Intelligent life on other planets. Life on other planets of the solar system

I recently came across an interesting idea about life on other planets, and in particular, why we have not yet found anything like this. A certain Schneiderman, in his book “Beyond the Horizon of the Conscious World,” referring to an article from back in 1990, talks about the concept natural cosmic frequency, which is abbreviated as SFC.

According to the academician, every body in the Universe has its own cosmic frequency. And it is the SCN that determines the nature of the space and time in which this body is located. For the Earth, this figure is 365.25, that is, the number of revolutions around its own axis during its passage around the central luminary - the Sun. For each planet, the SSC is unique and inimitable. And this is precisely the answer to the question of why we feel so alone in the space of the Universe.

Our own cosmic frequency in which we are born forms for us a certain individual pattern through the prism of which we look at the world. All we can see is just a materialized image, transformed to suit our perception.

It's similar to how we perceive colors. After all, flowers, as such, do not exist. We see waves of different lengths, which the brain interprets as color. And one more interesting nuance is that our spectrum does not include their entire possible range. There are vibrations that the eye simply cannot recognize. We do not see ultraviolet and infrared, and many more radiations are inaccessible to our perception.

By analogy, life on other planets in its real and objective existence cannot be recognized through the filters of an alien SCN. And even what scientists will probably one day be able to find, according to this theory, will be very far from the truth and true only in a system where the central point of reference is the planet Earth and the individual pattern or view of the Universe set by its sphere.

Contact with an objective alien is possible only through a change in one’s own cosmic frequency, through its adjustment and attunement with the object of study. However, this cannot be achieved through technical means alone. Moreover, adherents of the concept argue that such an artificial change in a person’s SFC, even if possible, will certainly lead to tragic consequences. The reason is that an unprepared mind is not able to undergo such a transformation and then return to its original state without disorder or damage.

Thus, extraterrestrial contacts will become possible only through the development of consciousness through knowledge and mystical practice. Today, for humanity as a whole, these methods are inaccessible, because the main measure of their availability is the level of ethics. And as long as there is “at least one military man on our planet who is eager to seize power,” high knowledge will remain hidden from the world community behind seven locks.

In recent years, there has been a lot of discussion in astronomical circles about the search for life on other planets, so much so that a new term has been coined for this research - astrobiology, since there is no evidence yet that life exists elsewhere.

Astrobiology is the science of the origins of evolution and the spread of life for which there is as yet no data, or at least no data to support the science.

Search for life in the solar system

Since there is no support for the claim that life exists elsewhere, much attention has been devoted to finding planetary conditions favorable to life.

Mars has been the focus of attention for a very long time and is now being targeted for Martian soil samples. The Red Planet is about half the size of Earth, and it has at least a thin atmosphere. Water exists on Mars, although it is probably not abundant in vapor or solid form. The temperature and atmospheric pressure on Mars are too low to support liquid water.

The rovers that have explored the surface of Mars since 1976 have contained three very reliable experiments to detect signs of life. Two experiments showed no signs of living organisms, the third experiment had weak but ambiguous data. Even the most optimistic searchers for extraterrestrial life agree that these slight positive signs were likely the result of inorganic chemical reactions in the soil. In addition to the terrible cold and the rarity of water, there are other obstacles to life on Mars today. For example, the thin Martian atmosphere does not provide protection from the sun's ultraviolet radiation, which is lethal to living things.

With these concerns, interest in life on Mars has waned, although some hopes still hold out and many think that life may have existed on Mars in the past.

Mars exploration

In recent years, the orbiter has detected methane in the Martian atmosphere. Methane is a gas often produced by living things, although it can also form inorganically. A gamma-ray spectrometer aboard the Mars Odyssey orbiter detected significant amounts of hydrogen in the upper surfaces, likely indicating an abundance of ice. The iconic Spirit and Opportunity rovers provided compelling evidence that liquid water existed on the surface of Mars. This latest point is confirmation of what we have known for decades: photographs from the orbiter have shown numerous features that are best interpreted as having a lot of liquid water on Mars in the past. It's possible the Red Planet once had a much more substantial atmosphere than it does now, an atmosphere that provided enough pressure and heat to support liquid water.

