Towards the development of training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel. With changes and additions from

Postgraduate professional education can be obtained in graduate school, residency, adjunct and doctoral studies, created in educational institutions of higher professional education and scientific organizations that have the appropriate licenses (Article 25 of the Law on Education).

The regulation on the training of scientific, pedagogical and scientific personnel in the system of postgraduate professional education in the Russian Federation, which was approved by order of the Ministry of Education of March 27, 1998 152, reproduces the provisions of the law and among its main forms also names doctoral studies and postgraduate studies (postgraduate studies), which provide citizens have the opportunity to improve their level of education, scientific and pedagogical qualifications. Adjunct represents one of the main forms of training of scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel in institutions of the Armed Forces of Russia, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Federal Security Service, the State Customs Committee and similar structures. By its legal nature, it is similar to postgraduate studies in civilian educational and scientific organizations, so in the future we will not analyze it specifically.

Doctoral studies, postgraduate studies, and postgraduate studies are opened in universities that have state accreditation, and scientific institutions, organizations licensed to conduct educational activities in the field of postgraduate professional education, which have highly qualified scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel. Doctoral studies are opened in universities and scientific organizations that, as a rule, have specialized dissertation councils for the defense of dissertations for the academic degrees of candidate and doctor of science.

Opening of doctoral, postgraduate and adjunct courses and the termination of their activities is carried out and formalized by order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation after carrying out the appropriate examination, and the opening of postgraduate studies (postgraduate studies) is carried out with the issuance of a license after a licensing examination for the right to conduct educational activities in the field of postgraduate professional education (except for the system of the Russian Academy of Sciences and industry academies that have state status). Relevant petitions are submitted by ministries, departments and universities and scientific institutions and organizations subordinate to the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.

Doctoral studies is a form of training of highly qualified scientific and pedagogical personnel. Persons with a PhD degree are admitted to doctoral studies. Doctoral students are trained on a full-time basis. Its term should not exceed three years.

An application for admission to doctoral studies is submitted to the rector of the university or the head of a scientific institution or organization training doctoral students. The following documents are attached to it: a copy of the diploma awarding the scientific degree of Candidate of Sciences, a questionnaire, a detailed plan for preparing a doctoral dissertation, a list of published scientific works and inventions. An identification document and a diploma of the award of the scientific degree of Candidate of Sciences must be presented to applicants for doctoral studies in person. The issue of recommendations for enrollment in doctoral studies is decided by the academic council of a university or scientific organization based on the conclusion of the relevant department (department, sector). After this, the order for enrollment is issued by the rector of the university (the head of the scientific organization).

Persons enrolled in doctoral studies are released from their positions in accordance with the labor legislation of the Russian Federation. For those enrolled at the expense of the budget, the scholarship is paid from the date of enrollment, but not earlier than the day of dismissal from the previous place of work.

The period of preparation for doctoral studies is counted towards the length of scientific, pedagogical and scientific work. During the preparation period, the doctoral student is required to complete the dissertation preparation plan and submit the completed dissertation to the department (department, laboratory, sector, council) to receive an appropriate conclusion. To assist the doctoral student in conducting dissertation research at the place of his preparation, a scientific consultant from among doctors of science, and if necessary, leading scientists and specialists from third-party educational and scientific organizations can be involved in this capacity. Remuneration for scientific consultants is made at the rate of 50 hours per year per doctoral student. Heads of universities and scientific institutions and organizations have the right to set additional payments for scientific consultants without limiting their maximum amounts.

Doctoral students use equipment, laboratories, teaching and methodological rooms, and libraries free of charge. They have the right to travel, including to higher educational institutions and scientific centers of foreign countries, to participate in expeditions to conduct work on selected topics of scientific research on an equal basis with scientific and pedagogical workers of universities and scientific organizations in which they are trained. To purchase scientific literature, each doctoral student studying at budget expense is given an annual allowance in the amount of two monthly stipends.

Doctoral students undergo annual certification, based on the results of which the relevant academic councils make a decision on their further stay in doctoral studies. A doctoral student who does not fulfill the work plan for his dissertation is expelled from the doctoral program and can be reinstated for the remaining period if there are vacancies.

Persons who have completed a full course of doctoral training cannot be transferred to positions of research assistants for the preparation of a doctoral dissertation.

Doctoral students enrolled against the admission quotas are paid state scholarships in the amount of 1000 rubles. They are granted annual holidays of two months.

Doctoral students retain all the rights at the place of work that they had before entering doctoral studies (the right to receive living space, to be awarded an academic title and other rights), as well as the right to return to their previous place of work. Doctoral students have the right to paid work, provided they complete their dissertation work plan.

There is also such a form of preparing a doctoral dissertation as transfer to scientific positions. It is provided for university employees who have a PhD degree, who can be transferred to positions as research assistants for up to two years to prepare doctoral dissertations. To do this, you must submit an application to the rector, attaching a detailed outline of your doctoral dissertation and a list of published scientific works. The rector, based on the conclusion of the relevant department (faculty, academic council) and the documents submitted by the candidate, makes a decision on his transfer to the position of researcher for the preparation of a doctoral dissertation. Such a transfer is carried out within the limits of funds available at higher educational institutions for remuneration. Candidates of science transferred to positions of research assistants, after the expiration of their tenure in this position, cannot enter doctoral studies at the expense of the budget. Just like doctoral students, they submit an annual report on their dissertation work, which they must complete within a specified period.

IN graduate school Persons with higher professional education are accepted on a competitive basis. Postgraduate studies are carried out in full-time and part-time forms. Persons who have previously completed a full course of postgraduate study do not have the right to secondary study at the expense of the budget.

An application for admission to graduate school is submitted to the rector of the university or the head of the scientific institution training graduate students, with the necessary documents attached (copies of a diploma of higher education and its supplement, a questionnaire, a list of published scientific works or an abstract, as well as a certificate of passing candidate exams if the applicant has passed the candidate exams).

Admission to graduate school is carried out annually within the deadlines established by the university or scientific organization. To conduct it, a selection committee is organized under the chairmanship of the rector (vice-rector) of the university or the head of a scientific institution (his deputy). Members of the selection committee are appointed by its chairman from among highly qualified scientific, pedagogical and scientific personnel, including scientific supervisors of graduate students.

Applicants to graduate school undergo an interview with a prospective supervisor, the results of which are reported to the admissions committee. Taking into account the results of the interview, she makes a decision on admission to the entrance exams, of which she notifies the applicant within a week.

Admission to postgraduate studies is carried out by commissions appointed by the rector of the university or the head of a scientific institution. The commission includes a professor or doctor of science in the specialty in which the exam is being conducted. In the absence of doctors of science, the commission may include candidates of science, associate professors, and, in a foreign language, qualified teachers who do not have an academic degree or academic title and who are sufficiently proficient in the relevant foreign language.

Applicants to graduate school take competitive entrance exams in accordance with state educational standards of higher professional education: a special discipline; philosophy; a foreign language determined by a university or scientific institution and necessary for a graduate student to complete dissertation research. Retaking entrance exams is not allowed. Passed entrance exams for graduate school are valid for a calendar year. Persons who have passed the candidate exams in full or in part are exempt from the corresponding entrance exams upon admission to graduate school. The results of final master's exams in philosophy and a foreign language are counted as entrance exams to graduate school, if the individual master's curriculum included master's exams in these subjects. Persons admitted to entrance examinations for graduate school are granted leave of thirty calendar days to prepare for the exams and pass them while maintaining the average salary at the place of work.

Based on the results of the entrance exams, the admissions committee makes a decision on each applicant, ensuring enrollment on a competitive basis for those most prepared for scientific work and scientific and pedagogical activities. The decision on admission to graduate school or refusal of admission is communicated to the applicant within five days after the decision of the admissions committee, but no later than two weeks before the start of classes.

Enrollment in graduate school is carried out by order of the rector of the university or the head of the scientific institution. The duration of full-time postgraduate study should not exceed three years, and part-time postgraduate study – four years.

Release from work of persons admitted to full-time graduate school is carried out in accordance with the labor legislation of the Russian Federation. From the date of enrollment, but not earlier than the day of dismissal from the previous place of work, full-time graduate students enrolled in the admission checklist are paid a scholarship in the amount of 500 rubles. Graduate students may be awarded a scholarship from the Government of the Russian Federation (in the amount of 800 rubles) or a scholarship from the President of the Russian Federation (in the amount of 1,500 rubles) 153.

