Antarctica: interesting facts, finds, discoveries. Up and down counting - "Take the penguin through the ice floes"

Ludmila Baranova
Summary of the lesson "Journey to Antarctica"

Abstract organized educational activities

for children 5-6 years old

« Journey to Antarctica»

Compiled: Baranova Lyudmila Vasilievna, teacher

MBDOU "Kindergarten them. Yu. A. Gagarin»,

(Smolensk region, Gagarin)

Age group: 5-6 years.

OOD form: class.

Form of organization: group.

preliminary work:

Consideration of illustrations depicting the cold zones of the planet;

Reading books about Antarctica.

Target: increasing the ecological culture of preschoolers and creative imagination in the process of familiarizing children with Antarctica.

Equipment and materials:

Envelope with a letter;

Necessary for illustration classes;

Integration of educational regions: Cognitive development, speech development, social and communicative development, artistic and aesthetic development, physical development.

Tasks:

Educational tasks:

1. Give children ideas about the features of the geographical location, nature Antarctica;

2. Form ideas about flora, fauna Antarctica, about the relationship of organisms with the environment;

3. Generalize ideas about the animal world, birds Antarctica. Their appearance, lifestyle, habits.

4. Continue to develop the ability to work with the map, find the North Pole (Arctic) and South Pole (Antarctica) .

5. Continue to teach children to participate in experimental activities

6. To form the ability to draw conclusions and conclusions based on experimental activities.

2. Developmental:

1. To develop ecological thinking and creative imagination in the process of experimental and research activities of children;

2. Develop attention, memory, logical thinking, visual observation;

3. Develop the ability to see the beauty of nature;

4. To develop the ability to analyze, generalize, ingenuity in the process of teaching children to guess riddles.

5. Develop speech, enrich vocabulary (the words: iceberg, Antarctica, killer whale)

3. Educational:

1. Raise interest and love for nature;

2. Cause a positive emotional response to the beauty of nature;

3. Cultivate a respectful attitude towards the interlocutor, form the skills of teamwork.

4. Wellness:

1. Create a positive emotional mood;

2. Form the need for physical activity.

Educational area: "Cognitive Development".

Area integration: "Speech development", "Artistic and aesthetic development", "Social and communicative development", "Application".

Type lessons: integrated.

Estimated result: increasing interest in children's knowledge of the world around them and the formation of the prerequisites for environmental education.

Methods and techniques:

1. Visual: demonstration of illustrations, demonstration of experience, demonstration of visual aids;

2. Verbal: conversation, riddles, children's stories, questions, explanations, instructions.

3. Practical: research activity, creation of an artistic product (making a penguin kindergarten, musical and rhythmic exercise;

4. Gaming: the introduction of competition elements, a surprise moment.

Equipment and materials:

Envelope with a letter;

Pieces of ice, a basin of water, napkins;

Feathers of birds, fat, a basin of water;

Necessary for illustration classes;

Panel for teamwork;

Application blanks, glue, oilcloths, simple pencils.

Organizing time.

V. - Hello guys! Let's smile at each other and our guests! And let the good mood not leave us all day long!

Children, there is a magic screen in front of you, it will help us recover in an exciting travel. And in what travel You will find out when I read the letter that came to the address of the kindergarten.

Activity motivation

Q. Guys, the envelope says - "For the guys". From whom is it?

Guess the riddle:

This bird does not fly

But it swims and dives great!

Walks around,

Be smart!

Doesn't sing, but wears a tailcoat

Destined for her

Growth - meter, well, he lives

Where it's cold and ice!

B. Correct letter from penguin (reading a letter). What is the penguin asking for?

(Picture "Penguin")

Q. Guys, look at this Pepe the penguin. I think he's upset about something. In the letter, he wrote that he had no friends at all and that made him very sad. Let's visit him. It is customary to visit with a gift. What can you give a penguin?

(Picture with a fish)

B. So, we will go to travel and find out where the penguin lives and we will try to help him somehow.

Guys, we live on a big, beautiful planet. What is it called?

