Spn with a pronominal clause. Determinative clause: examples

Refer to the pronoun in the main part ( that, each, all, etc. .), used as a noun:

which one?

He looked such , ( as if someone offended him ) .

which one?

… Location , (as if …).

Who exactly?

( Who looking for ) , That will always find .

Who exactly?

(Who...), places. … .

Refers to the pronoun in the main part.
Answers to the questions which one? Who exactly?
The subordinate part relating to the pronoun in the main part is joined using conjunctions as, as if, as if, what, to and allied words who, what, which, which, which, whose.
It can stand after the main part and before it.

Check yourself!

1. And That , Who with a song through life step E T , That n AND when and n AND where it won't disappear! 2. There was noise such , which been E t during strong m ABOUT Russian surf. 3. Only That mill E t a real teacher , Who n AND when not forgetting E T , that he was a child himself. 4. O such friendship , which can't stand the touch of the naked truth , There's no point in regretting it.

Pronominal correlative pairs.

The one who
Such - what
The one who
Such - which

Homework.

1. Learn the theoretical material of the textbook on the topic of the lesson.

2. Do exercise 97.

3. Creative task. Write out 6-7 of your favorite statements from the collection of aphorisms, in the form of an IPP:

a) with an adverbial attribute, b) with an adverbial pronominal attribute.

MEANINGS OF SUBJECT CLAUSES IN COMPLEX SENTENCES

Questions answered by subordinate clauses

Properties

Means of communication with the main offer

Examples

Determinative clauses

Which?

They refer to a noun and always come after it. An indicative word can be added to the defined noun.

Only allied words

WHAT, WHICH, WHO, WHAT, WHERE, WHERE, FROM, WHERE, etc. (all of them are replaced by WHICH)

In the evening we went out into the clearing, Where a huge oak grew. To the clearing Where there was a huge oak tree, we went out in the evening

Pronominal attributives

(if we substitute ALL THAT and the proposal is obtained, then this will determine.)

Which? Who exactly? What exactly?

Refer to the pronouns THAT, EVERYONE, ALL, SUCH, EVERYONE, EVERYONE, ANYONE, OTHER, NOBODY, NOTHING, SOMEONE, SOMEONE, SOMETHING, etc., used in the meaning of a noun. They can appear before or after the word being defined.

Only allied words

WHO, WHAT, (THE...WHO, WHICH, WHOSE, WHAT); SUCH...WHAT, (ALL, EVERY, EVERYONE... WHO).

Every, Who I was in the North in the summer and will forever remember the white nights. I put in this book only what What referred to Pechorin's stay in the Caucasus. Who seeks, he will always find.

Explanatory

case questions

They refer to members of a sentence that have the meaning of speech, thought or feeling, most often to verbs (say, think, feel), less often to nouns (request, thought, hope, etc.), adjectives (sure, glad, etc. ), adverbs (good, necessary, strange, etc.) The subordinate clause can appear anywhere (before, after, inside the main sentence)

The main part may contain an index word

Unions: WHAT, AS, AS, AS, SO AS TO.Conjunctive words : WHO, WHAT, WHICH, WHAT, HOW MUCH, HOW, WHY, WHERE, WHERE, FROM, WHY, WHY, etc.

Particle LI, used in the meaning of a conjunction

I told the boys What got lost. It is not without reason that they say that the master’s work is feared. They said as if he was seen in the city. A message about What The spacecraft landed safely and quickly flew around the world. Children feel Who loves them. I don't know if I will whether at home in the evening.

Connection

What can we add to this?

Similar to additional comments

Only allied words

WHAT (in indirect Pad.), WHY, WHY, WHY

(can be replaced with THIS, THIS)

He politely bowed to Chichikov, to which the latter responded in kind.

Adverbial clauses

Mode of action

How? how?

They are attached to the word SO or to the combination THUS,

Conjunctive word AS conjunctions WHAT, SO THAT, AS IF, AS IF, EXACTLY AS IF

The student did everything as the master demanded.

Measures and degrees

How many? how much? in what degree? to what extent?

