Test “One-part sentences. One-part sentences (8th grade) Russian language option 2 Old Russian architects

Option 3.

Mandatory part

1.(1 point). Determine in which words the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound is incorrectly highlighted. Write these words down and put the correct emphasis.

took, started, bows, utterly

2. (1 point). Write down, insert the missing letters s - and after c in the words:

Strong muscles..., church performers, an impending c...clone.

3. (1 point) Write down and insert the desired ending into the nouns:

Order of attack..., sing at the conservatory..., find out about enrollment...

4. (1 point). Fill in the missing letters in the words. Write them down in two columns.

Pr...kind person, pr...ugly boy, pr...encourage a friend, pr...pretty girl, pr...give a lesson, pr...being a train.

6. (1 point) Determine which phrases contain errors. Write it correctly.

Several nobles, a pair of boots, six oranges, many fables.

7. (1 point) Identify the mistakes made related to incorrect determination of the gender of nouns, and write down the correct phrases.

Smart chimpanzee, narrow avenue, delicious kohlrabi, ground coffee.

8. (1 point) Fill in the missing letters. Write down sentences that contain a word with the letter b missing?

It's easy to breathe. It's hard for him to apologize. All come true.

9. (1 point) Write a line in which all words contain the letter A.

1) cartoon, absorb, embody, broadcast;

2) bless..bless, spart..kiada, enrich..give, r..drain;

4) move away, embrace, grow, grow together, unite.

10. (1 point) Write down sentences in which the missing letter should be replaced by the letter E.

Suddenly he jumps out!

If you don’t know how to be friends, you’ll be left alone.

From a spark, the boron flares up.

With whom do you share your bread and salt?

11. (1 point) Write a sentence in which NOT and the word are written separately.

Griboyedov created a comedy (un)traditional for his time.

The girl looked very (not) cheerful.

- (Not) although we ate and went outside.

And, (not) raising her gray head, she again sat quietly by the fire.

12. (1 point). The following sentences have no punctuation. Write out a sentence in which you need to put a comma before the conjunction and.

1) The fog was thinning and getting darker.

2) Not a single light is visible on the sea and not a single splash is heard

3) Heat and fatigue took their toll,

13. (1 point) There is no punctuation in the following sentences.

Write a sentence that requires one comma.

1.Soon dwarf dwarf and alder gave way to birch and larch

2. The headman’s house was not distinguished by its size, quality, or splendor of decoration.

3. Man wants not only to understand the laws of nature, but also to use natural forces for his own purposes.

14. (1 point). Among those given, find a sentence with a grammatical error (in violation of the syntactic norm) and write it down, correcting the error.

1) In the play “The Seagull” the storyline develops in several directions.

2) In his articles, this journalist raised questions that worried many of his contemporaries.

3) Science studies the laws of the surrounding world and at the same time relies on the experience of previous generations.

15. (1 point). Read the first part of the sentence and four options for its continuation. Choose the grammatically correct continuation of the sentence from those suggested and write it down.

Having discovered organic substances in comets,

1) a new hypothesis was put forward about the origin of life.

2) this provides grounds for important conclusions.

3) scientists have suggested that life could have been brought from space.

16. (1 point) In which sentence, instead of the word NEGOTIABLE, should the word NEGOTIABLE be used?

Write out this sentence, replacing the word in it.

1) A telephone number was written on the BACK side of the sheet.

2) The factory cannot deposit WORKING assets.

3) By that time, Porfiry had accumulated considerable WORKING capital.

4) Popandopulo was a VERY businessman with a dubious reputation.

17. (1 point). The following sentences have no punctuation. Write down a sentence where you need to put one comma.

1) The sea foamed and raged and threatened the brave little boat with all sorts of troubles.

2) The sea and wind suddenly calmed down.

3) The sailors, both on the boat and in the boat, felt better, but for a long time they did not believe in their salvation.

18. (1 point) Provide the correct explanation for placing a comma before and in the sentence:

Thunder struck in the mountains (?) and streams of water gushed out.

1. A simple sentence, before the conjunction And a comma is needed.

2. SSP, before the conjunction And a comma is not needed.

3. A simple sentence, before the conjunction And no comma is needed.

Read the text below and complete tasks 19–21

(1)... (2) One of the main issues discussed there was the limitation of naval weapons. (3) This happened for the first time in the history of world politics. (4) The conference established the maximum displacement of battleships, the maximum caliber of their artillery, and also approved the total displacement for the fleet of each country -

participants. (5) Since some of the countries had already laid down new battleships, which, if completed, would far exceed the displacement limit, it was decided to use these hulls for a new design of aircraft carriers, whose upper deck is a platform for taking off and landing aircraft. (6)... another class of ships appeared, which were destined to become the main strike force in the future

by the force of military fleets, replacing battleships in this capacity.

19. Which of the following sentences should come first in this text?

After the Washington Conference, the role that had previously been assigned to naval fleets increasingly began to be associated with aviation fleets.

In 1921, an international conference was held in Washington, to which representatives of all victorious countries in the First World War were invited.

The fleet, created to assert the power of Germany, in fact became a factor in its defeat.

The “golden age” of battleships (battleships) is a thing of the past, but for almost two more decades they continued to remain the most complex combat vehicles created by man.

20 Which of the following words or combinations of words should be in place of the gap in the sixth sentence of the text?

However, On the contrary, However, So.

21. What words are the grammatical basis in one of the sentences or in one of the parts of a complex sentence in the text?

there was a restriction (sentence 2)

it happened (sentence 3)

laid down ships (sentence 5)

far exceeded (sentence 5)

Additional part

22. (3 points) Fill in the missing vowels. Write down the words of the line in which all words omit an unstressed vowel, verified by stress.

1) progressive, with..function, age..st

2) in..river, development, sh..stay

3) select, decorate, program

4) donkey..captive, k..fell asleep, sovereignty

23. How to explain the placement of the colon in this sentence?

The birch bark letters of Novgorod are an invaluable discovery in archeology: they capture the original history of the Russian book.

1) The first part of a non-union complex sentence contains an indication of the time of action, which is mentioned in the second part.

2) The generalizing word comes before homogeneous members of the sentence.

3) The generalizing word comes after homogeneous members of the sentence.

4) The second part of a non-union complex sentence indicates the reason for what is said in the first part.

How to explain the placement of the colon in this sentence?

24. (3 points) There is no punctuation in the following sentence. Write down the sentence and add any missing punctuation.

I thought about the people (1) whose lives (2) were connected with this story (3) and I wanted to know (4) what happened to them.

I thought about the people whose lives were connected with this story, and I wanted to know what happened to them.

25. (3 points). Determine whether the highlighted words should be written together or separately in each of these sentences. Write the sentences using parentheses.

1) The father did not dare to ask what was the matter, and at the SAME time he did not understand WHY the house became so deserted.

2) The Great Silk Road began in China, (THEN) went through Central Asia, Persia, the Middle East, and (FROM) THERE to Europe.

3) The father did not dare to ask what was the matter, and at the SAME time he did not understand WHY the house became so deserted.

4) The Great Silk Road began in China, THEN went through Central Asia, Persia, the Middle East, and THERE to Europe.

26. (3 points) From the words given in brackets, select the necessary ones:

Warranty, guaranteed (work, passport, repair, workshop, period).

General, general (battle, plan, rank, shoulder straps, cleaning the apartment).