(children answer)

Q. Our planet has a North Pole and a South Pole. It is at the South Pole in Our Pepe lives in Antarctica.

(Picture with poles)

AT. Antarctica- a huge piece of land covered with a thick layer of ice. Around the mainland is the ocean. This is the most severe region of the Earth. You will not find a colder place in the whole world. Gliding sunbeams are not able to melt this ice. A strong wind brings more and more mountains of snow. There is so much of it that from such an amount they become very heavy and turn into ice. And so from year to year, from century to century.

V. Well, it's time to hit the road. Let's close, stand up, close our eyes and turn around ourselves 3 times.

"One spin, two spin

AT find yourself in Antarctica».

(Picture Antarctica)

Main part

B. Open your eyes. So let's imagine that we are in Antarctica at Pepe. How beautiful it is here! Listen, please, a little quatrain.

Under the frozen sky

Glaciers slide into the water

And float away

Ice ships.

Q. What is it about? (Children's answers.)

(Picture "Icebergs")

B. Icebergs are huge mountains of ice that have broken off from the icy shores and carried them out to sea. The shapes of icebergs are the most amazing and bizarre: either it is a giant snow-white swan, or an island with high mountains, gorges, waterfalls. There are icebergs that look like a ship with wind-blown sails, a pyramid, a beautiful castle with turrets. In sunny weather, icebergs are very beautiful. They appear to be multi-colored. Most of the iceberg is hidden under water, and we cannot see it. Therefore, they are very dangerous for ships. Why?

And now I suggest you check whether they sink or not.

(Experiment with ice)

Q. Imagine that our cup of water is the sea, and the pieces of ice are icebergs. Dip the ice in the water. Drowning?

(Children's answers.)

Q. Our little icebergs don't sink because the water pushes them out. Real icebergs are huge, but in the sea they swim exactly like ours.

Q. And now I propose to warm up a little.

Physical education minute: "Warm your hands".

Q. There are no plants here, because everything around is covered with ice. Animals find their food in the sea. But despite the cold Animals live in Antarctica. Look at the picture. Here you will see a killer whale, a seal, a whale, a seal.

(Picture "Animals")

B. Also in Antarctica live and birds albatross, petrel and pelicans.

(Picture "Birds")

Q. But the most interesting inhabitants are the penguins. Guys, what do you think the penguin is an animal or a bird?

(Children's answers.)

Q. Although penguins are birds, they cannot fly. On land, penguins are clumsy, but in the water they become very fast and agile. Because of their short legs, penguins waddle. But penguins are very good at swimming. The wings make it possible to swim in the water, and the paws with membranes, like those of geese and ducks, serve as a rudder.

(Picture "Swimmers")

Q. Penguins live mainly in the cold regions of our planet. Why do you think they are not cold?

(Children's answers.)

Q. They have subcutaneous fat that helps keep them warm. I invite you to the table. Take, please, the feathers, which I have smeared with fat beforehand, and I propose to dip them into the water.

(Experiment with feathers)

Q. Wet? Why?

(Children's answers.)

Q. If it gets very cold, penguins gather in a large group and huddle together to keep themselves and others warm. The penguins are constantly moving and changing places, so everyone manages to be in the middle, where it is warmest.

(Picture "Flock")

B. Penguins feed on fish, squid, crabs.

(Picture "What do they eat")

B. Penguins are a very friendly family, when mom goes to swim, dad takes the egg and holds it on his paws, covering it from the cold with a special fold of skin hanging from his belly. Until mom comes, the penguin does not eat anything.

(Picture "Daddy males")

Physical education minute:

AT Antarctica - miracle bird, (arms to sides, flapping wings)

What is not afraid of frost (three hands).

What a good penguin (show penguin)

It is very similar to the musician (the musician plays the drum!

Q. And now, I want to see how attentive you are. If it's right, we clap, if it's wrong, we stomp.

AT Antarctica has a lot of snow and ice.

Are there rivers, forests?

Does a fox roam the forest?

Do trees grow around?

And who is the penguin's friend?

