Alexander Tvardovsky (1910-1971) - Soviet poet, prose writer and journalist, the main theme of his work was the events of the Great Patriotic War. The most famous character of his lyric-epic poem of the same name, known both at home and abroad and telling about the fate, life and personal experiences of an ordinary person in war, is the soldier-hero Vasily Terkin, a simple Russian man who defended his Motherland from conquerors who showed bravery, courage, ingenuity, inexhaustible optimism and healthy humor in the struggle.

Tvardovsky was born in 1910 in a peasant family (farm Zagorye, Smolensk province), the origin of his parents: his father was a blacksmith, his mother was from a family of so-called odnodvortsy (peasants who lived on the outskirts of Russia to protect its borders). Parents, peasants, were literate people; in the house they loved to read the works of Russian classics (Pushkin, Gogol, Lermontov). The future poet composed his first poetic lines without even knowing how to write.

Tvardovsky’s studies took place in a regular school in the village; by the age of fourteen, he had already published his short poems several times in local newspapers. The editors spoke positively about his work and strongly supported the young talent in his endeavors and helped publish his poetic opuses.

After graduating from school, Tvardovsky moved to Smolensk, where he planned to study and work, but he had to survive with occasional and unstable literary earnings. When the magazine “October” published a couple of his poems, he decided to move to Moscow in 1930, but the attempt was not very successful and after returning, he lived in Smolensk for another 6 years and entered the Pedagogical University. In 1936, without completing his studies, he left for the capital and entered the Moscow Institute of History, Philosophy and Literature. In the same year, he began to actively publish, and at the same time the famous poem “The Country of Ant” was published, in which the author supported the collectivization taking place in the country (despite the fact that his father was repressed and his native farm was destroyed by fellow villagers). In 1939, his poetry collection “Rural Chronicle” appeared, at the same time the poet found himself in the ranks of the Red Army on the Western Belarusian Front, then took part in hostilities in Finland as a war correspondent.

1941 - Tvardovsky correspondent of the Red Army newspaper in Voronezh, he begins work on the poem “Vasily Terkin” (one of the poet’s greatest creative achievements, written in a simple and understandable style for ordinary people, which was created over several years and was published in 1945), the poetry collection “Front-line Chronicle”, lays the beginning of the poem “House by the Road”. Each part of the poem “Vasily Terkin” was periodically published in military newspapers to raise the morale and fighting spirit of the Red Army soldiers.

In the post-war period, Tvardovsky actively pursued his literary activities. In 1947, a book of stories dedicated to military events, “Motherland and Foreign Land,” was published; in the period from 1950 to 1960, a new poem “Beyond the Distance” was composed.

The years 1967-1969 were marked by work on the autobiographical poem “By the Right of Memory,” dedicated to the tragic fate of his father, Trifon Tvardovsky, who was subjected to repression by the Soviet regime. This book significantly spoiled the author’s relationship with official censorship, which did not allow the publication of this work (readers could familiarize themselves with it only in the late 80s).

Having been the editor of the literary magazine “New World” for a long time, Tvardovsky more than once fought with representatives of Soviet censorship, fighting for the right to publish in the magazine works belonging to authors disliked by the Soviet regime (Akhmatova, Solzhenitsyn, Bunin, Troepolsky and others). Thus, the magazine “New World,” which introduced readers to the work of writers of the sixties, represented a certain opposition force for the authorities, which expressed obvious anti-Stalinist ideas, which ultimately led to the removal of Tvardovsky from his position.

The poet, prose writer and publicist ended his earthly journey in the small town of Krasnaya Pakhra (Moscow region) in December 1971. He died from a serious and long-term illness, lung cancer, and was buried at the Moscow Novodevichy cemetery.

A short message about the life and work of Alexander Tvardovsky for children 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 classes

The Zagorye farmstead, Smolensk province, is considered the birthplace of A. T. Tvardovsky. In short, Tvardovsky was the son of a blacksmith, who in turn was extremely well-read and quite literate. Even as a child, little Sasha was familiar with such great literary figures as Gogol, Pushkin, Lermontov - all these books were in his father’s library.