During postgraduate study, the graduate student is required to fully implement the individual plan; pass candidate exams in philosophy, a foreign language and a special discipline; complete work on the dissertation and submit it to the department to receive an appropriate conclusion. Postgraduate students studying in creative and performing specialties in the field of art, upon completion of their studies, present a final work in the relevant profile, which is accepted by a special commission appointed by the rector of the university. A postgraduate student studying full-time at a higher educational institution has the right to master the mandatory minimum content of a professional program that provides additional qualifications as a “Higher School Teacher”, if this minimum was not mastered during the master’s preparation process.

The time spent studying in full-time graduate school is counted towards the length of scientific, pedagogical and scientific work.

Individual plans of graduate students and dissertation topics are approved by the rectors (academic councils) of universities or heads (scientific and technical councils) of scientific

institutions on behalf of departments (divisions, sectors, laboratories) within the time limits determined by local regulations. The postgraduate student’s fulfillment of the approved individual plan is controlled by a scientific supervisor, who is approved by the rector of the university or the head of a scientific institution from among doctors of sciences or professors simultaneously with enrollment in graduate school. In some cases, by decision of scientific (scientific and technical) councils, candidates of sciences in the relevant specialty, usually holding the academic title of associate professor (senior researcher), may be involved in the scientific supervision of the preparation of graduate students. In practice, such permission is given to associate professors who are preparing a doctoral dissertation and have serious scientific publications. Postgraduate students carrying out scientific research at the intersection of related specialties are allowed to have two scientific supervisors or a supervisor and a consultant, one of whom may be a candidate of science. The number of graduate students assigned to one scientific supervisor is determined with his consent by the rector of the university or the head of the scientific institution.

The graduate student is annually certified by the department (department, sector, laboratory). In case of failure to fulfill the individual plan, he is expelled from graduate school. A graduate student expelled before the end of the study period may be reinstated for the remaining term. The period of full-time postgraduate study at the expense of the budget is extended for the duration of maternity leave, as well as for a period of illness lasting more than a month, subject to the availability of an appropriate medical report within the limits of the scholarship fund.

In order to ensure the preparation of a dissertation, postgraduate students are endowed with the same rights as doctoral students (the right to use the library, laboratories of the institution, the right to receive an annual allowance for the purchase of literature, etc.). Graduate students studying in full-time graduate school, subject to the implementation of an individual plan, have the right to be enrolled in a full-time position or perform work on other terms of payment (for example, hourly).

Remuneration for scientific supervisors of postgraduate students is made at the rate of 50 hours per postgraduate student per year, including when two supervisors are approved for the postgraduate student (supervisor and consultant).

Full-time graduate students enjoy vacations lasting two months each year. Graduates of full-time graduate school (including ahead of schedule) and

Those who have fully complied with the above requirements are granted a month's leave with a stipend.

Postgraduate students studying by correspondence have the right to annual additional leave at their place of work for a duration of thirty calendar days with preservation of average earnings. To the annual additional leave of a graduate student, the time spent traveling from the place of work to the location of the graduate school and back is added while maintaining the average earnings. The specified travel is paid by the employing organization. They are also provided with other benefits provided for by the Labor Code for persons studying in institutions of higher professional education. Thus, they have the right to one day off from work per week with payment in the amount of fifty percent of the wages received, but not lower than the minimum wage established by federal law. The employer has the right to provide graduate students, at their request, in the fourth year of study with no more than two additional days off from work per week without pay.

There is also a form of work for specialists on dissertations, such as competition, i.e., attachment to a university without enrollment in doctoral or postgraduate studies. Applicants for an academic degree can be persons who have the appropriate educational qualifications. Thus, applicants for the degree of Candidate of Sciences can be persons with higher professional education, and applicants for the academic degree of Doctor of Science can be persons who have the academic degree of Candidate of Sciences.

Applicants working on dissertations are assigned to pass candidate exams and prepare dissertations at higher educational institutions and scientific institutions that have postgraduate courses in relevant scientific specialties and have a research and experimental base and highly qualified scientific personnel. It is possible for an applicant to attach it only for passing candidate exams (for a period of no more than two years) or for preparing a candidate's dissertation (for a period of no more than three years). In the first case, a scientific supervisor is not appointed. In the second, it is approved in the same manner as for graduate students, doctors of science, and professors. Remuneration for scientific supervisors (consultants) is made at the rate of 25 hours per applicant per year.

Attachment of applicants for the preparation of a doctoral dissertation can be carried out for a period of no more than 4 years. Persons who have not fully used their period of stay as applicants may be assigned to higher educational institutions and scientific institutions for the remaining time.

Attachment as an applicant is carried out on the basis of a personal application, to which the necessary documents are attached (their list is similar to that mentioned above when describing admission to doctoral and postgraduate studies), taking into account the results of an interview with the proposed supervisor (consultant) and the conclusion of the relevant department (department, sector, laboratory).

Applicants, within a three-month period, submit for approval of the department an individual plan (dissertation preparation plan) agreed upon with the supervisor (consultant). The individual plan and topic of the dissertation are approved in the same manner as for graduate students and doctoral students. Applicants periodically report and are annually certified by a university department or department (sector, laboratory) of a scientific institution. If they fail to complete the individual curriculum, they are subject to expulsion.

The most important component of the certification of scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel is candidate exams, the purpose of which is to establish the depth of professional knowledge of the applicant for an academic degree, the level of his preparedness for independent research work. Passing the candidate exams is mandatory for the award of the scientific degree of Candidate of Sciences, as well as for applicants for the academic degree.

Doctor of Science degrees without a PhD degree.

Candidate examinations are established in philosophy, a foreign language and a special discipline. They are taken at universities with state accreditation, scientific institutions licensed to conduct educational activities in the field of postgraduate professional education, and at departments of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

The candidate exam in a special discipline is taken according to a program consisting of two parts: a standard program - at least in the specialty, developed by leading universities and research centers in the relevant industry and approved by the Ministry of Education, and an additional program developed by the relevant department (department, sector, laboratory). Candidate exams in philosophy and foreign languages ​​are taken according to sample educational programs developed and approved by the Ministry of Education.

Candidate examinations in a special discipline are taken at universities and scientific institutions that have postgraduate courses in this specialty. The other two exams can be taken at other universities or organizations. Thus, passing the candidate exam in philosophy is permitted in universities that have independent departments of philosophy, at the Institute of Philosophy and in the departments of philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, as well as in universities that have at least two teachers in the departments of social and humanities, one of whom must be Doctor of Philosophy, and the other may be a Candidate of Philosophy. Passing a candidate's exam in a foreign language required to complete a dissertation is allowed in institutions that have a postgraduate course in the field of science of the examinee and specialists of appropriate qualifications in this language, as well as in the foreign language departments of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the direction of the university or scientific institution. Persons specializing in foreign languages ​​or philosophy take the corresponding exams only in institutions that have postgraduate courses in these specialties.

Applicants for the academic degree of Candidate of Sciences take candidate exams locally

attachments. If the relevant institution does not have the right to take candidate exams in certain disciplines (philosophy, foreign language), their heads apply to other universities and scientific organizations with postgraduate courses, which, on the basis of the said petition, have the right to take candidate exams from graduate students and applicants.

To administer exams in each of the named disciplines, a special commission is created under the chairmanship of the head of the institution (or his deputy for scientific work). Members of the selection committee are appointed by its chairman from among highly qualified scientific, pedagogical and scientific personnel, including scientific supervisors of graduate students. The commission is authorized to accept candidate exams if at least two specialists in the profile of the exam being taken, including one doctor of science, participate in its meeting. In the absence of a Doctor of Philosophy in the department of philosophy, the committee for taking the candidate examination in philosophy as a general scientific discipline may include doctors of historical, economic, political and sociological sciences working at this department, and the commission for taking the candidate examination in a foreign language may include representatives departments of universities and departments of scientific institutions in the examinee’s specialty, having an academic degree and speaking a given language.

Candidate exams are taken, as a rule, twice a year in sessions lasting one to two months each. The dates and duration of the sessions are established by the rector of the university or the head of the scientific institution conducting the candidate examinations. If a dissertation work is submitted to the dissertation council, the candidate exam may be accepted outside the session deadlines.

Candidate examinations are conducted at the discretion of the examination committee with or without tickets. To prepare the answer, the applicant for an academic degree uses examination sheets, which are stored after taking the exam for a year.