Q. Of course, the penguin has a penguin friend. Look, I have a picture of a picture Antarctica and there is a very sad Pepe penguin. He is all alone. How can we help him?

(Children's answers.)

Q. Let's look at our Pepe, because friends will be like our penguin. Let's try to describe it. The penguin is wearing a snow-white shirt, with a yellow shirt-front, collar, tie. Black coat. The body is oval in shape. Legs like a duck or goose with webbed feet. The head is small with yellow or white cheeks.

Practical part.

Q. Each of you has a rectangle of black paper on your plate. Cut out an oval from it. From a black square - a circle, from a white one - a heart. Glue the heart onto the black circle. From a small square, cut a circle and cut it in half - these are paws. From a white rectangle, an oval is a stomach and a breast. Glue on the eyes. Give your penguin a name. All children love to play with toys, choose prepared toys for your penguins, as well as items of clothing. Who finished, stick on our big picture.

Final part.

Reflection.

Q. Guys, we got a real kindergarten for penguins. Now Pepe will not be bored. Were you able to help our little penguin?

(Children's answers.)

Q. How will the penguins play in kindergarten?

(Children's answers.)

Q. Thank you guys, our penguin was satisfied.

Did you learn interesting facts about Antarctica in geography school? Surely yes. Then you should know that Antarctica is the largest desert on the planet. At the same time, it still remains a white spot on geographical maps. For the continent is surrounded by riddles and mysteries. For example, many scientists believe that the mainland is actually the lost Atlantis. You will learn many more interesting facts about the mainland Antarctica in the process of reading the article. Let's talk about everything in order.

pioneers

Antarctica is the sixth continent of the Earth. Moreover, it was opened much later than all the others.

It is believed that the first scientist in Antarctica was Karsten Borchgrevink from Norway. But there is evidence that Bellingshausen and Lazarev were the first to set foot on the harsh continent with their expedition. It was at the very beginning of January 1820. To be honest, the existence of the mainland was a real surprise for them. For earlier everyone was sure that this territory was an archipelago or a group of islands.

A century later, the famous Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen was the first person to reach the South Pole.

And only a few decades later, scientists began to closely engage in Antarctica, creating scientific bases.

Geography of the continent

The territory of the mainland is the most severe region of the planet. More than 99% of the continent is covered with ice. Their thickness reaches 4.5 kilometers. In Antarctica, low air temperatures (up to -70 degrees) prevail. February is considered the most "summer" month. Although in the prehistoric era the climate of the mainland was very warm. Palm trees even grew here.

Now there are often snow storms and strong winds. Nevertheless, Antarctica is not only the coldest place on the planet, but also the driest. The combination of dryness and cold reaches the absolute there.

There are mountainous regions in the territory. Moreover, scientists even discovered two volcanoes. One of them - Erebus - is the southernmost volcano on the planet. And he is active.

Minerals have also been found here. We are talking about coal, iron ore, mica, copper, lead, zinc and graphite.

Bloody waterfall, Onyx and transparent sea

About 80% of the planet's fresh water reserves are located in the ice sheet of the continent.

There are also reservoirs here. So, on the mainland there is the Weddell Sea. It is recognized as the cleanest in the world. The water is so transparent that through its thickness you can see objects that are at a depth of 80 m!

As for the rivers, the most famous is the Onyx River. Its length is almost forty kilometers. True, it flows only for two months and in the summer.

Also in Antarctica there are a large number of subglacial lakes. The most famous is Lake Vostok, 250 km long and 50 km wide.

Of course, there are many glaciers on the mainland. One of them gives rise to the so-called Bloody Falls. The water has a high iron content. This gives it a beautiful blood-red color. By the way, the water never freezes there.

iceberg country

What else is Antarctica known for? For children, an interesting fact will be that this is the land of icebergs. Here they reach a truly record size. So, one of them broke away in 2000. Its length was almost 300 kilometers, and its width was 37. The weight of the "floe" was three billion tons. This iceberg was larger in area than Jamaica! Interestingly, part of this iceberg has not yet melted.

