Analysis of Tyutchev's poem Fountain. F.I.'s poem

See how the cloud is alive
The shining fountain swirls;
How it burns, how it crushes
Its in the sun wet smoke.
Rising to the sky with a beam, he
Touched the cherished height -
And again with fire-colored dust
To fall to the ground is condemned.

About the mortal thought of a water cannon,
O inexhaustible water cannon!
What law is incomprehensible
Does it aspire to you, does it bother you?
How greedily you are torn to the sky! ..
But the hand is invisibly fatal
Your ray is stubborn, refracting,
It overthrows in spray from a height.

Analysis of Tyutchev's poem "Fountain"

The early period of Fyodor Tyutchev's work is directly related to landscape lyrics. However, unlike such contemporaries as Afanasy Fet, Tyutchev is trying not only to capture the beauty of the world around him, but also to find a logical explanation for certain phenomena. Therefore, it is not surprising that the poems of the young diplomat, which he publishes under various pseudonyms, are of a philosophical nature. However, they also contain a fair amount of romance, because in the first half of the 19th century Tyutchev lives in Europe and gets acquainted with many German poets. Their work has a certain influence on him, and very soon he begins to consider himself one of the representatives of Russian romanticism.

Nevertheless, the works of Tyutchev during this period are distinguished by a certain “earthiness”, because a deep meaning is captured behind beautiful epithets. The author constantly draws parallels between man and nature, gradually coming to the conclusion that everything in this world is subject to a single law. A similar thought is also key in the poem "Fountain", written in 1836. Today it is already difficult to say exactly how this poem was born. However, it is possible that the author simply watched the fountain, trying to solve its riddle. It is for this reason that the first part of the poem is descriptive and replete with metaphors.

So, the poet compares the fountain with a “living cloud”, which “swirls” like smoke, but at the same time shimmers in the sun with all the colors of the rainbow. However, the poet is not so much interested in the beauty of the fountain as in the force that makes the water jet rise up to some limit. Then, according to the poet, from the point of view of a simple layman, something completely incomprehensible happens, since some invisible force returns the flow of water, which “is condemned to fall on the earth with fire-colored dust.”

Of course, no one has canceled the laws of physics, and it is not difficult to find an explanation for such a phenomenon. However, Tyutchev is not going to do this, because he does not want to deprive himself of that elusive charm that the most ordinary one gives him. Under the measured murmur of water, the poet tries to comprehend the essence of things and comes to very unexpected conclusions, which he sets out in the second part of his poem.

In it, he finds an undeniable similarity between the fountain, which he calls "an inexhaustible water cannon", and a person whose life is so reminiscent of a water jet. Indeed, starting our earthly journey, each of us climbs an invisible ladder. Someone does it slowly and uncertainly, but for someone such an ascent can be compared to a powerful jet of a fountain released under pressure. Addressing an invisible interlocutor, the poet notes: “How greedily you are rushing towards the sky!”. However, sooner or later there comes a moment when a person's strength runs out, and life turns back. “But the hand of your invisibly fatal beam is stubborn, refracting, overthrowing in splashes from a height,” the author emphasizes. At the same time, he is aware that almost all people pass through this life line. Therefore, their resemblance to fountains seems undeniable to Tyutchev. And such conclusions only convince the poet that both living and inanimate nature are subject to a single force. who governs the world at the highest level. We can only obey, because everything has long been predetermined. You can try to reach invisible heights or consider yourself invincible, but sooner or later the moment will come when the period of ascent will be replaced by a fall. And the faster a person climbed up, the faster he will fall, like the spray of a fountain.

Look how a shining fountain swirls like a living cloud; How it burns, how its moist smoke crushes in the sun. Having risen to the sky with a beam, he Touched the cherished height And again with fire-colored dust Fall down to the ground condemned. O water jet of mortal thought, O inexhaustible water jet! What incomprehensible law aspires you, crushes you? How greedily you rush to the sky!.. But the invisibly fateful hand, Refracting your stubborn beam, Overthrows in splashes from a height...

Poem F.I. Tyutchev's "Fountain" was written in 1836 in the life of Tyutchev - the fourteenth year in many years of service in Munich in the Russian mission (). This was the period of the most fruitful poetic activity. See how the cloud of life Tyutchev's poem is written in iambic trimeter with pyrrhic chimes, which somewhat soften the size, give it some smoothness.