For each applicant for an academic degree, a candidate examination protocol is filled out, which includes the ticket questions and questions asked of the applicant by members of the commission. The applicant’s level of knowledge is assessed as “excellent”, “good”, “satisfactory”, “unsatisfactory”. The protocol for accepting the candidate examination is signed by those members of the commission who were present at the examination, indicating their academic degree, academic title, position and specialty in accordance with the nomenclature of specialties of scientific workers. They are approved by the head of the institution and stored in the archive.

The applicant for an academic degree is issued certificate of passing the candidate exam the established form, and at the place where the last exam was taken, certificates of passing previous candidate exams are replaced with a single certificate.

In case of failure to appear for the candidate exam for a valid reason, the applicant may be allowed to take it during the current session. Repeated taking of the candidate exam during one session is not allowed. If the applicant does not agree with the decision of the examination committee, they can submit an application to the rector (head) of the institution within ten days, who may allow retaking the exam.

The legislation establishes a number of restrictions when passing candidate exams for senior staff of universities and scientific organizations. Thus, rectors (vice-rectors) of universities and heads of scientific institutions (their deputies) are not allowed to take candidate exams at their main place of work.

The Education Law mentions such a form of postgraduate education as residency. In accordance with the Regulations on clinical residency, approved by order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated February 17, 1993 154, it is part of the multi-level structure of higher medical education, a form of continuous professional education of doctors in medical universities and research institutions, in medical faculties of universities, at advanced training institutes for doctors. The purpose of residency training is to train, retrain and improve the qualifications of healthcare professionals. The training of clinical residents is carried out from the above-mentioned institutions, which were granted such a right by decision of the Ministry of Health, in the specialties provided for by the current “Nomenclature of Medical Specialties” (in accordance with the state educational standard, curriculum and program for each specialty).

Clinical residency training is carried out separately from the main place of work. Its duration is 2 years. Upon the recommendation of the academic council of the institution, the period of residency training can be increased to 5 years. Classes start on September 1st. Admission to residency is carried out based on the results of the competition after passing exams

in accordance with the rules established by the said institutions. Target figures for the admission of doctors to clinical residency are approved annually by the Ministry of Health. Admission on a contractual basis is carried out in excess of the target figures under contracts that provide for payment of tuition fees.

Clinical residents are paid a stipend in the amount established by law or determined by the referring institution. They are granted annual holidays, the duration of which is equal to that of practical doctors of the relevant specialty, and upon completion of training - a holiday of the corresponding duration. The duration of clinical residency training is counted toward the doctor’s work experience. Nonresident clinical residents are required to be provided with a dormitory.

The period of training in clinical residency is extended by order of the head of the institution that trains clinical residents, for the duration of maternity leave and child care in accordance with current legislation, as well as for a period of illness of the resident lasting more than a month, but not more than for the duration of the illness, in the presence of appropriate conclusions from medical institutions. In case of successful completion of the individual plan and with the appropriate level of professional training, early completion of training is possible. At the same time, the preparation time for residency must be at least 75% of the planned one. Clinical residents who have not started classes within 1 month or who have missed classes for more than 1 month without a valid reason, as well as who have not completed individual training plans within the established time frame, are subject to expulsion from residency upon the proposal of the head of the department (department, laboratory, etc.) . They may be reinstated in residency for the remainder of their training. Repeated training in clinical residency is allowed if the candidate needs to obtain another specialty.

The training of clinical residents is carried out according to an individual plan developed by the student together with a specially appointed employee of the department (department, laboratory, etc.) responsible for his training. The plan is being discussed at

meeting of the department (department, laboratory, etc.) and approved by the head of the department (department, laboratory, etc.) no later than a month from the date of enrollment in residency. The individual plan provides for passing tests in sections of the main specialty and related disciplines, as well as periodic reports at conferences of the department (department, laboratory, etc.) at least once a year. At the end of each year of study, certification is carried out in all aspects of training.

The volume of educational workload and treatment and preventive work in sections of specialties is determined by an individual plan. The resident must have at least two 12-hour shifts per month in accordance with the individual training plan. Payment for duty and other medical and preventive work not provided for by the individual plan is made at the expense of the medical and preventive institution. To undergo practical training, clinical residents can go on business trips for up to 30 days.

The teaching load of the teaching staff is calculated in the amount of 3 hours per week per clinical resident, with 75% of the training time allocated to studying the main specialty, 25% to studying related disciplines. The coefficient indicating the maximum load of the teaching staff in supervising the training of clinical residents is defined as 1: 3.75 (respectively - teacher and clinical resident).

Persons who have completed training in clinical residency are issued a certificate for a diploma of basic higher medical education of the established form. Doctors who entered clinical residency through free competition have the right to independent employment upon completion of training. Doctors enrolled in a targeted clinical residency, upon completion of training, are required to return to the disposal of the institutions (organizations) that sent them and have the right to terminate the employment contract in the manner prescribed by law. Institutions (organizations) that sent doctors for training in a targeted residency are obliged to employ them at the end of the training period for permanent work in a specialty not lower than the position they previously held.

Registration N 31137

In accordance with Part 11 of Article 13 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30, Art. 4036) and subparagraph 5.2.6 of the Regulations on the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 3, 2013 N 466 (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2013, N 23, Art. 2923; N 33, Art. 4386; N 37, Art. 4702), I order:

Approve the attached Procedure for organizing and implementing educational activities for educational programs of higher education - programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (adjunct studies).

Minister D. Livanov

Application

The procedure for organizing and carrying out educational activities in educational programs of higher education - programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (adjunct studies)

I. General provisions

1. This Procedure for the organization and implementation of educational activities in educational programs of higher education - programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (adjunct studies) (hereinafter referred to as the Procedure) determines the rules for the organization and implementation of educational activities in educational programs of higher education - programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in postgraduate (postgraduate) studies (hereinafter referred to as postgraduate (postgraduate) programs), including the features of organizing educational activities for students with disabilities.

2. Postgraduate (adjunct) programs are implemented by educational organizations of higher education, organizations of additional professional education, scientific organizations (hereinafter together - organizations) in order to create conditions for graduate students (adjuncts) (hereinafter - students) to acquire the level of knowledge and skills necessary for carrying out professional activities , skills, experience and preparation for the defense of a scientific qualification work (dissertation) for the degree of Candidate of Sciences.

3. Postgraduate (postgraduate) programs are independently developed and approved by the organization 1. Postgraduate (postgraduate) programs with state accreditation are developed by the organization in accordance with federal state educational standards and taking into account the relevant exemplary basic educational programs, including exemplary programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in postgraduate study, the development of which is ensured by federal executive authorities, in which legislation The Russian Federation provides for military or other service equivalent to it, service in internal affairs bodies, service in bodies for control over the circulation of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, and an educational organization of higher education, which has, in accordance with Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273 -FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (hereinafter referred to as the Federal Law) has the right to independently develop and approve educational standards, also in accordance with educational standards independently approved by such an organization (hereinafter referred to as independently approved educational standards).

4. Persons with an education of at least a higher education (specialist’s or master’s degree) 2 are allowed to study postgraduate (adjunct) programs.

5. Features of the organization and implementation of educational activities under postgraduate (postgraduate) programs in the field of training in the interests of defense and state security, ensuring law and order, as well as the activities of federal government organizations carrying out educational activities under postgraduate (postgraduate) programs and under their jurisdiction federal government bodies specified in Part 1 of Article 81 of the Federal Law are established by the relevant federal government bodies.

6. Higher education in postgraduate (adjunct) programs can be obtained:

in organizations engaged in educational activities, in full-time, part-time, correspondence forms of education, as well as with a combination of various forms of education;

outside these organizations in the form of self-education.

Forms of education and forms of training are established by federal state educational standards, as well as educational standards approved independently (hereinafter collectively referred to as educational standards). A combination of various forms of training established by the educational standard is allowed.

7. Postgraduate (postgraduate) programs are implemented in the areas of higher education preparation - training of highly qualified personnel in postgraduate training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel (hereinafter referred to as the areas of training).

8. The postgraduate (adjunct) program has a focus (profile) (hereinafter - focus), characterizing its orientation towards specific areas of knowledge and (or) types of activity and determining its subject-thematic content, the predominant types of educational activities of students and the requirements for the results of its development .

The organization establishes the focus of the postgraduate program (postgraduate study), specifying the orientation of the specified program on areas of knowledge and (or) types of activities within the scope of training.

The name of the postgraduate (postgraduate) program shall indicate the name of the area of ​​training and the focus of the specified program.