And more recently, a giant iceberg, having broken off, went on a free journey. It is an order of magnitude smaller than the ice floe in 2000. But scientists believe that if you melt it, you can easily fill about 460 million artificial pools. Or, say, fill the famous Lake Michigan in the United States. By the way, this body of water is one of the largest lakes in the world.

The continent is hospitable to fur seals, blue whales and killer whales. "Whites" also live in the water. These are the so-called ice fish. Their blood is colorless, since there is no hemoglobin and red blood cells in the body. But still, the most numerous species of inhabitants of this territory are crustaceans, or krill. Their number is measured in tons. This is the largest population in the world! By the way, Uruguayan doctors use krill powder in the treatment of their patients. Thanks to this drug, people tend to quickly part with excess cholesterol.

By the way, researchers from Chile were able to prove that the emperor penguins of Antarctica, interesting facts about which we are considering, feed exclusively on these crustaceans. That is why they do not suffer from atherosclerosis!

By the way, these birds live only in Antarctica. They are mainly engaged in hunting in the water and can swim away even for tens of kilometers. Emperor penguins are solitary and only form large colonies during the breeding season. This is when the Antarctic winter comes.

In general, Antarctica is more than poor in land animals. There are no reptiles here, but ants live. And polar bears do not live here at all, but in the Arctic. Although recently a number of scientists have already thought about populating this southern continent with them.

Antarctic population

For obvious reasons, there are no permanent residents here. But on the other hand, scientists live and work in this inhospitable territory. In summer, their number is about 5 thousand people. In winter, this figure decreases several times. They say that specialists live more than amicably. In any case, there are already registered interethnic marriages.

And in 1978, seven Argentine families arrived on the mainland. They wanted to see how long they could survive in these difficult conditions. Jokes aside, but Emilio Marcos Palma turned out to be the first representative of the stronger sex who was born on this uninhabitable continent.

True, Antarctica is not at all isolated from the outside world. There is also the Internet, and television, and a telephone connection with a code, and an ATM. It also has its own currency. It's called the Antarctic dollar. There is also a bar. In fact, it is considered the most inaccessible drinking establishment on the entire planet. By the way, the diet of specialists also includes a foamy drink - beer.

There are several Christian churches in Antarctica. One of them is a Russian Orthodox church.

At one time, a nuclear power plant, which belonged to the United States of America, also worked here.

By the way, before a person is going to go to the icy continent, he has to remove his wisdom teeth and appendix in order to minimize the risks of sudden inflammation. There are no operations. But one day, in 1961, a Soviet scientist was forced to operate on himself due to acute appendicitis. Fortunately, the surgery was successful.

Politics of Antarctica

There is no president and no government on the mainland. Antarctica does not belong to anyone at all. Although a number of powers at one time claimed ownership of this territory. But these plans were in vain.

A few years ago, representatives of a number of countries signed the so-called "Antarctic Treaty". The document proclaims this territory an international protected area or "natural reserve". Since then, the continent has been considered a demilitarized zone. Scientists of any state can only conduct research here.

Secrets of the Continent

Interesting facts about Antarctica do not end there. She is surrounded by secrets. So, at one time, researchers discovered some buildings here. Their dimensions were similar to those of the Egyptian pyramids of Giza. In addition, there are legends about the underground bases of Adolf Hitler. It is known that during the war the Fuhrer began to explore this area.

Anyone who studies meteorites knows that there is no better place in this regard than Antarctica. The fact is that the fireballs that fell on the ice cover of the mainland are preserved much better than in any other place on the planet. So, in Antarctica, scientists discovered fragments of a meteorite from Mars. It was an unexpected discovery. After relevant research, scientists said that the mainland is similar to the red planet. In the sense that the territory of the continent is so similar to Mars that they began to use the icy continent as a model for Mars!

Antarctic tourism

Since 1980, the mainland has been accessible to tourists. Fortunately, there are many abandoned places that guests of the continent want to visit. For example, there is still a camp that was founded by the famous traveler R. Scott back in 1911. Such bases have already become a real tourist attraction.

