International Mother Language Day. Dossier
International Mother Language Day
Target: introduce children to a little-known holiday - International Mother Language Day, develop a caring attitude towards both their native and other languages, pride in their native Russian language, a sense of belonging to their ancestors, people, culture, cultivate patriotism, tolerance, develop children's speech, memory , thinking, oratory, to reveal the talents of children.
Preparatory work:selection of information by 4th grade students about the life of Russians and Bashkirs, selection of photographs for presentation. Organization of an exhibition of folk crafts. Learning a skit (Appendix 1). Decoration of the hall with sayings of famous people about the Russian language (Appendix 2).
Progress of the event
1. Today we will talk about language as a means of communication. It is no coincidence that February 21 is International Mother Language Day! It was established in 1999.
2. On International Mother Language Day, all languages are recognized as equal because each is uniquely suited to human purpose and each represents a living heritage that we should protect.
3. I love my native language!
It is clear to everyone
He is melodious
He, like the Russian people, has many faces,
How powerful is our country...
4. He is the language of the moon and planets,
Our satellites and rockets,
On the council
At the round table
Speak it:
Unambiguous and direct
He is like the truth itself.
5. International Mother Language Day is primarily aimed at protecting languages that are disappearing. And this task is important, because nowadays two languages disappear in the world every month.
6. On International Mother Language Day, all languages are recognized as equal because each one is unique. In Russia there is one official language – Russian. Speakers of various languages live in the Chelyabinsk region.
7. It is no coincidence that today we appear before you in Russian folk costumes. We are representatives of this nationality. It's important to remember that
Russia is a multinational state, on whose territory more than 180 people live; the importance of this fact is reflected in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Russia is a mononational state, since more than 67% of its population is of one nationality, while in official UN documents Russia is a multinational state. Let's remember what national culture is.
8. National culture- this is the national memory of the people, what distinguishes a given people from others, protects a person from depersonalization, allows him to feel the connection of times and generations, receive spiritual support and support in life.
9. “Tradition”, “custom”, “rite”- the most important elements of the culture of every nation, these words are familiar to everyone, evoke certain associations and are usually associated with memories of that “gone Rus'”. The invaluable value of traditions, customs and rituals is that they sacredly preserve and reproduce the spiritual image of a particular people, its unique characteristics, and bring into our lives the best of the spiritual heritage of the people. Thanks to traditions, customs and rituals, peoples are most different from one another.
10.Each nation has its own costume. You can see the features of Russian folk costume on us; they are also presented on the slide. Did you know thatLapti are one of the most ancient types of shoes. Bast shoes were woven from the bast of various trees, mainly linden.
11. Russians, like other peoples, have their own traditional holidays. Such asYuletide weeks, Maslenitsa, Easter, Gatherings (supredki), which were held in the autumn-winter period, Gatherings (round dances, streets), which is presented as summer entertainment for young people on the outskirts of the village, on the river bank or near the forest.
12. Russian hospitality– also an integral part of our cultural traditions. Guests were also always welcome and the last piece was shared with them. No wonder they said: “What is in the oven, swords are on the table!” Guests were greeted with bread and salt. With the words: “Welcome!” The guest breaks off a small piece of bread, dips it in salt and eats it
We welcome dear guests
A lush round loaf.
It's on a painted saucer
With a snow-white towel!
We bring you a loaf of bread,
We bow down and ask you to taste!
13. Did you know, Not a single house in Rus' could do without folk amulets. The Russian people believed that amulets reliably protect against diseases, the “evil eye,” natural disasters and various misfortunes, to protect the house and its inhabitants from evil spirits, diseases, to attract the brownie and appease him. When preparing for a long journey, a person took a talisman with him so that the goodness and love put into it would warm the soul and remind him of his home and family.
14. Russian folk doll is a historical part of the culture of the peoples of Russia. The doll, as a play image, symbolizes a person, his era, the history of the culture of peoples (Russian rituals and customs). Rag dolls were made in folk traditions using ancient techniques and technologies. Since ancient times, folk dolls have been made from twigs, scraps, and dry grass. Dolls symbolized everything secret and magical that exists in the human soul.
This is only a small part of the customs and traditions of the Russian people. Our small exhibition presents only a hundredth part of Russian culture.
Guys, do you know how many nationalities live in the Chelyabinsk region? The slide shows data from the 2010 census, the table shows.....
