Presentation for the event for primary classes "April 12 - Cosmonautics Day". Presentation on the topic "April 12 - Aviation and Cosmonautics Day" Presentation dedicated to Cosmonautics Day on April 12

Presentation on the topic "April 12" on astronomy in powerpoint format. Tells about the first steps of human exploration of outer space and the people who made their personal contribution to this matter.

Fragments from the presentation

February 2, 1955 A resolution of the USSR Government was adopted on the construction of a test site for testing intercontinental ballistic missiles. They decided to build the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Since 1957, Baikonur has been the first and largest cosmodrome in the world.
October 4, 1957 Our country launched the first artificial Earth satellite (Sputnik-1) into orbit. It was in orbit for 92 days from October 4, 1957 to January 4, 1958, during which time it orbited the Earth 1,400 times. Each orbit around the Earth took about 100 minutes. The satellite then burned up in the Earth's atmosphere.
October 4, 1957 considered the beginning of the space age. In honor of this event, in 1964, a 99-meter obelisk “To the Conquerors of Space” was built in Moscow in the form of a rocket taking off, leaving a trail of fire behind it.
The first animal launched into Earth orbit was the dog Laika. She was launched into space November 3, 1957 at half past six in the morning Moscow time.
August 20, 1960 The dogs Belka and Strelka flew into space; these were the first animals to return safely from space flight. After a 24-hour flight, they were returned to Earth in an ejection capsule and became world celebrities.
April 12, 1961 At 9 hours 7 minutes, the Soviet Union launched a spaceship into Earth orbit - the Vostok satellite with a person on board. It was Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin.

Gagarin said "let's go"
The rocket flew into space.
This was a risky guy!
Since then the era began.

The era of wanderings and discoveries,
Progress, peace and labor,
Hopes, desires and events,
Now all this is forever.

The days will come when space
Anyone who wants to can plow!
At least to the moon, please, travel!
Nobody can ban!

This is how life will be! But let us still remember
That someone flew first...
Major Gagarin, a modest guy,
He managed to open an era.

(Makhmud Otar-Mukhtarov)

For this flight, the cosmonaut received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Since 1962, April 12 has been declared a public holiday - Cosmonautics Day. Most of all, Yuri Gagarin's wife Valentina and daughters Elena and Galina were waiting for Yuri Gagarin's return to Earth.

German Stepanovich Titov. Hero of the Soviet Union. USSR pilot-cosmonaut, aviation lieutenant general. In preparation for the world's first human flight into outer space, he was Yu.A. Gagarin's backup. The space flight took place on August 6-7, 1961 on the Vostok-2 satellite.
Valentina Vladimirovna Nikolaeva-Tereshkova. The world's first female astronaut. Hero of the Soviet Union. Pilot-cosmonaut, colonel, candidate of technical sciences. She made a space flight on June 16-19, 1963 on the Vostok-6 spacecraft.
Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov On March 18-19, 1965, together with Pavel Belyaev, he flew into space as a co-pilot on the Voskhod-2 spacecraft. Flight duration 1 day 2 hours 2 minutes 17 seconds. During this flight, Leonov made the first spacewalk in the history of astronautics, lasting 12 minutes 9 seconds.
July 20, 1969 American astronauts landed on the surface of the Moon. Ship commander Neil Alden Armstrong, lunar module pilot Edwin Eugene Aldrin, orbital module pilot Michael Collins. They all went into space for the second time. The flight took off from Cape Canaveral on July 16, 1969. The first person to set foot on the moon is the ship's commander Neil Armstrong.

Gagarin Square

The monument was opened on July 4, 1980. The column is located in the center of a round podium, lined with polished black granite slabs. Nearby is a silver ball, a model of the Vostok spaceship. There is a cast inscription on the ball in memory of the first space flight. Sculptor P. Bondarenko, architect. J. Belopolsky, F. Gazhevsky, designer A. Sudakov.

April 12, 1961 The first spacecraft was launched in our country. Gagarin Yuri Alekseevich became the first space pilot to whom the vastness of the universe opened up. It is for this reason that we celebrate the date of the great discovery.