In addition, wrecked ships are often found on the coast of Antarctica. As a rule, these are Spanish galleons of the 16th-17th centuries.

Well, one more interesting fact about Antarctica: a few years ago, musicians from the cult band Metallica arrived here as guests and tourists of the mainland. They even gave a concert for an audience of 120 people! The most interesting thing is that the members of the group were able to comply with the accepted international agreements related to environmental standards on the mainland. Namely - they did not use sound amplifiers. The latter was broadcast into the headphones of fans ...

Antarctica is the first thing that comes to mind when we see a land completely covered with ice. It is located in the Southern Hemisphere and is the southernmost continent.

Officially, Antarctica was discovered in 1820 during a Russian round-the-world expedition led by Thaddeus Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev.

At the same time, only 2% of this continent is visible land, the rest of the surface is covered with ice, which contains 70% of the reserves of all fresh water on the planet.

Animals living in Antarctica have been able to adapt to cold climatic conditions, mainly penguins and seals.

Algae, bacteria, fungi and some plant species coexist next to them. The height of the ice cover covering Antarctica reaches 2040 meters, which is more than 2.5 times the average height of the surface of all other continents. Near the South Pole, the thickness of the ice cover reaches almost 4000 meters.

icebergs

The largest, tallest and largest icebergs in the world have been found in Antarctica. In addition, B-15, which is the largest iceberg in the world and is 295 km long and 37 km wide, is also found in Antarctica.

Conditions similar to Mars

Antarctica has been declared to be similar to Mars in terms of climate and many other factors. Here, just like on Mars, there is prolonged darkness, there are no natural resources, and some dry valleys of Antarctica resemble the landscapes of Mars. The conditions are so similar that scientists from the National Science Foundation and NASA are using Antarctica as a model for Mars, testing technologies and models of machinery that will soon be sent to Mars.

Only 2 seasons

Antarctica is considered the driest, coldest and windiest place on Earth. The lowest recorded temperature is -89.4 C, and the average temperature is -34.4 C. Antarctica is considered the largest desert, as it is practically devoid of precipitation. In addition, there are only two seasons - winter and summer. During 6 summer months the sun shines in Antarctica, it spends 6 winter months in darkness. It is in winter that the size of the mainland increases, and in summer it decreases.

Unique biodiversity

Antarctica is home to many other animals that can only be found here. So,

Lives only on this mainland. The most famous inhabitants of Antarctica - penguins, fur seals and seals - here is the largest population of these animals. The emperor penguin is the only species that breeds in winter. Blue whales living in the waters of Antarctica are larger in size than blue whales living in other seas.

No economy

There is tourism in Antarctica, but it is possible only on the very outskirts of the mainland. In addition, fishermen also catch fish only near the shores. Several research stations are based in Antarctica, but they are exclusively engaged in scientific activities. There is an "Antarctic dollar", but it has no legal force and therefore cannot be used as a currency.

No governments

Antarctica is considered a zone free from any kind of property. Many countries tried to establish their rights to this mainland, but did not receive any recognition. Antarctica is a politically neutral land and can only be used for scientific purposes.

human life

Antarctica is a continent without a population, since the low temperature and harsh climatic conditions are not suitable for permanent residence. On the mainland, you can meet only tourists and scientists. In 1978, seven families were sent to the mainland by the Argentine government to test the possibility of survival on this land. Emilio Marcos Palma is the first boy born on the very outskirts of the Antarctic Peninsula, and Solveig Jacobsen is the first girl to be born on the mainland. On King George Island, near Bellingshausen station, the Russian Orthodox Church was built.

The best place for meteorites

Antarctica is the best place to study and study meteorites. The first meteorite was discovered in 1912. Today, Antarctica is recognized as a natural gallery of various types of meteorites.

There is no standard time

In Antarctica, it is impossible to set a standard time, so scientists living at the stations follow the clock rhythms of their country.

Global warming

Antarctica is facing serious consequences of global warming and ozone depletion. If the melting of the ice sheet continues at this rate, one far from perfect day, water will flood the entire Earth. Global warming and ozone depletion are also causing the extinction of penguins and many other Antarctic species. Thus, we must take measures that will help reduce ozone depletion and prevent global warming.