9. When carrying out educational activities under the postgraduate (postgraduate) program, the organization provides:

conducting training sessions in disciplines (modules) in the form of lectures, seminars, consultations, scientific and practical classes, laboratory work, colloquia, in other forms established by the organization;

conducting practices;

conducting research work, within the framework of which students carry out independent scientific research in accordance with the focus of the postgraduate (adjunct) program;

Carrying out quality control of mastering the postgraduate (adjunct) program through ongoing monitoring of academic performance, intermediate certification of students and final (state final) certification of students.

10. The postgraduate (adjunct) program, developed in accordance with the educational standard, consists of a mandatory part and a part formed by participants in educational relations (hereinafter referred to as the basic part and the variable part, respectively).

The basic part of the postgraduate (postgraduate) program is mandatory, regardless of the focus of the postgraduate (postgraduate) program, ensures the formation of competencies in students established by the educational standard, and includes disciplines (modules) established by the educational standard (for postgraduate (postgraduate) programs implemented in accordance with federal state educational standards, - disciplines (modules) “Foreign language” and “History and philosophy of science”, the scope and content of which are determined by the organization), and final (state final) certification.

The variable part of the postgraduate (adjunct) program is aimed at expanding and (or) deepening the competencies established by the educational standard, as well as developing in students the competencies established by the organization in addition to the competencies established by the educational standard (if the organization establishes these competencies), and includes themselves disciplines (modules) and practices established by the organization, as well as research work to the extent established by the organization. The content of the variable part is formed in accordance with the focus of the postgraduate (postgraduate) program.

Mandatory for students to master are the disciplines (modules) that are part of the basic part of the postgraduate (adjunct) program, as well as the disciplines (modules), practices and research work that are part of the variable part of the postgraduate (adjunct) program in accordance with the focus of the specified programs.

11. When implementing a postgraduate (postgraduate) program, the organization provides students with the opportunity to master optional (optional for study when mastering a postgraduate (postgraduate) program and elective (mandatory) disciplines (modules) in the manner established by the local regulatory act of the organization. Elective ones chosen by students disciplines (modules) are mandatory for mastering.

When providing inclusive education for people with disabilities and people with limited health capabilities, the organization includes specialized adaptation disciplines (modules) in the postgraduate (postgraduate) program.

When implementing a postgraduate (adjunct) program developed in accordance with the educational standard, elective and elective disciplines (modules), as well as specialized adaptive disciplines (modules) are included in the variable part of the specified program.

II. Organization of development and implementation of postgraduate programs (postgraduate studies)

12. The postgraduate (postgraduate) program is a complex of basic characteristics of education (volume, content, planned results), organizational and pedagogical conditions, forms of certification, which is presented in the form of general characteristics of the postgraduate (postgraduate) program, curriculum, academic calendar, work discipline programs (modules), practice programs, assessment tools, teaching materials, other components included in the postgraduate (adjunct) program by decision of the organization.

13. The postgraduate (postgraduate) program defines:

planned results of mastering a postgraduate (postgraduate) program - student competencies established by the educational standard, and student competencies established by the organization in addition to the competencies established by the educational standard, taking into account the focus (profile) of the postgraduate (postgraduate) program (if such competencies are established);

planned learning outcomes for each discipline (module), practice and research work - knowledge, abilities, skills and (or) operational experience that characterize the stages of developing competencies and ensuring the achievement of the planned results of mastering the postgraduate (adjunct) program.

14. The postgraduate (adjunct) program is a set of documents that is updated taking into account the development of science, culture, economics, technology, technology and the social sphere.

The procedure for the development and approval of postgraduate (postgraduate) programs is established by the organization.

Information about the postgraduate (adjunct) program is posted on the official website of the organization on the information and telecommunications network "Internet" (hereinafter referred to as the "Internet").

15. The choice of teaching methods and means, educational technologies and educational and methodological support for the implementation of a postgraduate study (postgraduate) program is carried out by the organization independently based on the need for students to achieve the planned results of mastering the specified program, as well as taking into account the individual capabilities of students with disabilities and persons with disabilities health.

16. When implementing postgraduate (postgraduate) programs, various educational technologies are used, including distance educational technologies, e-learning 3 .

When implementing postgraduate (adjunct) programs, a form of organization of educational activities can be used, based on the modular principle of presenting the content of the specified program and constructing curricula, using appropriate educational technologies 4 .

17. Postgraduate (adjunct) programs are implemented by the organization both independently and through network forms of their implementation 5.

The network form of implementation of postgraduate (postgraduate) programs provides the opportunity for students to master a postgraduate (postgraduate) program using the resources of several organizations engaged in educational activities, including foreign ones, and also, if necessary, using the resources of other organizations.

18. The volume of a postgraduate (adjunct) program (its component) is defined as the complexity of the student’s academic load when mastering the specified program (its component), including all types of his educational activities provided for by the curriculum to achieve the planned learning outcomes. The credit unit is used as a unified unit of measurement of the labor intensity of a student’s academic workload when indicating the volume of a postgraduate (adjunct) program and its components.

The volume of a postgraduate (postgraduate) program (its component) is expressed in an integer number of credit units.

A credit unit for postgraduate (adjunct) programs developed in accordance with federal state educational standards is equivalent to 36 academic hours (with an academic hour lasting 45 minutes) or 27 astronomical hours.

When implementing postgraduate (postgraduate) programs developed in accordance with educational standards approved by the organization, the organization sets the value of the credit unit to no less than 25 and no more than 30 astronomical hours.

The value of the credit unit established by the organization is uniform within the framework of the postgraduate study (postgraduate) program.

19. The volume of the postgraduate (postgraduate) program in credit units, not including the volume of elective disciplines (modules), and the terms of obtaining higher education in the postgraduate (postgraduate) program in various forms of training, when combining different forms of training, when using a network form of implementation of the postgraduate program (postgraduate studies), with accelerated training, the period for obtaining higher education in a postgraduate (postgraduate) program for disabled people and persons with disabilities is established by the educational standard.

20. The scope of the postgraduate (postgraduate) program does not depend on the form of education, form of training, combination of various forms of training, the use of e-learning, distance learning technologies, the use of a network form of implementation of the postgraduate (postgraduate) program, features of the individual curriculum, including accelerated training.

21. The volume of a postgraduate program (adjunct) implemented in one academic year, not including the volume of elective disciplines (modules) (hereinafter referred to as the annual volume of the program), for full-time study is 60 credit units, except for the cases established by paragraph 22 of the Procedure.

22. With full-time and part-time forms of education, with a combination of various forms of education, with the implementation of a postgraduate program (postgraduate studies) using exclusively e-learning, distance learning technologies, with the use of a network form of implementation of a postgraduate program (postgraduate studies), with the training of people with disabilities and persons with disabilities, as well as with accelerated training, the annual volume of the program is established by the organization in the amount of no more than 75 credit units (with accelerated training - not including the labor intensity of disciplines (modules) and practices, credited in accordance with paragraph 35 of the Procedure) and may vary for each school year.

23. Obtaining higher education under a postgraduate (adjunct) program is carried out within the time limits established by the educational standard, regardless of the educational technologies used by the organization.

24. The period for obtaining higher education in a postgraduate (adjunct) program does not include the time a student is on academic leave, maternity leave, or parental leave until the age of three years.

25. The development and implementation of postgraduate (postgraduate) programs are carried out in compliance with the requirements stipulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation on information, information technology and information protection.

26. The development and implementation of postgraduate (postgraduate) programs containing information constituting state secrets is carried out in compliance with the requirements stipulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation on state secrets.

III. Organization of the educational process in postgraduate (postgraduate) programs

27. In educational organizations, educational activities under postgraduate (adjunct) programs are carried out in the state language of the Russian Federation, unless otherwise established by Article 14 of the Federal Law. Teaching and studying the state language of the Russian Federation within the framework of state-accredited postgraduate (adjunct) programs are carried out in accordance with educational standards 6.

In state and municipal educational organizations located on the territory of the republic of the Russian Federation, teaching and learning of the state languages ​​of the republics of the Russian Federation may be introduced in accordance with the legislation of the republics of the Russian Federation. Teaching and studying the state languages ​​of the republics of the Russian Federation within the framework of state-accredited postgraduate (postgraduate) programs are carried out in accordance with educational standards. Teaching and learning the state languages ​​of the republics of the Russian Federation should not be carried out to the detriment of teaching and learning the state language of the Russian Federation 7 .

Higher education can be obtained in a foreign language in accordance with the postgraduate (adjunct) program and in the manner established by the legislation on education and local regulations of the organization 8.