O water jet of mortal thought, O inexhaustible water jet! What incomprehensible law aspires you, crushes you? How greedily you rush towards the sky!.. But your invisibly fatal hand, Refracting your stubborn beam, Overthrows in splashes from a height... "the hand of the invisibly fatal" refracts the "beam" of the "inexhaustible" "water jet".

A human thought, like a fountain, tends upwards, towards the sky, but there is a certain limit, there is a certain border, established ... but by whom? A higher power or the very energy of thought? “The Hand of the Invisibly Fatal” is a poetic image of the Incomprehensible Law of Fate, which is not given to man to know. Thought, daring to rise to the “unallowable” height, falls, crumbling into small fragments, and does not maintain the level reached.

PHILOSOPHICAL LYRICS are poems based on reflections on the meaning of life or on eternal human values. They, like any other lyrics, contain the requirement to comply with all literary rules for writing poetry (rhyme, imagery, personification, etc.) and the presence of a hidden meaning, in addition to the understandable main one. The hidden meaning is sometimes not revealed immediately, but after reading the work several times, sometimes even after a real event that happened later.

RHYME Night and I, we both breathe, The air is drunk with linden blossom, And, silent, we hear What, with its jet swaying, The fountain sings to us. Fet's poem is written using a chorea, which gives the work "vigor" of the syllable, lightness, emphasizes the author's optimistic mood.

Night and I, we both breathe, The air is drunk with linden blossom, And, silent, we hear What, with its jet swaying, The fountain sings to us. - I, and blood, and thought, and the body - We are obedient slaves: To a certain limit, we all rise boldly Under the pressure of fate. The thought rushes, the heart beats., Flickering mist does not help; The blood will return to the heart again, My ray will spill into the reservoir, And the dawn will extinguish the night. Look how a shining fountain swirls like a living cloud; How it burns, how its moist smoke crushes in the sun. Having risen to the sky with a beam, he Touched the cherished height And again with fire-colored dust Fall down to the ground condemned. O water jet of mortal thought, O inexhaustible water jet! What incomprehensible law aspires you, crushes you? How greedily you rush to the sky!.. But the invisibly fateful hand, Refracting your stubborn beam, Overthrows in splashes from a height...

Compare! Fet's reflections in the poem "Fountain" are somewhat similar to Tyutchev's thoughts. The poet compares human life with the arrangement of a fountain: o Fet does not perceive this limitation of human life as something tragic. For him, the cycle of life and death is a natural and natural phenomenon. The poet considers man to be a part of nature, which obeys its laws. A person comes into this world, born of the earth, and leaves it. For the lyrical hero, Fet is not a tragedy, but harmony and the natural course of things.
The Artistic Form of the Poems Both poems are based on the comparison of a man with a fountain. The composition of Tyutchev's poem is 2-part. The first part is a description of the "work" of the fountain, the second part is an analogy with human thought. Fet's poem is 3-part - an exposition, a description of human life and its outcome.

However, in both concepts, the role of fate and fate is strong. Both Tyutchev and Fet consider a person subject to this force - "the pressure of fate." But if Tyutchev’s fate is an evil fate, then Fet’s is part of the forces of the Universe that make a person not only suffer, but also develop (“we ascend boldly”).

The poems of Tyutchev and Fet are philosophical elegies with similar motives. However, in terms of the basic mood and philosophical concept, these poems differ sharply from each other. The artistic means chosen by each of their artists help them express their view of human life, its possibilities and the place of man in this world.

The poem "Fountain" refers to the philosophical lyrics of Tyutchev, it was written in the heyday of his talent. At the same time, he created such masterpieces as "Spring Thunderstorm", "Autumn Evening", "Insomnia", "Winter is angry for a reason..." and others. Turgenev wrote about the work of this poet: "Each of his poems began with a thought ...".