Our institution cannot be called single-national, since children of such nationalities as Tatars, Uzbeks and Bashkirs study together with you in the institution. And today we would like to present a short story about the culture of the Bashkirs. And will help me with this (invited guest)
Getting to know the Bashkir culture.
15. Guys, today you clearly saw representatives of two nationalities.Each nation has its own unique culture, history, traditions, way of life. And, of course, the language. Preserving it is a very important task.
And in order to preserve your language, you need to speak and write it correctly."To write well, you need to know your native language well." (Maksim Gorky). Look what ignorance of the simplest rules can lead to.
A scene about an orange, a ring and a pine tree. (Annex 1)
16. Just as it is impossible to imagine the earth without a sower, life without bread, a person without a homeland, so it is impossible to imagine any language without proverbs and sayings.
Game collect a proverb.
Proverbs. On the slide “Collect proverbs”
Think first - then speak.
Don't be brave in word, but show it in deed.
Talk less, do more.
The word is not a sparrow; if it flies out, you won’t catch it.
Talk without thinking, shoot without aiming.
Among the people, speech is an ally,
He poured his whole soul into her,
In the very heart, like in a forge,
He tempered all his words.
17. Love your native language, respect traditions. After all, respect and recognition of all languages is one of the main conditions for maintaining peace on the planet. All languages are unique in their own way. They have those words, expressions and phrases that accurately reflect the customs and mentality of the people. Like our names, we learn and acquire our native language in deep childhood from the lips of our mother. It shapes our perception of life and consciousness, imbues it with national culture and customs.
18. Native language!
I've known him since childhood,
It was the first time I said “mom”
On it I swore stubborn allegiance,
And every breath I take is clear to me.
19. Native language!
He is dear to me, he is mine,
On it the winds whistle in the foothills,
It was the first time I heard
I hear the sounds of birds in the green spring...
20. Our event dedicated to International Mother Language Day has come to an end. Love the Russian language! It contains our past, present and future!
Annex 1
Sketch “Ring Words”.
Sad, sleepy, cheerless
Our Zhenya came from school.
(A student enters with a backpack)
He sat down at the table. He yawned once.
And fell asleep over the books.
Three words appeared here
“ORANGE”, “PINE”, “RING”.
(Three girls enter. They are holding drawings in their hands: an orange, a pine tree, a ring.)
Together.
What have you done to us, Zhenya?
We'll complain to mom!
Orange.
I am not some kind of “OPLESSON”!
Ring (crying).
I am not a “CRAP” at all!
I'm outraged to tears!
Pine.
Only possible from sleep
Write that I am “SASNA”!
Orange.
We, the words, are offended
Because they are so distorted!
Zhenya! Zhenya! Stop being lazy!
It’s no good studying like that!
Ring.
Impossible without attention
Get an education.
It will be late! Just know this:
The lazy person will become ignorant!
Pine.
If you ever
You will cripple us, boy -
You and I will do something cool:
Treasuring our honor
Name Zhenya in half a minute
Let's turn it into a hedgehog.
Together.
You will be a prickly hedgehog!
This is how we'll teach you a lesson!
Zhenya shuddered, horrified,
I stretched and woke up.
Suppressed a yawn
Got to work.
Appendix 2
Sayings about the Russian language:
“Language is the history of the people. Language is the path to the civilization of culture: that is why the study and preservation of the Russian language is not an idle activity because there is nothing to do, but an urgent necessity.” (Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin)
“To write well, you need to know your native language well.” (Maksim Gorky)
"The Russian people created the Russian language - bright, like a rainbow after a spring shower, accurate, like arrows, melodious and rich, sincere, like a song over a cradle: What is the Motherland? This is the whole people. This is its culture, its language. (Alexey Nikolaevich Tolstoy )
“Take care of our language, our beautiful Russian language, this treasure, this state passed on to us by our predecessors. Treat this powerful weapon with respect: in the hands of skilled people it is capable of performing miracles!” (Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev)
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Slide captions:
International Mother Language Day 21 February 1 It was established in 1999 by the decision of the 30th session of the General Conference of UNESCO. Celebrated since 2000.
Mother Language Day is a holiday that began to be celebrated not so long ago. On this day, everyone should think about their attitude towards their native language, whether we are littering it with unnecessary words, and whether we speak correctly. And on this day we must remember how many languages there are on earth, and each one should be appreciated. After all, language is the culture of a people. Getting to know other languages helps you understand how interesting and diverse the world is.