Harmonious, harmonious (person, society, series, fluctuation, ensemble, performance).

27. (3 points) Compose and write down phrases with the following paronyms.

intolerant - impatient, contagious - contagious,

28. (3 points) Read the text.

Old Russian architects sought to distinguish churches from other city buildings. In northern cities, against the backdrop of gray log houses, churches were built snow-white; in southern cities they were left in reddish-pink brick color; the domes of churches were made of copper and gold, often gilded. Thus, church buildings at crossroads and squares became noticeable.

Determine which of the sentences below correctly conveys the main information contained in the text and write it down.

In northern cities, churches were built snow-white, in southern cities they were left in reddish-pink brick color.

The domes of churches were made of copper and gold, often gilded.

Church buildings at crossroads and squares became noticeable due to the different colors of their walls.

Old Russian architects in northern and southern cities distinguished churches from other city buildings by resorting to different color schemes when painting walls and covering domes with gilding.

In addition to climate change, the disappearance of numerous plant and animal species observed today poses a danger to humanity. The planet's biological diversity is the result of millions of years of evolution. Man, despite the high stage of his development, continues to remain dependent on the environment and the processes occurring in

wildlife, and the decline in biological diversity cannot but affect humans directly or indirectly.

Text 3. (group 3)

A. K. Tolstoy

Blagovest.

Among the oak groves

Shines with crosses

Five-domed temple

With bells.

Their call is calling

Through the graves

It hums so wonderfully

And so sad.

He pulls towards himself

Irresistibly

Calls and beckons

He is in his native land,

To the land of grace,

Forgotten by me -

And, incomprehensible

We are tormented by longing,

I pray and repent

And I cry again

And I renounce

From an evil deed.

Traveling far

A wonderful dream,

Through spaces I

I'm flying heavenly,

And my heart is happy

Trembling and melting

While the ringing is blissful

Doesn't freeze.

Tasks:

1.Read the poem by Alexei Tolstoy.

2. What did the ringing of the bell remind the poet of? (about his native land)

I pray and repent

And I cry again

And I renounce

From an evil deed.

Why is the poem called " Blagovest»?

(The word “blagovest” literally means “good (glad) news” about the beginning

worship services).

5. Prepare an expressive reading of the poem.

Each group is given no more than 5-7 minutes to complete the task. Each group then reads the text aloud and answers questions in front of the class.

Working with illustrative and video materials:

Illustrations of various temples must be present in the lesson. You can use a slide presentation (see disk). Before working with texts about St. Basil's Cathedral or after, you can invite students to watch the cartoon “Moscow Legend” about St. Basil the Blessed. Give the task to carefully examine this cathedral, try to describe it, or ask the children to tell what they know about the temple. For the story, you can use a reminder:

What is the name of the temple? Why?

Where is he located?

When and in honor of what event was it built?

Describe its architectural features: what it looks like, what’s unusual about it.

Working with audio material:

During the lesson, the teacher can use a fragment of a sound recording of different types of bell ringing (blagovest, perezvon, trezvon, alarm).

Exercise:

Listen to the sound recording of the bell ringing. Try to determine what types of bell ringing sounded).

– I learned a lot of new things (red)

– I didn’t learn very much new (blue)

– I didn’t learn anything new (gray)

At the end of the lesson, the teacher distributes stars (or other figures) to the children. They are white inside. The task is displayed on the board: paint the star in the appropriate color.

2. Interactive forms of work:

(cm. 1.1. Work on updating basic knowledge)

Additional material for teachers:

Every person has a house in which he lives with his relatives. This is a common house for all members of one family,” Olga Petrovna began the lesson. – There is a common house for people who believe in God. This house is called temple. This is a special place for prayers, rituals and services.. People who believe in Christ love their home, because in the temple the soul of the believer meets God, finds peace and protection.

The temple is a sacred place, the house of God on earth. Its main purpose is to call to the higher world, to help a person return to God. The temple symbolizes a ship to save the human soul. There are sacred buildings in other religious cultures: a mosque among Muslims, a synagogue among Jews, Buddhist monasteries - datsans.

In Orthodox culture, we can call a cathedral, a church, or a chapel a temple. All these words denote the room in which Christian worship takes place.

Chapel- This small temple building without room foraltar , main place in the temple. Cathedral called a temple where services are performed by the clergy of several churches. Eat cathedral temples are the main temples of a city or monastery.

Each temple is dedicated to a saint or event. Hence the corresponding names: St. Basil's Cathedral, Chapel of the Iveron Icon of the Mother of God.

Old Russian architects sought to distinguish churches from other city buildings. The highest place was chosen for construction so that the temple could be seen from afar. You need to climb to the temple not only physically, but also spiritually, overcoming temptations.

In northern cities, where the background was gray log houses, churches were built snow-white. White color is a symbol of purity and light. White stone temples look like a bride in her wedding dress.

And in southern cities, where buildings were whitewashed, churches were left in a reddish-pink brick color. Temples can also be multi-colored, as if they were made of semi-precious stones. This emphasizes that churches do not reflect the earthly world, but the divine one.

There is nothing unreasonable or random in the temple. The temple is being built according to special rules, canons. People did not themselves come up with what a temple should be like. The temple building itself is built either in the form of a cross - a symbol of Christ, or in the form of a circle - a symbol of eternity, or in the form of a ship sailing on the sea of ​​\u200b\u200blife, where people are saved from life's storms.

Every detail of the temple has deep meaning and significance. The temple ends with a dome, a symbol of heaven, on which they place a head with a cross. Cross- the main sign of Christianity, a sign of the salvation of people. Christ died on the cross, and the cross above the temple is the banner of His victory over death.

In Russian architecture, churches with domes of various shapes appeared - helmet-shaped (such were built in Vladimir and Pskov) and onion-shaped (the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, the churches of Yaroslavl and Pereyaslavl-Zalessky. Dome- like the flame of a burning candle, indicating prayer burning. That is why our ancestors tried, even in the most difficult times, to gild the crosses and domes of churches as much as possible.

The number of domes is always symbolic, for example: one corresponds to the Unity of God, seven - the seven Sacraments of the Church, thirteen symbolize Jesus Christ and his twelve disciples. But most often there are three and five-domed domes.

A bell tower is usually built above the entrance to the temple, that is, a tower on which bells hang. The bell tower is an image of height, steadfastness, and strength. At first, the bells did not have a specific place and were hung in convenient niches inside the temple. Then they began to build special belfries. The bells had to hang high so that their sound could travel far.

The first bells appeared with the advent of Christianity in Rus', and began to spread in the 14th century. Church bells were a kind of orchestra, music for everyone, a grandiose musical instrument. The ringing of bells accompanies prayer and accompanies a person’s spiritual life. Bells sounded both on days of celebration and when trouble struck: the bell announced the approach of the enemy, called soldiers to battle, was a call for help in times of disaster, welcomed victorious regiments, and brought joy and solemnity to the holidays.

The bells may change one after another depending on the nature of the services. Blagovest- This is a bell ringing in which one bell is struck rhythmically. Ringing means ringing several bells at the same time.

Distinguish chime(bust) and pealing. Chime is the sound of different bells being struck alternately. Trezvon is a joyful ringing of all bells at the same time. And in times of disaster it sounds alarm bell- ringing of a large bell. Only the bell ringer can ring the bells. Everyone is allowed to climb the bell tower and ring the bell only on Easter week, the first week after Easter.

