Educational program perspective elementary school. Which elementary school program is considered the best? What disciplines are included in the program
"Perspective" is an educational and methodological complex (UMC) for primary grades of general education institutions, which is an integral information and educational environment that implements uniform ideological, didactic and methodological principles that meet the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard (FSES).
Textbooks for studying the subject area “Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics” (ORKSE) in 4th grade (can be used as part of the “School of Russia” and “Perspective” textbook systems):
ORKSE. Fundamentals of Orthodox culture. Kuraev A.V.
- ORKSE. Fundamentals of Islamic culture. Authors: Latyshina D.I., Murtazin M.F.
- ORKSE. Fundamentals of Jewish culture. Authors: Chlenov M.A., Mindrina G.A., Glotser A.V.
- ORKSE. Fundamentals of Buddhist culture. Chimitdorzhiev V.L.
- ORKSE. Foundations of world religious cultures. Authors: Beglov A.L., Saplina E.V., Tokareva E.S. and etc.
- ORKSE. Fundamentals of secular ethics. Shemshurina A.I.
Studying foreign languages using the following teaching materials from the Prosveshchenie publishing house:
The Perspective work program is quite popular in schools today. All textbooks are included in the Federal State Educational Standard. In this section of the site you can freely download and print textbooks, printed workbooks, teaching aids for the "Perspective" program for primary grades (grades 1, 2, 3, 4).
Is your child studying under the UMK Perspective program? We are ready to provide you with a complete set of textbooks and workbooks from grades 1 to 4 that correspond to this system. It doesn’t matter what city in Russia you live in - your set of textbooks will be delivered to you in the fastest and most convenient way!
Stores where textbooks UMK Perspective can be bought at retail, they raise the price quite significantly compared to the original one. But if you buy or order textbooks and workbooks as a set, it costs much less! But we don’t just offer you a set of textbooks - we offer you textbooks and workbooks for the Perspective program for the entire class at a discount, which will have a wholesale price that is 10-15% lower than the market price!
You can review the list and compare the prices listed there with the prices offered in the store. We are sure the difference will amaze you! Add to this the time saved that you would have spent searching for each textbook and workbook.
This issue is especially acute for parents of future first-graders. Everyone wants not to harm either the child or themselves. We begin interviewing friends and scouring websites in the hope of finding the answer to the question we are interested in.
Parents face a choice educational program.
But whatever the program, a lot depends on the primary school teacher: teaching style, interest, responsibility, attitude towards children and work. It would probably be fair to say that in elementary school “you need to become a teacher.” This means it’s worth learning more about the teachers who will recruit future first-graders and.
Let's start by listing existing programs for the 2017-2018 academic year in schools in the Russian Federation:
It should also be noted that all training programs are developed in accordance with the IEO, which allows you to master the necessary minimum of knowledge (invariant part of the textbooks) or acceptable for the curious (variable part).
Let's look at the pros and cons of curriculum in elementary school:
OS "School 2100"
This program is continuous from kindergarten through 11th grade. Covers a large amount of material. The teacher directs and controls the students’ search activities. The most difficult subjects are mathematics by S. A. Kozlova and A. A. Vakhrushev’s surrounding world.
At the moment, the program is limited in use by schools, since the teaching aids are not included in the Federal List, that is, they have not passed the examination of the Ministry of Education.
Pros: Students are accustomed to learn and acquire knowledge. They can easily find the information they need. They write a lot of essays and presentations, abstracts, and have a broad horizon of knowledge.
Minuses: The tasks are feasible for intermediate and high-level students to master; they require parental control and assistance. Another disadvantage is that not all middle and high school teachers are ready to continue teaching it in the 5th grade.
- First of all, parents of future first-graders need to focus on the level of development of their child;
- take the choice of a primary school teacher seriously, because a competent, experienced teacher will make any program interesting and useful, and the child will definitely learn it;
- It is also necessary to remember that the success of education depends not only on the teacher, but also on the desire of parents to participate in the life of the student himself, to spend their energy and time.
"Features of the Perspective program"
Kuzminova Elena Vasilievna
Municipal educational institution Pustynskaya secondary school
The Perspective textbook system reflects modern achievements in the field of psychology and pedagogy while maintaining a close connection with the best traditions of classical school education.
Scientific supervisor of the textbook system "Perspective" since 2010, became a Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, laureate of the Presidential Prize of the Russian Federation in the field of educationL.G. Peterson .