Tyutchev addresses the reader, the interlocutor, drawing attention to the picture depicting the fountain. With a fountain, he compares human thought. The law by which she lives, the poet calls incomprehensible. Human thought, according to Tyutchev, is inexhaustible, but at the same time it cannot fully penetrate the secrets of the universe. Like a fountain, it irresistibly strives upwards, towards the sky, but there is a limit for it too, a certain border through which it cannot cross - it will be stopped by the "invisible fatal hand". A thought greedily rushing upward is condemned, like jets of water in a fountain, to "fall to the ground." Within each stanza, there is a line of "rise: and" descent.

The poem is compositionally divided into two parts - into two stanzas, each of which consists of eight lines. In the first part, a fountain is depicted, in the second, the poet describes the movement of human thought. Such a composition is usually called "mirror". The image of the continuous movement of water in the fountain, drawn in the first stanza, illustrates the direct meaning of the word fountain (a jet of water beating upwards). In the second part, we are talking about human thought and the figurative meaning of the word fountain (an inexhaustible, plentiful flow of something) is involved. The first part of the poem can be called an illustration, a picturesque picture, while the second part is a philosophical reflection. Connection between
parts are straight and inseparable - by comparing them, the reader can understand the idea of the work.
The second stanza, even from the outside, looks much more emotional than the first. The first one uses "calm" punctuation marks: comma, period, dash, semicolon. In the second stanza, there are not only exclamation and question marks, but there is even a special synthetic punctuation mark (! ..). Rhetorical exclamations and rhetorical question
engage the reader in the author's thoughts. It is clear that the philosophical grain of the poem, its idea are contained in the second part of the poem. It is also important that in the very appearance of the main image of the work there are details that are interesting to pay attention to. The graphic image of the letter F somehow magically resembles a fountain. In addition, it reflects the composition of the poem in a peculiar way: in addition to two circles, it has a rod,
connecting them in the middle - and in the composition of Tyutchev's poem there is also a certain vertical that connects the heavenly and the earthly. It turns out that the title image was chosen by the author not by chance. The fountain perfectly symbolizes the picture of the eternal movement towards a lofty goal: water - to the sky, human thought - to the truth.

The idea of Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev's poem can probably be stated simply: the world in which we live is beautiful and amazing, it is inexhaustible and cannot be fully known by man. Sublime vocabulary, metaphors connect the image of the fountain with the image of the “mortal thought” of a person. In the first part of the poem, the figurative system is more picturesque, the artist's color palette is brighter. The author uses romantic epithets (radiant fountain; cherished height), vivid vocabulary (flaming; sun; ray), metaphors (living cloud; ray rising to the sky). Epithets are at the same time metaphors (radiant fountain; moist smoke; cherished height; fire-colored dust). Metaphors are also contained in comparisons (the fountain ... swirls like a living cloud; it is condemned to fall to the ground with fire-colored dust). The emotional richness of the poem is enhanced by the use of a variety of syntactic constructions. The first four lines, united by a common rhyme, are a complex sentence with the main one, consisting of one word: "Look ...", - which contains an appeal and an appeal. The repetition of the union draws attention to the object of the image - the fountain, linking together the verbs swirl, flame, crush, which helps to make the picture visible.

An important stylistic role is played by inversion, which emphasizes the significance of the words (a shining fountain swirls like a living cloud; it has wet smoke in the sun; an invisibly fatal hand; a stubborn beam). The second stanza, in which the author addresses the philosophical issues of being, is filled with more abstract images, words with a high stylistic coloring, including obsolete ones (strits, hand). The replacement of the word fountain with a synonym for a water cannon is especially significant, in order to enhance the impression, the author resorts to repetitions. In the poem, the word "ray" is repeated twice: the ray of the fountain and the ray of "mortal thought". This comparison emphasizes the futility of man's aspirations to comprehend all the secrets of the universe. The work ends with the word "heights". It also sounded at the very beginning, accompanied by
cherished epithet). It is interesting to consider how the artistic space and artistic time change in this work.

At first glance, both parts of the poem seem to be organized in the same way: the movement (of water in the fountain and thoughts) first goes up, and then an inexorable descent follows. There is a kind of doom in this movement - it seems that it is impossible to break out of this circle. But the attentive eye of the reader reveals that these two circles are not at all the same.
The first circle is small - this is the movement of water in the fountain in a vicious circle, this is a material
world. The second circle is much larger - it is a circle of thought that can be expanded indefinitely. The wider the circle, the closer the person is to the truth. Artistic time in the text of the first stanza can be defined by the word now, and in the second - by the word always (the author suggests this with the words "incomprehensible law"). The poem is written in iambic tetrameter, the rhyme is circular.

