Symbols of the USSR. State emblem of the USSR

It just so happens that any state must have its own symbols, reflecting the patriotism of the people, their wealth and historical heritage. The history of the coat of arms of the USSR began precisely in 1922, when the RSFSR, ZSFSR, Belarusian and Ukrainian SSR signed the Treaty on Education. Article 22 of this treaty established that the USSR has its own state seal, anthem, flag and coat of arms.

How the first coat of arms of the USSR was developed

After its formation, a special commission was created that was involved in the development of state symbols. The Presidium of the Central Executive Committee listed the main elements of the coat of arms: sickle, forge hammer, rising sun. Previously, they were depicted on the coat of arms of the RSFSR, which was approved by V.I. Lenin.

Already in mid-January 1923, artists presented to the Central Executive Committee many sketches that met all established standards. The project completed by V.P. was chosen. Korzuny together with V.N. Adrianov, who proposed placing an image of the globe in the drawing. I.I. was also invited to work on the coat of arms. Dubasov, who developed sketches of the Union's banknotes. It was this honored figure who finally finalized the drawing.

The painstaking work of the artists was closely monitored by the authorities. Secretary of the Presidium A.S. Enukidze proposed replacing the “USSR” monogram at the top of the coat of arms with a small red five-pointed star. By the beginning of July 1923, a project was adopted that contained a description of the new state symbol.

What did the coat of arms of the USSR look like?

If you ask modern youth whether they know what the Soviet coat of arms looked like, only a few will be able to describe it. And in those days, every person stopped on the street could tell in detail everything about his state symbol. This is what patriotism means!

The state emblem of the USSR contained an image of the globe, against which a hammer and sickle could be seen, and around there was a frame of sun rays and ears of corn. At the same time, the latter were entwined with red ribbons, which contained the inscription “Workers of all countries, unite!” in all national languages ​​of the Soviet republics. A star was visible at the top of the coat of arms.

Decoding symbols

Every detail of the state emblem is depicted for a reason, because there is meaning in everything, and the coat of arms of the USSR is no exception. denotes a willingness to be open to the whole world in terms of political, financial and friendly relations. The hammer and sickle embody the union of workers, peasants and intellectuals fighting for a brighter future. The rising sun is a symbol of the emergence of the USSR, building a communist society. Some interpret the sun with its rays as the birth of communist ideas.

What else is remarkable about the coat of arms of the USSR? The picture contains an image of ears of corn, which are identified with the wealth and prosperity of the state. It has long been known that bread is the king of everything, and the Union knew how to grow the best grain in its endless fields. Disputes over the meaning of the red star with a gold border have not subsided to this day. Some see it as a pentagram, others interpret the drawing as a symbol, and the creators claim that the star means victory and power. The ribbons displayed the number of republics that were part of the USSR.

Changes in state symbols

According to the constitution approved in 1936, the USSR included 11 republics. There were also initially 11 ribbons on the coat of arms. In September 1940, the Presidium of the USSR proposed changes to the coat of arms, due to the fact that the number of allied states had increased. Work has begun again on the image of the state symbol. In the spring of 1941, a preliminary draft of the coat of arms was adopted, but the outbreak of war prevented its finalization.

At the end of June 1946, a new version of the state emblem was introduced. The motto on it was already reproduced in 16 languages, Moldavian, Finnish, Latvian, Estonian and Lithuanian were added.

By decree of the USSR Presidium of September 12, 1956, ribbon number sixteen containing an inscription in Finnish was removed from the coat of arms, since the Karelo-Finnish SSR was included in the RSFSR. In April 1958, the text of the motto in Belarusian was changed. “PRALETARS OF OUR COUNTRY, HAPPY!” - this is how it began to sound in a new context. Goznak artists worked on all the clarifications: S.A. Novsky, I.S. Krylkov, S.A. Pomansky and others.

The 15-ribbon coat of arms existed until the collapse of the Union due to Gorbachev’s perestroika. At the moment, the coat of arms of the USSR is prohibited from public display. It is appropriate to use Soviet symbols only for informational and museum purposes.

Another state symbol: the flag

The flag of the Soviet Union is not as remarkable as the coat of arms, but this does not make it any less important as a symbol of the state. The red flag reminds many of the Soviet past, but the flag was not always just red.

In 1923, the flag and coat of arms of the USSR were legislatively approved, which underwent many changes during the existence of the state. The first flag contained an image of the coat of arms located in the center of the canvas. It existed until November 12, 1923 (until the third session of the Central Executive Committee). On this day, an amendment was made to Article 71 stating that the flag should consist of a red (or scarlet) panel with an image of a gold-colored sickle and hammer at the top corner of the pole and above them a red star framed by a gold-colored border.

On April 8, 1924, a detailed description of the flag of the Soviet Union was approved with the ratio of the length and width of all images on the symbols. Also on the banner there was a gold stripe framing the roof, inside of which there was a hammer and sickle.

There were some changes

Like the coat of arms of the USSR, the flag was changed many times. Already in December 1936, the roof with a gold stripe was removed from the description of the state banner, and the color could again be not only red, but also scarlet. Since then, the flag has remained virtually unchanged in appearance, with only occasional small details being adjusted. For example, the sickle was repeatedly lengthened or shortened, or the angle of its intersection with the hammer was changed.