This holds exciting promise for pessimists of life on other planets.

First, scientists have concluded that Mars, a planet without liquid water, once experienced a near-global flood, all the while denying that such a thing could happen on Earth, a planet with abundant water.
Secondly, many believe that the earth's atmosphere underwent enormous changes during the Flood. It is believed that the Earth has experienced catastrophic changes in its atmosphere.

Please note that in the study of astrobiology, water indicators occupy a prominent place.

As a universal solvent, water is absolutely essential to life, making up the majority of the mass of many organisms. And water is one of the most abundant molecules in the Universe. While water has been directly detected throughout the universe (even in the outer layers of cool stars!), we have never found liquid water anywhere in the universe. Liquid water is the main standard for living beings, since it seems that life is impossible without it. However, while water is a necessary condition for life, it is far from being a sufficient condition for life—much more is required.

Jupiter exploration

A few years ago, a stir in scientific circles was caused by the announcement of the possibility of a small ocean of liquid water beneath the surface of Europa, one of Jupiter's larger moons. Most of the cases for this water depend on the surface features of Europa - there are large segment cracks that resemble features of the polar ice pack that are the result of upwelling frozen between the cracks. Additionally, if the water were salty, this could explain the magnetic field of Jupiter's moon. It has since been suggested that a similar argument was made on the moon Ganymede, another large moon of Jupiter.

Many scientists are now considering a possible undersea ocean on the Europa moon as the most likely place in the solar system to find life beyond our home. This ocean, if it exists, is very dark and probably very cold. A few decades ago, living organisms in such a place would have been unthinkable. However, scientists have found that organisms live in very hostile environments, such as hydrothermal vents deep in the Earth's oceans. In addition, underground lakes exist far beneath the Antarctic ice sheet. The largest and most famous of them is Lake Vostok, located 4 kilometers under the ice. Although we don't know if life exists in these lakes, many scientists want to find out. They believe that if life could exist in these terrestrial lakes, why shouldn't life exist inside Jupiter's moon?

The search for life outside the solar system

Whether there is life on other planets outside the solar system has always worried humanity. Therefore, in our time, scientists, astronomers, and astrobiologists are constantly looking for the presence of life on other celestial bodies. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has specially developed an astronomical satellite, on which the Kepler space telescope is located, designed to search for planets outside the solar system around other stars.

Kepler Space Telescope

Kepler is a space observatory launched by NASA in 2009. The observatory is equipped with an ultrasensitive photometer capable of analyzing signals in the light region of the spectrum and transmitting data to Earth. Thanks to its high resolution, it is able to distinguish not only exoplanets, but also their satellites with a size of 0.2 the size of the Earth. During operation there were several emergency situations, but it still operates and transmits information. Placed into a circular heliocentric orbit

A planet similar to Earth where extraterrestrial existence is possible in size is named Kepler 186f. Kepler's discovery of 186f confirms that in the study area there are stars with planets other than our Sun where life on another planet is possible.
While celestial bodies in the habitable zone have previously been found, they are all at least 40 percent larger in size than Earth and are less likely to harbor life on larger planets. Kepler-186f looks more like Earth.
"The discovery of Kepler 186f represents a significant step toward the search for worlds like our planet Earth," say NASA astrophysicists at the agency's headquarters in Washington. Although Kepler-186f's size is known, its mass and composition have not yet been determined.

Now we know of only one planet where life exists - Earth.

When we search for life beyond our solar system, we focus on finding celestial bodies with characteristics that are similar to Earth. WITH whether life exists on another planet will, of course, be revealed over time.

Planet Kepler-186f is located in the Kepler-186 system, about 500 light years from Earth in the constellation Cygnus.
The system is also home to four planetary satellites that orbit a star half the size and mass of our Sun.
The star is classified as an M dwarf or red dwarf, a class of stars that makes up 70% of the stars in the Milky Way galaxy. M dwarfs are the most numerous stars. Possible signs of life in the galaxy could also come from planets orbiting the M dwarf.
Kepler-186f orbits its star every 130 days and receives one-third the energy from its star that Earth receives from the Sun, closer to the edges of the habitable zone.
On the surface of Kepler-186f, the star's brightness matches the brightness when our Sun shines about an hour before sunset.