Venus Mars Earth Moon

Saturn Jupiter Uranus Sun

Mercury Pluto Neptune

S.P. Korolev

Sergei Pavlovich Korolev is a scientist who worked in the field of rocket and rocket-space technology. S.P. Korolev- an outstanding designer.

He is rightfully the father of domestic rocket and space technology, which ensured strategic parity and made our state a leading rocket and space power.

Who was the first to fly into space?

The dog Laika was the first to fly into space. She spent several days on board the artificial satellite, but they could not return her to Earth. In August 1960, the dogs Belka and Strelka went on a space journey. There were also mice, insects and seeds on the ship. After the flight, the animals returned to their home planet and felt great.

Cosmonaut dogs: Zvezdochka, Chernushka, Strelka and Belka (photo from 1961).

Dear friends, relatives and strangers, compatriots, people of all countries and continents! In a few minutes, a mighty spaceship will take me into the distant expanses of the Universe.

The first orbit around the Earth of a spaceship with a person on board was the merit of many, many people and, first of all, the general designer of spacecraft

Sergei Pavlovich Korolev.

Man's first spacewalk

March 8-19, 1965 Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov together with P.I. Belyaev flew on the Voskhod-2 spacecraft as the 2nd pilot. On March 18, 1965, Leonov went into outer space for the first time, moved away from the spacecraft at a distance of 5 m and spent 12 minutes in outer space outside the airlock chamber. 9 p.

First female astronaut Valentina Tereshkova

On June 16–19, 1963, she made a space flight as a pilot of the Vostok-6 spacecraft, lasting 2 days and 23 hours. This was the world's first flight of a female astronaut.

ISS - International Space Station

The International Space Station is the largest space object among all that were made by human hands. If you fit the station into a rectangle, then this rectangle will exceed the area of a football field. Although, of course, only a small part of this rectangle will be filled with compartments where people live. The station is so huge that it was impossible to launch it into space entirely at once.

Baikonur Cosmodrome S.P. Queen

Control of the docking of the Russian manned transport spacecraft Soyuz TMA-12 with the International Space Station.

We live on planet earth.

EARTH, the third major planet in the solar system from the sun. The Earth's surface area is 510.073 million km2, of which approximately 70.8% is in the World Ocean. Land makes up 29.2% respectively and forms six continents and islands. Mountains occupy over 1/3 of the land surface. Deserts cover about 20% of the land surface, savannas and woodlands - about 20%, forests - about 30%, glaciers - over 10%.

Take care of our planet Earth.

You might be surprised Having learned that the Earth is our common home! Animals and birds live in it And you and I live. The earth is our huge home, It has many floors For underwater residents And for forest snakes. There was enough for all apartments: For buffaloes and goats, For owls and crocodiles For hares and dragonflies. The earth is our huge home, And let it be built It is not made of concrete slabs, But that’s not the point at all. And the fact is that we are neighbors, And we must save Deer and bears. This is what we are talking about!

Take care of your planet! There is one garden planet. In this cold space Only here the forests are noisy, Calling migratory birds. And dragonflies are only here They look into the river in surprise. Take care of your planet - After all, there is no other one in the world!

Spring is rich in wonderful holidays, but one of them is especially dear to the hearts of Russians. This is Cosmonautics Day, which has been celebrated for more than fifty years. Traditionally, schools hold classes dedicated to this day. Depending on the age of the students, the form of delivery is chosen and certain tasks are formulated.

The main goals and objectives of the class hour

When choosing the purpose of a class hour, it is necessary to focus on the age of the students, the pedagogical validity of the event and the desired result. If we are talking about a class hour for elementary school (grades 3-5), target may sound like this: creating conditions for enriching students’ knowledge about the history of the “Cosmonautics Day” holiday.

In this case, this goal will be realized by the following tasks:

Introduce students to the history of the holiday.
To develop the cognitive activity of students, to stimulate further interest in studying the event.
Foster patriotic feelings.

For high school students, it is appropriate to choose more local goals, for example, those with a local history focus.