The language and languages ​​of education are determined by local regulations of the organization in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation 9.

28. The educational process in the postgraduate (adjunct) program is divided into academic years (courses).

The academic year for full-time study begins on September 1. The organization may postpone the start of the academic year for full-time study by no more than 2 months.

For full-time and part-time forms of education, as well as for a combination of various forms of education, the start date of the academic year is set by the organization.

29. Vacations with a total duration of at least 6 weeks are established during the academic year. The period for obtaining higher education in a postgraduate (adjunct) program includes vacations provided at the request of the student after passing the final (state final) certification.

30. The list, labor intensity and distribution by periods of study of disciplines (modules), practices, research work, intermediate certification of students and final (state final) certification of students are determined by the curriculum of the postgraduate (adjunct) program. Based on the curriculum, an individual curriculum is formed for each student, which ensures the development of a postgraduate program (adjunct) based on individualization of its content and (or) training schedule, taking into account the level of readiness and the topic of the student’s research work.

31. No later than 3 months after enrollment in a postgraduate (adjunct) program, the student is assigned a scientific supervisor, and the topic of the research work is approved.

Requirements for the level of qualifications of scientific supervisors are determined by the educational standard. The number of students whose scientific supervision is simultaneously carried out by a scientific supervisor is determined by the head (deputy head) of the organization.

The student is given the opportunity to choose a topic for research work within the framework of the focus of the postgraduate program (postgraduate studies) and the main directions of the organization’s research activities.

The appointment of scientific supervisors and approval of research topics for students is carried out by administrative act of the organization.

32. Monitoring of the student’s implementation of the individual curriculum is carried out by the supervisor.

33. In the network form of implementation of postgraduate (postgraduate) programs, the organization, in the manner established by it, carries out crediting of learning results in disciplines (modules) and practices, conducting research work in other organizations participating in the implementation of postgraduate (postgraduate) programs.

34. When mastering a postgraduate (postgraduate) program, a student who has a diploma of completion of postgraduate (postgraduate) study, and (or) a candidate of sciences diploma, and (or) a doctor of sciences diploma, and (or) is studying in another postgraduate (postgraduate) program, and (or) has the ability and (or) level of development that allows him to master the postgraduate (postgraduate) program in a shorter period of time compared to the period for obtaining higher education in the postgraduate (postgraduate) program established by the organization in accordance with the educational standard, by decision of the organization is carried out accelerated training of such a student according to an individual curriculum in the manner established by the local regulatory act of the organization.

The decision to accelerate the training of a student is made by the organization on the basis of his personal application.

35. Reducing the period for obtaining higher education in a postgraduate (postgraduate) program with accelerated training is carried out by crediting (in the form of re-certification or re-crediting) in whole or in part the learning results in individual disciplines (modules), and (or) individual practices, and (or) individual types of research work and (or) by increasing the pace of mastering the postgraduate (postgraduate) program.

36. Transfer of a student to training with a combination of various forms of training is carried out with his written consent.

37. The use of a network form for the implementation of a postgraduate study (adjunct) program is carried out with the written consent of the student.

38. The organization of the educational process in postgraduate (adjunct) programs with a combination of various forms of training, using a network form of implementation of these programs, with accelerated training is carried out in accordance with the Procedure and local regulations of the organization.

Advertisement .

40. Quality control of mastering postgraduate (adjunct) programs includes ongoing monitoring of academic performance, intermediate certification of students and final (state final) certification of students.

41. Current monitoring of academic performance provides assessment of the progress of mastering disciplines (modules) and internships, intermediate certification of students - assessment of intermediate and final learning results in disciplines (modules), internships, and research work.

42. The forms, assessment system, procedure for conducting intermediate certification of students, including the procedure for establishing deadlines for passing the relevant tests for students who have not passed the intermediate certification for good reasons or who have academic debt, as well as the frequency of intermediate certification of students are established by local regulations of the organization.

43. Persons mastering a postgraduate (postgraduate) program in the form of self-education (if the educational standard allows for higher education in the corresponding postgraduate (postgraduate) program in the form of self-education), as well as persons who studied in a postgraduate (postgraduate) program that does not have state accreditation, may be enrolled as external students to undergo intermediate and state final certification in an organization that carries out educational activities under the appropriate postgraduate (adjunct) program that has state accreditation.

After the external student is enrolled, within the period established by the organization, but no later than 1 month from the date of enrollment, the external student’s individual curriculum is approved, providing for him to pass an intermediate and (or) state final certification.

The conditions and procedure for enrolling external students in the organization (including the procedure for establishing the terms for which external students are enrolled and the terms for them to pass intermediate and (or) state final certification) are established by the local regulatory act of the organization.

44. Persons who successfully pass the final (state final) certification are issued a document on education and qualifications. Persons who successfully pass the state final certification are issued a diploma of completion of postgraduate (adjunct) study, confirming receipt of higher education in a postgraduate (adjunct) program.

45. Persons who have not passed the final (state final) certification or received unsatisfactory results at the final (state final) certification, as well as persons who have completed part of the postgraduate (adjunct) program and (or) expelled from the organization, are issued a certificate of training or period training according to a model independently established by the organization 10.

IV. Features of the organization of the educational process in postgraduate (postgraduate) programs for disabled people and persons with limited health capabilities

The training of students with disabilities is carried out on the basis of postgraduate (adjunct) programs, adapted, if necessary, for the training of these students 12.

47. Training in postgraduate (adjunct) programs for people with disabilities and students with limited health capabilities is carried out by the organization, taking into account the characteristics of the psychophysical development, individual capabilities and health status of such students.

48. Educational organizations of higher education must create special conditions for students with disabilities to receive higher education in postgraduate (adjunct) programs.

Special conditions for obtaining higher education in postgraduate (adjunct) programs for students with disabilities are understood as the conditions for the education of such students, including the use of special educational programs and methods of teaching and upbringing, special textbooks, teaching aids and didactic materials, special technical teaching aids collective and individual use, providing the services of an assistant (assistant) who provides students with the necessary technical assistance, conducting group and individual correctional classes, providing access to the buildings of organizations and other conditions without which it is impossible or difficult for students with disabilities to master postgraduate programs (postgraduate studies) 14 .

49. In order to ensure accessibility of higher education in postgraduate (postgraduate) programs for disabled people and persons with limited health capabilities, the organization provides:

1) for disabled people and people with visual impairments:

the presence of an alternative version of the organization’s official website on the Internet for the visually impaired;

placement in places accessible to students who are blind or visually impaired and in an adapted form (taking into account their special needs) reference information about the schedule of training sessions (information should be in large, raised-contrast font (on a white or yellow background) and duplicated in Braille );

the presence of an assistant providing the student with the necessary assistance;

ensuring the production of alternative formats of printed materials (large print or audio files);

ensuring access for a student who is blind and uses a guide dog to the organization’s building;

2) for disabled people and people with hearing impairments: duplication of audio reference information about the schedule of training sessions

visual (installation of monitors with the ability to broadcast subtitles (monitors, their sizes and number must be determined taking into account the size of the room);

provision of appropriate audio means for reproducing information;

3) for disabled people and persons with disabilities who have musculoskeletal disorders, material and technical conditions must ensure the possibility of unhindered access for students to classrooms, canteens, toilets and other premises of the organization, as well as stay in these premises (presence of ramps, handrails, widened doorways, elevators, local lowering of barrier posts; the presence of special chairs and other devices).

50. Education of students with disabilities can be organized both together with other students, and in separate groups or in separate organizations 15.

51. When receiving higher education in postgraduate (adjunct) programs, students with disabilities are provided with free special textbooks and teaching aids, other educational literature, as well as the services of sign language interpreters and sign language interpreters 16.