However, soon, Trifon Tvardovsky was dispossessed and exiled to the north.

Already at the age of 14, Tvardovsky began sending his notes to many Smolensk magazines.

The Soviet-Russian poet Isakovsky, at that time editor of the magazine “Working Way,” supported the young talent and helped Alexander Tvardovsky publish his notes.

After graduating from school, a difficult period began for the writer. It turned out that it is not so easy to get a job and find income without a decent education. Tvardovsky wandered around the editorial offices for a long time with his articles, but almost everywhere he was refused publication. The same thing happened in Moscow.

Tvardovsky, a short biography on his return to Smolensk.

In 1930, A. T. Tvardovsky returned to his native land and entered the pedagogical specialty at the institute, however, he did not complete his studies, he quit studying at this institute from the 3rd year and received a diploma, but still received it in Moscow.

1931 - publication of Tvardovsky’s earliest poem, “The Path to Socialism.” However, Tvardovsky became famous only after his poem “The Country of Ant” was published, in which the main the hero Morgunok is looking for a country for eternal happiness.

For this unusual work, A. Tvardovsky was awarded the State Prize.

After the publication of the poem, several collections of Tvardovsky were published -

"Road",

"Rural Chronicle"

"Zagorye"

In 1941, Tvardovsky began large-scale work on the greatest poem “Vasily Terkin,” which has not yet lost its popularity. The poem was published in chapters. The first chapters were published in the magazine “Krasnoarmeyskaya Zvezda” (1942). The last version of the poem that Tvardovsky finished writing in 1945, and Vasily Terkin truly became a folk hero. The book became popular in famous literary circles, Tvardovsky was awarded the State Prize.

In addition to “Vasily Terkin”, the poem “House by the Road” was also written, completed at the end of the war.
In parallel with his poetic activity, A. Tvardovsky wrote prose - “Motherland and Foreign Land,” a book about the war.

The magazine “New World”, of which he was the editor, can briefly speak about Tvardovsky.
On December 18, 1971, A. Tvardovsky passed away; he died as a result of a serious illness.

Peasant family, 1910. The small village of Zagorye, located in the Smolensk province. Then and there Alexander Trifonovich Tvardovsky was born.

The child grew up in a family of ordinary workers: his father was a blacksmith by profession, and his mother came from a family of noblemen. Everyone in the house was literate, and within its walls on cozy winter nights, mom or dad read the works of Lermontov, Pushkin, Gogol and other Russian classics for the whole family.

The most ordinary class in a rural school located in Lyakhov. Here little Alexander Trifonovich spent four years of his school life. After completing primary school, the child enters a nine-year gymnasium, which closes after a while. Parents did not have the necessary amount to pay for their children’s education in another educational institution.

Creative path

At the age of fourteen, young Tvardovsky became a rural correspondent, and two years later his poems were published in the socio-political newspaper Rabochy Put. The next printed publication, which published a selection of the writer’s poems, was the youth weekly newspaper “Young Comrade”.

In 1928, eighteen-year-old Tvardovsky attempted to find a job in Smolensk, as a correspondent for the newspaper “Rabochy Put”. But the high percentage of unemployed people, coupled with the lack of education, did not work in the author’s favor. However, Alexander Trifonovich decided not to leave Smolensk, content with intermittent part-time work and small rewards for poems that were infrequently published in the local press.

War

1939, 29-year-old Alexander Trifonovich is drafted into the Red Army, thereby changing the course of his life in a completely different direction - the author is at the epicenter of hostilities in Belarus, more precisely in its western part.

In 1941, he began working in the Voronezh printed publication “Red Army”, and it was during this period that Tvardovsky wrote “Vasily Tyorkin”, and also published a cycle of poems “Front-line Chronicle”. Also in 1941, Alexander Trifonovich took on the creation of the work “House by the Road”, which will be ready in 1946.