Option 2

The poem “Fountain” by F.I. Tyutchev is very unusual. On the one hand, it's just admiration for a wonderful picture born of the contrast of light and water (sun and water smoke), but after reading the poem two, five, ten times, you understand that this is not so.

The poem is based on the principle of conversion, i.e. the author says "look" - and in your imagination a picture instantly arises, under the impression of which we are transported to 1836, one of the clear days of April. There is a wonderful, hot weather, and a cool fountain nearby. Tyutchev depicts this seemingly inexpressible picture, as if addressing you specifically and reciting these verses against the background of the landscape - such an unusual impression is created.

A fountain is not just an architectural structure filled with water that circulates back and forth. It is immediately clear: this is a “living cloud”, consisting of billions of droplets that play, shimmer in the sun, creating a wonderful “fiery” smoke.

In the first octave, a picture of a fountain sparkling in the sun is drawn in detail, the physical process of raising water to the “cherished height” and the subsequent fall under the action of gravity, as well as the optical effect of light refraction in drops, is surprisingly accurately conveyed.

Tyutchev does not stop at the physical picture, he goes further, giving his thoughts and identifying the fountain with the "human". It should be noted that there is an appeal in the second octave. The first two verses begin with "O", which, combined with the special word "water cannon", a synonym for a fountain, and the epithet "inexhaustible" convey the admiration of the author. The fountain image dissolves and disappears completely. It is dispelled by the word "mortal". Here it is - directly human - thought. The thought is unusual, captivating, like the drops of a fountain, and therefore the thought is comparable precisely with the flight of a drop. The comparison is unusual, which is characteristic of poetic thought. So, the flight of poetic thought, the “cherished height” of which is the recognition of thought.

Thought moves according to the "incomprehensible law", which means, according to Tyutchev, there is a higher power that controls the direction and content of thought. The fountain rises to the sky. It is “torn”, this word emphasizes the speed, speed, strength and inevitability of the “human fountain” - thoughts.

Mankind remembers the “stubborn rays”, launched by the fountain of thought and controlled by the “invisible hand”. A fountain, like a person, can fall apart, die with time; the thought, if it is worthwhile, will be eternal.

Perhaps the main feature of this poem is that two worlds are present and clearly demarcated in it: a world close to the real, in this case a fountain, and a world of thoughts. If in most works of philosophical lyrics of the romantic direction one has to look for subscript meaning oneself, then here it is given.

Tyutchev masterfully built even a description of the painting itself. The first two lines are a complete thought, a picture appears in black and white, which only represents the scene, and at the end there is a “semicolon” - the first stage of the impression has passed. Before our eyes, the picture comes to life, filled with colors: red, orange, yellow. The fountain begins to beat, and slowly, one large drop is visible in close-up. that rises and falls. As soon as it fell, the picture disappears, as evidenced by the “point” at the end of the first octaht, and when the drop reaches its apogee, it hangs there for a while, and in this place it shines especially brightly. The duration at this point is shown as a dash. The second part begins, the main task of which is to raise the question: “What incomprehensible law aspires to you, crushes you?” And as if to confirm that this question is not meaningless, the image of the “stubborn beam” returns, which is refracted and overthrown into the abyss from a height.

Tyutchev formulated a question, the answer to which we, perhaps, will never find, but we can only be glad that he asked the questions so well, clearly saw and “collected” the idea that he was able to do the main thing, and this is his great merit.

Option 3

The lyrics of the Russian poet F.I. Tyutcheva is philosophical, always imbued with deep thought. However, Tyutchev's thought is not abstract: it, as a rule, merges with an image, a picture depicting something concrete. Thought and image are closely interconnected: the picture gives expressiveness to the thought, and the thought saturates the picture with depth.

In the literal sense, a “fountain” is an architectural structure for supplying water under pressure; in a figurative sense, one can say “a fountain of ideas, thoughts”.

The first stanza consists of eight verses with a ring rhyme: abba || abba.