1 Part 5 of Article 12 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

2 Part 4 of Article 69 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

3 Part 2 of Article 13 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

4 Part 3 of Article 13 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

5 Part 1 of Article 13 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

6 Part 2 of Article 14 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

7 Part 3 of Article 14 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

8 Part 5 of Article 14 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

9 Part 6 of Article 14 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

10 Part 12 of Article 60 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

11 Part 1 of Article 79 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

12 Part 8 of Article 79 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

13 Part 10 of Article 79 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

14 Part 3 of Article 79 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

15 Part 4 of Article 79 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

16 Part 11 of Article 79 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30 , Art. 4036).

1

This article is devoted to the study of the problem of the educational program for training highly qualified scientific and pedagogical personnel in connection with the legislative change in the status of graduate school in the Russian education system. The object of research in the article is the process of training graduate students. The search for new content of the educational program is associated with a modern interpretation of the understanding of the goals and results of graduate school. A contradiction has been identified in the new model of postgraduate study, which does not require a postgraduate student to compulsorily prepare and defend a PhD thesis, although initially postgraduate school was created to train highly qualified personnel, which is confirmed by the presence of an academic degree. Two main approaches to goal-setting of postgraduate training are analyzed: dissertation and qualification. The modern labor markets for graduates of graduate school and the competencies required for them are considered. The study has actualized the need to develop a postgraduate educational program that is adequate to the new conditions of its work and takes into account the goals and needs of all participants in this process, implemented at the intersection of education, science and business.

graduate school

dissertation for the degree of candidate of science

highly qualified scientific and pedagogical personnel

federal state educational standards

competencies

educational program

state final certification

qualification

1. Poor B.I. On the question of the purpose of postgraduate training (dissertation vs qualification) // Higher education in Russia. – 2016. – No. 3 (199). – P. 44–52.

2. Poor B.I. The role and structure of educational training in a new type of graduate school // Higher education in Russia. – 2013. – No. 12. – P. 78–89.

3. Bedny B.I., Mironos A.A., Ostapenko L.A. Professional employment of postgraduate graduates and directions for improving postgraduate programs // Higher education in Russia. – 2015. – No. 3. – P. 5–16.

4. Bedny B.I., Chuprunov E.V. On some directions of development of the system of training scientific personnel in higher education // Higher education in Russia. – 2012. – No. 11. – P. 4–15.

5. Vershinin I.V. Development of graduate school in Russia: solutions in the field of increasing the targeting of selection of applicants for training programs for highly qualified personnel // Science. Innovation. Education. – 2015. – No. 18. – P. 61–72.

6. Gvildis T.Yu. Experience and results of testing a universally oriented educational program for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school // Uchenye zapiski: scientific-theoretical journal. – 2015. – No. 2 (120). – pp. 38-43.

7. Gusev A.B. Development of graduate school in Russia: problems and solutions // Science. Innovation. Education. – 2015. – No. 17. – P. 196–224.

8. Statement of the Science Council under the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation on the modernization of graduate school, 03/31/2016 [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: http://www.sovetponauke.ru/info/31032016-declaration_postgraduate.

9. Education indicators: 2016: statistical collection / L.M. Gokhberg, I.Yu. Zabaturina, N.V. Kovaleva and others; National research University "Higher School of Economics". – M.: National Research University Higher School of Economics, 2016. – 320 p.

10. Karavaeva E.V., Malandin V.V., Pilipenko S.A., Teleshova I.G. First experience in the development and implementation of training programs for scientific and pedagogical personnel as programs of the third level of higher education: identified problems and possible solutions // Higher education in Russia. – 2015. – No. 8–9. – P. 5–15.

11. Kasatkin P.I., Inozemtsev M.I. Topical issues of organizing educational activities according to programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school // Higher education in Russia. – 2016. – No. 4 (200). – pp. 123–127.

12. Nechaev V.D., Brodovskaya E.V., Dombrovskaya A.Yu., Karzubov D.N. Directions for improving postgraduate programs in the enlarged group of specialties and areas “Education and Pedagogical Sciences”: results of an expert survey // Values ​​and Meanings. – 2016. – No. 5 (45). – P. 10-32.

13. Senashenko V.S. Problems of formation and development of graduate school based on the Federal State Educational Standard of the third level of higher education // Higher education in Russia. – 2016. – No. 3 (199). – P. 33–43.

14. Modern graduate school and the fate of the institute for advanced training: round table // Higher education in Russia. – 2014. – No. 7. – P. 71-85.

The relevance of the problem and topic of this article is due to the fact that in 2017, Russian graduate schools graduated the first graduate students who studied under the new conditions of reforming the graduate school institute. The “Law on Education in the Russian Federation” (273-FZ dated December 29, 2012) qualitatively changed the status of graduate school and its place in the education system, transforming it from postgraduate to the third level of higher education. The classification of postgraduate studies among the main professional educational programs of higher education as its third level is in line with the international standard classification of levels of higher education and corresponds to the practice of its implementation in Europe. Educational organizations develop postgraduate programs based on the List of areas of postgraduate training. “The procedure for organizing and carrying out educational activities in educational programs of higher education - programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (postgraduate studies)” regulates the training of graduate students in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standards (FSES of graduate school) in areas of training. During the training process, graduate students complete the curriculum, undergo internships and intermediate, and at the end of training - state final certification, the forms of which are a state exam and a scientific report on the main results of the prepared scientific-qualifying work (dissertation), upon successful completion of which they receive a diploma of completion of graduate school with the qualification “Researcher.” Teacher-researcher." Normative legal acts have also been adopted regulating the procedure for admission to graduate school and the procedure for conducting state final certification. Postgraduate educational programs are subject not only to licensing, but also to accreditation.

The change in the status of graduate studies is causing much debate in the academic community. Researchers, analyzing the first results of reforming graduate school, note the ambiguity of these innovations. Thus, in a statement by the Council for Science under the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated March 31, 2016, it is noted that the transition of graduate school from the level of postgraduate training to the level of higher education was “carried out mechanically, without taking into account the features of graduate school as a system for training scientific and pedagogical personnel.” The authors talk about the lack of elaboration, regulatory uncertainty, and internal inconsistency of the modern model of graduate school, associated primarily with the procedure for the state final certification of graduate students. Thus, the postgraduate training program regulated by the Federal State Educational Standard does not include the mandatory preparation and defense of a candidate's dissertation. It is also noted that the mechanisms for financial support of the reform are imperfect, which does not allow most educational organizations to implement innovative graduate programs, and the traditional disciplinary structure of the financial resources provided (admission benchmarks) does not correspond to either global trends or the structure of Russian research and development.

The work notes that Russian postgraduate education was not ready to implement structured educational programs in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard, and the goal of postgraduate training should be the defense of a candidate's dissertation.

Thus, it is obvious that in connection with the change in the status of graduate school, it is necessary to search for new approaches to the content of the educational program of graduate school, ensuring the effective training of highly qualified personnel. The contradiction becomes obvious between the new requirements that the main “consumers” of this process - the state, the scientific and pedagogical community and graduate students themselves - place on the system of training highly qualified personnel, the tasks that graduates of graduate school will have to solve, and the previous approaches to its implementation. resulting in low efficiency of this process. This contradiction allows us to identify a scientific problem - the need to develop a new concept for a postgraduate educational program, including both theoretical understanding and the development of its specific methodological support.

And the first priority in this process is to answer the question: what are the goals of modern graduate school? Researchers of postgraduate studies identify two main approaches to determining the purpose of postgraduate training: dissertation and qualification. Let's look briefly at each of them.

Supporters' position "dissertation" approach" is that the goal of graduate school should be the purposeful research work of a graduate student and, as a result, the defense of a dissertation, and the educational program established by the Federal State Educational Standard distracts graduate students from preparing a dissertation. According to , a candidate's dissertation must simultaneously improve and enrich science in a specific field of knowledge, and become a scientific-qualifying work that reveals the existing potential of a graduate student who has a set of certain competencies. The period of postgraduate study is associated not only with the development of educational programs of a structured model, but also with the most important process of self-actualization of the individual, with the identification, disclosure and development of the capabilities and abilities of the postgraduate student. In addition, researchers who adhere to the “dissertation” approach believe that basic academic and research competencies should be developed at the undergraduate and graduate levels, and during postgraduate study these competencies can only be developed and improved, mainly during research studies. work.

The main contradiction of the modern model of graduate school is, in our opinion, the fact that graduate school, which was originally created to train highly qualified personnel who receive an academic degree as a result of training, no longer sets the goal for the graduate student to prepare a dissertation for defense during the training process. If the previous regulatory legal act - “Federal state requirements for the structure of the main professional educational program of postgraduate professional education (postgraduate studies)” - clearly included the module “Preparation for the Defense of a Dissertation” in the postgraduate training program, then the current Federal State Educational Standards for postgraduate studies do not contain such a module (as and the module “Candidacy Exams”) and define as the goal of postgraduate training the formation of a certain set of competencies: universal, general professional and professional. Thus, preparing and defending a dissertation is not a mandatory task for a graduate student. We share the point of view of researchers about the significant weakening with this approach of the research component of graduate school, its “emasculation”.