Only in August 1955 did the USSR authorities approve the “Regulations on the State Flag of the USSR”. It legally regulated when, where and how the symbol of state power should be raised.

A little about the 1955 Regulations

The regulations stated that the flag should be constantly raised only on the buildings of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces and the Council of Ministers of the USSR, as well as the main subordinate organizations. It was stipulated that it should be raised on buildings where the Congress of Soviets of the USSR or a session of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR takes place. For example, on March 8, May 1, November 7, it was allowed to raise the banner on residential buildings. The use of the USSR flag on naval vessels was also provided for, but only for vessels sailing on waterways within the USSR.

The meaning of the state flag of the USSR

The USSR was a powerful state, and the symbolism spoke for itself. The flag signified the unity of the people, their strength and steadfastness. The hammer and sickle were identified with the brotherhood of workers of all nationalities of the country, who were building a bright, indestructible communist future, which was indeed bright, but, unfortunately, in 1991 the USSR disappeared, and with it, state symbols sank into summer. Let today's youth remember their history and remember the symbolism of the great collapsed country.

I found an interesting article about the symbolism of the Gers of the USSR. There is a lot of text; if you remove the slightly cynical manner of presentation, then there are many interesting thoughts
.

But not an eagle, not a lion, not a lioness
They decorated our coat of arms,
And the golden wreath of wheat,
A mighty hammer, a sharp sickle.

S. Mikhalkov

...And above them is a coat of arms spotted with flies -
A terrible coat of arms made of cast lead -
On it is a sickle covered in the blood of a peasant.
And the hammer is in the blood of the blacksmith.

I. Kormiltsev

Part I

You can believe even without faith,
You can also do nothing...

"Nautilus-Pompilius"

Oh, let's get nostalgic first! So, we remember our barefoot childhood, a lesson in patriotic education on the eve of the next anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution, the inspired and sublime voice of Mary Ivanna or whatever her name was - your first teacher - with mystical awe, accentuated pauses and semi-erotic aspirations, broadcasts: - Vladimir Dmitrievich Bonch-Bruevich, story “Soviet coat of arms”:

Everything was created anew in our country. And a new state emblem was also needed, which had never existed before in the history of nations - the emblem of the world's first state of workers and peasants.
At the beginning of 1918, they brought me a drawing of the coat of arms, and I immediately took it to Vladimir Ilyich.
Vladimir Ilyich at that time was in his office and talking with Yakov Mikhailovich Sverdlov, Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky and a whole group of comrades. I placed the drawing on the table in front of Lenin.
- What is this - a coat of arms?.. Interesting to see! - And he, leaning over the table, began to look at the drawing.
Everyone surrounded Vladimir Ilyich and together with him looked at the draft coat of arms.
The rays of the rising sun shone against a red background, framed by sheaves of wheat; a sickle and a hammer crossed inside, and a sword was pointed upward from the belt of sheaves towards the sun's rays.
- Interesting! - said Vladimir Ilyich, - There is an idea, but why a sword? - And he looked at all of us.
“We are fighting, we are fighting and will continue to fight until we consolidate the dictatorship of the proletariat and until we expel both the White Guards and the interventionists from our country. But violence cannot rule among us. The policy of conquest is alien to us. We do not attack, but fight off enemies, our war is defensive, and the sword is not our emblem. We must hold it firmly in our hands in order to defend our proletarian state as long as we have enemies, as long as we are attacked, as long as we are threatened, but this does not mean that this will always be the case. When the brotherhood of peoples throughout the world is proclaimed, we will not need the sword. We must remove the sword from the coat of arms of our socialist state... - And Vladimir Ilyich crossed out the sword in the drawing with a finely sharpened pencil. - But the rest of the coat of arms is good. Let's approve the project, and then look and discuss it again in the Council of People's Commissars. We need to do this quickly...
And he put his signature on the drawing.
The artist, who listened carefully to everything Lenin said, promised to soon bring a new sketch of the coat of arms.
Some time later, when the artist came another time, the sculptor Andreev was sitting in Vladimir Ilyich’s office. Lenin worked, received visitors, and the sculptor sat quietly on the sofa and made sketches in an album. He was preparing to sculpt a portrait of Ilyich.
We started looking at the new drawing. The sword was no longer in the picture, and the coat of arms was crowned with a star.
Andreev watched along with everyone.
- Well, what do you think? - Vladimir Ilyich turned to him, - Very good, just one more thing...
Taking a pencil, Andreev, with the artist’s permission, immediately redrew the coat of arms on the table. He thickened the sheaves, intensified the sparkling rays of the sun, and somehow made everything more expressive. The star took on a strict five-pointed shape, and the slogan “Workers of all countries, unite!” began to be read more clearly.
This design of the coat of arms of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, executed according to the comments of Vladimir Ilyich, was approved in 1918.
It was clear to all working people who defended their native Soviet power from enemies.
The five-pointed star that shines at the top of the coat of arms has become the emblem of our army - the Red Army star.
Now our state has become the mighty Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The coat of arms of the Soviet Union also has a hammer and sickle and golden sheaves in the rays of the rising sun.
And each republic has its own coat of arms. The sun on the emblems of the republics rises from behind the snowy mountain peaks and from the boundless sea. Each coat of arms bears the slogan “Workers of all countries, unite!” and the emblem of the world's first workers' state is the hammer and sickle.