Each nation has its own unique culture, history, traditions, way of life. And, of course, the language. Preserving it is a very important task. In revolutionary Russia in 1917, there were 193 languages at the time of the collapse of the USSR, only 40. About two languages disappeared every year... 5
Mother Language Day is a holiday that began to be celebrated not so long ago. On this day, everyone should think about their attitude towards their native language, whether we are littering it with unnecessary words, and whether we speak correctly. And on this day we must remember how many languages there are on earth, and each one should be appreciated. After all, language is the culture of a people. Getting to know other languages helps you understand how interesting and diverse the world is.
For a language to survive, it must be spoken by at least one person. At all times, languages arose, existed, then died out, sometimes without even leaving a trace. But never before have they disappeared so quickly. With the advent of new technologies, it has become even more difficult for national minorities to achieve recognition of their languages. After all, a language that is not represented on the Internet “does not exist” for the modern world. 7
The international organization UNESCO has recorded about 6,000 thousand languages spoken throughout the world. Half of them are on the verge of extinction. Just 4% of the population can speak 96% of languages fluently. And about 80% of the languages of African regions do not have a written representation. The international organization UNESCO has recorded about 6,000 thousand languages used throughout the world. Half of them are on the verge of extinction. Just 4% of the population can speak 96% of languages fluently. And about 80% of the languages of African regions do not have a written form 8
About 81% of pages on the global network are presented in English. Behind it by a huge margin are German and Japanese, 2% each, then Spanish, French and the languages of the Scandinavian countries, 1% each. The remaining existing languages, taken together, occupy no more than 8% of the total web space. 9
Thanks to UNESCO, a portal has been created online to enable national minorities to gain access to knowledge and educational resources. First of all, UNESCO calls for assistance to countries wishing to preserve their cultural diversity and provides high-quality educational material to national minorities. 10
After all, respect and recognition of all languages is one of the main conditions for maintaining peace on the planet. All languages are unique in their own way. They have those words, expressions and phrases that accurately reflect the customs and mentality of the people. Like our names, we learn and acquire our native language in deep childhood from the lips of our mother. It shapes our perception of life and consciousness, imbues it with national culture and customs. eleven
12
Native language! I have known it since childhood, On it I said “mom” for the first time, On it I swore stubborn allegiance, And every breath I take on it is clear to me. Native language! It is dear to me, it is mine, On it the winds whistle in the foothills, On it for the first time I had a chance to hear the babbling of birds in the green spring...
Se si bzer - adygebzesch Bze winter 1 ezh lepkyyr lepkyyzhkyym. Zi bzer zezymypesyzham and l'epkari ig'epezhyrym. Anadelkhubzer 1 umpem zysch 1 y kezylkhua aneri egepud. Aner zerytl'ag'um huede kaabzeu anadel'khubzeri t'ag'uu, ar ane feepl'u di lym hepschaue schymytme, di shkh'em pshch 1 e huedmysch 1 yzhu arash.... Boziy Ludin
International Mother Language Day, proclaimed by the General Conference of UNESCO on 17 November 1999, has been celebrated annually on 21 February since 2000 to promote linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism.
1. The date for the Day was chosen to commemorate the events that occurred in Dhaka (now the capital of Bangladesh) on February 21, 1952, when students who demonstrated in defense of their native language Bengali, which they demanded to be recognized as one of the official languages of the country, were killed by police bullets. .
2.
In revolutionary Russia in 1917, there were 193 languages, but at the time the agreement on the collapse of the USSR was signed in December 1991, there were only 40. On average, two languages disappeared every year. Currently, 136 languages in Russia are in danger of extinction, and 20 have already been declared dead.
3.
Experts believe that for a language to survive, it needs to be spoken by at least 100 thousand people. At all times, languages arose, existed, then died out, sometimes without even leaving a trace. But never before have they disappeared as quickly as in the 20th century.
4.
According to UNESCO estimates, half of the world's 6 thousand languages are in danger of extinction.
5.
Today there are more than 6 thousand different languages in the world. Among them are the most complex, most common and other interesting facts about the languages of the world.
6.
One of the most difficult languages to learn is Basque, it is so complex that during World War II the language was used as a code.
