Documentary. "Antarctica

2. The coldest place on Earth is a high ridge in Antarctica, where the temperature was recorded at -93.2 °C.

3. In some areas of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (the ice-free part of Antarctica) there has been no rain or snow for the last 2 million years.

5. In Antarctica there is a waterfall with water as red as blood, which is explained by the presence of iron, which oxidizes upon contact with air.

9. There are no polar bears in Antarctica (they are only in the Arctic), but there are many penguins.

12. Melting ice in Antarctica caused a slight change in gravity.

13. In Antarctica there is a Chilean town with a school, hospital, hotel, post office, Internet, TV and a network for mobile phones.

14. The Antarctic ice sheet has existed for at least 40 million years.

15. There are lakes in Antarctica that never freeze due to the heat emanating from the bowels of the Earth.

16. The highest temperature ever recorded in Antarctica was 14.5 °C.

17. Since 1994, the use of sled dogs has been prohibited on the continent.

18. Mount Erebus in Antarctica is the southernmost active volcano on Earth.

19. Once upon a time (more than 40 million years ago) it was as hot in Antarctica as in California.

20. There are seven Christian churches on the continent.

21. Ants, whose colonies are distributed over almost the entire land surface of the planet, are absent from Antarctica (as well as from Iceland, Greenland and several remote islands).

22. The territory of Antarctica is larger than Australia by approximately 5.8 million square kilometers.

23. Most of Antarctica is covered with ice, approximately 1% of the land is free from ice cover.

24. In 1977, Argentina sent a pregnant woman to Antarctica so that the Argentine baby would become the first person born on this harsh continent.

Part (film) No. 1

Ocean waves.

Letter entitled "Instructions of His Imperial Majesty"

Portraits of admirals F.F. Bellingshausen and M.P. Lazarev.

Seagull over the waves.

Map with the south pole in the center.

Penguin on an ice floe.

Portrait of the English navigator James Cook.

Landscape with ice in the sea and the setting sun.

The globe is spinning.

Flying over a snowy plain and an icebreaker paving a waterway.

People on the snow at night in the light of spotlights.

Scientists at a table with maps are discussing the problem of saving the drifting ship "Mikhail Somov".

Pilots in the helicopter cockpit.

A typewriter is typing a text about the ice situation in the Mikhail Somov area.

The ship is captivated by ice.

People on the deck under the light of the lanterns.

Ship's laboratory, scientist processes results.

Walking through the corridors of the ship.

Photo portrait of M. Somov in a frame on the wall.

Ice near the North Pole.

Newsreel of the 1950s: polar station "North Pole - 2"

The car is heading towards the plane.

Head of the drifting station "SP-2" M.M. Somov.

Expedition members shoot in the air, salute in honor of the raising of the USSR flag.

Shadow on the surface of the sea from a flying airplane.

Tents in the snow.

A mother bear with two cubs on an ice floe.

Academician Alexey Treshnikov gives an interview (synchronously) about why people go to the polar regions.

Newsreel, 1955: a plane flies by.

A crowd of people with flowers at the airport.

Participants of drifting expeditions descend from the plane along the ramp.

Heads of stations "SP-3" and "SP-4": Alexey Treshnikov and Evgeny Tolstikov.

View of the airfield from the top point.

Evgeniy Tolstikov gives an interview (synchronously), talks about the meeting at which the issue of an expedition to Antarctica under the leadership of M. Somov was decided.

Newsreel 1955: a ship sails into the sea.

On board the ship are members of an expedition to Antarctica.

Leader M. Somov shows the tent assembled on the deck.

Somov M.M. - Soviet oceanologist, polar explorer, Doctor of Geographical Sciences, Hero of the Soviet Union. Treshnikov A.F. - Russian oceanologist, geographer, researcher of the Arctic and Antarctic, professor, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Tolstikov E.I. - Soviet scientist and polar explorer, Hero of the Soviet Union.

Calendar

Filming locations

Moscow Antarctica

Part (film) No. 2

Newsreel 1955: sheer ice cliff.

The captain is in the control room, looking through binoculars.