Of course, it was not allowed to question the words of Lenin’s apostle - this was equated with anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda and was punishable by the corresponding article of the most humane legislation in the world. And any person burdened with intellect had a great many questions about what he had read.

For example, why in Bonch-Bruevich’s opus the direct author of the coat of arms, engraver of the Petrograd printing house Alexander Nikolaevich Leo, is not named either by name or surname, but appears as an anonymous “artist”? How could the sculptor Nikolai Andreevich Andreev, who began working with Lenin in 1919, make changes to the coat of arms approved as an official symbol on June 10, 1918? Did Bonch-Bruevich really not know that the Soviet coat of arms, which he glorified, initially did not have a red star because this symbol was adopted as the emblem of the Red Army only on July 18, 1918, that is, a month after the approval of the coat of arms? Well, and finally, Bonch-Bruevich enthusiastically praises the coat of arms of the USSR, which, as a state entity, will appear on December 30, 1922, while in 1918 we could only talk about the coat of arms of the RSFSR!

Eh, it’s a pity that I’m not a professional historian - I would certainly dig up the answers to these questions. But, alas, I don’t understand history at all...

But I am initiated into some other knowledge, for which there is no place provided for in the harmonious architectonics of modern academic ideas. For example, in sacred symbolism. And, to be honest, I started the conversation not for the sake of Bonch-Bruevich, but for the sake of, in fact, the coat of arms. And I set myself the goal of analyzing the coat of arms of the Soviet Union from a mystical point of view, revealing its sacred meaning ( Well, really, I won’t be able to tell you fairy tales until the end of my days!).

Let me, author,” the annoying reader, who has experienced all the methods of brainwashing invented by the Soviet education system, will hasten to confront me, “any “sacredness” by definition implies some kind of occult roots, and the Bolshevik-Leninists positioned themselves as militant atheists. Could rabid atheists turn their gaze to some non-materialistic spheres?

I will begin to answer, with your permission, from afar: the entire history of communism in Russia is a history of lies! The communists were striving for power under the slogans of getting out of the imperialist war and immediate peace - and, having seized control, they immediately unleashed a civil war, which was much more bloody and fierce. The communists advocated for the abolition of the death penalty - and created a repressive system the likes of which the world has never seen. The communists promised the peasants land - and drove them into collective farms, completely depriving them of their property. The communists declared freedom of religion - and plunged the country into the abyss of godlessness...

Yes, indeed, the people who came to power in Russia as a result of the October revolution called themselves atheists and in fact were such. Only, here, the term “ atheism"has two interpretations:
1. lack of religious beliefs;
2. belief in the absence of God.

Did you feel the difference? In the first case, the person simply doesn't believe in anything. In the second - professes a religion whose main postulate is the denial of the existence of the Divine principle. At the same time, while denying God specifically, the atheistic belief system does not at all prohibit believing in something else - in Darwin's theory, for example. Or find a “substitute” for God, clumsily trying to replace the concept of “God” with the concept of “Supermind”. Or you can, referring to the imperfection of our world, draw from this the conclusion that in fact it - the world - is ruled not by God, but by the devil - such a “worldview” is called Satanism, but its background is still the same - atheistic, rejecting God or a humiliating role. You can, maddened by pride, put yourself - man - in the place of God - then you will get anthroposophy. It can be assumed that the role of God was played by some highly advanced creatures from other worlds - the entire theory of paleocontact, born by Erich von Däniken, is based on this idea. Well, and finally, the latest atheistic model was created by the Wachowski brothers in the well-known movie “The Matrix”, where Divine functions are performed only by a computer simulator.

The atheists of the “second group”, who deny God but do not disdain mysticism, were all Bolshevik-Leninists. The RSDLP consisted of 99% Masons. In order not to go too far for examples, let’s take the Bolshevik People’s Commissar Semyon Pafnutievich Sereda, who once lived in Ryazan - he successfully combined the leadership of the Ryazan underground workers with the post of hierarch of the Masonic lodge.

Although, of course, there were individuals among the Bolsheviks who had not tainted themselves by connections with Freemasonry. For example, Solomon Moiseevich Uritsky, who gave his name to one of the Ryazan streets. He was a Hasid and his religious beliefs did not allow him to join not only the Masonic lodge, but even the Leninist party. Until his inglorious end at the hands of, by the way, his fellow tribesman Kannegiesser, he was only a communist “in his soul.”

And Yakov Mikhailovich Sverdlov (Yankel Movshevich Gauchmann), although he was an ardent communist, did not renounce the faith of his fathers either, and in all questionnaires in the religion column he wrote: Jew. True, he was a relative Jew - of all Judaism, he recognized only Kabbalah and could, for example, to spite his fellow believers, present the idea of ​​​​working on Saturdays, violating the Sabbath - this is how “communist subbotniks” appeared. That is, even from Kabbalah he chose its most “black” direction.

Vladimir Dmitrievich Bonch-Bruevich was also a Doukhobor sectarian, with a quote from whom we began our story. Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky was fond of spiritualism from his youth and tried himself as a hypnotist.

And Lev Davidovich Trotsky (Leiba Davidovich Bronstein) was not only a full-blown Jewish Mason, a member of the Jewish lodge “Bnait Brit”, but also a member of the satanic sect of the Illuminati. Both of these organizations will make an invaluable contribution to the cause of the “Russian revolution”: the head of Bnight Brith, the American banker, pathological Zionist and equally pathological Russophobe Jacob Schiff, will become Trotsky’s main sponsor, and Lev Davidovich will borrow the symbol from the Illuminati - pentagram- and the main holiday is the magical May Day, the day following Walpurgis Night, May 1...