The advantages of teaching using the “Perspective” system of textbooks for primary schools are that,The nature of the construction of educational material allows each student to maintain and develop interest in discovering and learning new things. In textbooks, tasks are offered in such a form that the child’s cognitive activity, cognitive interest and curiosity develop into the need to learn new things and learn independently. At each lesson, the student, as it were, reveals for himself the content of future topics.
Each textbook is equipped with a system of tasks aimed at developing both logical and figurative thinking of the child, his imagination, and intuition. The textbooks systematically build theoretical material, which includes practical, research and creative tasks,
In the Perspective system, much attention is paid to
artistic design of textbooks and teaching aids,
modern design, excellent printing quality, “warm” and “smiling” illustrations: And the content of teaching aids is up-to-date and meets modern standards, systematically and accessiblely presented.
This includes a variety of interesting types of work, both for independent search work: “quizzes”, riddles, logical tasks involving cartoon characters, fairy tales, using geometric and graphic material, tables, and for collaboration with classmates (“do the work in pairs”) , with family (“find out from your grandmother, “tell your parents”).
In addition, in all editionsA navigation system is used that helps the child navigate the educational material and creates conditions for parents to be included in the learning process.
And the presence of workbooks on the surrounding world, the Russian language, and technology allows you to increase the pace of the lesson and its productivity.
The “Perspective” system of textbooks for primary schools was created in parallel with the development of the Federal State Educational Standard.
The educational complex contains a large number of developmental tasks (“Compare, prove why it is so that you know, think, remember, find...”), which allows you to build the educational process in a problem-based and research manner. During lessons on the world around us and at home, each student will be able to summarize and supplement their knowledge using the section “Behind the Pages of the Textbook”
In 2011, electronic supplements to the textbook by L.F. Klimanova “ABC”, “Russian Language” and to the textbook by N.I. Rogovtseva “Technology” were published in the “Perspective” textbook system.
Thus, the textbooks of the Perspective program:
They do not give ready-made knowledge, but teach children to think, provide evidence, and draw conclusions;
raise children in the spirit of traditional spiritual and moral values: love for the Motherland, for its history, for nature, for their loved ones;
correspond to all the principles of didactics: scientific character, connection between learning and life, educational learning, developmental learning, systematicity, awareness, visibility, accessibility.
The textbook “ABC” for 1st grade by L.F. Klimanova and S.G. Makeeva was compiled in the best traditions of Russian alphabet studies.
As in most modern alphabets, training in this textbook is divided into pre-primary, primer and post-primary periods (the authors call them preparatory, basic and generalizing periods).
Gaming methods are also widely used: charades, puzzles, crosswords, riddles, composing words from “lotto” syllables.
When considering the concept of a syllable, the authors abandoned the classification of syllables (fusion syllables, letters without mergers, open, closed syllables, etc.) At the same time, the classification of consonants by hardness and softness and the identification of their opposition on the model of not only the syllable, but also a whole word (mouse - bear, cat - whale, chalk - mayor, crowbar - flax, nose - carried). The same can be said about the opposition of voiced and voiceless consonants (mountain - bark, tooth - soup, volume - house, sew - lived). The results of consideration of these oppositions are recorded in tablets"Knots for memory" (pp. 77, 91, 108-109 in part I and pp. 22-23, 44-45, 68-69 in part II). In general, these signs resemble those in the Russian ABC.
A characteristic feature of the textbook is that lexical work is constantly, purposefully, but not intrusively carried out on homonyms (onion - onion), homoforms (whether washed - washed), homographs (castle - castle), homonymy of roots (goose - goose - caterpillar), polysemy (spruce needles, hedgehog needles and sewing needles), thematic groups of words (jackdaw - magpie - oriole, aster - iris - primrose, marmot - gopher - rat), antonyms (easy - difficult), nests of cognate words (snow - snowball - snowballs – snowflakes), phraseological units (winter is just around the corner, kill it on your nose).
Attention is also paid to the study of spelling. Traditionally, during the period of learning to read and write, the spelling of capital letters at the beginning of a sentence and in proper names, the spelling of the combinations ZHI-SHI, CHA-SCHA, CHU-SHU are given. This material is also presented in this textbook.