Success story and fight against censorship

The war did not greatly affect Tvardovsky’s ability to work; he continued to write intensively in the years after this terrible event. 1950-1960 he works on the poem “Beyond the Distance - Distance.” Then the author works on the autobiographical lyric and journalistic work “By the Right of Memory,” which tells about the sad fate of Pope Alexander Trifonovich, who became a victim of collectivization. This poem was completed in 1969, but became available to the reader only in 1987; until that time, “By Right of Memory” was censored and not published.

Speaking about the life and work of Tvardovsky, one cannot fail to mention his journalistic career. In 1950-1954 and 1958-1970, Alexander Trifonovich held the position of editor-in-chief of the literary publication “New World”. This period in his activity can without a doubt be called a period of struggle and constant clashes with censorship - the editor-in-chief very often defended the right to print for many promising authors. Among them were such well-known names as Bunin, Solzhenitsyn, Molsaeva, Zalygina, Akhmatova. After a short time, the magazine turned into opposition to the Soviet government: poets of the sixties were published who directly expressed anti-Stalinist thoughts. In 1970, Solzhenitsyn, under strong pressure from the authorities, resigned from his position as editor-in-chief of Novy Mir.

TVARDOVSKY, ALEXANDER TRIFONOVICH (1910−1971), Russian poet. Born on June 8 (21), 1910 in the village of Zagorye, Smolensk province. Tvardovsky's father, a peasant blacksmith, was dispossessed and exiled. The tragic fate of his father and other victims of collectivization is described by Tvardovsky in the poem By Right of Memory (1967−1969, published 1987).
Tvardovsky wrote poetry since childhood. In 1931, his first poem, The Path to Socialism, was published. While studying at the Smolensk Pedagogical Institute, and then at the Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature and History (MIFLI), which he graduated in 1939, Tvardovsky also wrote articles. He became famous for his poem Country of Ant (1936, State Prize, 1941), which tells the story of the peasant Nikita Morgunk’s search for a country of universal happiness.
After the release of Ant Country, one after another, collections of Tvardovsky’s poems were published: Poems (1937), The Road (1938), Rural Chronicle (1939), Zagorye (1941). In 1939-1940, Tvardovsky served in the army as a military journalist, participated in the campaign against Poland and in the Finnish campaign. During the Great Patriotic War he was a front-line correspondent for various newspapers. The poet called his lyrics of the war years “front-line chronicles,” defining with this name its content and stylistic features.
In 1941, Tvardovsky began working on the poem Vasily Terkin, to which he gave the subtitle Book about a fighter. The first chapters were published in September 1942 in the newspaper “Krasnoarmeyskaya Pravda”; in the same year, an early version of the poem was published as a separate book. The final version was completed in 1945. In the article How “Vasily Terkin” was written, Tvardovsky wrote that the image of the main character was invented in 1939 for a permanent humorous column in the newspaper of the Leningrad Military District “On Guard of the Motherland.” The accidentally found image, wrote Tvardovsky, “captivated me completely.” The original humorous idea took the form of an epic narrative; the poem became for the author “my lyrics, my journalism, a song and a lesson, an anecdote and a saying, a heart-to-heart conversation and a remark to the occasion.” In the poem “just a guy himself” Vasily Terkin became the main hero of the people's war. Like all the heroes of the world epic, he was granted immortality (it is no coincidence that in Terkin’s 1954 poem in the next world he finds himself in the afterlife, reminiscent of Soviet reality in its carrion) and at the same time – living optimism, making him the personification of the people’s spirit. The poem was a huge success among readers. Vasily Terkin became a folklore character, about which Tvardovsky remarked: “Where he came from is where he goes.” The book received both official recognition (State Prize, 1946) and high praise from contemporaries. I. Bunin wrote about it: “This is a truly rare book. What freedom, what wonderful prowess, what accuracy, precision in everything and what an extraordinary folk language - not a hitch, not a single false, ready-made, that is, literary word!” Determining the main direction of his work, Tvardovsky wrote: “Personally, I will probably never be able to move away from the harsh and majestic, infinitely diverse and so little revealed in literature world of events, experiences and impressions of the war period in my entire life.” The poetic embodiment of this thought was his famous lyric poems I was killed near Rzhev... and I know, it’s not my fault... The poem about the tragic fate of the soldier Sivtsov and his family, House by the Road (1946), which Tvardovsky called a “lyrical chronicle,” is also dedicated to the military theme. In 1950, Tvardovsky was appointed editor-in-chief of the New World magazine, but in 1954 he was removed from his post for the democratic tendencies that emerged in the magazine immediately after Stalin’s death. In 1958, Tvardovsky again headed the “New World”, inviting his like-minded people to it - critics and editors V. Lakshina, I. Vinogradov, A. Kondratovich, A. Berzer and others. In this post, Tvardovsky, as defined by the critic I. Rostovtseva, “led literature and creative people out of the dead ends into which History, Time, and Circumstances had driven them.” Thanks to his efforts, the “New World,” which became the focus and symbol of the “Thaw,” published works by V. Ovechkin, V. Bykov, F. Abramov, B. Mozhaev, Yu. Trifonov, Yu. Dombrovsky and others. In 1961, Tvardovsky succeeded publish A. Solzhenitsyn's story One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich. In 1970, Tvardovsky was removed from his post as editor-in-chief. This aggravated the difficult mental situation in which he found himself, being, on the one hand, a major figure in the party-Soviet hierarchy, and on the other, an “unofficial oppositionist.” Despite the official recognition of the poem Beyond the Distance (1950−1960, Lenin Prize, 1961), Tvardovsky's poems By Right of Memory and Terkin in the Next World were not published. Tvardovsky died in Krasnaya Pakhra near Moscow on December 18, 1971.

