The administrative center of Chuvashia. Big cities

Chuvashia is a republic within the Russian Federation, located 700 kilometers from Moscow. The population of Chuvashia is over 1.2 million people. The article will focus on who inhabits the republic, as well as on demographic problems and cities of the region.

general information

Chuvashia is one of them. It is located in the center of the European part of the country. The Volga River flows in the north of the republic. The distance from the "capital" of the region to the capital of Russia is 630 km.

The republic occupies a small (by Russian standards) area: about 18,000 square kilometers. The population of Chuvashia is 1.23 million people. The Republic is quite well connected with other regions of Russia by road, rail, and water transport routes.

Most of Chuvashia is located between the Sura and Sviyaga rivers, within the forest and forest-steppe natural zones. The relief of the territory is flat, the climate is temperate continental. Of the minerals in the region, there are deposits of phosphorites.

Chuvashia is a land with a rich culture and traditions. It is often referred to as "the land of a hundred thousand songs". Researchers focus on the originality of the local musical culture, which is expressed not only in a special manner of singing, but also in a set of instruments.

Dynamics and population of the republic

Chuvashia is one of the most populated subjects of the Russian Federation. As of 2016, 1 million 237 thousand people live here. At the same time, the average population density of Chuvashia is one of the highest in Russia (almost 68 people/sq. km.).

Nevertheless, the demographic situation in the republic has been very difficult for twenty years now. Since 1994, the population of Chuvashia has been gradually dying out. During this period of time, the region lost almost 100 thousand of its inhabitants! True, by 2016 the rate of population extinction had stopped, primarily due to an increase in the birth rate.

Another serious region is the "aging" of the population. The fact is that young people are actively leaving the republic. Accordingly, the proportion of people of retirement age in the age structure of the population is increasing.

The level of urbanization in the region is relatively low - 61.3%. However, recently the urban population of the Republic of Chuvashia has been increasing every year.

Age, sex composition of the population and migration

As mentioned above, the share of pensioners in Chuvashia is increasing every year. Accordingly, the proportion of minors is decreasing. If in 1989 it was almost 27%, then in 2002 it was only 19.9%.

If we talk about the gender structure of the population, then women prevail in Chuvashia (53.7%). However, in recent years there has been a tendency to equalize the overall ratio of men and women.

The population of Chuvashia is declining not only due to natural demographic processes, but also due to active emigration. Over the past five years, there has been a negative migration trend in the region. On average, every year 2-5 thousand more people leave Chuvashia than enter the republic. The main centers of attraction for migrants from this region are Moscow, the Ulyanovsk region, Tatarstan and the Moscow region.

Ethnic composition of the population. Who are the Chuvash?

The national composition of the republic is dominated by the Chuvash (67.7%). Next come Russians (26.7%), Tatars (2.8%) and Mordovians (about 1%). Also on the territory of Chuvashia, diasporas of Ukrainians, Belarusians and Armenians are quite numerous.

Chuvashs are the indigenous population of the republic. This is a Turkic ethnic group, the origin of which scientists associate with the Volga Bulgars. The total number of Chuvash in the world is estimated at one and a half million people. Half of them live within the Republic of Chuvashia. The rest of the representatives of this ethnic group are dispersed throughout the territory of Russia, they also live in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine and some other countries.

The Chuvash speak their own language - Chuvash, which has three dialects. In 65% of schools in the region, children are taught in this language. Most of the Chuvash are Orthodox Christians. However, there are also adherents of traditional pagan beliefs among them.

According to ancient Chuvash myths, the Earth has the shape of a square. The firmament rests on four pillars (copper, stone, gold and silver). Each of the four corners of the Earth is reliably guarded by a defending hero.

The modern territorial structure of the republic. Population of Chuvashia by regions

The Republic of Chuvashia is today divided into 21 administrative regions. There are nine cities, eight urban-type settlements and 1720 villages here. The capital of the republic is the city of Cheboksary. According to the latter, every third inhabitant of Chuvashia lives in it.