7. Papua New Guinea has the most languages. More than seven hundred Papuan and Melanesian languages and dialects are spoken here. It is logical that it was difficult to agree on which of them would become the state one. Therefore, according to the country's constitution, there is no official language here, and documentation uses English and its local version - pidgin English (half of Papuan "Tok Pisin").
8. The most complete dictionary of the Chinese language contains more than 87,000 characters, each of which represents a different syllable. The most complex is the archaic hieroglyph se - “chatty”, consisting of 64 lines, and of those currently in use - the hieroglyph nan, which contains 36 lines and means “stuffy nose”.
9. The most common sound - no language can do without the vowel “a”.
10. The rarest sound is the Czech sound “RZD”. It is not easy for Czech children - they are the last to learn Russian Railways.
11. The oldest letter is "O". It first appeared in the Phoenician alphabet around 1300. BC and hasn't changed a bit since then. Today the letter “o” is included in 65 alphabets in the world.
12. Nowadays, the most people in the world speak Chinese (Mandarin) - 885 million people, Spanish is in second place and English is only third. Russian language is in 7th place in popularity, it is spoken by 170 million people around the world.
13 . 80% of all the world's information is stored in English. More than half of technical andscientific publications in the world are published on it.
14. The shortest alphabet in the world is that of the natives of the island of Bougainville - only 11 letters. In second place is the Hawaiian alphabet - there are 12 letters.
15. The longest alphabet in the world is Cambodian, with 74 letters.
16. It turns out that Finnish is considered the easiest language. On it, the sound of all letters is always the same - how it is heard is how it is written. Although its grammar is much more complex than English - there are 15 cases alone.
17 . There are now 46 languages in the world that are spoken by just one person.
18 . There are cases of saving languages. The most striking example of a rebirth is Hebrew, which was considered a “dead” language for almost 2000 years. Today, Hebrew is spoken by 8 million people, including 5 million who use it as their primary language.
19 . Today there are 6,809 “living” languages in the world. Most of them are in Asia and Africa.
20. According to various estimates, the literary Belarusian language has from 250 to 500 thousand words. The dialectal language of Belarus is much richer - it has 1.5-2 million words.
Happy Mother Language Day!
Speak it often so it doesn't disappear!
Each nation has its own unique and inimitable language, which corresponds to the purpose of man and carries with it a whole heritage. The inhabitants of a particular state have their own characteristic features, traditions, culture, and the language is a direct reflection of them. It conveys the entire identity of the people, so the native language is a source of real pride. And Mother Language Day is a very important and necessary holiday.
Background
Like any celebration, this one has its own historical background. Its celebration was made possible by the events that took place in 1952 in Pakistan. Those from Dhaka University took part in a demonstration against the Urdu language. The majority spoke the Bengali dialect, so it was this language that the protesters demanded to recognize as the state language. However, they not only did not listen to them, but also began to shoot. As a result, four student activists were killed. Following the deaths of these and other people in Pakistan, as well as a series of unrest and liberation movements, Bengali was declared the official language of the country. The struggle for the right to use the manner of communication familiar from childhood was crowned with success. Subsequently, through an initiative (recognized in 1971 by an independent state), the UNESCO organization proclaimed the date February 21 as International Mother Language Day, which has been celebrated annually throughout the world for 14 years.
How this day is celebrated in different countries
It is not for nothing that Mother Language Day is recognized internationally. It is celebrated in many countries. In some of them, people adhere to certain orders and traditions in celebration, in others - each time everything takes place according to a completely new plan. Let's take a look at a few of the countries that first come to mind.
Bangladesh
I really want to touch upon this particular country, since here Mother Language Day is considered a national holiday, since the anniversary of February 21 became a turning point in the fate of people and in the history of the entire country. As a rule, residents of Bengal on this day organize a festive procession, lay flowers in memory of the martyrs in Dhaka (at the Shaheed Minar monument), and sing patriotic songs. Cultural programs, festive dinners, and prizes are awarded at city venues. There is also a special ritual associated with this great day for Bengalis. They buy special glass bracelets for themselves and relatives, thereby emphasizing their attachment to their native language and paying tribute to the national traditions and history of their country.
International Mother Language Day is a special occasion in Bangladesh. Every year, any event for Mother Language Day is prepared with special scope and honor. The government and non-governmental organizations of the country encourage in every possible way the holding of various kinds of events, trying to support the love of fellow citizens for their native language, and also do this with the aim of preserving and further developing the indigenous speech.