Despite obvious mental disorders and drug addiction, the Austrian Jew Sigismund Freud was a member of Bnait Brith. His unsubstantiated speculations, thanks to the support of his fellow Masons, will be “promoted” as the greatest theory explaining human psychology, and exalted individuals are still trying to “treat” their complexes using the method of psychoanalysis according to Sigmund Freud. And the Illuminati, unlike other similar secret societies that did not allow women and representatives of the fair sex into their circle, on the contrary, were widely involved in their activities. One of these “attracted” was Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya.

I consider it inappropriate to clutter up my story with a list of names of the remaining “faithful Leninists” and evidence of their involvement in one or another destructive cult - I will briefly mention only the main thing, about Lenin. The grandson of a baptized Jew (see Wikipedia), of course, could not become an Orthodox person to the core. He defined his system of beliefs for himself and for those around him as atheism, but there was something unhealthy in this Leninist individual atheism. In his letters, he boasted that, when working with books, wherever he came across the word “God” in the text, in the margin opposite he wrote “bastard” with an exclamation mark. Do you think a person who is sincerely convinced that there is no God would engage in such things? It turns out that for Ilyich this word was not an empty phrase, since it caused him a suffocating spasm of irritation. And, trying to insult God, Lenin had to be sure that He would hear him! Ilyich really didn’t believe in Baba Yaga, so he didn’t fight her... In a word, it’s some kind of pathological atheism according to the recipe of “the most humane person.”

I can’t resist giving a small but revealing illustration of Lenin’s atheism. On May 1, 1919, signed by Ilyich, the Soviet government issued a decree “On the fight against priests and religion”:

May 1, 1919
№ 13666/2.

Chairman of the Cheka Comrade. Dzerzhinsky F.E.

NOTE

In accordance with the decision of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and the Council. Nar. The commissars need to put an end to priests and religion as quickly as possible. Popovs should be arrested as counter-revolutionaries and saboteurs, and shot mercilessly and everywhere. And as much as possible. Churches are subject to closure. The premises of the temples should be sealed and turned into warehouses. Chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee Kalinin, Chairman of the Council. Nar. Komissarov Ulyanov (Lenin).

The resolution is registered under number 13666-2! Coincidence? Or a well-thought-out mystical action: dating the day of the main holiday of Satanists with numerological reinforcement in the form of a registration number combined from the “devil's dozen” and the “number of the beast”? In addition, from the cited instructions, only a complete fool would not understand what specific “religion” it is directed at - after all, neither mullahs nor rabbis are called “priests”!

In the first 10 years of its existence, Soviet power and the occult lived in perfect harmony. The mutual benefit of such a tandem was obvious: occult schools were given the opportunity to develop in hothouse conditions, and the godless authorities had an ally in the fight against Orthodoxy. This is also the specificity of Bolshevik “atheism”: it did not affect Judaism in any way (during the years of anti-church psychosis in Moscow, for example, two new synagogues were opened), it was kind to Islam (it was written off as a “relic” that should not be eradicated, but “eliminated” gradually) and only the Russian Orthodox Church was subject to complete and immediate destruction.

Despite the catastrophic situation in the country, devastation and famine, the Soviet government miraculously always had funds for “state support” for occult projects of varying degrees of dubiousness. At this time, for example, Barchenko’s expeditions were organized to the Kola Peninsula in order to search for traces of the Hyperborean civilization there, and Blyumkin’s expeditions to Tibet to look for Shambhala.

Moreover, it is already clear from the personalities of their leaders which structures took direct part in both events. Alexander Barchenko was Dzerzhinsky’s personal creation, and Yakov Blumkin is the same Cheka employee who shot the German ambassador Mirbach in 1918, but did not suffer any punishment for this, and calmly continued his service in the authorities. Yesenin, who at that moment was in another “complex”, joined him in the expedition, but only reached Transcaucasia, where he “left behind” the expedition, preferring an affair with the Batumi Armenian Shagane Talyan to the traveler’s laurels:

My old wound has subsided -
Drunken delirium does not gnaw at my heart,
Blue flowers of Tehran
I am treating them today in a teahouse...

(S. Yesenin “Persian motives”).

Both expeditions were supervised by Gleb Bokiy, Sverdlov’s favorite and a “black” occultist, who “became famous” back in the Civil War for obliging his subordinates... to drink the blood of their victims. Evidence of this was brought to us not by some white emigrant, who could be suspected of dirty slander against people with “hot hearts and cold heads,” but by Bokiy’s former employee, security officer G. Agabekov, in his book “Secret Terror.”

After the Civil War, Bokiy’s “talents” found a worthy use - he headed the secret department of the OGPU, which dealt with issues of the occult and magic. As you can see, in Soviet Russia such structures existed not only on the pages of the Strugatsky brothers’ novel “Monday Begins on Saturday,” but also in reality!