The districts of the republic are different in size. The largest in terms of area is Alatyrsky, and the smallest is Krasnoarmeisky. The table below shows all the districts of Chuvashia, indicating the population for each of them:

District name	Number of inhabitants (thousand people)
Alatyrsky
Alikovsky
Batyrevsky
Vurnarsky
Ibresinsky
Kanashsky
Krasnoarmeisky
Krasnochetaysky
Kozlovsky
Komsomol
Marposadskiy
Morgaushsky
Poretsky
Urmar
Tsivilsky
Cheboksary
Shumerlinsky
Shemurshinsky
Yadrinsky
Yantikovskiy
Yalchiksky

Cities of Chuvashia

The list of cities in Chuvashia includes nine settlements. Two of them are among the large cities. But only 8.5 thousand people live in the smallest.

Cheboksary is considered the oldest city within the republic (the first mention in written documents for 1469). In the 16th century, three more cities arose - Alatyr, Yadrin and Tsivilsk.

All the cities of Chuvashia are listed below by population (from the largest to the smallest):

Cheboksary.
Novocheboksarsk.
Kanash.
Alatyr.
Shumerlya.
Tsivilsk.
Kozlovka.
Mariinsky Posad.
Yadrin.

The city of Cheboksary is the capital of the republic

Cheboksary is the largest city in Chuvashia. In addition to the status of the capital, it is also an important cultural, scientific and transport center of the region. In 2001, the city received the honorary title of "the most comfortable" in Russia.

Cheboksary is located on the Volga River. The transport gates of the city are the airport, the railway station and the river port.

The city arose in the middle of the 15th century. By the beginning of the 18th century, it turned into a major center of trade in the Volga region. Bread, furs, fish, honey and salt are actively traded here. Currently, more than a dozen large enterprises operate in Cheboksary. It produces industrial tractors, electronic devices and optical equipment, textiles, and confectionery. Two local factories produce a wide range of alcoholic products.

Cheboksary is also known as a recreational center of the region. So, on the left bank of the Volga there is a sanatorium "Chuvashia", which provides health services, as well as services for the treatment and diagnosis of various diseases.

Cheboksary is an important educational and cultural center of Chuvashia. There are five universities, as well as a number of branches of other cities. There are eight museums, five theaters and more than 30 public libraries in the city. Several major festivals are held in Cheboksary every year.

Among the architectural monuments of the city, it is worth noting several of the most beautiful ancient temple buildings and complexes. In particular, the Vvedensky Cathedral of 1651, the Holy Trinity Monastery, founded in the 17th century, the Assumption Church (1763). More than thirty monuments, sculptural compositions and monuments were erected in the city at different times. The most beautiful and famous of them are the Mother's monument (which is considered the main tourist symbol of Cheboksary), the magnificent equestrian monument to Chapaev, the bust of the poet Nizami Ganjavi and others.

Finally

1,236,628 - this is the exact population of Chuvashia (for 2016). The main ethnic group within the republic are the Chuvash - the indigenous inhabitants of the region. Here they are about 68%. The city of Cheboksary is the largest city of Chuvashia and its capital.

Today, this republic is characterized by a number of acute demographic problems: the extinction and aging of the population, as well as the outflow of young people to other, more promising regions of the country.

Volga Federal District. Chuvash Republic - Chuvashia. The area is 18.34 thousand square kilometers. Formed on June 24, 1920.
The administrative center of the federal district - city of Cheboksary.

Cities of the Republic of Chuvashia:

- a subject of the Russian Federation, part of the Volga Federal District, located in the east of the East European Plain, on the right bank of the Volga River. The main river is the Volga with tributaries Sura, Tsivil, Anish. Cheboksary reservoir. In the south - the tributaries of the Sura (Abyss, Kirya, Men) and Sviyaga (Bula, Kubnya). Floodplain and karst lakes.

Chuvash Republic - Chuvashia part of the Volga-Vyatka economic region. The leading place in the economy of Chuvashia is occupied by the industrial complex, which accounts for more than half of the turnover of organizations of all types of activity. The turnover structure of industrial organizations is dominated by manufacturing, production and distribution of electricity, gas and water. The structure of manufacturing industries is dominated by organizations engaged in the production of food products, electrical equipment, electronic and optical equipment, machinery and equipment, vehicles. The agrarian complex occupies a special place in the economy of Chuvashia. The main cultivated crops in the Republic are potatoes, vegetables, cereals, industrial crops (rapeseed, hemp, sugar beet) and fodder crops. Traditional culture - hops. In the livestock sector, the Chuvash Republic specializes in the production of milk, meat and eggs.