Video: Mainland Antarctica ....

The trip was interesting, bright, and I immediately decided that I would definitely take my young friends to the South Pole as well. But I had no idea what we were going to do there.

Yes, there are penguins there, yes, this is the coldest place on the planet, but can you really go far on such a mean base. But as soon as I immersed myself in the topic of Antarctica, started reading articles about this place, all the questions of what to do at the South Pole disappeared by themselves. This is just an amazing place, very multifaceted, original and absolutely delightful for anyone who is looking for knowledge and adventure. And if you are one of those, then read on, I will tell you everything I know and show you how interesting it is to present new information to children.

1. Presentation and map. Intelligence!

It is better to start all geographical studies by looking at the map, finding the place where we are now and the place where we are going. Just as immediately, it seems to me, it is necessary to acquaint children with the main features of the subject being studied, and this is best done by means of presentation. I prepared about a dozen photos on the theme of Antarctica, which eloquently showed everything that I was going to tell the guys soon. If someone needs this collection, then leave your mail in the comments, I will reset it to you.

2. Day-Night! Activity!

As at the North Pole, at the South Pole, day reigns for half a year, and night reigns for half a year. Everyone liked the active running game from the last lesson, so this time I also used it. On the word "day" everyone runs in different directions, and on the word "night" everyone gathers in one place. It is also ideal to turn the light on and off :-)

3. Summer-Winter! Activity, sorting!

Both at the North and at the South Pole, there are only two seasons: summer and winter. Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth, although it seems to be in the south :-) The lowest temperature that has been recorded by scientists is -89 degrees Celsius, brrr...

In summer, the temperature reaches -15 -25 degrees, which is also somewhat cool :-) But it is thanks to the eternal frost that massive glaciers, which are the largest reservoirs of drinking water in the world, do not melt.

In order to touch this topic with the children at least a little, I prepared a sorting game. In the bag I had summer and winter cards (I found them in Google for winter bingo and summer bingo, there are a lot of different ones). The task of the guys was to understand what season, for example, a mug of cocoa, a swimsuit or a figure skater, and hang the card on the appropriate level on a clothespin.

4. Penguins! Creation!

The South and North Poles are similar in many ways, including the fact that on both you can observe the aurora - sparkling pictures in the black sky of the night. This fact, as well as the visiting card of Antarctica - penguins, I suggested to the children to beat creatively. The first thing we did was wet the paper with clean water.

We tried to paint without sparing water. And the wet drawing was generously sprinkled with salt.

If you do not overdo it with water, then shaking off excess salt, you can immediately start painting over the templates. I cut out little penguins, and the kids painted over the empty space with black gouache.

Well, and the last nuance - white tummies, here - the Antarctic picture is ready :-) Many creators added more salt after the end to make it snow :-)

And here is another idea for an Antarctic craft. Kamilka's homework :-)

5. Penguin eggs! Activity!

It was impossible to part with the penguins so easily, therefore, in order to reinforce the theme a little that they are birds, although they do not fly, they also carry eggs, thus breeding offspring. They live in large families and choose a couple for life. And only the males sit on the eggs. Well, the kids and I played testicle rescue. I drew footprints on a long piece of wallpaper. The task was to follow the drawings one by one (somewhere on one leg, jumping somewhere) and bring a penguin egg (kinder) on a spoon in your teeth to your destination :-) We played a lot of fun!

6. Scientists! Fine motor skills, sensory sensations!

Antarctica, unlike the Arctic, is the mainland, most of the once unified land of Gondwana. This continent is the only one that does not belong to anyone, and on which people do not live. The only people who spend any time in this harsh climate are scientists who come to the South Pole in search of new knowledge, including about that fertile land rich in plants and animals that Antarctica was before Gondwana broke. . The most common way to study is to cut ice cylinders, the study of which can lead to interesting discoveries or unexpected finds.