Once again I have to apologize to the readers for wasting their time with digressions, but the facts are simply crying out: Bokiy was also the head of the Solovetsky special purpose camp. It was he who organized a death camp in a former monastery - the northern stronghold of Orthodoxy. And again, as with resolution No. 13666, let's think about whether this was an accident? Or did some forces really need to stain the holy place with blood? Then, who should be entrusted with the execution of such a delicate task if not a “black magician” - a lover of drinking human blood! By the way, NIICHaVo (Research Institute of Witchcraft and Wizardry) was located, according to the Strugatskys, in the northern town of Solovets and had a department of Defense Magic in its structure - now the allegory is clear.

The practice of occultism in the 1920s was actively supplemented by theory. Again, despite economic difficulties, dubious “research institutes” begin to appear like mushrooms. Most of them will soon cease to exist, but some will survive even to this day. For example, the Brain Institute.

This is now the Brain Institute - a serious scientific institution, a stronghold of academic medicine, and at the dawn of its existence... Have you ever wondered why it is called the Brain Institute ( in the singular and with a capital letter), and not the Brain Institute? Yes, because it was originally intended to study one single brain - of course, Lenin's. And he had a very specific goal - "obtaining the substance of Lenin's genius". The wording is in the spirit of medieval alchemy!

And since no money was spared in the country of the Soviets on any topic even casually related to “Leninianism,” things went well. In their free time from unraveling Lenin’s convolutions, they began to study mental phenomena such as mass hysteria. The OGPU raised a topic - the use of hypnosis to obtain testimony. It has grown into a larger direction - consciousness control. And from there, there is already one step left to psychotronic developments... Information about them leaks sporadically to the media, and publications appear not only in tabloid newspapers, consisting half of a TV program and the other half of advertising modules, but also in official print media, such as Rossiyskaya Gazeta, which are in “yellowness” “You can’t blame me in any way - I’ll give you an illustration http://www.rg.ru/2006/12/22/gosbezopasnostj-podsoznanie.html.

Well, the apotheosis of Bolshevik occultism was the burial of Lenin - although it cannot be called a burial. A typical rite of necromancy, not used in the civilized world since the times of the Egyptian pharaohs, was performed over Lenin's corpse. His goal is to preserve the corpse, which, according to the concepts of black magic, helps to retain his spirit in this world. A certain system of greeting spells, such as “Lenin lived, Lenin is alive, Lenin will live!”, the spirit can be energetically “fed”, and other spell systems, less known to the general public, can be used for their own purposes.

I, as a biochemist by training, drew attention to such an interesting fact, purely from my professional point of view: according to the official version, the embalming composition for Lenin’s corpse was miraculously invented in three days by Boris (Berl) Zbarsky. However, when North Korean scientists tried to autonomously repeat the same thing in 1994 by embalming Kim Il Sung, it took them more than a year and a half to work, despite the fact that the technologies of 1994 were strikingly different from the technologies of 1924 that Zbarsky had at his disposal. Willy-nilly, the thought creeps in, did someone tell Zbarsky the formula?

As, for example, they suggested to the architect A.V. Shchusev's idea of ​​a tomb for Lenin's effigy. The future academician of architecture was advised by a certain F. Poulsen. In his memoirs, Shchusev writes that as prototypes for the mausoleum he took the altar of the Temple of Pergamon, the tomb of Cyrus the Great and the step pyramid of Djoser (A. Abramov “At the Kremlin Wall”), however, arbitrarily or involuntarily, Shchusev achieved maximum similarity not with these objects, but with Mesopotamian ziggurats ( we'll talk about them a little later). This is not surprising, since Poulsen, who advised Shchusev, was precisely an expert in the architecture of ancient Mesopotamia.

Lenin's Mausoleum is a typical religious building in the form of a miniature seven-step pyramid.

In a word, before Lenin had time to cool down, the forces unknown to us that led the actions of the funeral commission already found funds, specialists and “consultants” from more than exotic areas. And, not giving a damn about the desire of the deceased to be buried next to his mother, not giving a damn about his wife’s protests, the Bolshevik necromancers placed a mummy with great mystical meaning on Red Square - in the sacred heart of Russia:

All the kings of the nations, all lie with honor, each in his own tomb; and you are cast down outside your tomb, like a despised branch, like the clothing of those killed, struck down by the sword, who are lowered into stone ditches; you, like a trampled corpse, will not be united with them in the grave; for you have destroyed your land, you have killed your people: the tribe of evildoers will never be remembered(Book of the prophet Isaiah, chapter 14, verses 18-20).

…I’ve already written a whole chapter, but I’m not even close to the main topic. But I need such an extensive preface in order to prove that the Soviet coat of arms is not a simple design, but a mystical sign, the sacred meaning of which is not a random combination, but the result of the painstaking and systematic work of the Red warlocks.

In Orthodox circles there is a rather evil mythology about the satanic nature of Soviet symbols. The devil's machinations are sought, for example, in the cruciform combination of a sickle and a hammer. Apparently the sickle, which the Russians had used since ancient times, was slipped to them by the Freemasons - no less... And in the Gospel of Mark Christ directly named carpenter: "Not a carpenter Is he, the son of Mary, the brother of James, Josiah, Judas and Simon?", which means: the Savior worked with a hammer, not even suspecting the sinister essence of this object...

Special conversation - five-pointed star, pentagram.