1. Dictionary:

temple - 1) a building for the performance of religious rites and services

2) (trans.) a place that inspires a feeling of respect, awe

Cathedral - 1) the main temple of a city or monastery, where the highest clergyman performs divine services.

2) (special) meeting of the highest Christian clergy

church - 1) religious organization of clergy and believers, religious community

2) a building in which Christian worship takes place

chapel – a small Christian place of worship without an altar.

altar – the main part of the temple where the throne is located.

canon –(in architecture) a set of instructions, rules and examples of temple construction.

Excerpts from works of fiction (or works of fiction):

Tatyana Shorokhova TEMPLE I've seen him many times But this is the first time this close. I look without taking my eyes off, The heads are gold. To the bell tower, to the crosses, On a pigeon on the roof... From there, from above, he I seem shorter. The sun pours and pours on the dome Golden radiance, And it seems that the temple is singing Frozen beauty.

*** A. A. Blok I love tall cathedrals Humble your soul, visit, Enter the gloomy choirs, Disappear in the crowd of singers. I'm afraid of my two-faced soul And I bury it carefully Your image is devilish and wild Into this sacred armor. In my superstitious prayer I seek protection from Christ, But from under the hypocritical mask Lying lips laugh. And quietly, with a changed face, In the deathly flickering of candles, I will awaken the memory of Two-Face In the hearts of praying people. Here the choirs trembled, fell silent, They rushed to run in confusion... I love tall cathedrals Humble your soul and visit.

*** I. I. Kozlov Evening call, evening Bell. (excerpt) Evening bell, evening bell! How many thoughts does he inspire? About young days in our native land, Where I loved, where is my father's house, And how I, saying goodbye to him forever, There I listened to the ringing for the last time!

*** Evgeniy Sanin As if to the radiant sun, Fighting with myself The soul rushed to the pure, And her world is back in the dirt... But temples are not just buildings With an eight-pointed cross: This is a place for repentance, Given by Christ. Oh, the heavy burden of Cainism! I go to the temple, fighting with myself. And - the miracle of the church sacrament Washes away all the world's dirt!

*** (According to E.I. Sturgeon. Living Ancient Rus'.)

What is Kizhi?

Two multi-domed churches, separated from one another by a bell tower. Everything is made of wood. Twenty-two chapters of the Transfiguration Cathedral.

Many, many domes covered with ploughshares - carved plates of aspen that, shimmering in the sun, seem golden. Seagulls hover over the domes, and together with the white-winged birds the entire building rushes upward into the sky-high heights...

The Transfiguration Church is a monument to Russian military glory. It was built in 1714, when military happiness began to serve Peter’s troops in the Northern War. The Swedes constantly devastated the lake Russian North. Getting rid of the ever-present threat was a joyful event.

The impression of the Church of the Transfiguration is enhanced by the height of the building, reaching about 40 meters. There are no frescoes here, simple log walls create a feeling of homely peace. The place of frescoes was taken by icons. The creations of local artists are simple, simple in composition, and vocal in their colors.

Next to the bell tower is the Church of the Intercession, surrounded by carved wooden lace...

So what is Kizhi?

Kizhi is a testament to descendants, a command to love your country.

Kizhi is the immortal Ancient Rus', the artistic past living in the present.

III. Flashcards and assignments for students:

Level I tasks:

Task to choose one correct answer:

The temple symbolizes

A) pigeon

B) ship

Find the wrong answer:

A) The ringing of bells accompanies prayer in the temple

B) The ringing of a bell warns of the approach of an enemy

IN) The bell rings only during church holidays

D) The ringing of bells makes a person think about his spiritual life

Tasks IIlevel:

Matching task:

Match the concepts and their meanings. Use arrows to connect the words from the first column with the words from the second.

	Set of rules in temple construction
cathedral	Temple building without altar
	The bell rings to signal the beginning of the service in the church
	A madman saint with the gift of divination
blagovest	Main part of the temple
blissful	Main temple of the city

Tasks IIIlevel:

Come up with questions for these words:

CHURCH

H RAM S O B O R

ALTAR

IY. Assignments for independent work and project activities:

Doing homework

1. Prepare a story about one of the famous temples.

2. Choose your own proverbs, sayings, riddles about temples and about bell ringing and bells.

3.Color the temple you like.

Creative workshop:

1.Preparehis drawings for the exhibition “Temple - the House of God”.

2. Write an essay on one of the topics:

"My contact with the temple"

“What do I know about the temple ... (St. Basil’s)”

3.The monument to the Millennium of Russia is shaped like a bell.

Why? Talk to your parents, what kind of monument would you suggest?

Draw it. Prove why exactly this way.

Preparation for the final project:

1. When writing a home essay, a student can describe any

favorite temple. It is proposed to use material about local shrines.

Individual task: prepare a message about Saint Basil.

Select material about any temple (local shrine) or compose

slide presentation with parents .

“Orthodoxy and poetry”, “Orthodoxy in artistic images” – children who have chosen these topics for their project work continue to select material for them. In their works they include poems about the temple or photographs (reproductions) of paintings dedicated to this topic.

Lesson No. 2. The first churches in Rus'

Target: creating conditions for introducing students to Orthodox shrines through familiarization with the history of the appearance of the first churches in Rus'

Tasks:

educational: Find out when the first churches appeared in Rus' and in honor of what events they were built.

developmental: Develop cognitive processes and creative abilities

educational: 1. To form love and respect for the spiritual culture of the Russian people, its traditions. 2. Contribute to the development of moral qualities of the individual.

Keywords: temple, God, beauty.

The teacher is offered the following types of work:

I. Proposed forms and methods of work.

1.Working with information:

The teacher can tell students about the history of the first temples using the following text (see text in Additional material for teachers).

And at this time the students fill out a table written on the board or offered as handouts, which indicates all the temples discussed in the text. Children point out where they were built. 5-7 minutes are allotted for this task. Afterwards, all children check whether they filled out the plate correctly.

Name	Where was it built?
Cathedral of Christ the Savior (Nativity of Christ)
Temple of the Ascension	With. Kolomenskoye near Moscow
Temple of the Intercession	On the Nerl River near the city of Vladimir
Church of St. Basil	Moscow Red Square
Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary (Tithe)
Transfiguration Cathedral	Chernigov
Church of Hagia Sophia	Constantinople
Church of Hagia Sophia
Church of Hagia Sophia	Novgorod
Church of Hagia Sophia

– Why are there four St. Sophia churches? Where is the main St. Sophia Church?

1.2. Working with additional text:

Work in groups. Each group receives a card with the text and tasks for it. The teacher can use not all texts in the lesson, but the ones he likes the most.

Text 1.

Poets compare the Church of the Intercession on the Nerl with a sail that flies into the distance along the boundless waves of time. Sometimes the famous white stone church near Vladimir is likened to a radiant silent star floating into infinity of the universe.

The noble proportions of the white temple, reflected over eight centuries in the waters, fit precisely and naturally into the surrounding landscape - the Central Russian meadow expanse where they grow perfumed herbs, azure flowers and endless songs of larks sound...

At dawn, when the sun's rays play over the Murom forests beyond the river, splashes chiaroscuro the ancient walls seem to sway, becoming lighter hour by hour. The temple rises among the waves like a snow-white swan. River streams flow. Days and nights, months and years, centuries are carried away by the river of life. Generations change, and the swan-temple floats and floats among the boundless expanses...