Switzerland
Let's touch on Europe. For example, in Switzerland, on February 21, Mother Language Day is celebrated in an educational spirit. Promotions, practical classes, and numerous seminars are held. Particularly acute in this country is the issue of families in which children speak two languages and both are native to them. The authorities, teachers and parents are well aware that such children require a special approach, which is why the country is developing individual programs for training and educating the younger generation, which are being successfully implemented.
English-speaking countries
In many countries of Europe and not only (England, Ireland, Singapore, Jamaica, Malta, New Zealand, and even the whole continent, and therefore native English), it must be admitted that it is, in fact, included consisting of six therefore has the most direct relation to the holiday.In any negotiations, travel and simply in communication, it will be your main lifesaver.
Each language is beautiful and wonderful in its own way, so we must not forget it, love it, cherish it and be proud of it!
Mother Language Day in Russia
In our country, love for our native language can be compared to a feeling of true patriotism that permeates everything and each of us. Especially when we are talking about primordially Slavic values, to which we can confidently include the Russian language.
There are many different worthy statements about the Russian word, but no one has yet expressed themselves on this topic better than the classics. The most accurate sayings that clearly reflect our spirit of patriotism include the Russian writer I. S. Turgenev, who said: “... you alone are my support and support, oh great, mighty, truthful and free Russian language.” Or it is enough to recall the decisive statement of V. G. Belinsky, he argued that “the Russian language is one of the richest languages in the world, and there is no doubt about it.” It is perhaps difficult to disagree with these brilliant people, since thanks to our language we think, communicate, and create.
In our country, Mother Language Day, the script of which is carefully thought out and prepared in advance, is held in many schools, libraries, cultural centers, higher education institutions and other educational institutions. Students carefully select the key in which the topic will be covered, learn words, and rehearse. All designated events, as a rule, are of a solemn, patriotic and educational nature. They are held with the aim of instilling in children a sense of respect and love for their culture, history, traditions and, of course, their native Russian language.
Vanishing dialects
In statistical terms, today, out of six thousand languages existing in the world, more than two hundred are considered extinct; they do not have a single living speaker. There is also the unfortunate linguistic category of endangered and endangered types of speech (with almost no descendants speaking them). And unstable languages that are not successful because they do not have official status, and their distribution area is so small that the prospects for their continued existence leave much to be desired.
In Russia, about 140 languages are on the verge of falling into disuse, and twenty have already been recognized as lifeless.
Each native language has its own characteristics and culture. It distinguishes nations, makes people appreciate and respect their indigenous style of speech, and pass it on from generation to generation. Therefore, Mother Language Day should definitely be supported as an international holiday, encouraged and carried out at the proper level in all countries of the world.
It is difficult to imagine how people communicated when the means of communication was not language, but, for example, gestures or facial expressions. Surely, without language today we would not be able to convey all our emotions, experiences and thoughts so figuratively and vividly, embodying them in songs, poems or prose.
1:1002 1:1007Our language is both modest and rich.
Every word contains a wonderful treasure.
Say the word “high” -
And you can immediately imagine the blue sky.
You say: “All around is white and white” -
And you will see a winter village,
White snow hangs from white roofs,
No rivers can be seen under the white snow.
Let me remember the adverb “light” -
And you will see: the sun has risen
If you say the word “dark”,
The evening will immediately look out the window.
If you say “fragrant”, you
You will immediately remember lily of the valley flowers.
Well, if you say “beautiful”,
All of Russia is in front of you at once!
The earth is inhabited by various living creatures: from the smallest bacteria to such giants as elephants and whales. But only man has the gift of speech. And no matter how we define this gift - sacred, divine, majestic, magnificent, priceless, immortal, wonderful - we will not reflect in its entirety its enormous significance.
1:825 1:832
The spiritual treasure of any nation is language.
2:1429From the first days of his life, a person hears the speech of people close to him - mom, dad, grandmother and, as it were, absorbs the intonations of their voices. Even without knowing the words, the child recognizes people close and dear to him by the sounds of voices. Gradually, the baby begins to master speech and learn about the world around him. And by the age of seven, as scientists have calculated, a child remembers more words than in the rest of his life.
2:2152From birth, it is necessary to instill this heritage - the native language - into the child’s soul. It’s not for nothing that people say that you can do without science in life, but not without your native language. And that's exactly how it is.