Being in the habitable zone does not mean that we know that this celestial body is suitable for life. The temperature on a planet is highly dependent on the planet's atmosphere. Kepler-186f can be thought of as Earth's cousin, with many properties that resemble our planet, rather than a twin.

The planet's four moons Kepler 186b, Kepler 186c, Kepler 186d and Kepler-186e orbit their sun every four, seven, 13 and 22 days, respectively, making them too hot for life.
The next steps to determine whether there is life on other planets include measuring their chemical composition, determining atmospheric conditions, and continuing humanity's quest to find truly Earth-like worlds.

conclusions

Scientists have long believed that life on Earth first evolved in warm, highly hospitable pools and then colonized more complex environments. Many people now think that life began on the outskirts, in very hostile places, and then migrated in the other direction to better places.

Much of the motivation for this complete reversal of thinking stems from the need to find life elsewhere. Scientists should welcome the search for extraterrestrial life, although many experiments will continue to yield null results, disproving the evolutionary theory of origin.

NASA predicts that we will find life beyond our planet, and perhaps beyond our solar system, as early as this century. But where? What will this life be like? Would it be wise to make contact with aliens? The search for life will be difficult, but the search for answers to these questions could, in theory, be even longer. Here are ten points that are in one way or another related to the search for extraterrestrial life.

NASA believes extraterrestrial life will be discovered within 20 years

Matt Mountain, director of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, has this to say:

“Imagine the moment when the world wakes up and the human race realizes that it is no longer alone in space and time. We have the power to make a discovery that will change the world forever.”

Using ground and space technology, NASA scientists predict that we will find extraterrestrial life in the Milky Way galaxy within the next 20 years. Launched in 2009, the Kepler Space Telescope has helped scientists find thousands of exoplanets (planets outside the solar system). Kepler detects a planet when it passes in front of its star, causing a slight drop in the star's brightness.

Based on Kepler data, NASA scientists believe that 100 million planets in our galaxy alone could be home to extraterrestrial life. But only with the start of operation of the James Webb Space Telescope (launch scheduled for 2018) will we have the first opportunity to indirectly detect life on other planets. The Webb telescope will search for gases in planetary atmospheres that are generated by life. The ultimate goal is to find Earth 2.0, the twin of our own planet.

Extraterrestrial life may not be intelligent

The Webb telescope and its successors will look for biosignatures in the atmospheres of exoplanets, namely molecular water, oxygen and carbon dioxide. But even if biosignatures are discovered, they won't tell us whether life on an exoplanet is intelligent. Alien life may be single-celled organisms like amoebas, rather than complex creatures that can communicate with us.

We are also limited in our search for life by our prejudices and lack of imagination. We assume that there must be carbon-based life like us, and its intelligence must be similar to ours. Explaining this failure in creative thinking, Carolyn Porco of the Space Science Institute says: "Scientists don't start thinking about completely crazy and incredible things until some circumstances force them to."

Other scientists like Peter Ward believe that intelligent alien life will be short-lived. Ward admits that other species may suffer global warming, overpopulation, famine and eventual chaos that will destroy civilization. The same thing awaits us, he believes.

Currently, Mars is too cold to support liquid water and life. But NASA's Opportunity and Curiosity rovers, analyzing rocks on Mars, have shown that four billion years ago the planet had fresh water and mud in which life could thrive.

Another possible source of water and life is the third highest volcano on Mars, Arsia Mons. 210 million years ago, this volcano erupted under a huge glacier. The heat from the volcano caused the ice to melt, forming lakes in the glacier, like liquid bubbles in partially frozen ice cubes. These lakes may have existed long enough for microbial life to form.

It is possible that some of Earth's simplest organisms could survive on Mars today. Methanogens, for example, use hydrogen and carbon dioxide to produce methane and do not require oxygen, organic nutrients or light. They are ways to survive temperature changes like those on Mars. So when scientists discovered methane in the atmosphere of Mars in 2004, they assumed that methanogens were already living beneath the surface of the planet.

