The aristocracy of the "gray wolves. In the United States, the last rocket man from the von Braun team died

Ever since the time of the Kaiser's fleet, German aristocrats have not disdained service in submarines. The submariner's career attracted barons and counts, many of whom became submarine commanders. A similar situation could be observed in the ranks of the Kriegsmarine submariners. As in the time of the Kaiser, among them were many offspring of aristocratic families with the prefix "fon", some of which became famous and became underwater aces. It is quite problematic to list all the aristocrats who served with Dönitz within the framework of the article, so the story is about the most striking of them.

Barons von Forstner

In the history of the German submarine, this aristocratic family left its own special mark, since as many as three barons von Forstner commanded submarines in both world wars. During World War I, Georg-Günther Freiherr von Forstner commanded the submarine U 28 for two years and sank 24 ships with a total tonnage of 54,587 gross tons. It was U 28 that was the very boat that became known as "sunk by truck", and von Forstner was her first commander. The brother of Georg-Günther was General of Infantry Ernst von Forstner (Ernst Freiherr von Forstner), Knight of the Order of Pour-la-Merit. His sons Siegfried and Wolfgang-Friedrich subsequently followed in their uncle's footsteps, becoming submarine officers in the Kriegsmarine.

Baron Siegfried von Forstner - commander of U 402, holder of the Knight's Cross (http://uboatarchive.net)

Siegfried Freiherr von Forstner was born on September 19, 1910. On April 1, 1930, he began his service in the Reichsmarine. On October 1, 1934, he was awarded the rank of lieutenant of the zur see after completing his training and practice. From April 1 to July 31, 1940, the baron studied at the Diving School in Neustadt and completed the courses for submarine commanders in Memel. From October 11, 1940 to April 16, 1941, he commanded the training boat U 59 in the Baltic.

On April 17, 1941, Siegfried von Forstner was appointed commander of the boat U 402 of the VIIC series, which was being completed, which entered the fleet on May 21 of the same year. Later, he made eight trips to the Atlantic on it, where he especially distinguished himself in attacks on convoys SC-107 and SC-118. Von Forstner sank 14 ships at 70,434 GRT (including the Soviet ship Ashgabat) and a US Navy patrol ship, and damaged three vessels at 28,682 GRT. For his successes on February 9, 1943, he was awarded the Knight's Cross. On October 13, Siegfried von Forstner died in the Atlantic along with his boat, sunk by planes from the USS Card escort aircraft carrier.

Wolfgang-Friedrich Freiherr von Forstner was born on October 3, 1916. On April 1, 1937, he began serving in the Kriegsmarine. On August 1, 1939, after graduating from training and passing practice, he, like his brother, was awarded the rank of lieutenant of the zur see. From September 1939 to February 1942 he served in the Luftwaffe naval aviation units.

U 402 returned from a campaign during which Siegfried von Forstner was awarded the Knight's Cross. On the cabin of the boat are the numbers of the declared tonnage by von Forstner. Photo taken February 23, 1943 (http://uboatarchive.net)

In March 1942, von Forstner transferred to serve in the submarine, and after completing his training in September of the same year, he was appointed watch officer on the combat submarine U 572, on which he made two trips to the Atlantic. In March 1943, von Forstner was appointed commander of the VIIC U 472 series boat, which was being completed on May 26 of the same year. After six months of training in the Baltic, the boat was assigned to the 11th combat submarine flotilla, which operated from Norwegian bases in the waters of the Arctic.

The boat U 472 made two trips to the Barents and Norwegian Seas to act against Arctic convoys. She was sunk on March 4 of the same year in the Barents Sea by the British destroyer HMS Onslaught and the Swordfish aircraft from the escort aircraft carrier HMS Chaser. The boat commander was taken prisoner with part of his crew. In November 1947, von Forstner was released and sent to Germany. After the formation of the Bundesmarine, Wolfgang-Friedrich continued his naval career, rising to the rank of frigate captain. The youngest of the submariner brothers died on September 24, 1999 in Hamburg.

Baron von Schlippenbach

Egon Reiner von Schlippenbach was born on April 10, 1914. On April 1, 1934, he began his service in the Reichsmarine. On April 1, 1937, he was awarded the rank of lieutenant zur see after completing his training and practice. Until September 1938, von Schlippenbach served as an artillery officer on the battleship Schleswig-Holstein, and then taught artillery science for a year at naval artillery and diving schools.

Baron Egon Rainer von Schlippenbach, commander of U 453, on the day he was awarded the Knight's Cross.

In October 1939, von Schlippenbach was appointed watch officer on U 18, on which he made four combat campaigns. From April to September 1940, he was trained at the torpedo firing and communications courses in Mürwik and trained in the 1st submarine training division in Neustadt with a month's practice as a watch officer at training U 3. On November 23 of the same year, von Schlippenbach was appointed watch officer at U 101 , on which he made two trips to the Atlantic. On March 14, 1941, he was sent to command courses in Memel, followed by appointment as commander of the training boat U 121.