Here is a very typical case. Message from 07/06/2010:
“The reburial of the remains of 437 Soviet soldiers in the Ostrogozhsky district of the Voronezh region, timed to coincide with the 69th anniversary of the attack of Nazi Germany on the USSR, was overshadowed by the refusal of the local priest

participate in the commemoration of the dead.
As Oksana Sokolova, head of the press service of the government of the Voronezh region, reported on the television program “Week in the City” of the State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company “Voronezh”, the local priest refused to participate in the commemoration of the fallen Soviet soldiers. He referred to the “wrong”, from his point of view, obelisk with a red star , installed over the new mass grave.
After the broadcast of the TV show, a short order was posted on the main page of the website of the Voronezh diocese in red letters and bold font: “To Priest Sergius Storozhev, rector of the Kazan Church of the village. Rotten Ostrogozhsky district of the Voronezh region, declare censure for the greatest mistake and, as penance, read the canon of repentance to our Lord Jesus Christ every day for a year.” (http://www.rus-obr.ru/node/7154)

Where did this nonsense come from that the five-pointed star is a symbol of evil?

Here's the explanation on the site "Orthodoxy.Ru" priest Afanasy Gumerov , resident of the Sretensky Monastery:

Question: Why is the pentagram (five-pointed star) considered a satanic symbol? Answer: Because some occult societies, both in ancient and modern times, chose the pentagram as a magical sign. At the same time, we must remember that the form of this symbol is taken from nature and outside of certain false teachings and actions is not significant" (http://www.pravoslavie.ru/answers/6497.htm)

That is, the five-pointed star itself does not carry any sinister meaning. As for the symbols that are used by occult societies, for example, Freemasons, they include both a cross and a double-headed eagle: “ Three other widespread symbols of the Freemasons are a solar disk with wings or a winged sun, a double-headed eagle in a crown with a sword in its paws, and the caduceus, which are interpreted as a symbol of a hermetically sealed secret, a symbol of war, the fearlessness of the Freemasons, the royalty of their art and the worldwide spiritual union of the highest Masons degrees, and a symbol of knowledge and the polar equivalence of good and evil, as well as a symbol of the unity of the masculine and feminine (the double-headed eagle as the emblem of the Masonic lodges of the Scottish ritual).”

« When initiated into the officially highest degree in Freemasonry - 33, they are given an order (seal) in the form of a two-headed eagle.”

« Various crosses are also very common signs in Masonic symbolism.- tau-cross, equilateral, Greek or Roman cross, trefoil or Kabbalistic cross, six-pointed cross, gammed cross or swastika (in its various variants) and ankh, as well as their combinations with other Masonic symbols.”

This does not scare the priests away from monarchical symbols; none of them said that the double-headed eagle or, especially, the cross are satanic symbols because Masons use them...

But more than that, the supposedly satanic pentagram was used in Christianity, and meant five godparents wounds Jesus Christ And five joys of the Mother of God (by the way, in Islam a five-pointed star symbolizes the union of the five main pillars of religion). But certain forces tried to erase these facts from the mass consciousness.

Here is a very typical story from the blog http://bizantinum.livejournal.com/33757.html under the heading “Five-pointed stars and iconography.”

At the beginning of the material there is an appeal from believers:

OPEN LETTER TO THE HOLY SYNOD of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church from Orthodox believers

We ask for your personal attention to the fact of a blasphemous attitude towards the greatest shrine - the Image of the Mother of God of Tenderness, which on November 22 - December 5, 2010 was brought by the grace of God to Kyiv for veneration in connection with the anniversary of His Beatitude Metropolitan Vladimir.

We are grateful to the Lord God and His Most Pure Mother, grateful to His Beatitude Metropolitan Vladimir for this opportunity to worship the great shrine, with which so many aspirations of the Orthodox people are connected. We always sincerely pray for the longevity and good health of our Primate.

However, we cannot remain silent about the obvious and brazen blasphemy that was committed throughout Kyiv in connection with the arrival of the shrine. From billboards around the city and in the metro, as well as from the service published by the Publishing Department of the UOC with an akathist to the Most Holy Theotokos (the project coordinator is the vicar of the Kyiv Metropolis, Bishop Alexander), the image of the Mother of God that was brought for veneration was looking at people.

The chasuble with pentagrams on the shoulders instead of stars, which is unusual for the well-known Image, cannot in any way be called an oversight of the designer or editor.

This is clear and malicious blasphemy. The natural reaction to such blasphemy is the offended feeling of believers, etc.

Humble novices of Your Eminences,

Orthodox believers of Ukraine

The commentary to this appeal states:

“The star, with a different number of rays and in their different combinations, has been known to Christian iconography since ancient times and existed for a long time among the Freemasons, even until 1917.

Here, for example, is the icon of the Transfiguration of the Lord, brushed by the Rev. Andrei Rublev, where the rays behind the Savior are depicted not just in the form of a five-pointed star - but in the form of an inverted pentagram.

It is quite obvious that the Monk Andrew did not suspect that 500 years later, the inverted pentagram (also black!) would become a symbol of European Satanism.

Moreover. The five-pointed star is also considered one of the symbols of the Nativity of Christ, so the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem, on the site of this event itself, is crowned with a cross, above which stands the five-pointed star of Bethlehem. Finally, I’ll add a well-known truth: SYMBOLICS DO NOT EXIST OUTSIDE OF CONTEXT.”