Historical reference

A class hour on the topic “Cosmonautics Day” must contain a mandatory block of historical events. The main thing that children should learn about is the event that happened on April 12, 1961. The first man flew into space. This was a citizen of our Motherland - Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin. He made his 108-minute flight on the Vostok-1 spacecraft.

A year later, on April 9, 1962, at the suggestion of German Titov, the second Russian cosmonaut, the Cosmonautics Day holiday was approved by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

By the way, German Titov was the second Soviet person to conquer space, and still remains the youngest cosmonaut to be in Earth orbit.

As of 2014, 558 people have been in space, 56 of them women. The first woman in space was also our compatriot Valentina Tereshkova. She made her flight on June 16, 1963 on the Vostok-6 spacecraft.

A class hour about astronautics is an opportunity to instill in schoolchildren a sense of patriotism and pride in their people. After all, the first people to go into outer space were our compatriots. Alexey Leonov did this on March 18, 1965. Svetlana Savitskaya accomplished her feat on July 25, 1984.

It is necessary to discuss with high school students the severity and danger of this profession. Since during all the flights into space, 22 cosmonauts died, 5 of whom were citizens of our country. The heroism and valor of these people evokes respect and admiration, and the teacher’s task will be to instill these feelings in his students.

Filling the classroom and decorating the office

To prevent the event from becoming a boring list of facts, it is necessary to fill it with an entertaining and educational component.

The teacher needs to select an epigraph suitable for the topic of astronautics and put it on the board. The statements of K.E. are perfect here. Tsiolkovsky, the founder of theoretical cosmonautics.

“What is impossible today will be possible tomorrow.”
« All our knowledge, past, present and future, is nothing compared to what we will never know.”
“It cannot be that there is not matter, time and space somewhere. They are infinite, continuous and eternal. It also cannot be that there is no life somewhere. She is also eternal, continuous and omnipresent..."

You can use the famous phrase uttered by Yu.A. Gagarin after landing.

Developing an extracurricular activity is a labor-intensive task, so you can download ready-made work from the site for free and directly prepare the class hour.

Books about space

In the office it is worth making a small book exhibition of books, both fiction and scientific. Open encyclopedias and atlases on bright and memorable pages. You can use the following books:

Galina Zheleznyak “Cosmonautics. Discovery of the Universe".
Mark Garlick, The Illustrated Atlas of the Universe.
Planets: a navigator for the young and brave.

Invite students to read fiction about astronautics and adventures in space. For example:

K. Bulychev “The Adventures of Alice”;
A. Ivanova, V. Merzlenko “Petya’s extraordinary adventures in space” and others.

It would be appropriate to hang portraits of the first cosmonauts, a star map, and images of spaceships in the classroom.

It is better to conduct the entire event against the backdrop of music, light and unobtrusive. While students are speaking the material, the volume should be reduced.

It would be useful to use short fragments from BBC documentaries about astronautics, to show chronicles of the first flight of Yu.A. Gagarin.

The choice of the form of a class lesson about Cosmonautics Day largely depends on the age category of the students. The easiest way is to combine several forms into one, then the event will be rich and will definitely remain in the memory of the students.

For an elementary school classroom, it is more harmonious to use the lecture form combined with the competitive form. Conduct a short quiz about space, ask riddles on the topic of astronautics.

Possible topics for class hours dedicated to Cosmonautics Day

For grades 1–5 of primary school, it is better to choose simple and understandable topics. For example:

"Forward to the stars!"
“What is astronautics?”
“Who is he, the first cosmonaut?”
"Path to Space"

The following topics are suitable for high school students:

"Preparing a person for space flight"
"Secrets of the starry sky"
"Heroic profession - astronaut"
“Prospects for further space exploration”

When creating a presentation for Cosmonautics Day, several conditions must be met:

brevity;
information content;
cognition;
literacy;
presence of a visualized series.

You can use . This will greatly simplify teacher preparation for class.

To successfully complete the class hour, you need to conduct reflection. This can be expressed in the form of a table that students fill out, in the form of a survey, in the form of a secret vote, etc. After processing the results, it will become clear whether the initial goals were set correctly and to what percentage the objectives of the class hour for Cosmonautics Day were achieved.