On July 9, 1941, he was appointed commander of U 453, on which he made 14 campaigns, 13 of which were in the Mediterranean. The boat sank four ships with a total tonnage of 15,850 gross tons and a British minesweeper, and damaged two ships with a total tonnage of 16,610 tons and a British destroyer. For his successes, von Schlippenbach was awarded the Knight's Cross on November 19, 1943.

The commander of U 453 is also famous for being the only German submarine commander to torpedo a hospital ship without seeing the latter's markings. According to unverified reports, upon the return of U 453 to the base for this attack, von Schlippenbach was tried by a military tribunal, but managed to justify himself.

Hospital ship Somersetshire torpedoed by U 453 von Schlippenbach on 7 April 1942 (http://greatwarnurses.blogspot.com)

On December 7, 1943, von Schlippenbach was transferred to the reserve of the 29th submarine flotilla, and then appointed as a staff officer of the commander-in-chief of the Kriegsmarine. On July 15, 1944, he was transferred to the post of teaching officer at the Schleswig Naval School, where he also commanded a company of cadets. On March 23, 1945, von Schlippenbach became an officer of the headquarters of the 1st Marine Division, with which he surrendered to the Americans on May 9.

After being released from captivity, the baron returned to Germany and in 1956 continued his career as a naval officer in the Bundesmarine. Baron von Schlippenbach retired with the rank of captain zur see in September 1972. The former submariner died on May 11, 1979 in Kiel.

Baron von Tiesenhausen

Hans-Diedrich Freiherr von Tiesenhausen was born on February 22, 1913 in Riga. April 1, 1934 began service in the Reichsmarine. On April 1, 1937, he was awarded the rank of lieutenant zur see after completing his training and practice. After completing anti-aircraft gunners courses at the School of Coastal Artillery in Wilhelmshaven, he served on the light cruiser Nuremberg (Nürnberg). In March 1938, the baron was transferred to Pillau to serve in the coastal artillery units of the Kriegsmarine. In October-December 1939, von Tiesenhausen was trained at the Diving School in Kiel, after which on December 23 of the same year he was appointed officer of the watch on U 23, commanded by Otto Kretschmer (Otto Kretschmer).

Baron Hans-Dietrich von Tiesenhausen, commander of U 331

Together with Kretschmer, von Tizenhausen made three campaigns, and then, after the latter left U 23, another campaign with a different commander. On May 6, 1940, the baron was sent to a monthly torpedo training course in Mürvik, and then transferred to the headquarters of the 1st submarine flotilla in Kiel. On July 30, 1940, von Tiesenhausen was appointed the first shift officer on the new boat U 93 of the VIIC series, on which he made two trips to the Atlantic.

In January 1941, von Tiesenhausen was sent to courses for submarine commanders in Memel, after which he was assigned to the boat of the VIIC U 331 series, which was being completed, which entered the fleet on March 31 of the same year. From July 1941 to September 1942, von Tiesenhausen made nine campaigns on U 331, the lion's share of which fell on the Mediterranean Sea. There he achieved outstanding success when, on November 25, 1941, he attacked the British squadron and sank the battleship Barham. For this attack, von Tiesenhausen was awarded the Knight's Cross on January 27, 1942.

The next, tenth, campaign was the last for U 331: on November 17, 1942, off the coast of Algeria, she was attacked and seriously damaged by British aircraft, and then finished off by a torpedo from one of the Albacores from the HMS Formidable aircraft carrier. Together with most of his crew, von Tizenhausen was taken prisoner and was sent first to England and then to Canada.

Bow torpedo tubes U 331 von Tiesenhausen with a pattern in the form of a silhouette of the battleship "Barham" sunk from them (http://www.torpedo-los.narod.ru)

In 1947 he was released and returned to war-torn Germany. The former underwater ace was forced to work as a carpenter and make furniture. Not finding himself in this capacity, von Tizenhausen emigrated to Canada. There he lived near Vancouver, working as an interior designer and perfecting his hobby as a nature photographer. The Barham winner died on August 17, 2000 in Vancouver.

Count von Soden-Fraunhofen

Ulrich von Soden-Fraunhofen was born on August 2, 1913 in Friedrichshafen. April 3, 1936 began service in the Kriegsmarine. On October 1, 1938, after completing his studies and internship, the count was awarded the rank of lieutenant of the zur see. From the beginning of the war, he served on minesweepers, including as an adjutant to the commander of the 16th minesweeper flotilla. In July 1940, he became commander of the 40th Minesweeper Flotilla, and in November he was transferred to the same position in the 12th Minesweeper Flotilla.

In April 1941, von Soden-Fraunhofen parted ways with the minesweepers and began training at the Diving School. In October he was assigned as watchman on Erich Topp's U 552, with whom he took part in two trips to the Atlantic when Topp sank the American destroyer USS Reuben James. In March 1942, von Soden-Fraunhofen was sent to courses for submarine commanders in Memel, and on May 25 of the same year he received a brand new "seven" U 624 at the shipyard, becoming its commander.