When we go to Mars, we may contaminate the planet's environment with microorganisms from Earth. This worries scientists because it could complicate the task of finding life forms on Mars.

NASA plans to launch a mission in the 2020s to Europa, one of Jupiter's moons. Among the mission's main goals is to determine whether the lunar surface is habitable and to identify locations where future spacecraft could land.

In addition to this, NASA plans to look for life (possibly intelligent) under Europa's thick layer of ice. In an interview with The Guardian, NASA lead scientist Dr Ellen Stofan said: “We know there is an ocean underneath this icy crust. Water foam emerges from cracks in the south polar region. There are orange stains all over the surface. What is this, after all?

The spacecraft that will go to Europa will make several flybys around the moon or remain in its orbit, possibly studying the plumes of foam in the southern region. This will allow scientists to collect samples of Europa's interior without the risky and expensive landing of a spacecraft. But any mission must ensure that the ship and its instruments are protected from the radioactive environment. NASA also wants us not to pollute Europe with terrestrial organisms.

Until now, scientists have been technologically limited in their search for life beyond our solar system. They could only look for exoplanets. But physicists from the University of Texas believe they have found a way to detect exomoons (moons orbiting exoplanets) through radio waves. This search method could greatly increase the number of potentially habitable bodies on which we can find extraterrestrial life.

Using knowledge of radio waves emitted during the interaction between Jupiter's magnetic field and its moon Io, these scientists were able to extrapolate formulas to search for similar emissions from exomoons. They also believe that Alfven waves (plasma ripples caused by the interaction of a planet's magnetic field and its moon) could also help detect exomoons.

In our solar system, moons like Europa and Enceladus have the potential to support life, depending on their distance from the Sun, their atmosphere, and the possible existence of water. But as our telescopes become more powerful and far-sighted, scientists hope to study similar moons in other systems.

There are currently two exoplanets with potential habitable exomoons: Gliese 876b (about 15 light-years from Earth) and Epsilon Eridani b (about 11 light-years from Earth). Both planets are gas giants, like most of the exoplanets we have discovered, but they are located in potentially habitable zones. Any exomoons on such planets could also have the potential to support life.

Until now, scientists have searched for extraterrestrial life by looking at exoplanets rich in oxygen, carbon dioxide or methane. But since the Webb telescope will be able to detect ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons, scientists propose to look for intelligent extraterrestrial life in such “industrial” pollution.

While we hope to discover an extraterrestrial civilization that is still alive, it is likely that we will find an extinct culture that destroyed itself. Scientists believe that the best way to find out whether a planet might have had a civilization is to look for long-lived pollutants (which remain in the atmosphere for tens of thousands of years) and short-lived pollutants (which disappear within ten years). If the Webb telescope detects only long-lived pollutants, there is a high chance that civilization has disappeared.

This method has its limitations. The Webb telescope can so far only detect pollutants on exoplanets orbiting white dwarfs (the remnants of a dead star the size of our Sun). But dead stars mean dead civilizations, so the search for actively polluting life may be delayed until our technology becomes more advanced.

To determine which planets could support intelligent life, scientists typically base their computer models on the planet's atmosphere in its potentially habitable zone. Recent research has shown that these models may also include the influence of large liquid oceans.

Let's take our own solar system as an example. Earth has a stable environment that supports life, but Mars - which lies on the outer edge of the potentially habitable zone - is a frozen planet. Temperatures on the surface of Mars can fluctuate by up to 100 degrees Celsius. There is also Venus, which is within the habitable zone and is unbearably hot. Neither planet is a good candidate for supporting intelligent life, although both may be inhabited by microorganisms that can survive extreme conditions.

Unlike Earth, neither Mars nor Venus has a liquid ocean. According to David Stevens from the University of East Anglia, “The oceans have enormous potential for climate control. They are useful because they allow surface temperatures to respond extremely slowly to seasonal changes in solar heating. And they help keep temperature changes across the planet within acceptable limits.”