Mechanism for transmitting commands to the engine room.

Shadow on the ice of people on the deck of a ship.

Conventional map of the world, the dotted line shows the ship's path to Antarctica.

Arrival on the map, route ending point: Depot Bay.

A man plays with a penguin and tries to put a hat on it.

Three explorers go on skis to explore.

A man fires upward from a rocket launcher.

An aerial view of the ice of Antarctica.

A typewriter prints a text about the work to organize the base camp.

Airplane takeoff from an icy surface.

A man digs a car out of the snow with a shovel.

Antarctic station "Mirny".

Indoors there are people doing various activities.

PNRM. in the dining room.

Food is being cooked in a saucepan.

A seismologist is working at his desk, and there is a cat on the table.

General photo of the expedition participants (composed of individual portraits).

A helicopter is on the ground, the propeller is spinning, suitcases and bags are in the foreground.

A group of polar explorers near a crawler-mounted all-terrain vehicle.

Those leaving say goodbye.

People climb into a helicopter.

View from a helicopter taking off at the Antarctic Observatory.

A passenger sits at the window with a camera in his hands.

Filming from the 1950s: members of the expedition are digging snow and setting up a base station site.

An airplane is being unloaded from a ship onto the ice.

View of the ship with the inscription "Ob" on board.

Danish flag on the ship "KISTA DAN"

The Danes come ashore from the boat and visit Mirny.

The cameraman films as the all-terrain vehicle drives.

Close-up: a hand makes notes in a notebook with a pencil.

A. Treshnikov looks at his watch.

Close-up: clock dial, hands showing 24:00.

Metal barrels are burning.

The all-terrain vehicle goes through the snow.

A. Treshnikov inside the car.

Shot into the sky from a rocket launcher.

Participants of a polar expedition to the planet's south magnetic pole.

Organization of the Vostok base, raising the USSR flag.

All-terrain vehicle mounted on a pedestal.

A meteorologist takes instrument readings.

The plane lands.

Pilots and navigator at work.

The inscription on the IL-14 plane "Aeroflot.

Polar Aviation".

A group of people.

Treshnikov A.F. - Russian oceanologist, geographer, researcher of the Arctic and Antarctic, professor, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

Calendar

1955 02/13/1956 1950s

Filming locations

Antarctic

Part (film) No. 3

An all-terrain vehicle is driving.

Unloading the aircraft.

The hand turns the radio frequency search knob.

A radio operator at work at the expedition's communication point.

A teletype machine prints text about the construction of a Uruguayan polar station.

A column with arrows indicating the distance from Vostok to other stations and cities (15621 km to Moscow).

Local cinema.

Drillers at work.

The youngest member of the expedition, Alexey Rakhmanov, speaks.

A French scientist works at the Soviet Vostok station.

Blocks of snow are cut out and stored for water storage.

The polar explorer's face is covered in icicles.

Flags of the USSR, France, etc.

An all-terrain vehicle is carrying a platform with blocks of snow.

After the bath, the man wipes himself with a towel.

Undressed men sit in the dressing room at the table.

Working indoors, readings from various instruments.

A French scientist gives an interview (synchronously) about his work in Antarctica.

PNRM. from an airplane taking off to the sign "East of the USSR".

View from an airplane of his shadow moving across the snow.

People on the ground and on the deck of the ship wave to each other.

The flags of the USSR, France and Norway flutter in the wind above the building.

Map of Antarctica with flags indicating the location of the polar stations, Mirny and Vostok.

Penguins on ice.

PNRM. on station buildings.

Signboard of the Antarctic Meteorological Center (AMC) "Molodezhnaya. 1962".

Flying over the buildings of one of the polar stations.

Computer center, reels with magnetic film spinning.

Preparing to launch a meteorological rocket.

Scientists and technicians work with instruments.

Unloading a bulldozer from a ship with a crane.

Flags of different countries flutter in the wind.

A German scientist gives an interview (synchronously) about his work at Soviet polar stations to study solar radiation.

Memorial plaque in honor of scientists who died in a fire in 1960.