People have always paid attention to signs and symbols. The five-pointed red star, one ray of which is directed upward, thanks to the communists, became one of the main symbols of the USSR. And in a fairly short period it became one of the main symbols of totalitarian statehood. Let's find out how the red star became one of the main symbols of the USSR.

How did the story of the red Soviet star begin? After the Great October Revolution, not only the political system changed, but also many signs and attributes disappeared into oblivion. This is how a new system of symbolism began to take shape. Initially, the appearance of the star as a symbol is associated with Masonic societies. Since the influence of Freemasonry on revolutionary activities in different parts of the world (including the USSR) was truly significant. However, there is no real evidence for this fact.

On the territory of the USSR, the scarlet star appeared as the emblem of the Soviet Army. Unfortunately, today it is not possible to name the exact name of the author of the emblem. Thus, some historians suggest that it was first proposed for the army by N.A. Polyansky (commissar of the military Moscow district). Other historians associate the name of K.S. with the red star. Eremeevna (commander of the troops of the Petrograd district).

The official history of the emblem begins on April 18, 1918. It was then that a red five-pointed star with a gold border, which depicts a golden hammer and a plow, was appointed by order of the People's Commissariat for Military Affairs as a badge for all personnel of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army (RKKA). It became a distinctive sign that allowed people to be divided into “friends” and “strangers”. In this regard, an act was issued that prohibited people who were not serving in the Red Army from wearing the emblem. Violation of this rule was punishable by a tribunal.

The meaning of the red star. The Scarlet Star is a heraldic sign that is closely associated with both the Soviet army and directly with the USSR. This sign was depicted on the flag and coat of arms of the Soviet Union.

What is the significance of this key symbol of the USSR? It was believed that the star was a symbol that was supposed to unite the world proletariat. For example, the 5 ends of the star were associated with 5 continents on which communism spread. In addition, it is a symbol of safety and security. And the color red was associated with the proletarian revolution, it was the color of brotherhood and blood shed in the struggle for the rights of the proletariat.

Also, some scientists associate the scarlet star with the god of war Mars (an ancient Roman god), who was considered the protector and patron of workers. It is possible that some Soviet influential people were guided by this theory.

The depiction of such a symbol on the flags and coats of arms of socialist countries denoted the unity of ideologies and solidarity on the path of development. Many Soviet newspapers described that the red star characterizes the struggle of the peasantry, which was trying to free itself from poverty, hunger, war, and slavery.

Hammer and plow as a complement to the symbol. On the badge of the Soviet army, as described above, there were also images of a plow and a hammer. They also symbolize the union of workers and peasants. Later, the image was slightly modified: instead of a plow, a sickle was placed on the sign for clarity. But this did not change the meaning of the “ ” emblem.

It is also noteworthy that the star was originally depicted with two ends up. However, Soviet people associated this arrangement with the “satanic” pentagram. And this is in a country where they had a negative attitude. So, the star began to be depicted with one end up and two ends down. And the position of the star never changed again. On this occasion, a leaflet was even published in the USSR in large quantities with the title: “Look, comrade, here is the Red Star.”

Star and the Great Patriotic War. During the Second World War, this Soviet emblem began to acquire new qualities. In 1943, stars returned to the army along with pre-revolutionary shoulder straps, which helped distinguish the ranks of officers. In addition, at the same time, the red star was taken as the basis in many orders and medals (for example, the Gold Star medal, Order of Glory, Order of the Red Star).

One way or another, the star is considered an ancient symbol that has been and is used in various traditions. This probably ensured the iconic role of this sign in Soviet society.

Committed by the Bolsheviks in October 1917. The revolution also meant the elimination of old symbols. The Bolsheviks sought to put an end to the old symbols as quickly as possible and establish their own symbols. In particular, the red banner became such a symbol. According to experts on Soviet symbolism, red, the color of fire and blood, has long symbolized the struggle of the oppressed with the oppressors - slaves with slave owners, serfs with feudal lords, proletarians with the bourgeoisie. In the 19th century, under the red banners, the Western European proletariat fought for their rights and a decent life. The red flag became the main symbol of the Parisian communards in 1871, who dreamed of a fair and free society.

As a sign of the revolutionary movement, the red flag in Russia first waved in 1876 in St. Petersburg during a rally held by the populist organization “Land and Freedom”. Since then, the red banner has accompanied all the revolutionary actions of the working people - May marches and strikes, rallies and uprisings. It fluttered on the barricades and on the flagpoles of revolutionary ships. In 1905, it was raised by the crew of the mutinous battleship Potemkin.

It is not surprising that Russia greeted February 1917 with red banners. Columns of demonstrators walked with them. They were hung on buildings. They were sent to the front to fighting units during the First World War.

The red color of the revolution did not change even after the October events of 1917.

In April 1918, a decree on the flag of the RSFSR was approved: The flag of the Russian Republic is a red banner with the inscription “Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic”.

In October 1918, the red Soviet flag was raised over the Moscow Kremlin. True, the Kremlin towers at that time were still crowned with double-headed eagles.

In November 1918, emblems of the old, tsarist regime were burned in Moscow squares. The tricolor panels of the former state flags also flew into the fire.

Since then, the white-blue-red Russian flag has become disgraced.

Since August 1918, units of the Red Army were given Honorary Revolutionary Red Banners as a reward for military merits.

Later, “challenging” red banners and pennants for institutions and enterprises appeared.