My kids also looked for secrets in ice icicles, which were made from IKEA silicone molds. In the middle of each was an unusual pebble, for this I froze the ice in two stages. Young scientists thawed their mini-cylinders with warm water, salt, syringes and spoons. And we were very proud of the finds :-)

7. Meteorites! Fine motor skills!

Antarctica is the leader in meteorite finds! And this is not surprising, because it is always easier to notice black on white than, for example, on green or brown :-) Scientists are very actively studying all the finds. So my young researchers took the liberty of delivering samples to the research center. I prepared two boxes of material for them: in one, dry snow from semolina and salt, and in the second, my favorite mixture of starch and sunflower oil. Each box contains a bunch of meteorite stones, you can’t touch them with your hands, you need to use tools. For a dry mixture - sieving strainers from a fixed price for tea, and for a thick one - tongs, also from a fixed price.

And this is our research station - a box with cells, it was possible to fasten several containers for eggs, but I found a ready-made construction from under chocolate hares :-)

8. Volcanoes. Experiences!

Antarctica, despite the cold, is also known for its active volcanoes. Erebus is the largest of them. And this is what I recreated for the kids with the help of wet soda tightly packed in a plastic cup. We caused an eruption with apple cider vinegar tinted with watercolors, first with pipettes, and then scooped with spoons :-) And, of course, this was the most spectacular part of our adventure :-)

9. Dry valleys and astronauts. Activity!

There are amazing places at the South Pole - dry valleys, where, according to scientists, no precipitation has fallen for more than 2 million years. Animals do not survive there, there is bare land and frozen salt lakes. This is the largest and driest desert in the world, even the Sahara is far from it. The unusual climate of this place attracts astronauts here, because it is somewhat similar to the climate of Mars, and it is here that new NASA models are periodically tested. With children, we beat this information with the help of balloons, on which they drew their astronauts. The task was not to let the balls fall to the floor as long as possible!

10. Aurora Borealis! Impression!

Well, the last thing we did with my young explorers was create our own aurora borealis with sparklers in the dark! There was, of course, a lot of squeak, visa and enthusiasm :-)

Our adventure ended, but the game evening continued. The children could not part with Antarctica in any way, and once they felt like scientists, they no longer wanted to part with this role, so they played with snow boxes for a long time, mixed their composition, added them to soda volcanoes ... And most of the children also asked to take the resulting chemical compositions to our house, and we wrapped them pieces of the South Pole in boxes for food :-)))
Here is such a bright journey-adventure we got! I would be very happy if our script is useful to you! Bright games and unforgettable impressions!

To acquaint children with the names of parts of the world, with the location of the parts of the world on the globe. To form an idea about Antarctica, the history of its discovery, the life of people there. To acquaint with the features of nature, its similarities and differences with the nature of the Arctic; with the adaptability of animals to living in conditions of cold and ice.

Download:

Preview:

GCD for children of senior preschool age using ICT "Antarctica"

Tasks: To acquaint children with the names of the parts of the world, with the location of the parts of the world on the globe. To form an idea about Antarctica, the history of its discovery, the life of people there. To acquaint with the features of nature, its similarities and differences with the nature of the Arctic; with the adaptability of animals to living in conditions of cold and ice.

Have you heard of Little Penguin?

And he is in the Far North, on the Extreme Ice Floe,

Without boots, frustrated, standing in the snow to the waist -

He went to dinner with Grandma and mixed up the pole.

I got to the North Pole, but I wanted to go to the South Pole,

And here he stands, confused and, it seems, with a cold.

In the Extreme North, in the Extreme Ice Floe,

Where there were no penguins before,

Where are millions of icebergs, and maybe even thousands,

Where no Granny Penguin can find,

Penguin stands abandoned, alone in the wilderness of the Arctic

And nothing good is expected in practice.

But then the Sun warmed up, and the Ice floe broke away,

And she brought Penguin to Grandma in Antarctica.

And the story didn't end so badly.

Grandmother was delighted, she groaned with joy:

"Well, there are always incidents! You act like a little one!

You go on a trip and forget your boots!"

Then the Penguin had dinner and finally understood:

"Of course, it's great to walk on your own!