Assignments to the text:

Read the text.

What feelings and thoughts does the description of the temple evoke in you?

Explain the highlighted words. Use a dictionary.

universe* – Universe

perfumed* – emitting a strong, pleasant odor; fragrant

azure* – light blue, clear sky colors, sky blue

Chiaroscuro* – gradation (division) of illumination of objects

What comparisons does the temple evoke in you?

Text 2.

The place for the temple was chosen not far from Bogolyubov. It was located at the confluence of the Nerl River and Klyazma.

This place is low, and during high water it is filled with water. The ancient masters found a wise way out. They began to build thick walls. They covered the outside with soil. This is how an artificial hill of four meters in height grew, in the depths of which a powerful foundation is hidden. They began to build a temple on it. The hill soon turned green with grass and no longer seemed artificial. Only a very attentive eye could notice that its quadrangular shape was too regular. Thanks to the hill, the temple was raised above the entire surrounding area. So he urged people to strive for to the mountain to the (higher) world, pure and sacred.

Orthodox calendar. Holidays. Goals and objectives: ... Let's choose Orthodox holidays. (Secular holidays are erased, and Orthodox remain). Orthodox holidays. Orthodox calendar. U Orthodox There is...

Fundamentals of Orthodox culture

Program

2003. 2. Borodina A.V. Religious history culture: BasicsOrthodoxculture. Educational method. teacher's manual... writing and culture, his role in the revival Orthodoxculture. The role of the course BasicsOrthodoxculture" in preserving...

In which word is the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound incorrectly highlighted?

Cakes
repeat
religion
started

Question A2

Which answer option uses the highlighted word incorrectly?

Modern INFORMATION technologies help to successfully and quickly solve many problems.
He was famous for his wisdom and gave LIFE advice that really helped people in difficult situations.
In folk tales, animals sometimes act as a HOSTILE force that is dangerous to people.
Mastery grows from subtle and LONG observation of the people around you.

Question A3

Give an example of an error in the formation of a word.

wide avenue
until two thousand and twelve
follow me
several songs

Question A4

Provide a grammatically correct continuation of the sentence.
Having become acquainted with the exhibition of impressionist artists,

you begin to understand the features of their painting.
Many of the paintings made a strong impression.
there is a desire to see famous paintings by painters again.
many of the paintings were known to me from reproductions.

Question A5

Indicate the sentence with a grammatical error (in violation of the syntactic norm).

A.S. admired the splendor of these palaces. Pushkin, who lived here in the summer of 1818, during the creation of the poem “Ruslan and Lyudmila,” and captured the unforgettable image of Peterhof parks and fountains in beautiful stanzas dedicated to the description of the fabulous gardens of Chernomor.
Only thanks to language does a person master the knowledge and experience of previous generations, of all humanity.
The construction of the state road from Moscow to Siberia - the Siberian Postal Route - began more than two hundred and fifty years ago.
Those who listened to the voice of Dostoevsky reciting Pushkin’s “Prophet” recalled this with delight.

Question A6

In which sentence can the subordinate part of a complex sentence not be replaced by a separate definition expressed by a participial phrase?

Tongue twisters are a folk poetic miniature, a joke in which words with difficult-to-pronounce combinations are deliberately selected.
Denim was first made in the 16th century in the city of Genoa, which the Italians called Genova.
The French began to call the northern polar country, which is located under the constellations Ursa Major and Ursa Minor, “Arctic”.
There are obsolete words in the Russian language that bear the imprint of their era.

Question A7

(1) ... (2) This especially applies to the comma. (3) The use of a comma, for example, with homogeneous members of a sentence, to highlight applications, separate participles, and gerunds, is usually determined precisely by the syntactic structure of the sentence. (4) Rules for using semicolons and colons, for example, in complex sentences, and dashes for a compound predicate with an omitted connective, are also built partly on a grammatical basis. (5) ... in all these and similar cases, the basis of the rules is still the meaning of the statement. (6) Reflecting the grammatical structure of the text, the punctuation mark primarily organizes the semantic division of written speech and emphasizes the stylistic features of the written text.

Which of the following sentences should come first in this text?

The starting point for constructing a sentence and choosing punctuation marks is the semantic side of speech.
Punctuation in the Russian language largely reflects the syntactic structure of the sentence and is subject to it.
The Russian punctuation system, along with mandatory rules, contains instructions that allow options for expressing the semantic nuances of a written text.
Punctuation is related to intonation: both serve as means of expressing the meaning of speech, with intonation performing this function in oral speech, and punctuation in written speech.

Question A8

Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in the blank in the FIFTH sentence?

However
Currently
Hence,
Because

Question A9

What combination of words is the grammatical basis in one of the sentences or in one of the parts of a complex sentence in the text?

everything lies (sentence 5)
punctuation organizes, emphasizes (sentence 6)
use is usually defined (sentence 3)
uses are built (sentence 4)

Question A10

Indicate the correct characteristic of the third (3) sentence of the text.

compound
complex
simple with homogeneous terms
complex non-union

Question A11

Identify the sentence that contains a coordinating conjunction.

6
2
3
4

Question A12

State the meaning of the word ORGANIZE (sentence 6).

base
establish
ready
draw up

Question A13

Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers with one H written in their place?
The cakes were ruddy (1) and fragrant, the grandmother greased them with butter (2) a feather and sprinkled them with salt, coarse, like crushed (3) glass, steam came from the cakes, they glowed like two small salted (4) suns .

1,2,3
2
3
1,3,4

Question A14

In which row in all words is the unstressed vowel of the root being tested missing?

incendiary, b..cale, to..arrange
nat..rat, int..ligentsia, k..satelny
to climb, to stop, to act
effective, (to be) a senior

Question A15

In which row is the same letter missing in all words?

pr..serve, pr..conduct, pr..unpleasant
be..biased, not..bending, nor..surrender
nameless, medical..institute, demanding
to..southern, to confide..behave, to rise..eat

Question A16

In which row in both words is the letter E written in place of the gap?

read..my, hear..sh
believe..finished, finished
loaded..my, frozen..sh
withstand..sh, defining..my

Question A17

Which answer option contains all the words where the letter E is missing?
A. trusting
B. letter..tso
V. lily of the valley
G. swamp..sty

A, B, G
A B C
B, C
A, G

Question A18

In which sentence is NOT written separately with the word?

Broad-leaved grasses lay down in rainbows. (Un)dry drops of dew sparkle on the carmine leaf of the ruffled cuff.
The introductory word is (not) a member of the sentence and can be replaced by another introductory word or eliminated from the sentence.
The sun was leaning toward the west and its slanting hot rays (un)bearably burned my neck and cheeks; it was impossible to touch the hot edges of the chaise; thick dust rose along the road and filled the air.
The wind accelerates, pushes apart the accumulated heat, and whirlwind vortices - an undoubted sign of constant weather - walk in tall white columns along the roads through the arable land.

Question A19

In which sentence are both highlighted words written separately?