Words and texts used as illustrative and training material in the main section of the alphabet are accessible to first-graders. Russian proverbs, sayings, riddles, tongue twisters, texts of Russian classical children's literature (V.A. Zhukovsky, A.S. Pushkin, A.K. Tolstoy, L.N. Tolstoy, A.A. Fet, V. Maykov) are widely used , K.D. Ushinsky, works of poets and prose writers of the twentieth century - S. Marshak, A. Barto, D. Kharms, B. Zakhoder, V. Berestov, I. Tokmakova, N. Matveeva and others, and popular science articles by V. .Bianchi, N.Sladkova and A.Pleshakova)
Minuses: (unlike Goretsky's Russian ABC) there are very few plot pictures that would not interfere with the development of speech. Therefore, we have to select pictures with scenes for the lesson.
Copybooks Copybook 1 “Draw, think, tell” (authors L.F. Klimanova, V.I. Romanina, L.N. Boreiko) is intended for work in the pre-letter period, copybooks 2 and 3 “My alphabet” (author L.F. Klimanova) – in alphabetic and cursive 4 “I write beautifully” (authors L.F. Klimanova and L.Ya. Zheltovskaya) – in the post-letter period.
Of particular interest is copy 1 “Draw, think, tell,” which is intended for training fine motor skills of the hand and eye as preparatory exercises for writing letters. Here are all the necessarytypes of work: various shadings , tracing and coloring drawings, writing out elements of block letters . But, besides this purely utilitarian function,Copybooks contribute to the development of spatial and temporal perception of the surrounding world. Children should reflect on the concepts: what is the center of a square and a circle, which object is larger and which is smaller, which path is longer and which is shorter, where the direction is to the right and where to the left, which objects are similar to each other and which are different. Children learn to compare, contrast, group, differentiate, and practically become familiar with the concept of set and its elements.
Copybook “My Alphabet” in two parts also contain a number of interesting finds. Considering the high labor intensity of the writing process for first graders,the author introduces game aspects: puzzles, sections “Riddles of words”, metathesis (composing words by rearranging syllables), adding “lost” elements of letters, “letter mosaic” (composing letters from disparate elements), chainwords, coloring pages.
Much attention is paid to diverseworking with sound-letter schemes of words. Vocabulary is not forgotten either: exercises are given to determine the polysemy of words, homonyms, and to compile thematic groups of words. Quite often, exercises are given to develop speech: composing sentences and texts including the words being studied.
The “Writing Beautifully” copybook is intended for further development of calligraphy skills. Writing tasks become significantly more difficult. This is writing entire phrases, proverbs, answers to questions, stories. In the final lessons, this is writing notes and letters, that is, the practical mastery of such a communicative-oriented genre as epistolary.
Textbook “The World Around us” by A.A. Pleshakov and M.Yu. Novitskaya
intended FOR A CHILD. This is a textbook ABOUT A CHILD and HIS WORLD.
A distinctive feature of the textbook is the presentation of the world not as a separate object of study, but through personal perception: the world of your family, the world of your class, the natural world of your yard, the world of your school, your Motherland.
Most of the information to be studied is entered
inductivelythrough observation, photo comparison, completing tasks,
and the information itself is given at the end of the lesson as a conclusion, the result of the students’ reflection. This information is presented simply, clearly, clearly, and is understandable to first-graders. Inductive and problem-based approaches that require children to think and prove support their thinking and language development.
The textbook is richly illustrated with photographs, reproductions of paintings by Russian artists and drawings specially made for this publication.
The main advantage of the textbook “Technology: Man, Nature, Technology” by N.I. Rogovtseva, N.V. Bogdanova, I.P. Freytag for grade 1 is that this textbook is not on labor training, but rather a textbook on technology and it is addressed to children who not only learn to make crafts with their own hands, but also learn the basics of their manufacturing technology, that is, the features of materials, stages of preparatory work, stages of work, design features. The textbook is addressed to children of the 21st century, living in different sociocultural conditions than children of the 20th century, and is intended to prepare them as versatile and competitive citizens who possess not only labor skills, but also technological thinking. And the fact that the authors propose to develop such thinking from the very first days of school increases the relevance and significance of this textbook.
The technology textbook is also connected with the textbooks “ABC”, “Russian Language”, “Literary Reading”, included in the line of teaching materials “Perspective”. This is evidenced by the fact that this textbook opens with a similar section “Let’s get to know each other”, a dialogical way of presenting information, the presence of the same permanent characters Anya, Vanya and Owl, the inclusion in the textbook of proverbs, poems, riddles, information on the history of writing and other ways of communication between people .