2:341 2:346When you want to say a word,
My friend, think, don’t rush:
It can sometimes be leaden,
It was born from the warmth of the soul.
It will rob, or give,
Let it be inadvertently, let it be lovingly,
Think about how not to hit
The one who listens to you.
In the whole world there are from 3 to 5 thousand different languages. Among them are the so-called world languages - Russian, English, French, German, Spanish. There are state or official languages - Polish in Poland, Mongolian in Mongolia, Swedish in Sweden and many others. And most languages do not have any official “position” - they are simply spoken... one by 10 people, another by 100, a third by 1000, and a fourth by 10,000...
2:1550International Mother Language Day is primarily aimed at protecting endangered languages. And this task is important, because nowadays two languages disappear every month in the world....
2:315 2:320The history of the origin of the holiday of the native language.
2:415
Like any celebration, this international day has its own historical background. In 1952, in Pakistan, students from the University of Dhaka took part in a demonstration against the Urdu language. The majority spoke the Bengali dialect, so it was this language that the protesters demanded to recognize as the state language. However, they not only did not listen to them, but also began to shoot. As a result, four student activists were killed. Following the deaths of these and other people in Pakistan, as well as a series of unrest and liberation movements, Bengali was declared the official language of the country. The struggle for the right to use the manner of communication familiar from childhood was crowned with success.
3:2138 3:4Subsequently, on the initiative of the country of Bangladesh (recognized as an independent state in 1971), the UNESCO organization proclaimed the date February 21 as International Mother Language Day, which has been celebrated annually throughout the world for 14 years.
3:434 3:439Mother Language Day in Russia
3:497
On International Mother Language Day, all languages are recognized as equal, since each of them is unique. In Russia, the state language is one - Russian. In our country, love for our native language can be compared to a feeling of true patriotism that permeates everything and each of us. Especially when we are talking about primordially Slavic values, to which we can confidently include the Russian language.
4:1737I love my native language!
He is understandable to everyone, he is melodious,
He, like the Russian people, has many faces,
How powerful is our power!
Our native Russian language is powerful and beautiful.
4:297There are many different worthy statements about the Russian word, but no one has yet expressed themselves on this topic better than the classics.
4:532 4:537
6:4
9:4
"Our Fatherland, our Motherland is Mother Russia. We call it Fatherland because our fathers and grandfathers lived in it from time immemorial. We call it Motherland because we were born in it, they speak our native language in it, and everything in it is for "We are dear. Mother - because she nourished us with her waters, taught her language and, like a mother, protects and protects us from all sorts of enemies... There are many good states in the world, but a person has one natural mother, and he has one Motherland."
10:1332Konstantin Ushinsky
10:1376 10:1381“The Russian people created the Russian language - bright, like a rainbow after a spring shower, accurate, like arrows, melodious and rich, sincere, like a song over a cradle: What is the Motherland? This is the whole people. This is its culture, its language.
10:1771Alexey Nikolaevich Tolstoy
10:56 10:61Treated his native language with reverence Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, called to love and study it.
10:254How beautiful my native language is,
Magical, singing, playing.
Like a clear crystal spring
Caressing the heart and soul.
Every word in it is a priceless diamond.
Every song in it is beautiful.
Sometimes beautiful, sometimes harsh,
Our Fatherland is famous for it.
Just as it is impossible to imagine the earth without a sower, life without bread, man without a homeland, so it is impossible to imagine the great Russian language without proverbs and sayings.
11:155111:4
Russian proverbs about words.
11:60Think first - then speak.
Don't be brave in word, but show it in deed.
Talk less, do more.
The word is not a sparrow; if it flies out, you won’t catch it.
Talk without thinking, shoot without aiming.
If you want to beat fate,
If you are looking for joy in a flower garden,
If you need solid support,
Learn Russian language!
He is your mentor - great, mighty,
He is a translator, he is a guide,
If you storm knowledge steeply,
Learn Russian language!
The Russian word lives on the pages
The world of Pushkin's inspiring books.
The Russian word is the lightning of freedom,
Learn Russian language!
Gorky's vigilance, Tolstoy's vastness,
Pushkin's lyrics are a pure spring,
The Russian word shines with mirror image -
Learn Russian language!
Our planet is inhabited by people with different skin colors, different histories, different customs and traditions, and they speak different languages.Every nation protects its language, its speech - this is its culture.