They are attached to one word - a circumstance expressed by the adverb SO MUCH, MANY, SO, ENOUGH, etc.

indicating words are often found

The accessory part comes after the main part

Conjunctive words HOW MUCH, HOW MUCH conjunctions, WHAT, SO THAT, AS IF, LIKE, EXACTLY, AS IF

The student did everything so well that the master praised him

Places

Where? Where? where?

They are attached to one word - circumstance, expressed by the pronominal adverb THERE, THERE, FROM THERE, SOMEWHERE, SOMEWHERE, ANYWHERE, EVERYWHERE, EVERYWHERE

The subordinate clause can appear anywhere (before, after, inside the main clause)

indicating words are often found

Only allied words

WHERE, WHERE, FROM

Alexey crawled to where the plane went

Time

When? How long? What time? Since when? How long?

Joinabout the entire main part or to one word - pronominal adverb THEN, ALWAYS

Unions WHEN, (WHEN...THEN), UNTIL, BARELY, ONLY, AS SUDDENLY, AS ONLY, BEFORE, WHILE, UNTIL, BEFORE, SO MUCH SO MUCH (SINCE AS), UNTIL AND etc.

When I got out of the thickets onto the meadow road, I saw three girls far ahead. Grandfather ordered not to wake up Tanyusha until she wakes up.

Conditions

Under what conditions? In which case?

Joinabout the entire main part

The subordinate clause can appear anywhere (before, after, inside the main clause.

Unions only IF (IF...THEN, IF.... SO, IF... THEN), WHEN (=IF), ONCE, IF, AS SOON, IF

If imagination disappears, then a person will cease to be a person

Causes

Why? From what? for what reason?

Joinabout the entire main part.

The subordinate clause can appear anywhere (before, after, inside the main clause

Unions only BECAUSE, BECAUSE, THANKING THAT, BECAUSE (SINCE...THAT), FOR, GOOD, THANKING THAT, EVEN MORE WHICH, owing to the fact that, etc.

The forest was quiet and silent, because the main singers had flown away.

Goals

For what purpose? Why?

Joinabout the entire main part.

The subordinate clause can appear anywhere (before, after, inside the main clause

Unions only SO THAT, IN ORDER TO,SO THAT, THEN SO THAT, IN THE NAME OF SO THAT, SO THAT and etc

Particle unions ONLY, ONLY, ONLY, ONLY, ONLY

Everyone was silent so they could hear the rustling of flowers

Comparisons

Like what? Like what? Than what? How? Compared to what?

Joinabout the entire main part or to one word - compare. Degrees adj. Or adverbs, as well as to the words OTHER, OTHER, IN A WAY, OTHERWISE, OTHERWISE

The subordinate clause can appear anywhere (before, after, inside the main clause

Only With unions AS, AS IF, AS IF, AS IF, EXACTLY, SIMILAR TO AS, JUST AS, AS WOULD, AS IF, AS IF, AS IF, THAN, THAN - THOSE, NOT THAN etc.

The forest stands silently, motionless, as if it is peering somewhere with its tops and waiting for something.

Concessions

Despite what? In spite of what?

Joinabout the whole main part

The subordinate clause can appear anywhere (before, after, inside the main clause

Unions ALTHOUGH, ALTHOUGH, DESPITE THAT, DESPITE THAT, DESPITE THAT, LET, LET;

Conjunctive words WHO, WHAT, WHICH, HOW MUCH...NONE; WHERE, WHEN, WHERE, FROM, HOW...NOT

The night was quiet and bright, although there was no moon. No matter how hard we tried, that day we only managed to reach the mouth of the river.

Consequences

What is the consequence of this? And what is the result?

Joinabout the whole main part

The subordinate clause can appear anywhere (before, after, inside the main clause

Union SO

The rain was pouring down in buckets, so it was impossible to go out onto the porch.

1. Questions: attributive clauses answer the questions of definition: which one? whose?

2. Main word: attributive clauses refer to the member in the main clause expressed noun.

3. Communications: subordinate clauses are attached to the main clause using allied words which, which, whose, who, what, where, where, where, whence. The main clause may (but does not have to) demonstrative words: that, this, such, etc., performing the function of definition in the main sentence.

4. Place of subordinate clause: attributive clauses always come after the noun they refer to.

Room [which?], in which Ivan Ivanovich entered, it was completely empty(Gogol).

[noun, ( in which- union. word), ].