Textbook structure"Mathematics" L.G. Peterson
savestraditional lesson structure
, which helps the teacher plan and determine the purpose of the lesson.
Textbookstarts from the pre-numerical period
, during which attention is focused oncomparing and counting objects
,
development of spatial and temporal concepts
.
A new topic has been introduced: “Sets and operations on them”
”, which is the implementation of a “set-theoretic approach to the introduction of the basic concepts of “number”, “magnitude”, “figure”.
The study of numbering numbers from 1 to 10 is associated with geometric material.
This approach is logically justified. Numbers and digits are entered sequentially one at a time in accordance with their place in the natural number series.
Atlearning addition and subtraction techniques
within 10 the authors entered the workwith a number line.
This allows you to clearly explain the calculation algorithm to children.
Textbook "Mathematics" for 1st grade by author L.G. Peterson of developmental type. Its content is aimed mainly at the intellectual development of younger schoolchildren, the formation of culture and independent thinking. In the elementary grades, especially in the first grade, methods of educational work are just beginning to take shape. Therefore, a continuous clear line is needed, aimed at developing attention, observation, memory, and the ability to analyze, compare, and find patterns. This line, it seems to me, is visible in this textbook.
Before studying numbers, a lot of work is done with the concept of “set”, “element of a set”, which allows children to more easily learn the order of numbers and the meaning of the operations of addition and subtraction.
The textbook is distinguished by its thoroughly thought-out work with text problems. Before the introduction of the term “task”, purposeful preparatory work can be traced. Children learn to compose stories, first from paired, then from triple pictures, and see supporting words. By the time the term “task” is introduced, students already understand the meaning and structure of the task. In grade 1, simple problems are studied to find the sum, remainder, unknown term, increase (decrease) a number by several units, difference comparisons and compound problems in 2 steps.
The manual studies the numbering of numbers of the first and second tens, addition and subtraction of numbers within 20 without passing and with passing through a ten. However, arithmetic operations are considered more broadly: subtraction of two-digit numbers, addition and subtraction of segments, addition and subtraction of quantities are introduced. Thus, both the number line and the geometric line are studied more thoroughly.
The textbook by L.G. Peterson is published complete with “Independent and test work”, which material helps to test skills and abilities.
+++
The textbook contains a large number of various developmental exercises, contains all the necessary information on mathematics, is compiled taking into account age characteristics, and promotes the development of students’ thinking and creative abilities.
The development of logical thinking is also facilitated by a fairly large number of “reasoning” (“Olympiad” type) problems and problems composing.
In the second half of the year, work continues on adding and subtracting the numbers of the first and then the second ten, including moving through the ten, which corresponds to the traditional approach to compiling textbooks for the 1st grade. According to the material, the concepts of difference comparison, mass and its units of measurement, terms and sum, commutative property of addition, minuend, subtrahend and difference, two-digit numbers, decimeter and transition through ten are introduced. When solving examples and problems, much attention is paid to understanding calculation algorithms, to children searching for the most rational ways to solve problems, to developing the eye and muscular sense of weight. The number of non-trivial tasks also increases (subject to the main psychological requirement of moving from simple to complex when developing skills).
A big plus is that the mathematics textbook is a textbook-notebook.
Minuses: Methodological kits, notebooks, and teaching materials cannot be found on the open market. There are “strange” problems that cannot be solved.
Diagnostics (September-December), observation in class and outside of class, during the first half of the year, showed an increase in the levels of development of cognitive interest and cognitive abilities in general.
Analysis of the results obtained allows us to say that there is an increase in learning motivation among first-graders. Positive dynamics in the development of cognitive processes are visible: an increase in the levels of development of thinking, memory, and attention
The consistently high level of psychological comfort, performance during the school day, and the emotionally positive perception of the Perspective educational complex by students indicate that the teaching aids meet the requirements of health protection. The wealth of educational and visual material, the variety of types of tasks, sources of information, their developmental orientation, and age-related conditions enable the teacher to widely use communication, dialogue, health-saving and other person-oriented technologies in the classroom, which is the key to positive trends in all areas of the educational process in the future. .
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Artistic features of A's works
Analysis of the educational program of the elementary school of the Taurida Gymnasium