Such an adventure will be useful to me in life:

I can now, please, where you want to get lost,

At least on his own, at least together with Grandma ... Although, perhaps, it’s better for her

Walking in the Far North only in the Extreme Case.

Do you know what a pole is? (children's answers)

Examining the globe (there are 2 places marked in white)

Why is it white? (slide 2) (in these places snow and ice lie and do not melt all year round; in the north, eternal ice covers the water of the Arctic Ocean, and at the other end of the Earth many kilometers of ice covers the earth - this is Antarctica)

The teacher shows our country, our city on the globe. We recall what is depicted on the globe in blue, green, yellow, brown (seas, rivers, lakes, forests, deserts and mountains). We show and name parts of the world (Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, America). (slide 3)

Previously, there were no spacecraft from which you can see our Earth from above. There were no planes that could fly many, many kilometers without stopping. There were no strong icebreaker ships that break ice floes with their bows. And only on sailing ships did people go in search of new lands.

And many, many years ago, two sailing ships Vostok and Mirny left a small town near St. Petersburg, with commanders navigators Bellingshausen and Lazarev (slide 4). Neither storms nor fogs could stop the sailors, and six months later, Russian sailors saw the land, all covered with ice of extraordinary height. This was Antarctica (slide 5). For more than three months, sailors sailed along the coast of Antarctica, and bypassed almost all of it.

Now research stations of different countries are operating in Antarctica (slide 6). Above each station is the flag of the country that built it. Very brave, courageous people work at the stations. Scientists have found that Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth, as well as a place where very strong winds constantly blow. On large ships they bring the most necessary things for the life of people in this cold place (collapsible houses, food, clothes, small planes and tractor-tractors).

Antarctica is a huge part of the land, which is washed by the seas on all sides. In the center there is a thick, thick layer of ice, and along the edges, closer to the coast, there is less ice, and in the warm season it melts.

Huge pieces of ice - icebergs - float in the seas of Antarctica (slide 7). They can swim very far, they are driven by wind and water. Above the water, not the largest part of the iceberg is visible, the largest part is underwater. Icebergs are dangerous for ships; a collision will result in a shipwreck.

Despite the fact that it is very cold in Antarctica, many animals live there. Almost all of them are connected with the sea.

There are a lot of seabirds in Antarctica, especially gulls (slide 8).

What do these birds eat? (fish)

Octopuses swim in the seas, whales that eat small crustaceans, seals, sea leopards with spotted skin (slide 9), fur seals (slide 10). Sea otters are listed in the Red Book (slide 11). They have very warm fur that keeps them warm.

Seals push large fish ashore and eat them (slide 12). All winter they spend under water, gnaw holes in the ice to rise and get some air. The largest seal is called the elephant seal, and there are also crabeater seals.

Penguins live here - very unusual birds (slide 13). They cannot fly, but they are excellent swimmers. In water, they are very dexterous, unlike land. Their wings are paddle-like, unlike other birds. Penguins are different: there are large (royal), and there are small (adele) (slide 14). All penguins have warm fur coats made of feathers and down. They are also kept warm by a very thick layer of fat. They do not freeze either in the cold water of the sea, or in severe frost on land. To keep warm, penguins gather together in groups. Baby penguins are placed in the middle so that they do not freeze (slide 15).

Penguins eat fish caught in the ocean. They love to jump into the water and jump back to the shore. They move very well on their belly. They build nests from stones (slide 16).

Why not build from branches? (no trees or shrubs)

The mother penguin lays an egg, which the father penguin hides between his legs to keep it warm. At this time, mother goes to the sea to eat. Leopard seals prey on penguins.

Why is it said that penguins wear tailcoats? (they are black and white, as if they were wearing a white shirt and a black suit)

Penguins live only in Antarctica (South Pole), while polar bears live in the Arctic (North Pole).

And so: at the South Pole is Antarctica. There is a lot of snow and ice here and it is always very cold, so cold that people cannot live here permanently. But there are animals, almost all of them live on the seashore. These animals feel great in cold sea water, and on ice, and on snow.