Filming locations

Antarctic

Newsreel from 1959: the American flag at the Amundsen-Scott base near the South Pole.

PNRM. for a group of polar explorers.

Raising the Soviet flag.

Nearby there are masts with flags: the USSR and the USA.

All-terrain vehicles.

Diploma of A. Kapitsa as a participant in the “round-the-world trip”.

Pilot at the controls of an airplane, navigator at the workplace.

Passengers in the aircraft cabin.

View from an airplane of the ice of Antarctica.

Newsreel from 1962: a plane is running across an ice field.

Polar explorers greet the arrivals.

A rally speaker with a microphone is applauded by meeting participants.

Distributing letters from home, expedition members reading newspapers.

Postcard in hand with a portrait of the first cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin.

Map of Antarctica.

Articles in the newspaper “Towards my native home”, “Native shores are getting closer and closer”.

Filming in 1985: a helicopter view of the icebreaker sailing among the ice and the ship "Mikhail Somov", freed from ice captivity.

Meeting of returning polar explorers.

Posters “Hurray for Somovites!”, “Glory to Soviet polar explorers”, etc.

The ship "Mikhail Somov" is approaching the pier.

Sailors' orchestra.

Artur Chilingarov speaks at the microphones (synchronously and behind the scenes) about the authority of the Soviet country in the development of Antarctica.

PNRM. by name on board the ship: "Mikhail Somov"

Aerial view of the ice.

Kapitsa A.P. - Soviet and Russian geographer and geomorphologist, corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Chilingarov A.N. - Soviet and Russian explorer of the Arctic and Antarctic, oceanologist, statesman and politician.

Calendar

1957 1959 1962 1985

Filming locations

Antarctic

For nine months of the year these people are completely cut off from the world. Even from the International Space Station, in case of an emergency, evacuation is possible. From here - no. This is Antarctica, the southernmost continent on Earth. No one filmed the daily life of polar explorers. A journalist cannot spend a year with his hero - it’s too long and too dangerous. Therefore, the polar explorers themselves filmed their everyday life, exclusively for Channel One, from the very departure from the port of St. Petersburg to Antarctica until the return home.

You will learn how hard it is to get drinking water for those who have a kilometer of frozen water under their feet. Why do you need sunscreen at minus 50? Why did the audience wear headphones at Metallica's only Antarctic concert? And what does the cemetery at the South Pole look like? A unique chance to visit icy Antarctica without leaving a warm apartment.

Viktor Vinogradov, the head of the 61st expedition, became our eyes in Antarctica. It shows how and where polar explorers live, what they eat and where they receive treatment. By the way, there must be two doctors at each station. This rule is literally written in blood.

In 1961, Leonid Rogozov took part in the Antarctic expedition. He was the only doctor at the station: at the same time a therapist, a dentist, and in general, as they say, a general specialist. But by first education Leonid was a surgeon. This is what saved him. On April 30, he felt very unwell. Rogozin himself diagnosed himself with acute appendicitis. And he himself prescribed treatment - emergency surgery. There were no other doctors at the station. And he had to perform the operation on himself. The film contains unique photos and a story about the future fate of the surgeon.

It's cold in Antarctica, everyone knows that. But we hardly imagine how cold it is there. The record was recorded in 1983 – minus 89 degrees. But the cold is not the only problem. Add to the severe frosts constant winds of about 50 meters per second. Plus the ozone hole. It was first discovered over Antarctica in 1985. Due to the ozone hole, there is strong ultraviolet radiation here. Reflecting off the snow, the sun's rays become so dangerous that they can literally burn your eyes and skin. So the profession of a polar explorer can be considered one of the most heroic.