A silent uneasiness seems to lurk in the lazy splendor of autumn flowers, which, after their luxurious bloom, seem to have scattered countless seeds of future life onto the ground.
Boreas - a northern and NORTH (EAST) gusty, cold wind - (F)OFTEN hides behind mountain ranges, gathers strength and hits coastal cities and ships docked in harbors like a hurricane, uproots trees, throws ships caught by surprise onto rocks.
Oh, these country roads! It’s fun to drive along deep ruts, here you have to hold on (STRONGER), but, grabbing the seat with both hands, you STILL closely watch how the gray-green waves of grass run, shiny, like the shadow of a cloud here and there here obscures them for a moment.
The rose bushes were still producing buds for the third time this summer, and roses, dahlias, peonies and asters were blooming with their cold, arrogant beauty.

Question A20

Provide the correct explanation for the use of a comma or its absence in the sentence.
The huge pines parted () and in the uneven bright blue square of the sky, a pale moon dimly turned yellow like a watermelon peel.

A simple sentence with homogeneous members, before the conjunction and no comma is needed.
Complex sentence, before the conjunction And there is no need for a comma.
A complex sentence, a comma is needed before the conjunction AND.
A simple sentence with homogeneous members, a comma is needed before the conjunction AND.

Question A21

Artists (1) who paint still lifes (2) convey in their paintings the beauty of the gifts of nature and (3) man-made (4) things.

1,2
1,3
1,2,3,4
1,2,4

Question A22

Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentences?
First (1) politeness is a sign of respect. Secondly (2) politeness is also a willingness to provide help to someone who needs it, delicacy, tact. And an integral element of politeness (3) of course (4) timely and local speech manifestation is speech etiquette.

1
1,2
2,3,4
1,2,3,4

Question A23

Indicate a sentence that requires one comma. (There are no punctuation marks.)

On a walk in the forest, this funny little boy either whistles or knocks down dry leaves with a stick.
Nikolai always forgot his hat, cane or umbrella when visiting.
Thoughts and memories and dreams wandered through Olenin’s head.
Each time, Nastya found under the water either a spruce branch soaked in water, or a tin can, or a purple leaf from the cold, or a dead leaf of a water lily.

Question A24

How to explain the placement of the colon in this sentence?
According to the spelling rules of Tolstoy’s time, the word “peace”, used in different meanings, was written in different ways: peace is “the absence of war”, “harmony, peace and quiet” and mir is “the whole world”, “all people”.

The second part of a complex sentence indicates the consequence of what is said in the first part.
The generalizing word comes before the homogeneous members of the sentence.
The second part of a complex sentence explains, reveals the content of what is said in the first part.
The first part of a complex sentence indicates the time of occurrence of what is said in the second part.

Question A25

Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?
It is most important for the inhabitants of the Earth to know the asteroids (1) whose orbits (2) are (3) close to the orbits of their planet.

1
2
1,3
2,3

Question A26

Which answer option correctly indicates all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence?
Everyone needs books (1) but (2) when people come to the library (3) they often get lost in the ocean of books and start with the complex (4) because they have no idea about the simple.

1,2
2,3
1,3,4
1,2,3,4

Question A27

Old Russian architects sought to distinguish churches from other city buildings. In northern cities, against the backdrop of gray log houses, churches were built snow-white; in southern cities they were left in reddish-pink brick color; the domes of churches were made of copper and gold, often gilded. Thus, church buildings at crossroads and squares became noticeable.

Which of the following sentences correctly conveys the main information contained in the text?

In northern cities, churches were built snow-white, in southern cities they were left in reddish-pink brick color.
The domes of churches were made of copper and gold, often gilded.
Church buildings at crossroads and squares became noticeable due to the different colors of their walls.
Old Russian architects in northern and southern cities distinguished churches from other city buildings by resorting to different color schemes when painting walls and covering domes with gilding.

Question A28

(1) Help me. (2) Save me. (3) I don't want to die. (4) A small piece of lead in the heart, in the head - and that’s all? (5) And my hot body will no longer be hot?.. (b) Let there be suffering. (7) Who said that I am afraid to suffer? (8) It was at home that I was afraid of a lot. (9) At home. (10) And now I have already found out everything, tried everything. (11) Isn’t it enough for one to know so much? (12) I will be useful for life. (13) Help me. (14) After all, it’s even funny to kill a person who has not managed to do anything. (15) I didn’t even finish tenth grade. (16) Help me. (17) I'm not talking about love. (18) To hell with her, with love. (19) I agree not to love. (20) I've had enough, for that matter. (21) I have a mother. (22) What will happen to her?.. (23) Do you know how sweet it is when mom strokes her on the head? (24) I haven’t gotten over it yet. (25) I haven’t really been anywhere yet. (26) For example, I have not been to Valdai yet. (27) I need to see what kind of Valdai this is? (28) Need it? (29) Someone wrote: “And the bell is a gift from Valdai...” (30) But I can’t even write such lines. (31) Help me. (32) I will go through everything. (33) Until the very end. (34) I will shoot at the Nazis like a sniper, I will fight tanks, I will starve, I will not sleep, I will suffer...

(35) Who am I telling all this to? (36) Who do I ask for help? (37) Maybe here, near these logs with which the dugout is fortified? (38) Neither of them are happy that they are hanging around here. (39) They were making noise in the pine trees so recently... (40) And when we were leaving for the front, do you remember our heated vehicle? (41) We stood at the open doors and sang some kind of solemn song. (42) And our heads were held high. (43) The train stood on sidings. (44) Where? (45) At the Kursk station. (46) They didn’t let us go home. (47) I just managed to call home. (48) There were none of ours. (49) Only the old woman neighbor Irina Makarovna. (50) How much she spoiled my blood! (51) She asked me where the train was.

“(52) It’s a pity,” she said hypocritically, “your mother won’t be able to see you.”

(53) And I hung up and returned to my people. (54) And an hour later Irina Makarovna appeared at the carriage and handed me a package. (55) And then, when we sang, she stood in a small crowd of random women. (56) Who is she to me? (57) Goodbye, Irina Makarovna. (58) Forgive me, did I know? (59) I will never be able to understand this... (60) The package contained crackers and a quarter of sunflower oil. (61) And I vowed to keep one cracker as a relic... (62) Ate it.

(63) What am I asking? (64) Wasn’t I myself, when the “frame” arrived and everyone climbed through the cracks, standing in plain sight?

- (65) Climb quickly! - they shouted to me.

(66) But I wasn’t hiding. (67) I walked alone and laughed out loud. (68) If only they knew what was going on inside me! (69) Let no one know that I am scared. (70) But can I tell the truth to myself? (71) That's what I'm saying. (72) I am not Petka Lyubimov. (73) My flatmate. (74) When the war began, he went into the kitchen in the evenings and talked.

Test. One-part sentences

Option I

1. Indicate the correct statement.

1) Sentences in which there are two main members (subject and predicate) are two-part.

2) Sentences that have two stems are two-part.

3) Sentences that have minor members are two-part.

1) It has no subject.

2) The main form of the predicate-verb is 1st or 2nd person.

3) The action is performed by a certain person.

1) They do not seek good from good. 2) We are in a hurry to go to school. 3) What goes around comes around. 4) A swimming pool was finally built in the city.