Let's dream, for example, about that life [about which one?], which will be after us, in two or three hundred years(Chekhov).

[noun + decree word], ( which- union. word)

In a complex biography of Andersen not easy to install that time [which?], When he began to write his first charming fairy tales(Paustovsky).

[noun + decree word], ( When- union. word)

Note!

1) Subordinate clauses are attached to the main clause only with help allied words. If the means of communication is a conjunction, it is not a attributive clause!

Slobodkin had a problem feeling as if he was frozen in infinite space(Telpugov) - from a noun feeling you can ask two questions: what does it feel like? And feeling of what?; in this case, the subordinate clause is not attributive, but additional precisely because the means of communication is the conjunction if.

2) In the subordinate clause there are conjunctive words when, where, where, where, from, who, what can be replaced by the allied word which.

We climbed into thickets where only wolves lived(A.N. Tolstoy). - We climbed into thickets in which only wolves lived.

2.2. Subordinate clauses that refer to one word in the main clause

2.2.1. Subordinate clauses
2.2.3. Subject clauses

2.3. Subordinate clauses that refer to the entire main clause

They indicate the attribute of the subject named in the main clause; answer the question Which ?

refer to one word in the main sentence - a noun (sometimes to the phrase “noun + demonstrative word”); are joined by conjunctive words: who, what, whose, which, which, where, where, from, when. At the same time, demonstrative words are often found in the main sentence: that (that, that, those), such, everyone, everyone, any and etc.

Like definitions in a simple sentence, attributive clauses express a characteristic of an object, but, unlike most definitions, they often characterize the object not directly, but indirectly - through a situation that is somehow connected with the object.

For example: Forest , which we entered , was extremely old.(I. Turgenev); Once again I visited that corner of the earth, where I spent two unnoticed years as an exile.

(A. Pushkin).

Subordinate clauses are added using allied words - relative pronouns which, which, whose, what and pronominal adverbs where, where, from, when. In the subordinate clause they replace the noun from the main clause.

For example: I ordered to go to a stranger item , which (= object) He immediately began to move towards us.

(A.S. Pushkin) - union word which is subject.

I love of people , With which(= with people) easy to communicate. (With which is an addition).

Conjunctive words in complex sentences with attributive clauses can be divided into basic (which, which, whose) And non-core (what, where, where, where, when).

Non-main ones can always be replaced by the main allied word which, and the possibility of such a replacement is a clear sign of attributive clauses.

For example: Village , Where(wherein) I missed you Evgeny, it was a lovely corner ... (A. Pushkin) - [noun, ( Where),].

I remembered today dog , What (which) was a friend of my youth.

(S. Yesenin) – [noun] ( What).

Subordinate clause usually appears immediately after the noun it modifies, but may be separated from it by one or two members of the main clause.

For example: They were just peasants kids from a neighboring village, who guarded the herd. (I. Turgenev.)

You cannot place a noun and the subordinate clause associated with it far from each other, you cannot separate them with members of a sentence that do not depend on this noun.

You can't say: We ran to the river to swim every day after work, which was very close to our house .

Correct option: Every day in the evening after work we ran to swim river , which was very close to our house.

The subordinate clause can break the main part, being in the middle of it.

For example: Mill bridge , from which I have caught minnows more than once , was already visible.

(V. Kaverin.)

Small house , where I live in Meshchera , deserves description.(K. Paustovsky.)

The word being defined in the main part may have demonstrative words that one, For example:

IN that room , where I live , there is almost never sun.

There are subordinate attributive clauses that relate specifically to demonstrative or attributive pronouns that, that, such, such, each, all, every etc., which cannot be omitted. Such subordinate clauses are called pronominal attributives . The means of communication in them are relative pronouns who, what, which, which, which. They are attached to the main sentence using allied words (main allied words - Who And What).

For example: Who lives without sadness and anger , That does not love his fatherland.(N. A. Nekrasov) - means of communication - union word Who, acting as the subject.

He is not such , what we wanted him to be. - means of communication - allied word what, which is the definition.

All seems good What it was before.(L.N. Tolstoy) - means of communication - allied words What, which is the subject.

Compare: That man , who came yesterday , didn't show up today- subordinate clause. [indicative word + noun, ( which), ].