Option 2

Tvardovsky Alexander Trifonovich, is a famous Russian poet. He was born on June 8, 1910 in the village of Zagorye, which is located in the Smolensk region. The father of the future poet was a blacksmith, who was dispossessed during the revolution and sent into exile. Tvardovsky wrote about the fate of many victims of collectivization of that time in his work “By the Right of Memory.”

Alexander wrote poems since childhood. His first work was published in 1931. This poem was called “The Path to Socialism.” During his studies at the Smolensk Pedagogical Institute and the Moscow Institute of Philosophy, he did not forget to write articles. Tvardovsky became famous after the release of his poem “The Country of Ant” to a wide circle of readers.

From 1939 to 1940 he served in the army as a war journalist. He took part in campaigns against Poland and in the Finnish war. During World War II he was a front-line correspondent. Wrote articles for many newspapers. In addition, he was engaged in creativity, writing his “chronicles of the front-line years.” This title determines the content of this work. Thanks to the fact that he was the director of Novy Mir, it was possible to publish the works of many Soviet writers. And in 1961, Tvardovsky was able to publish Solzhenitsyn’s story “One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich.” By the will of senior officials, in 1970, Tvardovsky was removed from the post of editor-in-chief. This greatly influenced the state of mind of the poet, who was both a big man in the party and an “unofficial oppositionist.” Despite the fact that his poem “Beyond the Distance” was recognized by Soviet critics and awarded the Lenin Prize in 1961, his other works were never published.

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Brief biography of Tvardovsky
Brief biography of the poet, basic facts of life and work:

ALEXANDER TRIFONOVICH TVARDOVSKY (1910-1971)

The father of the future poet, Trifon Gordeevich Tvardovsky, was the seventh son in a large peasant family and worked as a blacksmith. Mother, Maria Mitrofanovna, née Pleskachevskaya, was one of the bankrupt nobles. Having married a simple man, the girl found herself in a world completely alien to her. Trifon Gordeevich turned out to be a stern man; he often beat his wife and children.

On June 8 (21 New Style), 1910, the Tvardovskys had a son, who was baptized Alexander. This happened in the village of Zagorye, Smolensk province. The boy turned out to be the eldest child; there were also brothers Vasily, Konstantin, Pavel, Ivan and sisters Anna and Maria.