On June 24, 1920, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR adopted a resolution on the formation of the Chuvash Autonomous Region as part of the RSFSR.
On April 21, 1925, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee decided to transform the Chuvash Autonomous Region into the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
On October 19, 1990, the Chuvash ASSR was renamed into the Chuvash Soviet Socialist Republic.
On February 13, 1992, with the adoption of the Law "On changing the name of the Chuvash SSR", the Chuvash SSR became known as the Chuvash Republic.
In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of June 9, 2001 N 679, the name of the subject of the Russian Federation was changed to "Chuvash Republic - Chuvashia".

Cities and districts of the Chuvash Republic - Chuvashia.

Cities of the Republic of Chuvashia: Alatyr, Kanash, Kozlovka, Mariinsky Posad, Novocheboksarsk, Tsivilsk, Shumerlya, Yadrin.

Urban districts of the Chuvash Republic - Chuvashia:"City of Cheboksary"; "City of Alatyr"; "City of Kanash"; "City of Novocheboksarsk"; "Shumerlinsky".

Municipal areas - Administrative center: Alatyrsky district - Alatyr city; Alikovsky district - with. Alikovo; Batyrevsky district - with. Batyrevo; Vurnarsky district - town. Vurnary; Ibresinsky district - town. Ibresi; Kanashsky district - the city of Kanash; Kozlovsky district - the city of Kozlovka; Komsomolsky district - with. Komsomolskoye; Krasnoarmeisky district - with. Krasnoarmeiskoye; Krasnochetaysky district - with. Red Chetai; Marposadsky district - the city of Mariinsky Posad; Morgaushsky district - with. Morgaushi; Poretsky district - with. Poretskoe; Urmarsky district - the village of Urmary; Tsivilsky district - the city of Tsivilsk; Cheboksary region - the village of Kugesi; Shemurshinsky district - with. Shemursha; Shumerlinsky district - the city of Shumerlya; Yadrinsky district - the city of Yadrin; Yalchik district - with. Yalchiki; Yantikovsky district - with. Yantikovo

↗ 480 741 &&&&&&&&&&&&0233.&&&&&0 233

The largest city of the Chuvash Republic, its cultural, technological, scientific and financial center. Capital of the Chuvash Republic. Winner of the competition "The most comfortable city in Russia" in 2001. Novocheboksarsk
(Chuvash. Çĕnĕ Shupashkar) 56°07′00″ s. sh. 47°30′00″ E d. / 56.11667° N sh. 47.50000° E d./ 56.11667; 47.50000(G) (I)

↗ 125 489 &&&&&&&&&&&&&072.&&&&&0 72

The second largest city in Chuvashia. Chemical industry, Cheboksary HPP, machine-building center.