That, who came yesterday , didn't show up today.- subordinate pronominal attributive. [pronoun, ( Who), ].

Unlike the actual attributive clauses, which always appear after the noun to which they refer, pronominal attributive clauses can also appear before the word being defined.

For example: Who lived and thought , That can't help but despise people in his soul...(A. Pushkin) - ( Who), [pronoun].

Subordinate clauses indicate the attribute of the subject named in the main clause; answer the question Which?; refer to one word in the main sentence - a noun (sometimes to the phrase “noun + demonstrative word”); are joined by conjunctive words: who, what, whose, which, which, where, where, from, when. At the same time, demonstrative words are often found in the main sentence: that (that, that, those), such, everyone, everyone, any and etc.

For example: The forest we entered, was extremely old(I. Turgenev); Once again I visited that corner of the earth, where I spent two unnoticed years as an exile (A. Pushkin).

For example: I ordered to go to an unfamiliar object, which (= object) immediately and began to move towards us(A.S. Pushkin) - union word which is subject.

I love the people I'm with(= with people) easy to communicate (With which is an addition).

Conjunctive words in complex sentences with attributive clauses can be divided into basic (which, which, whose) And non-core (what, where, where, where, when).

Non-main ones can always be replaced by the main allied word which, and the possibility of such a replacement is a clear sign of attributive clauses.

For example: The village where(wherein ) I missed Evgeniy, it was a lovely corner...(A. Pushkin) - [noun, ( Where ),].

I remembered today a dog that(which) was my friend from my youth(S. Yesenin) - [noun ( What ).

Sometimes at night in the city desert there is one hour, imbued with melancholy, when(in which ) night fell over the whole city...(F. Tyutchev) - [noun], ( When).

Union word which can be found not only at the beginning, but also in the middle of the subordinate clause.

For example: We approached a river, the right bank of which was overgrown with dense thorny bushes.

Word which may even appear at the end of a subordinate clause, as in the epigram of D.D. Minaeva: That field gives a generous harvest, for which they do not spare manure...

Subordinate clause usually appears immediately after the noun it modifies, but may be separated from it by one or two members of the main clause.

For example: They were just peasant kids from a neighboring village, who guarded the herd. (I. Turgenev.)

It is forbidden To place a noun and the subordinate clause associated with it far from each other, you cannot break them apart with members of a sentence that do not depend on this noun.

You can't say: We ran to the river to swim every day after work, which was very close to our house .

Correct option: Every day in the evening after work we ran to swim to the river, which was very close to our house.

The subordinate clause can break the main part, being in the middle of it.

For example: Mill Bridge, from which I have caught minnows more than once, was already visible.(V. Kaverin.) Little house, where I live in Meshchera, deserves description.(K. Paustovsky.)

The word being defined in the main part may have demonstrative words that one, For example: There is almost never sun in the room where I live. However, such a demonstrative word can be omitted and is therefore not required in the sentence structure; a subordinate clause refers to a noun even if it has an indicative word.

In addition, there are subordinate attributive clauses that relate specifically to demonstrative or attributive pronouns that, that, such, such, each, all, every etc., which cannot be omitted. Such subordinate clauses are called pronominal attributives . The means of communication in them are relative pronouns who, what, which, which, which.

For example: Who lives without sadness and anger, he does not love his homeland(N. A. Nekrasov) - means of communication - union word Who, acting as the subject.

He's not what we wanted him to be- means of communication - allied word what, which is the definition.

Everything seems good What it happened before(L.N. Tolstoy) - means of communication - allied words What, which is the subject.

Like subordinate clauses, pronominal attributives subordinate clauses reveal the attribute of the object (therefore it is better to ask them a question too Which?) and are joined to the main sentence using allied words (main allied words - Who And What).

Compare: That the man who came yesterday, today didn't show up- subordinate clause. [indicative word + noun, ( which), ]. The one who came yesterday, today didn't show up- subordinate pronominal attributive. [pronoun, ( Who ), ].

In contrast to the actual attributive clauses, which always come after the noun to which they refer, pronominal clauses can also appear before the word they define.

For example: He who lived and thought can't help but despise people in his soul...(A. Pushkin) - ( Who), [pronoun].