The Tvardovskys had relatively many books, so Sasha first became acquainted with the works of A. S. Pushkin, N. V. Gogol, M. Yu. Lermontov, N. A. Nekrasov at home - they were read aloud on winter evenings. Under the influence of the great Russian classics, the boy began to compose poetry early. The father did not approve of his son’s hobby and regarded it as self-indulgence.

Tvardovsky was sent to study at a rural school. At the age of fourteen, the future poet began sending small notes to Smolensk newspapers, some of which were published. Then he dared to send poetry.

Tvardovsky’s poetic debut took place in 1925 - his poem “New Hut” was published in the newspaper “Smolenskaya Derevnya”.

After graduating from a rural school, Tvardovsky moved to live in Smolensk. At first he lived in complete poverty. The poet was sheltered by the Smolensk writer Efrem Maryenkov. They lived in a tiny walk-through room without furniture, slept on the floor, and covered themselves with newspapers. I had to exist “on a pittance of literary earnings and knock on the doors of editorial offices.”

In the Smolensk Press House, Alexander Trifonovich met his future wife Maria Illarionovna. She acted as a critic and reviewer. But at some point, for the sake of love, she decided to give up her literary career and devoted her life to her husband. Tvardovsky's parents were against the young daughter-in-law, since she finally took their son away from the family. Soon the young couple had two daughters - Valentina and Olga - and a son, Alexander.

During the years of collectivization, the poet's family was dispossessed, although even the middle peasants had difficulty getting by. During the period of democratization of Soviet society, the poet was accused of betraying his family who had been sent into exile. Much later, documents were discovered, from which it follows that as soon as their arrest became known, Alexander Trifonovich began to go to the authorities and bother. However, the secretary of the regional committee, Ivan Rumyantsev, who was later also repressed and executed, told the poet:
Venim Lawyer for shared construction in St. Petersburg dduneustoyka.ru.
- Choose: either mom and dad, or revolution.

Tvardov understood the hint and was forced to stop his troubles. He tried in every possible way to help the exiles. The brothers ran away from the settlement every now and then. One day they all appeared at once in front of Tvardovsky in the center of Smolensk near the House of Soviets. Alexander Trifonovich already knew that the NKVD had opened a case against him, he was even expelled from the Writers' Union, and was persecuted in the newspapers. If he had hidden his brothers, he would have gone along the stage himself. And the poet drove the brothers away. For some reason, not his brothers, but zealous Russian journalists could not forgive Tvardovsky for this.

As soon as Tvardovsky had reliable connections in Moscow, the first thing he did was go to the Northern Urals and take out his entire family.

Tvardovsky’s works were published in 1931-1933, but Alexander Trifonovich himself believed that he began as a writer only with the poem about collectivization “The Country of Ant,” which was published in 1936. The poem was a success among readers and critics.

At the beginning of 1937, an arrest warrant for Tvardovsky was issued in Smolensk. The poet's friend Makedonov was taken first. Half an hour later they arrived for Alexander Trifonovich, but he was already rushing away on the Moscow train.

In the capital, Tvardovsky was supported by the head of the Writers' Union, Alexander Aleksandrovich Fadeev, who noted the talent of the young poet in a conversation with Stalin. With his help, Tvardovsky’s relatives were also freed.

On the personal instructions of Joseph Vissarionovich, the persecution of the poet was stopped. In 1939 he was awarded the Order of Lenin. It is curious that on the days of the award, Tvardovsky was a student at IFLI, and the exam papers included questions on his poem “The Country of Ant.”

Immediately after graduating from the institute, Tvardovsky was drafted into the Red Army. Alexander Trifonovich participated in the liberation of Western Belarus from Polish occupation. From the beginning of the war with Finland, already in the rank of officer, he served as a special correspondent for a military newspaper.

During the Great Patriotic War, the great poem “Vasily Terkin. A book about a fighter" is a vivid embodiment of the Russian character and national patriotic feeling. “This is a truly rare book: what freedom, what wonderful prowess, what accuracy, precision in everything and what an extraordinary soldier’s folk language - not a hitch, not a single false, ready-made, that is, literary-vulgar word!” - this is how an independent reader, Ivan Alekseevich Bunin, assessed Tvardovsky’s masterpiece.