Small towns of Chuvashia

Name (in Chuvash)	Coordinates and coat of arms	Population	Area (km²)	Notes
Kanash	55°31′00″ s. sh. 47°30′00″ E d. / 55.51667° N sh. 47.50000° E d./ 55.51667; 47.50000(G) (I)	↘ 45 716	&&&&&&&&&&&&&018.&&&&&0 18	The third largest city in Chuvashia. Transport, engineering center. Major railway junction. The administrative center of the Kanashsky district. Took 2nd place in the competition The most comfortable city in Russia in 2006.
Alatyr (Chuvash. Ulatӑr)	54°51′00″ s. sh. 46°35′00″ E d. / 54.85000° N sh. 46.58333° E d./ 54.85000; 46.58333(G) (I)	↘ 35 591	&&&&&&&&&&&&&041.&&&&&0 41	The fourth largest city in Chuvashia. Transport, engineering center. The administrative center of the Alatyrsky district.
Shumerlya (Chuvash. Çĕmĕrle)	55°30′00″ s. sh. 46°25′00″ E d. / 55.50000° N sh. 46.41667° E d./ 55.50000; 46.41667(G) (I)	↘ 29 954	&&&&&&&&&&&&&013.&&&&&0 13	The fifth largest city in Chuvashia. The administrative center of the Shumerlinsky district.
Tsivilsk (Chuvash. Çĕrpӳ)	55°52′00″ s. sh. 47°29′00″ E d. / 55.86667° N sh. 47.48333° E d./ 55.86667; 47.48333(G) (I)	↗ 14 039	&&&&&&&&&&&&&013.&&&&&0 13	The sixth largest city in Chuvashia. The administrative center of the Tsivilsky district.
Kozlovka (Chuvash. Kuslavkka)	55°50′00″ s. sh. 48°15′00″ E d. / 55.83333° N sh. 48.25000° E d./ 55.83333; 48.25000(G) (I)	↘ 9195	&&&&&&&&&&&&&&00.&&&&&0	The seventh largest city in Chuvashia. Port on the Volga River. The administrative center of the Kozlovsky district.
Mariinsky Posad (Chuvash. Sĕntĕrvărri)	56°07′00″ s. sh. 47°43′00″ E d. / 56.11667° N sh. 47.71667° E d./ 56.11667; 47.71667(G) (I)	↘ 8754	&&&&&&&&&&&&&&00.&&&&&0	The eighth largest city in Chuvashia. Port on the Volga River. The administrative center of the Mariinsky-Posadsky district.
Yadrin (Chuvash. Etĕrne)	55°57′00″ s. sh. 46°12′00″ E d. / 55.95000° N sh. 46.20000° E d./ 55.95000; 46.20000(G) (I)	↘ 8585	&&&&&&&&&&&&&&00.&&&&&0	The ninth largest city in Chuvashia. The administrative center of the Yadrinsky district.

Write a review on the article "Cities of Chuvashia"

Notes

When Mikhail Ivanovich entered, he had tears in his eyes of recollection of the time when he wrote what he was reading now. He took the letter from Mikhail Ivanovich's hands, put it in his pocket, packed the papers and called Alpatych, who had been waiting for a long time.
On a piece of paper he had written down what was needed in Smolensk, and he, walking around the room past Alpatych, who was waiting at the door, began to give orders.
- First, postal paper, you hear, eight ten, here's the model; gold-edged ... a sample, so that it would certainly be according to it; varnish, sealing wax - according to a note from Mikhail Ivanych.
He walked around the room and looked at the memo.
- Then the governor personally give a letter about the record.
Later, latches were needed for the doors of the new building, certainly of such a style that the prince himself invented. Then a binding box had to be ordered for laying the will.
Giving orders to Alpatych lasted more than two hours. The prince did not let him go. He sat down, thought, and, closing his eyes, dozed off. Alpatych stirred.
- Well, go, go; If you need anything, I'll send it.
Alpatych left. The prince again went up to the bureau, looked into it, touched his papers with his hand, locked them again, and sat down at the table to write a letter to the governor.
It was already late when he got up, sealing the letter. He wanted to sleep, but he knew that he would not sleep and that the worst thoughts came to him in bed. He called Tikhon and went with him through the rooms to tell him where to make the bed for that night. He walked, trying on every corner.
Everywhere he felt bad, but the worst of all was the familiar sofa in the office. This sofa was terrible to him, probably because of the heavy thoughts that he changed his mind while lying on it. It was not good anywhere, but all the same, the corner in the sofa room behind the piano was best of all: he had never slept here before.
Tikhon brought a bed with the waiter and began to set.
- Not like that, not like that! the prince shouted, and he himself moved a quarter away from the corner, and then again closer.
“Well, I’ve finally redone everything, now I’ll rest,” the prince thought, and left Tikhon to undress himself.
Wincing annoyedly at the effort that had to be made to take off his caftan and trousers, the prince undressed, sank heavily onto the bed, and seemed to be lost in thought, looking contemptuously at his yellow, withered legs. He did not think, but he hesitated before the work ahead of him to raise these legs and move on the bed. “Oh, how hard! Oh, if only as soon as possible, these works would end quickly, and you would let me go! he thought. He made this effort for the twentieth time, pursing his lips, and lay down. But as soon as he lay down, all of a sudden the whole bed moved evenly back and forth under him, as if breathing heavily and pushing. It happened to him almost every night. He opened his eyes that had been closed.
"No rest, damned ones!" he grumbled with anger at someone. “Yes, yes, there was something else important, something very important, I saved myself for the night in bed. Gate valves? No, he talked about it. No, something like that was in the living room. Princess Mary was lying about something. Dessal something - this fool - said. Something in my pocket, I don't remember.
- Silence! What did they talk about at dinner?
- About the prince, Mikhail ...
- Shut up, shut up. The prince slammed his hand on the table. - Yes! I know, a letter from Prince Andrei. Princess Mary was reading. Desal said something about Vitebsk. Now I will read.
He ordered the letter to be taken out of his pocket and a table with lemonade and a vitushka, a wax candle, to be moved to the bed, and, putting on his glasses, he began to read. It was only then, in the stillness of the night, in the faint light from under the green cap, that he, having read the letter, for the first time for a moment understood its meaning.
“The French are in Vitebsk, after four crossings they can be at Smolensk; maybe they're already there."
- Silence! Tikhon jumped up. - No, no, no, no! he shouted.
He hid the letter under the candlestick and closed his eyes. And he imagined the Danube, a bright afternoon, reeds, a Russian camp, and he enters, he, a young general, without a single wrinkle on his face, cheerful, cheerful, ruddy, into the painted tent of Potemkin, and a burning feeling of envy for his beloved, just as strong, as then, worries him. And he recalls all those words that were said then at the first meeting with Potemkin. And he imagines with yellowness in her fat face a short, fat woman - Mother Empress, her smiles, words, when she received him for the first time, kindly, and he recalls her own face in the hearse and the collision with Zubov, which was then with her coffin for the right to approach her hand.
“Ah, rather, quickly return to that time, and so that everything now ends quickly, quickly, so that they leave me alone!”

