. The photo was published in honor of the 20th anniversary of Hubble's launch.

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The Hubble team is celebrating the 20th anniversary of the orbiting observatory's launch with a new image from the space telescope showing a column of dust and gas in the Carina Nebula.

12. Facing disaster

A small plane, shown in the upper left of the photo, flies over an oil spill in Gulf of Mexico after an explosion on the transoceanic deep-sea drilling platform Horizon. This photo was taken from space on April 26 by DigitalGlobe's QuickBird satellite.

13. Swan song in space

Space Shuttle Atlantis docked with the International Space Station in orbit on May 17. Atlantis conducted a 12-day mission to deliver new Russian-made equipment and replacement batteries. The shuttle crew is scheduled to retire due to retirement in 2011.

14. Northern lights in space

This striking picture of the dawn phenomenon was captured on the International Space Station during geomagnetic storm, most likely caused by mass ejections in the solar corona on May 24. The space station at that moment was flying over southern part Indian Ocean.

History: Impressive phenomena aurora at the Earth's south pole were captured by the cameras of astronauts on the International Space Station during the last solar storm.

15. Sky walkers

Skywatcher Michael Jager from Stixendorf, Austria, took this image of Comet McNaught on June 6th while heavenly body it was clearly visible in the morning sky.

History: The comet surprises.
A newly discovered comet surprises skywatchers by becoming brighter than first thought and is now visible even to the naked eye.

16. Volcano Eyeball

Partly cloudy over Manam volcano Papua New Guinea June 16, like the thin blue-gray volcanic plume above the crater, became a topic of discussion at the summit. The bright white clouds may have been the result of a volcanic eruption of water vapor, or they may have had nothing to do with it. volcanic activity. This photo was taken by the camera on board NASA satellite, observing the Earth, known as EO-1.

17. Spread of the spill

NASA's Aqua satellite captured images of the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico on June 26. Cameras on Earth-observing satellites captured sunlight reflected back into space from the surface of oil slicks.

18. Asteroid close-up

This view of the largest asteroid ever visited spacecraft, was compiled from three different images taken by the European Space Agency's Rosetta probe on July 10 as it flew past Lutetia. The colors are taken from much further away and superimposed by Ted Strick, a philosophy professor from State College Roans. Like most surfaces solar system, Lutetia has been weathered for a long time and has a reddish color.

19. Black Sun

July 11. Complete solar eclipse appears as a black spot through the haze of clouds in the sky over Easter Island. The totality of the eclipse was visible only over the South Pacific Ocean, as well as on the coasts of Chile and Argentina.

20. Galaxy Gem

The Hubble Space Telescope's long-distance telescope reveals a majestic spiral galaxy deep within the Coma galaxy cluster, which extends 320 million light-years from the northern constellation Coma Berenices. The photo was taken on August 10. The galaxy, known as NGC 4911, contains abundant bands of dust and gas near its very center. They stand out clearly against the backdrop of glowing clusters of newborn stars and iridescent pink clouds of hydrogen, the existence of which indicates ongoing star formation.

21. Phantom Secret

This image from the Hubble Space Telescope shows a ghost-like nebula known as IRAS 05437 +2502. The nebula is a small star-forming region filled with dark dust that was first seen in infrared images taken by the IRAS satellite in 1983. The new images show a lot of new details, but still do not shed any light on the reasons for the glow of the bright, sharp arcs.

22. Shadows of the rings

The image, released Aug. 27 by Cassini's orbital photography team, shows the thin shadows of Saturn's rings projected onto clouds above the planet's surface. The photo was taken as Saturn approached its equinox in August 2009.

23. Dance of galaxies

NGC 5426 and NGC 5427 are two similarly sized spiral galaxies engaged in a dramatic dance. It is not yet completely certain that the interaction will end in a collision and final merger of the two galaxies, although they have already managed to influence each other. The pair, known as Arp 271, will dance together for tens of millions of years. This image, published on August 30, was taken by the New Technology Telescope at the European Southern Observatory La Silla in Chile.

24. Spiral in space

The photograph, taken by the Hubble Space Telescope and released to the public on September 7, shows an unusual spiral nebula around the star LL Pegasus, located 3,000 light-years from Earth. According to astronomers, the spiral shape was the result of the eruption of substances from one of the stars of the bi-solar system.

25. X-shaped spot

This image, taken by the Hubble Space Telescope and released Oct. 13, shows what appears to be a strange X-shaped comet leaving a trail of glowing material. According to scientists, the cross may indicate the location of the collision of the body with the asteroid. The object, 400 feet wide, is believed to be a fragment of some larger body that collided at a speed of approximately 11 thousand miles per hour with a rock measuring approximately 10-15 feet in cross-section. The force of the impact was equal to a small explosion atomic bomb. UCLA astronomer David Jewitt believes the collision occurred in February or March.