In its turn "qualification approach" to the goal-setting of postgraduate training, which is reflected in the Federal State Educational Standard, recognizes the basis of postgraduate training as an organized educational process, the main goal of which is to prepare a competent specialist, ready equally for research and teaching activities, capable of planning and solving problems of his own professional and personal development, freely oriented in their own and related fields of science, recognizable in the scientific community, that is, having mastered a full set of universal, general professional and professional competencies, the list of which is enshrined in the Federal State Educational Standard for the corresponding field of training. According to the authors, educational programs for the training of postgraduate students should be focused on training personnel for the field of scientific and scientific-pedagogical activities, providing in-depth individual education with the priority of scientific research recognized in the world scientific community. These programs should be aimed at identifying and mastering the specifics of scientific, innovative and teaching activities in specific areas of scientific knowledge and developing in graduates a set of universal competencies necessary for building a professional career.

In our opinion, an important factor in determining the purpose of training postgraduate students and, accordingly, the content of the postgraduate educational program is the demand of the labor market. For whom does modern graduate school train personnel? Researchers have compiled a ranking of the importance of labor markets for graduates of graduate school. In this ranking, the first place is taken by the teaching staff of universities, the second place is taken by researchers of universities and research institutes, and the third place is taken by heads and managers of educational and scientific organizations. Each of these labor markets requires the formation of competencies that are significant for it. So, for the labor market PPP the most significant are the competencies in the field of using techniques and technologies of educational activities; competencies in the field of research activities; competencies in the field of personal self-development; ethical and communication competencies. For the research labor market: competencies in the field of research activities; competencies in the field of personal self-development; ethical and communication and information technology; competencies in the field of expert and analytical activities. For labor market for leaders and managers of educational and scientific organizations: competencies in the field of personal self-development; ethical, legal, project and organizational and management; competencies in the field of financial and fundraising activities; communication competencies. Of course, the main labor market for which postgraduate training is focused is the teaching staff of universities. It should be noted that in recent years, a rather unfavorable situation has developed for graduates of graduate school in this labor market. Analysis of statistical data shows a trend towards a reduction in the number of teaching jobs both in general and for individual positions of the teaching staff. Thus, if in the 2005/2006 academic year the number of teaching staff of higher education organizations was 358.9 thousand people, then in the 2014/2015 academic year there were only 299.8 thousand people. This circumstance, on the one hand, gives rise to the problem of employment of graduates, and on the other hand, it increases competition in the labor market, especially taking into account the growth in the number of graduate students in social sciences and humanities, and again raises the issue of the quality of training in graduate school.

Solving the problem of insufficient focus of postgraduate educational programs on the requirements of significant labor markets is possible through the development of educational programs in profiles that not only correspond to the range of specialties of scientific workers, but also take into account the target orientation towards key labor markets and the requirements for the competencies of graduates. We share the point of view of B.I. Bedny about the need for a versatile educational program of postgraduate training, aimed at developing the universal skills of postgraduate graduates, regardless of the scientific profile of their training. In addition, the experience of developing and testing a universally oriented educational program for training postgraduate students seems interesting.

Thus, the main debatable issue is whether graduate school should retain its previous form, where the main goal of training graduate students is the preparation and defense of a dissertation, or become a full-fledged third level of education with the obligatory mastery of the corresponding educational program in the field of preparation, implementation of the curriculum , passing tests, exams and not requiring the graduate student to defend a dissertation at the end.

If we turn to world practice, we can note two main types of graduate school: classical and structured. Postgraduate studies of the classical type work in accordance with the “teacher-student” model. Structured postgraduate study implies the full implementation of an educational program, the structure of which includes, first of all, compulsory dissertation work, in addition, a serious educational component aimed at developing the necessary professional competencies, and, finally, in-depth disciplinary and interdisciplinary training.

Thus, the problem is which model of graduate school is preferable for the modern Russian system of education and science. And the answer to this question directly depends on a clear understanding and clear formulation of the purpose of graduate school.

In our opinion, the goal of a graduate student’s education should be the preparation and defense of a candidate’s dissertation. This should be defined in the educational program in the form of an independent block, such as, for example, the blocks “Disciplines (modules)”, “Practices”, “Scientific research”. The state final certification program for postgraduate students must include the presentation of a dissertation as a form of State Examination.

Based on the stated goal of training postgraduate students, some of the tasks of forming a postgraduate educational program include the following:

Taking into account in the process of teaching graduate students the requirements of the professional standard of a pedagogical and scientific-pedagogical worker, reflecting the structure of the professional activity of a higher school teacher, who in his work implements gnostic, design, construction, organizational and communicative labor functions;

Ensuring continuity and integration of research training at the master's and postgraduate levels, while eliminating repetition and duplication of disciplines and modules from master's programs in the postgraduate educational program and strengthening the formation of additional competencies necessary for the successful completion of scientific research, competent design and presentation of its results;

Using the full potential of existing scientific schools, since ensuring a high level of training of researchers is possible only on the basis of competitive scientific and pedagogical teams with decent infrastructural and financial support for research. The relevance of the topics of graduate students' dissertation research will ensure their participation in the implementation of long-term and promising scientific projects;

Construction of a postgraduate educational program based on monitoring of the modern labor market, application of methods, means and forms of training for postgraduate students, developing competencies in demand in this market;

Possibilities for designing individual educational trajectories of postgraduate students in the postgraduate educational program.

Thus, we share the opinion of researchers that the problem of developing an educational program for training postgraduate students is a practical task that can be solved if there is a clear idea of ​​the ultimate goal of postgraduate work in Russia and its expected result. Goal setting in this case should be based on the fact that the uniqueness of graduate school as an institution lies in its infrastructure for business, science and education.

Bibliographic link

Kapshutar M.A. EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM OF GRADUATE STUDY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GOALS OF POST-GRADUATE TRAINING // Modern problems of science and education. – 2017. – No. 5.;
URL: http://science-education.ru/ru/article/view?id=26934 (access date: 02/07/2020). We bring to your attention magazines published by the publishing house "Academy of Natural Sciences"

Application. The procedure for organizing and carrying out educational activities in educational programs of higher education - programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (adjunct studies)

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation of November 19, 2013 N 1259
"On approval of the Procedure for organizing and implementing educational activities in educational programs of higher education - programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (adjunct studies)"

With changes and additions from:

In accordance with Part 11 of Article 13 of the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation” (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2012, N 53, Art. 7598; 2013, N 19, Art. 2326; N 30, Art. 4036) and subparagraph 5.2.6 of the Regulations on the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 3, 2013 N 466 (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2013, N 23, Art. 2923; N 33, Art. 4386; N 37, Art. 4702), I order:

Approve the attached Procedure for organizing and implementing educational activities for educational programs of higher education - programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (adjunct studies).

D.V. Livanov

Registration N 31137

The procedure for organizing and carrying out educational activities in educational programs of higher education - training of scientific and pedagogical personnel in postgraduate (adjunct) studies - has been established.

Postgraduate (adjunct) programs are implemented by educational organizations of higher education, organizations of additional professional education, and scientific organizations. The goal is to create conditions for graduate students (adjuncts) to acquire the level of knowledge, skills, abilities, and experience necessary for professional activity and prepare for the defense of a scientific qualification work (dissertation) for the academic degree of Candidate of Sciences.

Programs are independently developed and approved by the organization. Particular attention is paid to organizing the development and implementation of such.

The postgraduate (adjunct) program, developed in accordance with the educational standard, consists of a mandatory part and a part formed by participants in educational relations (basic and variable parts).

Persons with at least a higher education (specialist's or master's degree) are allowed to study postgraduate (postgraduate) programs.

Higher education in postgraduate (adjunct) programs can be obtained in full-time, part-time, part-time, correspondence forms of study, as well as a combination of various forms (in organizations engaged in educational activities). Outside of these organizations - in the form of self-education.

The procedure for organizing the educational process in postgraduate (postgraduate) programs is described in detail. Thus, no later than 3 months after enrollment, the student is assigned a scientific supervisor, and the topic of the research work is approved.

The student has the opportunity to choose the topic of research work within the framework of the focus of the postgraduate program (postgraduate study) and the main directions of the organization’s research activities.

Persons who successfully pass the state final certification are issued a diploma of completion of postgraduate study (postgraduate studies), confirming receipt of higher education in the relevant program.

The features of the organization of the educational process in postgraduate (postgraduate) programs for disabled people and persons with limited health capabilities are highlighted.