Rings of rhymes give relative independence, isolation to the quatrains included in the stanza. In the first four verses there is a picture of a gushing fountain, in the next four there is a picture of water falling to the ground. In general, in the first stanza, a picture is drawn related to the fountain as an architectural structure.

The second stanza is a mirror image of the first. It outlines Tyutchev's philosophical position, which consists in the fact that human thought, even brilliant, cannot comprehend everything. "A water cannon of mortal thought" is compared to a fountain. This vivid image helps to visually present the painting that excites the author.

Important stylistic possibilities lie in the syntax. The first four verses, united by a common rhyme, are a complex sentence with the main one, consisting of one word - “look”, which contains an appeal and an appeal. The absence of a definite treatment with the verb emphasizes the importance of the object of attention itself.

The repetition of the union “how” performs the same function, drawing attention to the object of the image - the fountain, linking together the verbs: “swirls”, “flames”, “crushes”, which helps to vividly present the picture.

An important stylistic role is played by inversion (“cherished heights”, “fire-colored dust”, “condemned to fall to the ground”), increasing the expressiveness of poetic speech, enhancing the semantic load of the words at the end of the verse.

The second stanza begins with an anaphora, uniting appeals that are close in syntactic structure:

About the mortal thought of a water cannon,

O inexhaustible water cannon!

Rhetorical exclamations and questions create maximum emotional tension.

Strengthening the expressiveness of speech is achieved by using tropes - turns of speech in which a word or expression is used in a figurative sense. The poetic language that depicts the fountain is bright, figurative, metaphorically saturated (“radiant fountain”, “moist smoke”, “a living cloud ... swirling”, “falling with fire-colored dust ... condemned”).

The second stanza as a whole is a detailed comparison of the fountain and human thought, which, like a fountain, rushes up, obeying some "incomprehensible law." Tyutchev's image of human thought is philosophically saturated: the metaphor "eagerly rushing towards the sky" emphasizes swiftness and tirelessness. However, the infinity of thought turns out to be illusory: something, denoted by the metaphor “hand of the invisibly fatal”, interrupts the flight of human thought.

At the end of the poem, there is a tragic thought that the world is completely incomprehensible to man.

A person in Tyutchev's lyrics appears as a seeker, a thinker, gifted with high spiritual needs. The words of the biblical prophet: “There is much sadness in much wisdom, and whoever increases knowledge, increases sorrow,” are consonant with the main idea of Tyutchev’s poem “Fountain”. The undoubted merit of the poet is that he managed to express the human wisdom accumulated over the centuries in a bright, figurative poetic word.