26. Landing options.

SpaceShip 2, owned by Virgin Galactic, docked with the aircraft carrier White Knight 2 for landing on the runway at the US Spaceport near Las Cruces during a special ceremony on October 22. It is planned that in the next couple of years, SpaceShip 2 will begin accepting paying passengers on board for excursions in near outer space.

History: The spaceport takes a step towards opening commercial space flights. British tycoon Richard Brenon has dreamed of going to space since he was a teenager. Now he will be able to fulfill his wish as soon as Virgin Galactic begins accepting tourists for suborbital flights at a specially designed spaceport in New Mexico.

27 Station on the Moon?

In this photo, the International Space Station appears to have landed on the Moon, but in reality, the station is just passing over the Moon as it follows its orbit around the Earth. The picture was taken on October 21 in Hungary in the city of Guergufalu, 75 km from Budapest.

28. Night lights.

The island of Sicily and the "boot" of Italy sparkle in this orbital image taken at the International Space Station's Dome Observatory on October 28th. The main window of the Dome, located on the roof, has a circular shape with a diameter of 80 cm. This is the largest window in space. Six additional windows located on the sides provide visibility in all directions.

29. Space peanuts.

NASA's Deep Space probe sent this photo of the binary Comet Hartley on November 7th. The picture was taken while the probe was flying 700 km from an object shaped like a peanut. The circumference of the “neck” or the narrowest point of the core is 2.4 km. Also visible in the image are jets escaping from the nuclei.

30. Space Sea Creature

This image from NASA's wide-angle infrared researcher known as Wise clearly shows what appears to be a colorful creature in the sea of ​​stars. The photo, published on November 17, shows infrared radiation that has been retouched so that we can perceive it with our own eyes. In fact, the jellyfish-like object is a pair of very close dying stars ( White color), surrounded by its own emissions ( green color), we can also see two unusual dust rings ( Orange color), discovered by Wise.

31. The flaming dragon goes into space

This photograph shows the launch of the Falcon-9 rocket, owned by the Space-X company, which took place in launch complex No. 40 at Cape Canaveral, Florida. The launch was to test the company's Dragon capsule, which was specifically designed to supply the International Space Station when NASA withdraws its shuttle and its crew. The dragon, shaped like a round lollipop, successfully landed by parachute in the middle of Pacific Ocean after completing two orbits.

32. Space ornament

Delicate spheres of gas, photographed by the Hubble Space Telescope, float unperturbed through space. A bubble is a gas that has taken this form as a result of the action of a blast wave generated by the appearance supernova. Dubbed SNR 0509-67.5 (or SNR 0509 for short), the bubble is a visible remnant powerful explosion stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a small galaxy extending about 160 thousand light years from Earth.

Polar explorers have an aphorism: “If you want to quickly and clearly achieve your goal, call Amundsen; you need to carry out Scientific research- look for Scott; but when you don’t know what to do, and nothing helps, fall on your knees and pray for Shackleton.”

Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton(Ernest Henry Shackleton, 15 February 1874, Kilkee House, Kildare, Ireland - 5 January 1922, Grytviken, South Georgia) - Anglo-Irish explorer Antarctica, figure in the heroic age of Antarctic exploration. Member of four Antarctic expeditions, three of which he commanded.

The first experience of polar research was gained in the Discovery expedition, a participant in the first trip to the South Pole (latitude 82° 11’ was reached), after which he was evacuated for health reasons. In 1907, Shackleton led his own Nimrod expedition, during which he reached 88° 23" S, 97 geographical miles (180 km) short of the South Pole. For his achievements, he was knighted by King Edward VII.

After Amundsen (December 14, 1911) and Scott (January 17, 1912) reached the South Pole, Shackleton declared that crossing the entire Antarctic continent remained "the only great goal of Antarctic travel." In 1914 he organized the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition - grandiose project end-to-end crossing of the continent through the South Pole through completely unexplored lands. By the will of fate, this expedition turned into an almost two-year, full of drama, battle for survival in the cold and merciless Antarctic, into a journey that historians would later call the most outstanding journey of all time: before reaching the shores of Antarctica, the expedition ship Endurance was trapped by ice in the Sea Weddell and sank. Shackleton managed to save the entire crew without killing a single person, but his heroism and professional quality were not appreciated in Britain against the backdrop of the First World War. In 1921, he led the Shackleton-Rowett expedition, but even before its work began in Antarctica, he died of a heart attack at the age of 47 and was buried on the island of South Georgia.

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Expedition photographer Frank Hurley.

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Shackleton was a versatile personality, tried to run for the British Parliament, organized commercial enterprises, but was not successful in any of them. After his death, he was forgotten for some time, but in the middle of the twentieth century there was a surge of interest in Shackleton’s legacy, first in the USA and then in Great Britain. In 2002, during a national poll of the 100 Greatest Britons, Shackleton was ranked 11th, while Robert Scott was only 54th.