Bald Mountains, the estate of Prince Nikolai Andreevich Bolkonsky, was sixty miles from Smolensk, behind it, and three miles from the Moscow road.

Distinctive features. Who does not know Vasily Ivanovich Chapaev? Brave red commander, the hero of films and jokes? Probably, this is one of the most popular folk characters of the 20th century, well, perhaps with the exception of Stirlitz. But few people know that the famous Chapaev was born in Chuvashia, in a small village near Cheboksary.

Monument to Chapaev in Cheboksary. Photo by shandi (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/shandi/)

In addition to the fact that the Republic of Chuvashia is the birthplace of Chapaev, it can still be proud of its original people, which make up the majority of its population. The Chuvash lands were part of the Volga Bulgaria, then they were subordinate to the Kazan Khanate.

Now two languages are used in Chuvashia - Chuvash and Russian. And although Russian is understood by everyone here, the Chuvash language is used more and more. This is also explained by the fact that many visitors from other parts of Chuvashia now live in Cheboksary, and Cheboksary themselves prefer to move to other cities, such as Kazan or Nizhny Novgorod.

Chuvashia can be called a region that has relied on agriculture. Its share in the economy of Chuvashia is 9.4%, which is twice as high as the Russian average. Industry is concentrated mainly in Cheboksary and Novocheboksarsk, although the old giant factories are now breathing their last, and the level of industrial production in Chuvashia has dropped to 70% of 1990. Today, the Chuvash business is more busy buying and selling.

Geographic location. The Republic of Chuvashia is located in the southeast of the European part of the Russian Federation, it is part of the Volga-Vyatka economic region and the Volga Federal District. The republic's neighbors are the Nizhny Novgorod Region in the west, the Republic of Tatarstan in the east, the Mari El Republic in the north, and the Ulyanovsk Region in the south.

The great Russian river Volga flows in the northern part of Chuvashia. The terrain is predominantly flat, where the highest point is 286.6 m above sea level.

In Chuvashia, nature is beautiful in its own way, and to preserve it, the Chavash Marmane National Park, which has become one of the "7 Wonders of Chuvashia", as well as the Prisursky Reserve, were created.