Stevens is absolutely confident that we need to include possible oceans in models of planets with potential life, thereby expanding the range of the search.

Exoplanets with wobbling axes can support life where planets with a fixed axis like Earth cannot. This is because such "spinner worlds" have a different relationship with the planets around them.

The Earth and its planetary neighbors revolve around the Sun in the same plane. But spinning worlds and their neighboring planets rotate at angles, influencing each other's orbits so that the former can sometimes rotate with their pole facing the star.

Such worlds are more likely than fixed-axis planets to have liquid water on their surface. This is because the heat from the mother star will be evenly distributed on the surface of the unstable world, especially if it has its pole facing the star. The planet's ice caps will melt quickly, forming a global ocean, and where there is an ocean, there is potential life.

Most often, astronomers look for life on exoplanets that are within the habitable zone of their star. But some "eccentric" exoplanets remain in the habitable zone only part of the time. When outside the zone, they can melt or freeze violently.

Even under such conditions, these planets can support life. Scientists point out that some microscopic life forms on Earth can survive in extreme conditions - both on Earth and in space - bacteria, lichens and spores. This suggests that the star's habitable zone may extend much further than thought. Only we will have to come to terms with the fact that extraterrestrial life can not only flourish, as here on Earth, but also endure harsh conditions where, it seemed, no life could exist.

NASA is taking an aggressive approach to the search for extraterrestrial life in our universe. The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) project is also becoming increasingly ambitious in its attempts to contact extraterrestrial civilizations. SETI wants to go beyond just searching and tracking extraterrestrial signals and start actively sending messages into space to determine our position relative to others.

But contact with intelligent alien life may pose dangers that we may not be able to handle. Stephen Hawking warned that a dominant civilization would likely use its power to conquer us. There is also an argument that NASA and SETI are overstepping ethical boundaries. Neuropsychologist Gabriel de la Torre asks:

“Can such a decision be made by the entire planet? What happens if someone receives our signal? Are we ready for this form of communication?

De la Torre believes that the general public currently lacks the knowledge and training needed to interact with intelligent aliens. The point of view of most people is also seriously influenced by religion.

The search for extraterrestrial life is not as easy as it seems

The technology we use to search for extraterrestrial life has improved greatly, but the search is still not as easy as we would like. For example, biosignatures are generally considered evidence of life, past or present. But scientists have discovered lifeless planets with lifeless moons that have the same biosignatures in which we usually see signs of life. This means that our current methods of detecting life often fail.

In addition, the existence of life on other planets may be much more incredible than we thought. Red dwarf stars, which are smaller and cooler than our Sun, are the most common stars in our Universe.

But, according to the latest information, exoplanets in the habitable zones of red dwarfs may have an atmosphere destroyed by harsh weather conditions. These and many other problems significantly complicate the search for extraterrestrial life. But I really want to know if we are alone in the Universe.

Extraterrestrial life causes a lot of controversy among scientists. Ordinary people often think about the existence of aliens. To date, many facts have been found that confirm that there is also life outside the Earth. Do aliens exist? You can find out this, and much more, in our article.

Space exploration

An exoplanet is a planetoid that is located outside the Solar System. Scientists are actively exploring space. In 2010, more than 500 exoplanets were discovered. However, only one of them is similar to Earth. Small-sized cosmic bodies began to be discovered relatively recently. Most often, exoplanets are gas planetoids resembling Jupiter.

Astronomers are interested in “living” planets that are in a favorable zone for the development and origin of life. A planetoid on which there may be human-like creatures must have a solid surface. Another important factor is comfortable temperature.

“Living” planets should also be located away from sources of harmful radiation. According to scientists, clean water must be present on the planetoid. Only such an exoplanet can be suitable for the development of different forms of life. Researcher Andrew Howard is confident in the existence of a huge number of planets similar to Earth. He says he wouldn't be surprised if every 2nd or 8th star has a planetoid that is similar to ours.

Amazing Research

Many people are interested in whether extraterrestrial life forms exist. Scientists from California working in the Hawaiian Islands have discovered a new planet around the star It is located about 20 light years from us. The planetoid is located in a zone comfortable for living. None of the other planets have such a favorable location. It has a comfortable temperature for the development of life. Experts say that, most likely, there is clean drinking water there. Such However, experts do not know whether there are creatures similar to humans there.