Taking part in the film:

Viktor Vinogradov, polar explorer, head of the Antarctic station "Mirny"

Hieromonk Palladius (Bystrov), resident of the Holy Trinity Sergius Lavra, polar explorer

Valery Lukin, head of the Russian Antarctic Expedition

Maria Dukalskaya, acting Director of the Museum of the Arctic and Antarctic

Arseniy Martinchik, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Biotechnology

Nikolai Kornilov, honorary polar explorer, oceanographer

Alexander Klimenko, polar explorer, electrician

Vladimir Fedotov, honorary polar explorer

Sergey Vinokurov, polar explorer, surgeon

Sergey Grigoriev, polar explorer, anesthesiologist

Director: K. Murashev

Production:"Contrast", 2017

Traveling to the shores of Antarctica, even on board a cruise ship, is an adventure. Going to the White Continent under sail, like Bellingshausen 200 years ago, is a doubly adventure. The Around the World correspondent worked for 22 days as a sailor on the Antarctic expedition of the barque Europe.

The ship, originally named Senator Brockes, was built at a Hamburg shipyard in 1911 to serve as a lightship on the Elbe River. In the eighties, when automated buoys began to be used for navigation, the ship was bought by a Dutch entrepreneur and converted into a high-speed three-masted barque. Today, the sailing ship, named “Europe,” makes training voyages, including across the Atlantic and to the shores of Antarctica.

Inside, the barque is simply huge: you don’t expect to see such a long corridor with a large number of cabins, a rest room, a lecture hall, a kitchen and many utility rooms. In a cabin where five people live, someone is constantly walking somewhere, saying something, rummaging through things - it is almost impossible to sleep or work peacefully. But each cabin is equipped with a shower and toilet and there is always electricity. The quietest place is the library at the back of the ship. Probably, in the days of pirates, there would have been a captain's cabin here.

Each of the 48 passengers is required to become part of the crew for the duration of the voyage and participate in the management of the ship. We were all divided into three groups: red, white and blue. Each group is on duty for 4 hours, break - 8 hours. The watch can be on patrol (you make sure that there are no other ships or icebergs on the course), at the helm (you stick to a given course, counteracting the side wind). Those who are not afraid climb the masts and work with the sails.

In Antarctica, local traffic rules apply: give way to penguins, do not come closer than five meters to them, do not trample penguin paths, and also do not step on any plants, including moss, and do not take stones, branches, or feathers with you. or bones. My comrades gave me the nickname Five Meters, because one Finnish woman from the main team kept running after me and shouting: “Vladimir, Vladimir, you can’t get closer than five meters to the penguins!”

There is heavy snow and storm in the Drake Passage. The bark is reclining, the waves are crashing against the side, shaking the hull, as if in a shipwreck. There are already icebergs on the way. A couple of times it became scary: it seemed that the ship was about to capsize, although the calmness of the main crew suggested that this was a common thing for them. In the end we had to take off the sails and move on by motor.

The grown penguin chicks are almost the size of an adult bird, but still covered with down, and are herded into large groups, the so-called nurseries. Each group is accompanied by a pair of adult penguins, while the rest of the parents are busy searching for food. Albatrosses and petrels live side by side with penguins, for which penguin chicks straying from the crèche are easy prey. When a predator steals a chick, the “educators,” unable to protect the baby, simply stand and watch the tragedy. There are bones everywhere here. Everyone eats each other and lives right there, together.

Leroux Bay is the extreme point (latitude 65° 36") that we managed to reach on our ship. To the south - only by icebreaker. The pole is still far away, but to the north there are already the Ukrainian research station "Akademik Vernadsky" and the British Antarctic Museum Port Lockroy ( We were greeted very cordially at both bases.) In previous years, we would have had to retreat earlier - the sea in these latitudes was bound by a continuous thickness of ice. Now even in Antarctica it has become warmer.

It seems that in the cold, and most importantly, in the absence of people, things can be preserved indefinitely in their original form. The Wordy House, a cabin on Winter Island, has been vacant since 1960. Canned goods and books are neatly arranged on the shelves, and typewriters and radios still seem to be working. Light the fireplace, sit back, read...

On the 13th day of sailing, when we turned towards home, I saw for the first time a small piece of blue sky - before that Antarctica was a complete gray, despite the snow. It's funny: there are 60 people per 50 meters of the ship's length. The complete lack of personal space for 22 days is the real test, and not the cold or pitching. The first person to jump ashore after we moored in Ushuaia, Argentina, shouting “Freedom!” was me.