Almost simultaneously with “Terkin” and the poems of “Front Chronicle,” the poet created the great poem “I was killed near Rzhev” and began the poem “House by the Road,” completed after the war.

But then Alexander Trifonovich began to have a creative crisis. His poetry didn't work. Tvardovsky began to think about suicide, and then started drinking in the company of Fadeev.

In 1950, Tvardovsky was appointed editor-in-chief of the New World magazine, which he headed for twenty years (1950-1954 and 1958-1970) with a break. The poet attracted such significant masters of the Russian word as Viktor Astafiev, Vasily Belov, Fyodor Abramov, Sergei Zalygin, Vasily Shukshin, Yuri Bondarev to the pages of the New World. Alexander Solzhenitsyn was originally published in the magazine.

Despite strong pressure from the editors, Tvardovsky, who firmly defended the position of high national poetry, categorically refused to publish Joseph Brodsky's poems in Novy Mir. Alexander Trifonovich admitted that all kinds of poetry are needed, but not on the pages of his magazine. However, when Brodsky was arrested and tried, Tvardovsky was outraged and tried to prevent the trial, arguing that poets should not be imprisoned.

In 1970, Alexander Trifonovich was removed from his post as editor-in-chief of Novy Mir. The poet fell into depression, then he had a stroke and lost his hand. Then he was diagnosed with cancer.

Alexander Trifonovich Tvardovsky died in Krasnaya Pakhra near Moscow on December 18, 1971. He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery in the capital.

Alexander Trifonovich Tvardovsky (1910-1971)

We all remember from our school years: “Crossing, crossing! The left bank, the right bank...” And then, more often in adulthood, we discover the deep wisdom of Tvardovsky’s famous six-line:

I know. It's not my fault

The fact is that others did not come back from the war.

The fact that they - some older, some younger -

We stayed there, and it’s not about the same thing,

That I could, but failed to save them, -

This is not about that, but still, still, still...

And “I was killed near Rzhev” is a ballad for all times.

The poems “Vasily Terkin” and “Beyond the Distance” became phenomena not only of the literary life of the country, but in the literal sense, phenomena of the life of the country, in the state sense. They evoked such a response among the people that people lived by them, as they live by the most significant events of real historical life - such as, for example, the first manned flight into space or victory in a difficult war.

Alexander Trifonovich Tvardovsky realized what his work meant in the fate of the country. And although he was a rather reserved and modest person, his comparisons, at least in this poem, speak volumes:

The whole point is in one single covenant:

What I will say before the time melts,

I know this better than anyone in the world -

Living and dead, only I know.

Say that word to anyone else

There's no way I could ever

Entrust. Even Leo Tolstoy -

It is forbidden. He won’t say, let him be his god.

And I'm only mortal. I am responsible for my own,

During my lifetime I worry about one thing:

About what I know better than anyone in the world,

I want to say. And the way I want.

Tvardovsky said his word about collectivization (the poem “The Country of Ant”), about the Great Patriotic War (his poem “Vasily Terkin” was appreciated even by such an irreconcilable person towards Soviet power and Soviet literature as I. A. Bunin), about the post-war decades ( poem “Beyond the Distance”)... He was called the poet of people's life, because in his work he captured the entire difficult, painful, intense spiritual process that went on among the people throughout the 20th century.

Alexander Trifonovich was born on June 8 (21), 1910 in the village of Zagorye, Smolensk province, into the family of a peasant blacksmith. Until 1928, he lived in the village, studied at school, worked in a forge, and was the secretary of a rural Komsomol cell. Since 1924, he began publishing notes and poems in Smolensk newspapers. Since 1928 he lived in Smolensk and studied at the Pedagogical Institute. Collaborating in Smolensk newspapers and magazines, he traveled a lot around the Smolensk region, as he himself wrote, “he delved with passion into everything that constituted a new, first emerging system of rural life.”