The search for extraterrestrial life continues. Scientists have found that a planet similar to ours is about 3 times heavier than Earth. It circles around its axis in 37 Earth days. The average temperature ranges from 30 degrees Celsius to 12 degrees Celsius below zero. It is not yet possible to visit it. It will take several generations to reach it. Of course, there is definitely life there in some form. Scientists report that comfortable conditions do not guarantee the presence of intelligent creatures.

Other planets similar to Earth have been found. They are at the edges of the Gliese 5.81 comfort zone. One of them is 5 times heavier than the Earth, and the other is 7 times heavier. What would creatures of extraterrestrial origin look like? Scientists say that humanoids that may live on planets around Gliese 5.81 are likely to be short and broad-bodied.

They have already tried to establish contact with creatures that may live on these planets. Experts sent a radio signal there using a radio telescope located in Crimea. Surprisingly, it will be possible to find out whether aliens really exist around 2028. It is by this time that the message will reach the addressee. If extraterrestrial beings respond immediately, then we will be able to hear their answer around 2049.

Scientist Raghbir Batal claims that at the end of 2008 he received a strange signal from the region of Gliese 5. 81. It is possible that extraterrestrial beings tried to make themselves known even before habitable planets were discovered. Scientists promise to decipher the received signal.

About extraterrestrial life

Extraterrestrial life has always been of interest to scientists. Back in the 16th century, an Italian monk wrote that life exists not only on Earth, but also on other planets. He argued that creatures living on other planets may be different from humans. The monk believed that there was room in the Universe for different forms of development.

It was not only the monk who thought that we are not alone in the Universe. The scientist claims that life on Earth could have originated thanks to microorganisms that came from space. He suggests that the development of humanity can be observed by residents of other planetoids.

NASA experts were once asked to tell us how they imagine aliens. Scientists claim that planetoids that have a large mass should be home to flat, crawling creatures. It is still impossible to say whether aliens really exist and what they look like. The search for exoplanets continues today. 5 thousand of the most promising cosmic bodies favorable for life are already known.

Signal decoding

Another strange radio signal was received last year in the Russian Federation. Scientists claim that the message was sent from a planetoid located 94 light years from Earth. They believe the signal strength indicates an unnatural origin. Scientists suggest that extraterrestrial life cannot exist on this planetoid.

Where will alien life be found?

Some scientists suggest that the first planet on which extraterrestrial life will be found will be Earth. We are talking about meteorites. To date, it is officially known about 20 thousand alien bodies that have been found on Earth. Some of them contain organic substances. For example, 20 years ago the world learned about a meteorite in which fossilized microorganisms were found. The body is of Martian origin. It was in space for about three billion years. After many years of travel, the meteorite ended up on Earth. However, evidence that could make it possible to understand its origin has never been found.

Scientists believe that the best carrier of microorganisms is a comet. 15 years ago, the so-called “red rain” was observed in India. The Taurus found in the composition is of extraterrestrial origin. 6 years ago it was proven that the resulting microorganisms can carry out their life activities at 121 degrees Celsius. They do not develop at room temperature.

Alien Life and the Church

Many have repeatedly thought about the existence of alien life. However, the Bible denies that we are not alone in the Universe. According to scripture, the Earth is unique. God created it for life, and other planets are not intended for this. The Bible describes all stages of the creation of the Earth. Some believe that this is no coincidence, because, in their opinion, other planets were created for other purposes.

A huge number of science fiction films have been made. In them, anyone can see what aliens might look like. According to the Bible, an intelligent extraterrestrial being will not be able to receive redemption because it is only meant for humans.

Extraterrestrial life does not agree with the Bible. It is impossible to be confident in a scientific or church theory. There is no significant evidence that alien life exists. All planetoids are formed by chance. It is possible that some of them have favorable conditions for life.

UFO. Why does there be a belief in aliens?