1) Old Russian architects sought to distinguish churches from other city buildings. 2) In northern cities, against the background of gray log houses, churches were built snow-white. 3) In the south they were left in a reddish-pink brick color. 4) The domes of churches were made of copper and gold. 5) They were often gilded. 6) Thus, church buildings at crossroads and squares became noticeable. (According to B. Rybakov)

5. Find a sentence that does not and cannot have a subject. What is the name of this proposal?

1) But then autumn has come. 2) It got cold. 3) The trees turned yellow. 4) The wind tore withered leaves from the branches and circled over the forest. 5) Then the leaves fell to the ground. (According to G.A. Skrebitsky)

6. Find an impersonal sentence and write how the predicate is expressed in it.

1) January blew a cold breath on the forest. 2) The Christmas trees are buried in snowdrifts and sleeping. 3) Thin-legged aspen and birch trees drowned knee-deep in the snow. 4) They are not afraid of frost. 5) But it’s bad for large trees. 6) They crack and moan throughout the forest. (From the magazine “Young Naturalist”)

1) Spring. 2) Night. 3) The whole forest, and the sky above it, and everything around is filled with transparent moonlight. 4) The young moon turns yellow in the tops of the trees like a thin lemon slice. 5) It filled the air with fragrant, tart greenery. (G.A. Skrebitsky)

8. Find grammatical bases in sentences.

1) You cannot catch up with a broken word on a horse. 2) Check what you do in the morning in the evening. 3) The city takes courage. 4) Friends are known in trouble. 5) You can’t pierce the sky with horns.

1) If you make a friend, look into his heart. (Proverb) 2) Truth is the air without which you cannot breathe. (I.S. Turgenev) 3) Sitting behind the wheel, you especially notice what is happening around you. (V.G. Lidin)

Option II

1. State the incorrect statement.

1) If a sentence has only one main member (subject or predicate), then it is one-part.

2) If a sentence has one basis, then it is one-part.

3) One-part sentences with one main member subject are called denominative.

2. Determine the type of one-part sentence based on the following characteristics:

1) It has no subject.

2) The predicate-verb has the 3rd person plural form or the past tense plural form.

3) The verb expresses an action that is important in itself, and it does not matter who performs this action.

3. Determine which of these sentences are generalized and personal.

1) Take care of your dress again, and your honor from a young age. 2) Take care of this book. 3) In a mathematics lesson, first-graders count objects. 4) Chickens are counted in the fall.

4. Indicate vaguely personal sentences.

1) How is paper made? 2) An ordinary tree is cut down, cleared of bark and knots. 3) Then they chop finely and finely. 4) And boiled with acid, removing unnecessary impurities. 5) In this case, all the components of the wood pass into the solution. 6) And only cellulose remains solid.

5. Find a sentence that has only one main member - the subject. What is the name of this proposal?

1) Autumn. 2) The rain is sloshing. 3) How can he not get tired of sniffling all day? 4) The yellow leaves are still falling, and soon the trees will be completely bald. 5) And then the fogs will come. (According to S. Cherny)

6. Find an impersonal sentence and indicate how the predicate is expressed in it.

1) Not everyone is happy about the snow. 2) It is difficult for birds to find a grain, caterpillar or beetle under the snow. 3) And hungry birds fly closer to housing, to people. 4) Sometimes luck smiles on them. 5) They will find a bird’s dining room somewhere, be delighted, and flock from all sides. (According to N. Kalinina)

7. Find noun sentences. What role do they play in the text?

1) There are holidays in nature. 2) Ice drift. 3) First green. 4) First snow. 5) The first nightingales. 6) And there is a time of the year when the earth puts on its most expensive clothes. 7) These days it seems that the earth is even starting to glow. (According to V. Peskov)

8. Find grammatical bases in sentences:

1) They knock out a wedge with a wedge. 2) Fish are not afraid of rain. 3) Salt is eaten all over the world. 4) Do not fill the fire with oil. 5) Two bears will not get along in one den.

9. Characterize the sentences from task 8 by the presence of main members.

10. Find one-part sentences among complex sentences and determine their type.

1) Among many peoples, oak was considered the most beautiful tree, and was treated with respect and love. (N. Verzilin) ​​2) When you open a book with drawings or photographs, it’s as if you find yourself in another world. (E. Kameneva) 3) Blue-blue sky, on which the sun shines brightly.

II
Text analysis

Write about February sobbingly,
While the rumbling slush
In spring it burns black.

Get the cab. For six hryvnia,
Through the gospel, through the click of the wheels
Travel to where it's raining
Even noisier than ink and tears.

Where, like charred pears,
Thousands of rooks from the trees
They will fall into puddles and collapse
Dry sadness to the bottom of my eyes.

Underneath the thawed patches turn black,
And the wind is torn with screams,
And the more random, the more true
Poems are composed out loud.

This poem was published in 1913, when Pasternak, who graduated brilliantly from the university, took part in the publication of the almanac of a small group, Lyrics. Among the five poems of the young poet published in this issue, the first was the one we are reading now. Later, Pasternak invariably opened his collections to them. What do you think: why?

Probably because he attached special meaning to this poem.

What is this special meaning? What is the poem about?

First word - February. The name of the last month of winter reminds of the coming spring.

What other signs of spring do we see in the work?

These are the lines “While the rumbling slush / Burns in the black spring,” “...the downpour / Even noisier than ink and tears,” “...thousands of rooks / Will fall into the puddles...”, “...thawed patches turn black.”

So the poem is about spring?

No, not only. There is another thought in it. February, the approach of spring, according to the artist, is a time of poetic creativity, allowing the poet to express his most intimate feelings.

What words does this idea sound in?

February. Get some ink and cry!

Write about February sobbingly...

Which verb is the adverb usually used with? sobbing?

It is usually used with the verb cry.

Pasternak also has the verb to cry. But what is special about the poet’s use of it?

Adverb sobbing not relevant here cry, and by the way write and in the last stanza to the phrase poems are composed.

What does the poet achieve with this?

A completely new image appears, hitherto unknown to poetry. To write, to compose poems sobbingly means to express in them all those very serious experiences and emotions that usually make us cry bitterly.

It is no coincidence that the poet loved one of his first poems so much. On the one hand, it expressed the features of the aesthetics and poetics of early Pasternak, who believed in the unity of the surrounding world and man, in the impossibility of separating man from nature, poetry from life. On the other hand, this youthful work with unusual images embodied the clearly expressed clarity of the artist’s principles, characteristic of Pasternak’s later lyrics. That’s why the poet returns to it in every new collection.

The poet's early lyrics are also characterized by extraordinary syntax. What features of the syntactic structure of the work caught your eye?

The poem is full of one-part sentences.

Find one-part sentences in the text and determine the type of each of them.

February. Nominal.

Get some ink and cry! Impersonal.

To write about February sobbingly... The impersonal within the complex.

Get the cab. Impersonal.

For six hryvnia, / Through the gospel, through the click of the wheels, / To be transported there... The impersonal in the composition of the complex.

What is the role of one-part sentences in this poetic text?

The title sentence, as usual, begins the text and thereby introduces the reader to the atmosphere of the end of winter and the beginning of spring.

Impersonal sentences by themselves and as part of complex ones interconnectedly express the internal state of a person and the state of nature, help the author create a special emotional mood of the text, as well as convey the inextricable unity of nature, life, the surrounding world with poetry.

What conclusions can we draw from our work?

One-part sentences occupy an important place in both artistic and colloquial speech and are a vivid figurative and expressive means of language.