No matter how today they criticize collective farms and all sorts of excesses with collectivization, there is no getting around the true joy with which many, many villagers, including poets, greeted everything new back then.

Along the village, from hut to hut,

Hasty pillars walked...

The wires hummed and began to play,

We've never seen anything like this.

This was written by Mikhail Isakovsky in 1925.

At the end of the 1930s, a critic wrote about the poems of the young Tvardovsky: “Tvardovsky’s poems breathe a young, cheerful, full of goodwill belief that the new will prevail everywhere. But it will overcome without mocking the feelings and ideas of those people who entered this new world from the past...” That’s why Tvardovsky became great because he was not a straightforward, flat singer - he saw the situation in the country in all its complexity, and so imprinted. He never threw anything “from the ship of modernity.”

In 1936, the poet came to study in Moscow - at the philological faculty of the Moscow Institute of History, Philosophy and Literature, from which he graduated in 1939. They say that during one of the exams, Tvardovsky received a ticket with a question about A. Tvardovsky’s poem “The Country of Ant,” which by that time had become popular and was included in the curriculum.

During the Great Patriotic War, the poet worked in the front-line press. It was at the fronts that his famous “book about a fighter”, the poem “Vasily Terkin”, was born, which received nationwide recognition. Tvardovsky wrote in his autobiography: “This book was my lyrics, my journalism, a song and a lesson, an anecdote and a saying, a heart-to-heart conversation and a remark to the occasion.” Thomas Mann once wrote: “What is a writer? The one whose life is a symbol.” Of course, Tvardovsky’s life is a symbol, because his life and work touches many, many Russian people of the 20th century. And not only Russians. “Vasily Terkin” is now inextricably linked for centuries with the feat of our people in the Great Patriotic War. The language of this poem is so lively, folk, organic that many, many lines of it have become popular proverbs, the fabric of folk speech.

The front-line soldier himself, the poet Evgeny Vinokurov, writes about Tvardovsky: “Patriotic, conscientious, kind-hearted poetry teaches him, educates, instructs him, the significance of Tvardovsky’s poetry is great. And here, in his words, “neither subtract nor add”... In Nekrasov’s way, he cares about the country, and this concern for the country is felt in his every word. Great historical cataclysms, the fate of millions of people - that’s what always interested the poet, that’s what his pen was always subordinated to. The theme of the people became his internal lyrical theme..."

That’s right - the theme of the people became Tvardovsky’s internal lyrical theme. He is perhaps the only one in Russian poetry of the 20th century who does not have poems about love - about love for his beloved. There are poems about mother and poems about the Motherland. Such is his talent that all his heroic love was directed towards his country, towards his people. And this is not a deficiency of talent, but its deep originality.

After the war, Tvardovsky published book after book. Poem "House by the Road" - 1946. The poem “Beyond the Distance is Distance” - 1960. The poem “Terkin in the Other World” - 1962. And between these epic things, collections of lyrics, a two-volume, four-volume set of selected works are published. Tvardovsky is awarded state prizes. The head of state N.S. Khrushchev called him nothing less than “our Nekrasov.”

Tvardovsky led the magazine “New World” - he published “One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich” by Solzhenitsyn, the first works of the then young Vasily Belov, Fyodor Abramov, Vasily Shukshin, Yuri Kazakov, Boris Mozhaev, Yuri Trifonov...

Editorialism in the “New World” is a whole era with many events, collisions and even tragedies. Apparently, dissertations have already been written or will be written on this topic. Tvardovsky did a lot of good and wise things in the field of editing. There was a lot of struggle, sometimes Tvardovsky argued with the “party line”, sometimes he gave in to it, sometimes he himself gave in to his personal weaknesses... In a word, it’s not for us to judge. But if a meticulous reader wants to know the history of the New World magazine under Tvardovsky, he will discover a lot of interesting things. In the end, the poet was removed from the leadership of the New World. On December 18, 1971, he died.

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