Some believe that anything that cannot be recognized is a UFO. They claim that it is certainly possible to see something in the firmament that cannot be recognized. However, these can be flares, space stations, meteorites, lightning, false suns and much more. A person who is not familiar with all of the above may assume that he saw a UFO.

More than 20 years ago, a program about extraterrestrial life was shown on television. Some believe that belief in aliens is associated with a feeling of loneliness in space. Extraterrestrial beings could have medical knowledge that could cure the population of many diseases.

Alien emergence of life on Earth

It is no secret that there is a theory about the extraterrestrial origin of life on Earth. Scientists argue that this opinion arose because none of the theories of earthly origins has ever explained the appearance of RNA and DNA. Evidence in favor of the extraterrestrial theory was found by Chandra Wickramsingh and his colleagues. Scientists believe that radioactive substances in comets can retain water for up to a million years. A number of hydrocarbons provide another important condition for the emergence of life. The information received is confirmed by missions that took place in 2004 and 2005. Organic substances and clay particles were found in one of the comets, and a number of complex hydrocarbon molecules were found in the second.

According to Chandra, the entire Galaxy contains a huge amount of clay components. Their number significantly exceeds that contained on the young Earth. The chance of life arising in comets is more than 20 times higher than on our planet. These facts prove that life may have originated in space. At the moment, carbon dioxide, sucrose, hydrocarbons, molecular oxygen and much more have been found.

Pure aluminum in stock

Three years ago, a resident of one of the cities of the Russian Federation found a strange object. It resembled a piece of a gear wheel that had been inserted into a piece of coal. The man was going to light the stove with it, but changed his mind. The find seemed strange to him. He took it to the scientists. Experts examined the find. They found that the object was made of almost pure aluminum. In their opinion, the age of the find is about 300 million years. It is worth noting that the appearance of the object would not have occurred without the intervention of intelligent life. However, humanity learned to create such parts no earlier than in 1825. It was believed that the object was part of an alien ship.

Sandstone statue

Does extraterrestrial life exist? The facts cited by some scientists make us doubt that we are the only intelligent beings in the Universe. 100 years ago, archaeologists discovered an ancient sandstone statue in the jungles of Guatemala. The facial features were not similar to the appearance of the peoples who lived in this territory. Scientists believe that the statue depicted an ancient alien, whose civilization was more advanced than the locals. There is an assumption that the find previously had a torso. However, this is not confirmed. Perhaps the statue was created later. However, the exact date of its origin is impossible to know, since it previously served as a target, and is now almost destroyed.

Mysterious stone object

18 years ago, computer genius John Williams discovered a strange stone object in the ground. He dug it up and cleared it of dirt. John discovered that the object had a strange electrical mechanism attached to it. In appearance, the device resembled an electric plug. The find is described in a large number of printed publications. Many argued that this was nothing more than a high-quality fake. At first, John refused to send the item for research. He tried to sell the find for 500 thousand dollars. Over time, William agreed to send the item for research. The first analysis showed that the object is about 100 thousand years old, and the mechanism located inside could not be created by man.

Predictions from NASA

Scientists regularly find evidence of extraterrestrial life. However, they are not enough to verify the existence of aliens. NASA experts say we will know the truth about space by 2028. Ellen Stofan (head of NASA) believes that within the next ten years humanity will receive evidence that will confirm that life exists beyond Earth. However, significant facts will be known in 20-30 years. The scientist claims that it is already clear where to look for evidence. He knows exactly what needs to be found. He reports that several planets are already known today on which there is drinking water. Ellen Stefan emphasizes that his group is looking for microorganisms, not aliens.

Let's sum it up

Extraterrestrial life raises many questions. Some believe that it exists, while others deny it. To believe in extraterrestrial life or not is a personal matter for everyone. However, today there is a large amount of evidence that forces everyone to assume that we are not alone in the Universe. It is possible that in a few years we will know the whole truth about space.

Scientists have experimentally proven that life can be found in our solar system. For example, on Saturn's moon, Titan.

But let's talk about everything in order.