Population. In 2013, the population of the region was 1,243,431 people. Of these, 72% live in cities. The ratio of the male and female population is 46.5%: 53.5%.

In Chuvashia, the death rate is almost equal to the birth rate, even slightly lower. Therefore, there is a small natural increase in the population. So, despite the outflow of emigrants to other regions of Russia, the population of the republic has remained virtually unchanged for at least thirty years.

Chuvash in national costumes. Photo by Raushania (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/raushaniyagaripova/)

However, the proportion of pensioners is steadily growing, and now they make up one fifth of the inhabitants of Chuvashia. According to the national composition, 65.1% of the population are Chuvash. Russians make up 25.83% and live mainly in large cities. In third place in terms of numbers are Tatars (2.73%), who live compactly in the south-east of the republic.

Crime. The Republic of Chuvashia is a rather calm region. In the criminal rating of the regions, Chuvashia is in 50th place. This is not to say that there are no crimes at all. Of the most common types of crime, it is worth noting theft and fraud. So if you come to Cheboksary - be on the lookout!

Unemployment rate in the Chuvash Republic in 2012 was equal to only 5.86%, which practically does not differ from the average Russian level. In the ranking of regions in terms of unemployment, Chuvashia settled in 41st place. The average salary in Chuvashia, frankly, makes you cry. 16,832 rubles a month is not what residents of one of the European regions of Russia would like to receive.

Moreover, it is extremely difficult to find such industries in Chuvashia, where the average level of wages would exceed the bar of a thousand dollars. Nevertheless, so far the leaders are the IT sector (32,771 rubles / month), financial activities (30,814 rubles / month) and the production of electrical and optical equipment (28,687 rubles / month).

Real estate value. Average price per sq. meters of housing in Cheboksary - 50248 rubles, in Novocheboksarsk - 42520 rubles. A one-room apartment in Cheboksary will cost you 1.3 million rubles or more. Depending on the area, its price can reach 3 million rubles. New apartments in new buildings, for example, "three rubles" are already sold for 6 million rubles.

One of the yards in Kanash. Photo by Kanash-Club (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/kanash-club/)

Climate. Chuvashia, like most regions in the European part of Russia, is located in the temperate continental climate zone. Winter here is cold, with frosts sometimes reaching 40 degrees below zero. Summer is hot, with dry winds. But if we put aside extreme indicators, then the average temperature in July is +19°С, and the average temperature in January is −13°С. The amount of precipitation is 500 mm per year, most of which falls in the summer.

Cities of the Chuvash Republic

The regional center and the largest city of the region. Population - 473688 people. Once the city was the center of mechanical engineering and instrument making. But now everything is not so simple, production has declined, and the food industry, trade and tourism are becoming increasingly important in the city's economy.

The city has a lot of greenery, beautiful parks and monuments. In general, there is something to see. And the infrastructure of the city is well developed: there are many scientific institutions, theaters, festivals are held regularly. Due to the reduction in production and, accordingly, harmful emissions, the environment is also doing well. Of the minuses, nevertheless, it is necessary to note the economic factor - Cheboksary here is significantly inferior to Nizhny Novgorod and Kazan.

- a large industrial center located on the banks of the Volga River. Population - 123922 people. If in Cheboksary everything is normal from the environment, then in Novocheboksarsk - on the contrary. Being the second city in the republic in terms of production and having such a monster as Khimprom, the residents of Novocheboksarsk are forced to suffer from various harmful substances that enter the atmosphere from factory pipes and city dumps. We don’t see more minuses, and it’s not for nothing that Novocheboksarsk got into the top 100 best cities in Russia.

Kanash- the third largest city of Chuvashia. Population - 45759 people. This is a city of railroad workers, which has a dozen large industrial enterprises. This is not so small, given the size of the city. There are wide green streets that create a feeling of spaciousness. There are practically no high-rise buildings in the center, most of the buildings are limited in height to five floors. The infrastructure of the city cannot be called very well developed, but there is everything necessary for life - kindergartens, schools, even branches of universities.