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated November 19, 2013 N 1259 "On approval of the Procedure for organizing and implementing educational activities in educational programs of higher education - programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (postgraduate studies)"

Registration N 31137

This order comes into force 10 days after the day of its official publication

General provisions

Training in educational programs of higher education - programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in postgraduate (adjunct) studies (hereinafter - postgraduate programs) is carried out in accordance with the requirements of: Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation”; The procedure for organizing and carrying out educational activities in educational programs of higher education - programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (postgraduate studies), approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated November 19, 2013 No. 1259 (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on January 28, 2014, registration No. 31137) (hereinafter referred to as the Procedure for Postgraduate Study). Higher education in postgraduate programs can be obtained: in full-time, part-time, part-time, correspondence forms of study, as well as a combination of various forms of study; in the form of self-education. Forms of education and forms of training are established by federal state educational standards (hereinafter referred to as Federal State Educational Standards). A combination of various forms of training established by the Federal State Educational Standard is allowed. This section of the portal provides information about postgraduate studies in accordance with currently applicable legislation and regulations.

Postgraduate programs

Postgraduate programs are independently developed and approved by the organization. To obtain state accreditation of educational activities for postgraduate programs, these programs must be developed by the organization in accordance with the relevant Federal State Educational Standards and taking into account the corresponding approximate basic educational programs. Postgraduate programs are implemented in the areas of higher education preparation - training of highly qualified personnel in programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in postgraduate school (hereinafter referred to as areas of postgraduate training). The postgraduate program has a focus (profile), characterizing its orientation towards specific areas of knowledge and (or) types of activity. The organization independently determines the focus of the graduate program. The name of the postgraduate program indicates the name of the direction of training in postgraduate study and the focus of the specified program. The postgraduate program, developed in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard, consists of a mandatory part and a part formed by participants in educational relations (hereinafter referred to as the basic part and the variable part, respectively).

The basic part of the postgraduate program is mandatory, regardless of the focus of the postgraduate program and includes:

a) disciplines (modules) established by the Federal State Educational Standard;

b) final (state final) certification. The variable part of the postgraduate program is aimed at expanding and (or) deepening the competencies established by the Federal State Educational Standard, as well as developing in students the competencies established by the organization in addition to the competencies established by the Federal State Educational Standard (if the organization establishes such competencies), and includes:

a) disciplines (modules) and practices established by the organization;

b) research work to the extent established by the organization. The content of the variable part is formed in accordance with the focus of the postgraduate program.

The following are required for students to master:

a) disciplines (modules) included in the basic part of the postgraduate program;

b) disciplines (modules), practices and research work included in the variable part of the postgraduate program.

When implementing a postgraduate program, the organization provides students with the opportunity to master optional (optional for study when mastering the postgraduate program) and elective (mandatory) disciplines (modules) in the manner established by the local regulatory act of the organization. The elective disciplines (modules) chosen by the student are mandatory for mastering. When implementing a postgraduate program developed in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard, optional and elective disciplines (modules) are included in the variable part of the specified program.

Contents of postgraduate programs

The procedure for developing and approving postgraduate programs is established by the organization. The postgraduate program defines:

a) the planned results of mastering the postgraduate program - the competencies of students established by the Federal State Educational Standard, and the competencies of students established by the organization in addition to the competencies established by the Federal State Educational Standard (if such competencies are established);

b) planned learning outcomes for each discipline (module), practice and research work - knowledge, abilities, skills and (or) experience that characterize the stages of developing competencies and ensuring the achievement of the planned results of mastering the postgraduate program.

The postgraduate program is a set of documents (which presents the volume, content of the postgraduate program, planned results, curriculum, academic calendar, work programs of disciplines (modules), practice programs, assessment tools, methodological materials, other components included in the postgraduate program by decision of the organization), which is updated taking into account the development of science, culture, economics, technology, technology and the social sphere. Postgraduate programs are implemented by the organization both independently and through network forms of their implementation (that is, using the resources of several organizations).

Scope of the postgraduate program

The volume of a postgraduate program is defined as the labor intensity of a student’s academic load when mastering the specified program, which includes all types of his educational activities provided for by the curriculum to achieve the planned learning outcomes.

The credit unit is used as a unified unit of measurement of the labor intensity of a student’s academic workload when indicating the volume of a postgraduate program and its components. A credit unit for postgraduate programs developed in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standards is equivalent to 36 academic hours (with an academic hour lasting 45 minutes).

The volume of the postgraduate program in credit units, not including the volume of elective disciplines (modules), and the terms of obtaining higher education in the postgraduate program in various forms of study, with a combination of various forms of study, when using the network form of the postgraduate program, with accelerated training, the period for obtaining higher education education in the postgraduate program for persons with disabilities and persons with limited health capabilities are established by the Federal State Educational Standard.

The volume of a postgraduate program implemented in one academic year, not including the volume of elective disciplines (modules) (hereinafter referred to as the annual volume of a postgraduate program), for full-time study is 60 credit units. With full-time and correspondence forms of education, with a combination of various forms of training, with the implementation of a postgraduate program using exclusively e-learning, distance learning technologies, with the use of a network form of implementation of a postgraduate program, with the training of disabled people and persons with limited health capabilities, as well as with In accelerated studies, the annual volume of the postgraduate program is set by the organization in the amount of no more than 75 credit units and may vary for each academic year.

Receiving higher education in a postgraduate program is carried out within the time limits established by the Federal State Educational Standard, regardless of the educational technologies used by the organization. The period for obtaining higher education in a postgraduate program does not include the time a student is on academic leave, maternity leave, or parental leave until the age of three years.

Academic years (courses)

The educational process in the postgraduate program is divided into academic years (courses). The academic year for full-time study begins on September 1. The organization may postpone the start of the academic year for full-time study by no more than 2 months.

For full-time and part-time forms of education, as well as for a combination of various forms of education, the start date of the academic year is set by the organization. During the academic year, there are holidays with a total duration of at least 6 weeks. The period for obtaining higher education in a postgraduate program includes vacations provided at the request of the student after passing the final (state final) certification.

Individual curriculum

Based on the curriculum of the postgraduate program, an individual curriculum is formed for each student, which ensures mastery of the postgraduate program based on the individualization of its content. Monitoring the student’s implementation of the individual curriculum is carried out by his supervisor.

Scientific supervisor of a graduate student, topic of the graduate student’s research work

No later than 3 months after enrollment in a postgraduate program, the student is assigned a supervisor, and the topic of the research work is approved. Requirements for the level of qualifications of scientific supervisors are determined by the Federal State Educational Standard. The number of students whose scientific supervision is simultaneously carried out by a scientific supervisor is determined by the head (deputy head) of the organization. The student is given the opportunity to choose a topic for research work within the framework of the focus of the postgraduate program and the main directions of the organization's research activities. The appointment of scientific supervisors and approval of topics for research work by students is carried out by an administrative act of the organization.

Quality control of postgraduate programs

Quality control of postgraduate programs includes:

a) ongoing monitoring of academic performance (assessment of the progress of mastering disciplines (modules) and internships);

b) intermediate certification of students (assessment of intermediate and final learning results in disciplines (modules), internships, and research work);

c) final (state final) certification of students. The procedure for conducting intermediate certification of students, including the procedure for establishing deadlines for passing the relevant tests for students who have not passed the intermediate certification for good reasons or who have academic debt, as well as the frequency of conducting intermediate certification of students are established by the local regulations of the organization.

Externs

Persons mastering a postgraduate program in the form of self-education (if allowed by the Federal State Educational Standard), as well as persons studying in a postgraduate program that does not have state accreditation, can be enrolled as external students to undergo intermediate and state final certification in an organization carrying out educational activities in accordance with the relevant qualification. state accreditation of the postgraduate program. After the external student is enrolled, within the period established by the organization, but no later than 1 month from the date of enrollment, the external student’s individual curriculum is approved, providing for him to pass an intermediate and (or) state final certification. The conditions and procedure for enrolling external students in the organization (including the procedure for establishing the terms for which external students are enrolled and the terms for them to pass intermediate and (or) state final certification) are established by the local regulatory act of the organization.

Documents on postgraduate studies

Persons who successfully pass the final (state final) certification are issued a document on education and qualifications. Persons who successfully pass the state final certification are issued a diploma of completion of postgraduate study, confirming receipt of higher education in a postgraduate program. Persons who have not passed the final (state final) certification or received unsatisfactory results at the final (state final) certification, as well as persons who have completed part of the postgraduate program and (or) were expelled from the organization, are issued a certificate of training or a period of study according to the sample, independently established by the organization.

Additional information (detailed comments and explanations) can be found on the portal,