Everyone knows that cell life requires processes such as exosmosis and endosmosis. These are processes that provide a living cell with water exchange. And water is the basis of life. It is in water that all vital processes for molecules take place. And in order for any, even the smallest organism, to be considered as an independent, isolated system, it must have boundaries that separate it from everything else. The cell membrane is precisely such a boundary. It consists of molecules called lipids. Let's consider lipid molecules. Their uniqueness lies in the fact that they have a non-polar tail and a polar head. If, for example, we look at the molecules of water, alcohol and oil, it turns out that water and alcohol are polar, and oil molecules are non-polar.

Therefore, alcohol and water dissolve in each other, but oil does not. But, we repeat, the peculiarity of lipids is that their nonpolar and polar parts are interconnected. If such molecules are immersed in water (a polar environment), then these lipids will begin to group into a structure called a lipid bilayer. The molecules line up so that the heads (polar parts) are on the outside in the aqueous environment (polar), and the tails are on the inside. By forming such a double layer of lipid molecules, we obtain a cell membrane. You can give an example with a fleecy carpet: the pile of the carpet is the tails of lipids, and its flat surface is the heads. We bend the carpet so that the fleecy part is on the inside and the smooth part is on the outside, and in our imagination we form a ball from this carpet. Here you have a molecule with a carpet membrane.

Let's return to the research of scientists. As mentioned earlier, water is the basis of life. In our solar system there is only one planet with habitable water - Earth. On other planets it exists in a solid state, but life requires a liquid medium. But astronomers have discovered that there are seas and oceans on the surface of Saturn’s moon, which means there may be life there. But this is not water, but liquid hydrocarbons, including ethane and methane. Scientists from Cornell University conducted a study to find out what structures can live in unusual conditions?

The scientists' task was to find a structure that could perform the function of a cell membrane. They immersed the lipid bilayer in a liquid hydrocarbon medium. Let's return to polarity and non-polarity. Water, as we remember, is not polar, but methane is polar. This means that in the seas of Titan (satellite of Saturn), the intercellular membrane should be non-polar on the outside (let’s turn our carpet ball with its pile outward). And since the temperature in these seas is 180 degrees Celsius, the membrane must still remain elastic.

A – acrylonitrile molecules in the liquid are connected to each other by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogen atom and the hydrogen of the ethylene group. Molecules are disordered

B – fragment of a crystal of solid acrylonitrile. Nitrile groups are oriented away from each other

C – in the presence of liquid methane, it becomes more favorable for acrylonitrile molecules to orient polar nitrile groups inside the particle so that they do not come into contact with non-polar ethane molecules

D – spherical structure formed by a double layer. Nitrile groups are oriented inside the layer, and ethylene tails are oriented outside and inside the sphere.

And after carrying out computer calculations and modeling the behavior of various substances in liquid methane, chemists discovered an amazing fact! The acrylonitrile molecule was able to form cell membrane structures! As expected, the membrane was nonpolar on the outside (tails pointing outward) and polar on the inside (heads pointing inward). The size of these structures was similar to the size of the terrestrial virus. This completely changes your perspective on what “life” means!

If water is so vital for cells on earth, then perhaps liquid hydrocarbon is just as necessary for other forms as in our case? Probably, other planets, and even interspace, are inhabited by life that we don’t even know about! After all, if this or that environment is familiar and necessary for us, then for other organisms this environment will be deadly, and vice versa. There is still so much unknown in life, something that we cannot even imagine yet. For example, some people still believe that Earth is the only planet where intelligent life lives. Imagine one small Earth among the great many stars and planets of the Milky Way galaxy. And how many other galaxies are there and how many planets are part of them! Are we really the only and unique ones in our intelligence? Perhaps great, epoch-making discoveries regarding the discovery of new forms of life in space await us.

If you are interested in the topic of extraterrestrial life, then there is very interesting information that can be found in the books of Anastasia Novykh. For example, the book “Ezoosmos” talks in detail and in simple language about alternative, non-protein life, as well as what the human body consists of, how time and gravity are related, and what is the main role of gravity in the structure of the entire Universe, as well as about what life is in its true sense and what the “first brick” of all matter is called. You can download books by this author completely free of charge from our website by clicking on the quote below, or by going to .