12:611Ushinsky noted:“When a language disappears, there are no more people!”
12:729 12:734Our language is beautiful -
Rich and sonorous.
That powerful and passionate
It's gently melodious.
He also has a smile,
Both accuracy and affection.
Written by him
And stories and fairy tales -
Magic pages
Exciting books!
Love and keep
Our great language!
20 interesting and unexpected facts about the Russian language that you probably didn’t know:
12:1324 12:1329
13:4
Most words with the letter “F” in Russian are borrowed. Pushkin was proud that in “The Tale of Tsar Saltan” there was only one word with the letter “f” - fleet.
13:305 13:310There are only 74 words in the Russian language that begin with the letter “Y”. But most of us remember only “yod, yogi” and the city “Yoshkar-Ola”. There are words in the Russian language that start with “Y”. These are the names of Russian cities and rivers: Ygyatta, Yllymakh, Ynakhsyt, Ynykchansky, Ytyk-kyyol.
13:772 13:777The only words in the Russian language with three letters “e” in a row are long-necked (and others with -neck, for example, crooked-, short-) and “snake-eater”.
13:1030 13:1035In the Russian language there is a word with a unique prefix for the language - ko-zakoulok.
13:1179 13:1184The only word in the Russian language that does not have a root is take out. It is believed that this word contains the so-called zero root, which alternates with the root -im- (take out-im-at). Previously, until about the 17th century, this verb looked like take out, and it had a material root, the same as in remove, embrace, understand (cf. remove, embrace, understand), but later the root -nya- was reinterpreted as the suffix - well- (as in “shove”, “blow”).
13:1977 13:4The only one-syllable adjective in the Russian language is “evil”.
13:140 13:145In the Russian language there are words with prefixes unique to the language and -, - total and total and a- - maybe (obsolete a vos “and vos will not be lucky”), formed from the conjunctions “and” and “a”.
13:450 13:455The words “bull” and “bee” have the same root. In the works of ancient Russian literature, the word “bee” was written as “bchela”. The alternation of vowels ъ/ы is explained by the origin of both sounds from one Indo-European sound U. If we recall the dialect verb to buchachat, which has the meaning of “roar, hum, buzz” and is etymologically related to the words bee, bug and bull, then it becomes clear what the general meaning of these words
13:1236 13:1241Dahl proposed replacing the foreign word “atmosphere” with the Russian “kolozemitsa” or “mirokolitsa”.
13:1426 13:1431Until the 14th century in Rus', all indecent words were called “absurd verbs.”
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In the 1993 Guinness Book of Records, the longest word in the Russian language was named “X-ray electrocardiographic”, in the 2003 edition “excessively considerate”.
13:334 13:339In the Grammar Dictionary of the Russian Language A.A. Zaliznyak edition 2003, the longest (in letters) common noun lexeme in dictionary form is the adjective “private entrepreneurial”. Consists of 25 letters.
13:713 13:718The longest verbs are “to re-examine”, “to substantiate” and “to internationalize” (all - 24 letters; word forms -uyuschimi and -hivsya 25 letters each).
13:1031 13:1036The longest nouns are “misanthropy” and “excellency” (24 letters each; word forms -ami - 26 letters each, however, “misanthropy” is practically not used in the plural).
13:1422 13:1427The longest animate nouns are “eleventh-grader” and “clerk” (21 letters each, word forms -ami - 23 letters each).
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The longest adverb recorded by the dictionary is “unsatisfactory” (19 letters). However, it is necessary to take into account that the overwhelming majority of qualitative adjectives in -y / -iy form adverbs in -o / -e, which are not always recorded in the dictionary.
13:449 13:454The longest interjection included in the Grammar Dictionary is “physical education-hello” (15 or 14 letters depending on the status of the hyphen).
13:697 13:702The word "accordingly" is the longest preposition and the longest conjunction at the same time. It consists of 14 letters. The longest particle “exclusively” is a letter shorter.
13:1023 13:1028In Russian there are so-called insufficient verbs. Sometimes a verb does not have any form, and this is due to the laws of euphony. For example: “win”. He will win, you will win, I... will win? Shall I run? will I win? Philologists suggest using the replacement constructions “I will win” or “I will become a winner.” Since there is no first person singular form, the verb is insufficient.
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To successfully master the difficult phrase “I love you,” the British use the mnemonic “Yellow-blue bus.”
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