After the formation of the USSR in 1922, the state flag of the USSR, according to the Constitution of 1924, was a red or scarlet cloth with an image on its upper corner near the shaft of a golden sickle and hammer and above them a red five-pointed star framed by a gold border. The USSR flag remained this way until 1991.

The flags of the union republics were of the same type. Their red banners, in addition to the hammer, sickle and five-pointed star, bore the names of the republics. These flags changed only at the turn of the 1940s-1950s, when white, blue, light blue and green stripes were introduced into the flags of the republics. The last of the flags of the union republics was the RSFSR flag.

This happened on January 9, 1954. To the red cloth was added a narrow blue stripe along the shaft. It symbolized the natural resources and water expanses of Russia.

Our grandparents, our mothers and fathers remember well the red flags of the USSR and their school pioneer red ties, which were part of the red banner. The red flag became the banner of the Victory of the peoples of the Soviet Union over fascism. We carefully treat the unique history of our country and have great respect for the red banner of the Soviet period. We think that one third of the modern Russian banner is also a tribute to the Soviet banner.

GSt. George ribbon

for a medal

"For Victory over Germany" Victory Banner

The red color of the Soviet flag “passed” after the Second World War to the state flags of other socialist countries. The flags of China, Vietnam, Mongolia and North Korea turned red.

On July 10, 1918, the Constitution of the RSFSR was adopted. The coat of arms of the Soviet Republic consisted of images on a red background in the rays of the sun of a golden sickle and hammer, placed crosswise with the handles down and surrounded by a crown of ears of corn, with the inscription: “Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic” and “Workers of all countries, unite!” The People's Commissariat of Education of the RSFSR took an active part in the work on improving the state emblem of Soviet Russia. In May 1918, a competition was organized to design Soviet emblems, which ended in the fall of that year. Famous artists, heraldry specialists S.I. Chekhonin, K.I. Dunin-Borkovsky, P.V. Miturich, M.V. Dobuzhinsky, and sculptor N.A. Andreev took part in the competition. One of the applicants’ works depicted a double-headed eagle with a hammer and sickle in its claws, whose heads were crowned with five-pointed stars.

The final version of the coat of arms was adopted in 1920; it was distinguished by its simplicity and clear artistic and graphic form. In terms of content, it was permeated with ideas of class struggle and the dream of a communist future. On December 30, 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was formed. The task of creating a coat of arms for the new state was solved by artists V.N. Adrianov, V.P. Korzun and I.I. Dubasov. The description of the coat of arms was included in the text of the USSR Constitution, adopted in 1924. The coat of arms of the USSR consisted of a hammer and sickle on a globe, depicted in the rays of the rising sun and framed by ears of corn intertwined with a red ribbon. On the ribbon is the motto “Workers of all countries, unite!” in Russian and in the languages ​​of all republics that were part of the USSR. At the top is a red five-pointed star, which in 1918 became the symbol of the Red Army.

The final version of the coat of arms of the USSR Decorative plate.

USSR coat of arms.

Coats of arms of the Union republics.

Ceramics.

The last change in the coat of arms of the USSR occurred in 1956, when the final number of republics that were part of the USSR was established, there were 15. Now fifteen inscriptions adorned the coat of arms.

In February 1917, the “Russian Prayer” became a thing of the past. Completely different songs and marches began to sound in the streets. The main place among them was occupied by “Marseillaise” to the text of P.L. Lavrov, which he himself called “New Song” in 1875. It was clear to the indignant, rebellious masses:

“Let's renounce the old world!

Let's shake his ashes off our feet

Golden idols are hostile to us;

We hate the royal palace!

We will join the ranks of our suffering brothers,

We will go to the hungry people;

With it we will send curses to the villains,

We will call him to fight:

Rise up, rise up, working people!

Stand up to your enemies, hungry brother!

Ring out the cry of people's vengeance!

The music for these words was arranged by the famous composer A.K. Glazunov. It became the unofficial anthem of Russia. All attempts to compose new hymns were unsuccessful. During the opening of the Third All-Russian Congress of Soviets in 1918, the “Internationale”, created in France and performed in the city of Lille in 1888, was played in the Tauride Palace. The author of the Russian translation was the poet A.Ya. Kots. "The International" first became the anthem of the Russian Social Democratic Party, and from 1918 - the anthem of the RSFSR, then the USSR and remained the anthem of the Soviet Union until 1944. On New Year's Eve 1944, the new USSR anthem was heard on the radio. The authors of the anthem were: composer A.V. Alexandrov, poet S.V. Mikhalkov, journalist G.A. El-Registan. The anthem was introduced everywhere on March 15, 1944.

The indestructible union of free republics

Great Rus' united forever.

Long live the one created by the will of the peoples,

United, mighty Soviet Union.

Since the text of the anthem contained the names of the leaders from the times of the cult, then from the second half of the 1950s. The USSR anthem began to be performed without text. A new edition of the text and music appeared only in May 1977.

In the victory of the immortal ideas of communism

We see the future of our country,

And to the red banner of our Fatherland

We will always be selflessly faithful!

We made the section of Soviet state symbols a separate page because the transition to the Socialist Republic was truly revolutionary, and this was reflected in the entire diverse and original seventy-year history and culture of the people.

Author of the Russian anthem Kuzma Sergeevich Petrov-Vodkin.

1944 Petrograd Madonna. 1920

poet S. Mikhalkov