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Analysis of the poem by F.I Tyutchev "Fountain"
Poem F.I. Tyutchev "Fountain" was written in 1836. I could attribute it to the philosophical lyrics of Tyutchev. Having creatively assimilated the philosophical and aesthetic ideas of the German romantics, Schelling's doctrine of a single "world soul", the poet was convinced that it finds its expression both in nature and in the inner life of man. Nature and man form a deep unity in Tyutchev's lyrics, the border between them is mobile, permeable. From this point of view, the comprehension of the elements of nature is the contemplation of oneself in nature. That is why the two-part composition of Tyutchev's poem "The Fountain" is full of deep meaning. The first part is the play of the fountain, which swirls like a “living cloud”. He is beautiful, great and light, he strives to touch the "cherished height", but "is condemned to fall to the ground" as soon as he touches the sky. The element of water in the form of a fountain is just a part of nature, and parts cannot comprehend the whole. The second part is a comparison of the water element of the fountain with the water cannon of "mortal thought", which also rushes to the sky, but the "invisibly fatal hand" refracts the "beam" of the "inexhaustible" "water cannon". This is how Tyutchev's rejection of self-affirmation and self-will of the individual is born, which is so characteristic of many currents of romantic literature. The imaginary greatness of human thought is just an amusement created by the Higher Beginning. The "water cannon" of thought is like a fountain created by man for his own amusement. The irony of the poet is obvious:
About the mortal thought of a water cannon,
O inexhaustible water cannon!
What law is incomprehensible
It aspires to you, it crushes you!
With a generalized holistic view of the world of nature and man, the absence of everyday prosaic details in the poem is connected. Here there are elements of the odic tradition of the XVIII century, a solemn stately speech. However, this tradition appears in Tyutchev in a romantically transformed form, it intersects in a peculiar way with the form of a fragment characteristic of German romantic lyrics. The severity of the collision of such diverse genre traditions in the poem "Fountain" emphasizes the contradictory consciousness of modern man, the multidimensionality and complexity of being. Here we observe oratorical, didactic intonations, ornately prophetic pathos. Tyutchev's epithets and metaphors are unexpected, unpredictable, conveying the play of the natural forces of water and the power of the mind. The element of the fountain is likened to a flame: “flaming”, “moist smoke”, “rising towards the sky with a beam”, “falling down with fire-colored dust”, “condemned”. This is very reminiscent of both the story of Icarus and the story of Prometheus. The word "ray" is repeated twice in the poem. "Ray of the fountain" and "ray" of "mortal thought". This juxtaposition emphasizes the futility of human pride striving to comprehend Heaven as the Highest Beginning. Note that the Truth appears in the form of a hand, and the definition of "invisibly fatal" emphasizes the inevitability of falling to the ground, despite the persistence and greed to comprehend the sky with a mortal ray. The poet will combine the image of the natural elements and the tragic reflection on human life. This gives the poem a symbolic-philosophical meaning, and Tyutchev's thought acquires expressiveness, living figurative flesh. The water element in the poem is humanized, spiritualized. It is internally understandable and close to a person. Like a living, thinking being, it swirls like a “living” cloud. The poem is addressed to the reader: "Look, ...". The author acts as a visionary teacher who gives an object lesson to his students. The first part is a contemplation of an example from the life of nature. The second part is a conclusion and comparison about a person's life. I really liked the poem by F.I. Tyutchev "Fountain". I would especially like to note the poet's unprecedented freedom of thinking, improvisation, immediacy and naturalness of expressing feelings and thoughts.

Analysis of the poem Tyutchev Fountain Grade 10

Plan

1.History of creation

2.Genre

3.Main theme

4.Composition

5.Size

6. Expressive means

7. Main idea

1. History of creation. Tyutchev's poem "Fountain" was written in 1836, during the period of his highest creative activity. It reflected the poet's inherent desire to know the true essence of nature and its relationship with man. Perhaps Tyutchev was inspired by the actual observation of the fountain.

2. Genre poems - philosophical lyrics, imbued with the ideas of romanticism.

3. Main theme poems - a comparison of the fountain with human thought and life in general. Watching the fountain, the poet notes that he has an eternal aspiration upward, which ultimately ends in an inevitable fall. The author tries to unravel the mystery of this endless cycle. Without taking into account the elementary laws of physics, he wants to discover another fundamental law belonging to higher powers. These thoughts lead Tyutchev to compare the fountain with human life. From birth, people strive upward, gradually enriching their mental and spiritual experience. This impulse is inherent in every person and does not depend on his will or desire. However, at some point, the highest point is reached, which is at a certain level for everyone. It is no longer possible to cross this point, the fall begins, which is expressed in aging and fading. Water splashes fall to the ground, and the person dies. The cycle ends but repeats over and over again in the next generation. Thus, the cycle is carried out. Its philosophical meaning is that people do not disappear without a trace, but invariably return to the common spiritual source of life. In parallel, Tyutchev compares the fountain with human thought. It is also directed to the sky, is in constant motion and development. But there is a certain line that the human mind cannot cross. People make discoveries and enrich science, but at some point, the poet believes, all human capabilities will be realized, and the “invisibly fatal hand” will stop further movement.

4. Composition. The poem consists of two parts. In the first, the poet describes a specific physical object - a fountain. In the second, he moves on to philosophical comparison and generalization.

5. The size. The work is written in iambic tetrameter with a ring rhyme.

6. Expressive means. When describing the fountain, Tyutchev uses a variety of epithets: "radiant", "wet", "fiery". He also uses figurative metaphors: “a living cloud”, “an invisibly fatal hand”. Metaphors are also represented by verbs: “swirls”, “flames”, “crushes”. The main technique, the characteristic core of the work, is the comparison of the “mortal thought of a water jet”.

7. the main idea poems - the limitations of human life, the eternal desire for an ideal that is unattainable.