Vasiliev I. P., Gosteva Yu. N. Unified State Exam 2017. 30 options for standard test tasks and preparation for part 2
OPTION 27 Part 1 The answers to tasks 1-24 are a figure (number) or a word (several words), a sequence of numbers (numbers). Write the answer in the answer field in the text of the work, and then transfer it to ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of the task number, starting from the first cell, without spaces, commas or other additional characters. Write each letter or number in a separate box in accordance with the samples given in the form.
Read the text and complete tasks 1-3.
1. Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
(1) Ancient Russian architects sought to distinguish churches from other city buildings. (2) In northern cities, against the background of gray log houses, churches were built snow-white; in southern cities they were left in reddish-pink brick color; the domes of churches were made of copper and gold, often gilded. (3)<...>church buildings at crossroads and squares became noticeable. 1) In northern cities, churches were built snow-white, in southern cities they were left in a red-pink brick color. 2) Ancient Russian architects made the domes of churches copper and golden, often gilded.
3) Thanks to the gilded and copper domes, as well as the color of the walls, different from the color of the walls of other buildings, churches in ancient Russian cities became noticeable.
4) Ancient Russian architects in northern and southern cities distinguished churches from other city buildings, resorting to different color schemes when painting walls, covering domes with gilding.
5) Church buildings at intersections and squares became noticeable due to the different colors of their walls.
Answer:
2.Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
On the contrary, / That is why / Firstly, / Contrary to this / A

3. Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word AREA. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the third (3) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
AREA, -i; and.
1) A space of land designed or intended for smb. goals. Pakhotnaya village
2) An undeveloped place framed by any buildings or green spaces within a city or village, forming part of an urban or rural space. Krasnaya p. in Moscow.
3)A room designed for a purpose and usually measured in square meters of floor surface. Residential village. Expand village.
4) One of the quantitative characteristics of flat geometric figures and planes. P. triangle.
Answer:_____________________________.
4. In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.
Cakes / repeat / worship / started / overtaken
Answer:_____________________________.
5.In one of the sentences below, the highlighted word is used INCORRECTLY. Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.
Modern INFORMATION technologies help to successfully and quickly solve many problems.
Mastery grows from subtle and LONG observation of the people around you.
In folk tales, animals sometimes act as a HOSTILE force that is dangerous to people.
He was famous for his wisdom and often gave LIFE advice that really helped people in difficult situations.
In a friendly match, the players demonstrated high TECHNICAL training.
Answer:_____________________________.
6. In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
more CAREFUL / until the year 2000 / THE SMELL OF HAY / several SONGS with THEIR sayings
Answer:_____________________________.
7. Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
GRAMMAR ERRORS SENTENCES
A) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition 1) A.S. admired the splendor of the palaces. Pushkin, who lived here in the summer of 1818, during the creation of the poem “Ruslana and Lyudmila,” and captured the unforgettable image of Peterhof parks and fountains in beautiful stanzas dedicated to the description of the fabulous gardens of Chernomor.
B) a violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate 2) The morning was dull lilac, as if the world was illuminated by invisible, well-camouflaged lanterns with porcelain purple lampshades.
B) violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application 3) The parable contains a colossal generalizing element, thanks to which a seemingly private case turns out to be applicable to thousands of cases in all times and among all peoples.
D) violation in the construction of a sentence with a participial phrase 4) Only through language does a person master the knowledge and experience of previous generations, of all humanity.
E) incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial phrase 5) Those who listened to the voice of Dostoevsky reciting Pushkin’s “Prophet” recalled him with delight: he was amazing.
6) The French began to call the northern polar country “Arctic”, located under the constellations Ursa Major and Ursa Minor, hence the Russian word “Arctic” - the northern region of the globe.
7) Having become acquainted with the exhibition of impressionist artists, there is a desire to see famous paintings by painters again.
8) Over the years, not only the artistic style of Valentin Serov, who increasingly gravitated towards impressionism and modernism, changed, but also his worldview.
9) A Russian poet said about Paris that “in the rain it blooms like a gray rose.”
Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.
Answer:
A B C D E
8. Identify the word in which the unstressed alternating vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
b..calea / effective / k..sichka / g..risty / nat..ratAnswer:________________________.
9. Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.
pr..submit, pr..managed / to..southern, rise..ascending / unbending, and..bent / jumped, oh..shine from..sk, medical..institute
Answer:_____________________________.
10. Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.
harden / unscrew / write / loosen / lily of the valley / lily of the valley
Answer:_____________________________.
11. Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.
taking over / frozen / filled / defined / loaded / loaded
Answer:_____________________________.
12.Identify a sentence in which NOT is spelled together with the word. Open the brackets and write down this word.
On the carmine sheet of the ruffled cuff, still (NOT)DRY drops of dew sparkle brightly in the sun.
The introductory word (NOT) IS a member of the sentence and can be replaced by another introductory word or eliminated from the sentence.
The sun, while (UN)WANTING to lean towards the west, burned my neck and cheeks with hot rays, and it was impossible to touch the hot edges of the chaise, and thick dust rose above the road, filling the air.
The wind accelerates, pushes apart the accumulated heat, and vortex-gyres - a (UN) DOUBTABLE sign of constant weather - walk in tall white columns along the roads through the arable land.
(NOT)EVERYONE knows that the construction of the State Road from Moscow to Siberia - the Siberian Postal Route - began more than two hundred and fifty years ago.
Answer:_____________________________.
13.Find a sentence in which both highlighted words are written CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write down these two words.
It’s as if a slight uneasiness lurks in the lazy splendor of autumn flowers, which, after their luxurious bloom (WITHOUT) REGRET, scatter countless seeds of future life onto the ground.
Boreas - a northern and NORTH (EAST) gusty, cold wind - (F)OFTEN hides behind mountain ranges, gathers strength and hits coastal cities and ships docked in harbors like a hurricane, uproots trees, throws ships caught by surprise onto rocks.
Oh, these country roads! It’s fun to drive along deep ruts, here you have to hold on (STRONGER), but, grabbing the seat with both hands, you STILL closely watch how the gray-green waves of grass run, shiny, like the shadow of a cloud here and there here obscures them for a moment.
(In) PLACE of delicate irises, lush dahlias had long been adorned in the flower beds, but the rose bushes were still strewn with buds.
Denim fabric (B) FIRST appeared in the 16th century in the city of Genoa, which the Italians called Genova, (THIS) THIS is why this fabric received its name.
Answer:_____________________________.
14. Indicate all the numbers replaced by one letter N.
The cakes were ruddy (1) and fragrant, grandmother greased them with butter (2) and sprinkled them with salt, as coarse as crushed (3) glass. Steam came from the cakes, they glowed like two small salted suns.
Answer:_____________________________.
15.Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) The huge pines parted and in the uneven bright blue square of the sky, a pale moon dimly turned yellow like a watermelon peel.
2) While walking in the forest, Petrusha usually whistles or knocks down dry leaves with a stick.
3) Everyone always accidentally left a hat or a whip or something similar in the kitchen.
4) Various thoughts and vague memories and unclear dreams wandered through Olenin’s head.
5) Each time Nastya found under the water either a spruce branch soaked in water, or a tin can, or a water lily leaf purple from the cold.
Answer:
16. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.
Artists (1) who paint still lifes (2) convey in their paintings the beauty of the gifts of nature and (3) man-made (4) things.
Answer:_____________________________.
17. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in sentences.
Firstly (1) politeness is showing respect for people. Secondly (2) politeness is a willingness to provide help to someone who needs it, while showing delicacy and tact. And an integral element of politeness (3) of course (4) timely and appropriate speech manifestation is speech etiquette.
Answer:_____________________________.
18. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.
It is most important for the inhabitants of the Earth to know the asteroids (1) whose orbits (2) are (3) close to the orbit of their planet.
Answer:_____________________________.
19. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.
Everyone needs books (1) but (2) when people come to the library (3) they often get lost in the ocean of books and start with the complex (4) because they have no idea about the simple.
Answer:_____________________________.
Read the text and complete tasks 20-25.
(1) Help me. (2) Save me. (3) I don't want to die. (4) A small piece of lead in the heart, in the head - that’s all? (5) And my hot body will no longer be hot?.. (b) Let there be suffering. (7) Who said that I am afraid to suffer? (8) I was afraid of a lot at home. (9) At home. (10) And now I’ve already found out everything, tried everything. (11) Isn’t it enough for one to know so much? (12) I’ll be useful in life. (13) Help me. (14) After all, it’s even funny to kill a person who didn’t manage to do anything. (15) I didn’t even finish tenth grade. (16) Help me. (17) I'm not talking about love. (18) To hell with her, with love. (19) I agree not to love. (20) I've had enough, for that matter. (21) I have a mother. (22) What will happen to her?.. (23) Do you know how sweet it is when mom strokes her head? (24) I haven’t gotten over it yet. (25) I haven’t really been anywhere yet. (26) For example, I have not been to Valdai yet. (27) I need to see what kind of Valdai this is? (28) Do you need it? (29) Someone wrote: “And the bell is a gift from Valdai...” (30) But I can’t even write such lines. (31) Help me. (32) I will go through everything. (33) Until the very end. (34) I will shoot at the Nazis like a sniper, I will fight tanks, I will starve, I will not sleep, I will suffer...
(35) Who am I telling all this to? (36)Who do I ask for help? (37) Maybe here, near these logs with which the dugout is fortified? (38) They themselves are not happy that they are hanging around here. (39) They were making noise in the pine trees so recently... (40) And when we were leaving for the front, do you remember our heated vehicle? (41) We stood at the open doors and sang some kind of solemn song. (42) And our heads were raised proudly. (43) The train stood on sidings. (44) Where? (45) At the Kursk station. (46) They didn’t let us go home. (47) I just managed to call home. (48) There were none of ours. (49) Only the old woman neighbor Irina Makarovna. (50) How much she spoiled my blood! (51) She asked me where the train was.
“(52) It’s a pity,” she said hypocritically, “your mother won’t be able to see you.”
(53) And I hung up and returned to my people. (54) And an hour later Irina Makarovna appeared at the carriage and handed me a package. (55) And then, when we sang, she stood in a small crowd of random women. (56) Who is she to me? (57) Goodbye, Irina Makarovna. (58) Forgive me, did I know? (59) I will never be able to understand this... (60) The package contained crackers and a quarter of sunflower oil. (61) And I vowed to keep one cracker as a relic... (62) I ate it. (63) What am I asking? (64) Wasn’t I myself, when the “frame” arrived and everyone climbed through the cracks, standing in plain sight?
- (65) Climb quickly! - they shouted to me.
(66) But I wasn’t hiding. (67) I walked around alone and laughed out loud. (68) If only they knew what was going on inside me! (69) Let no one know that I am scared. (70) But can I tell the truth to myself? (71) That's what I'm saying. (72) I am not Petka Lyubimov. (73) My flatmate. (74) When the war began, he went into the kitchen in the evenings to reason.
- (75) Germans, bastards, rods... (76) Everyone must stand up for protection. (77) Once my hand heals, I’ll volunteer.
“(78) They’ll call you anyway, Petenka,” they told him.
- (79) So - not a thing. (80) So everyone will go. (81) And when the Motherland is in danger, you should not wait. (82) Go yourself.
(83) And he asked me:
- Do you love your Motherland?
“(84) I love you,” I said. - (85) They taught me this back in first grade.
(86) And one day I met him at the military registration and enlistment office. (87) This is when I was delivering summonses. (88) He didn’t see me. (89) I was talking to some captain.
“(90) Comrade captain,” he said, “here I have brought liberation.”
- (91) What kind of liberation?
- (92)Armor. (93) As a specialist, he received armor.
“(94) Well, go over there and register,” said the captain.
(95) Armor is just armor. (96) That’s it Petka. (97) What an irreplaceable specialist he was when he worked as a watchmaker in a workshop on Arbat! (98) And Petka went to get registered. (99) Passed by me. (100) Stopped. (101) Blushed.
- (102) Did you see it? - asked me. - (103) So, who wants to die?
(104) He probably still lives on reservation. (According to B. Okudzhava)
Bulat Shalvovich Okudzhava (1924-1997) - poet, composer, writer, prose writer and screenwriter. Author of about two hundred songs, one of the most prominent representatives of the art song genre.
20. Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers.
1) The narrator is ready to fight the Nazis, resist tanks, and go through all the hardships of war.
2) Petka Lyubimov volunteered to go to the front to defend his homeland in a moment of danger.
3) The narrator did not expect that his neighbor Irina Makarovna would come to the car to give him a package of breadcrumbs and butter.
4) The narrator did not even admit to himself that he was very scared during the war.
5) The narrator’s neighbor in the apartment, Petka Lyubimov, was in fact not one of the irreplaceable specialists who were urgently needed in the rear even in wartime.
Answer:_____________________________.
21. Which of the following statements are true? Please provide answer numbers.
1) Sentences 53-55 contain a narrative.
2) Sentences 58-59 provide a description.
3) Sentences 63-64 contain reasoning.
4) Propositions 66 and 67 are contrasted in content.
5) Sentences 98-101 list the character’s sequential actions.
Answer:_____________________________.
22. From sentences 47-51, write down a phraseological unit.
Answer:_____________________________.
23. Among sentences 1-10, find one that is related to the previous one using cognate words. Write the number of this offer.
Answer:_____________________________.
Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed while completing tasks 20-23.
This fragment examines the linguistic features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Insert into the blanks (A, B, C, D) the numbers corresponding to the numbers of the terms from the list. Write down the corresponding number in the table under each letter. Write down the sequence of numbers in ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of task number 24, starting from the first cell, without spaces, commas or other additional characters. Write each number in accordance with the samples given in the form. Do not forget to transfer all answers to ANSWER FORM No. 1 in accordance with the instructions for completing the work.
24. “The narrator speaks about himself extremely honestly, without hiding his weaknesses. The emotionality of the narrator’s speech is created with the help of various means of expressiveness, including the following techniques: (A) ___ (“I still ...” in sentences 24-25), (B) ___ (sentences 32-33, 72-73) and syntactic means expressiveness: (C)___(sentences 22, 23, 35, 36) and (D)___(sentences 50,68, 97).”
List of terms:
1) anaphora
2) metaphor
3) quoting
4) interrogative sentences
5) epithet
6) parcellation
7) opposition
8) rhetorical exclamation
9) litotes
Answer:
A B C D
Do not forget to transfer all answers to ANSWER FORM No. 1.
Part 2
To answer this task, use ANSWER FORM No. 2.
25. Write an essay based on the text you read.
Formulate one of the problems posed by the author of the text.
Comment on the formulated problem. Include in your comment two example illustrations from the text you read, which, in your opinion, are important for understanding the problem in the source text (avoid excessive quoting).
Formulate the position of the author (storyteller). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the text you read. Explain why. Argue your opinion, relying primarily on reading experience, as well as knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account). The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.
Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) is not graded. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.
Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.