After completing a course of training and testing in the Baltic, U 624 left Kiel on October 10, 1942 for the first campaign. It lasted 56 days, and during this time the offspring of the Bavarian aristocrats showed off the real talent of the commander: attacking the convoys HX-212 and ONS-144, U 624 sank four ships with a total tonnage of 34,734 gross tons and damaged another one for 5432 gross tons.

The "teacher" of underwater aristocrats is the commander of U 552 Erich Topp. During his command of the boat, Baron Ulrich von Soden-Fraunhofen and Baron Walter von Freiberg-Eisenberg-Almendingen, who later became commanders of combat submarines, served as officers of the watch (https://commons.wikimedia.org)

The victims of U 624 included the Norwegian whaling mother ship Kosmos II (Kosmos II) at 16,966 brt, which was used by the Allies as a tanker. This huge ship, carrying 21,000 tons of oil and three LCT landing craft, was torpedoed and damaged by U 606 in the early hours of October 28, 1942. The mother ship slowed down and followed the convoy for almost a day, until a torpedo from U 624 broke it in half. The floating base entered the top twenty of the largest ships sunk by German submarines in the Battle of the Atlantic.

U 624 began its second and last campaign on January 7, 1943. This time, von Soden-Fraunhofen was successful again: on 25 January he successfully attacked convoy SC-117 and sank one ship at 5112 GRT, but then the count's luck turned against him. The aggressive and successful commander perished along with his entire crew when U 624 was sunk on 7 February 1943 by the British Flying Fortress of 220 Squadron RAF. Ulrich von Soden-Fraunhofen was a capable submariner and had all the qualities to do better and become a real underwater ace, but fortunately for the Allies, they managed to eliminate him before the German radio could trumpet the decoration of the commander of U 624 with the Knight's Cross.

In conclusion, it should be noted that in the Kriegsmarine submarine, about two dozen barons and counts commanded submarines, but their high origin did not give them any privileges, so they pulled the submariner's strap along with everyone else. About half of them died in the Atlantic, while the rest managed to survive the war. Some of the former aristocratic submariners came to serve in the German Navy, continuing the tradition of Barons von Forstner and Lothar von Arno de la Perrier.

Literature:

Blair S. Hitler's U-boat War. The Hunters, 1939–1942 - Random House, 1996
Blair S. Hitler's U-boat War. The Hunted, 1942–1945 - Random House, 1998
Busch R., Roll H.-J. German U-boat Commanders of World War II - Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1999
Busch R., Roll H.-J. Der U-boot-Krieg 1939–1945. Deutsche Uboot-Erfolge von September 1939 bis Mai 1945. Band 3 - Hamburg-Berlin-Bonn, Verlag E.S. Mittler & Sohn, 2001
Niestlé A. German U-Boat Losses during World War II: Details of Destruction – Frontline Books, 2014
Paterson L. U-Boats in the Mediterranean: 1941–1944 - Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 2007
Wynn K. U-Boat Operations of the Second World War. Vol.1-2 - Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1998
http://www.uboat.net
http://www.uboatarchive.net
http://historisches-marinearchiv.de

Tiesenhausen (Tiesenhausen) Hans Dietrich von (22.2.1913, Riga, Russian Empire - 17.8.2000, Vancouver, Canada), baron, submarine officer, captain-lieutenant (1.1.1942). On September 26, 1934, he entered the fleet as a cadet. Dec. 1939 transferred to the submarine fleet and assigned 2nd mate to U-23, commanded by Lieutenant Commander O. Kretschmer. T. participated in 3 combat patrols, during which the boat sank 5 ships and a destroyer. Since July 1940 1st assistant commander of U-93. Made 2 trips with it. On March 31, 1941, he was appointed commander of U-331. He made 9 military campaigns on it. 11/25/1941 sank the English battleship "Ber-ham" in the area of Tobruk (North Africa) with 3 torpedoes. Despite the heavy damage that the boat received, attacked by escort ships, T. managed to get away from the chase and return to base. On 12/7/1941 he was awarded the Iron Cross 1st class, and on 1/27/1941 - the Knight's Cross. For "Berham" B. Mussolini awarded T. Italy's highest military award - the Gold Medal for Bravery. 11/17/1942 surrendered command of the boat. During the war he sank 4 ships with a total tonnage of 40,687 tons. After the war, T. was interned in the UK, and then 3 years in Canada. In 1947 he returned to Germany, worked as a carpenter. In the fall of 1951 he moved permanently to Canada. Lived in Vancouver.

Materials used book: Who was who in the Third Reich. Biographical encyclopedic dictionary. M., 2003

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Tizenhausen N

(1771) class rank. (1771) [Stepanov V.P. Russian service nobility 2nd half. 18th century SPb., 2000: years. 71-209 92-126 93-130 94-137 95-144 96-155]

Tizenhausen N

(1864) in 1864 baroness shareholder of the Company of Knauf Mining Plants in the Urals in 1864 (3 shares).

Tizenhausen N

bar. (1919) to 1919 Cornet. In the Russian Western Army. 1919 sent for negotiations with the VSYUR [Volkov S.V. Officers of the arm.kav. M., 2002]

Tizenhausen N

bar. (1919) in 1919 Lieutenant. In the Northwestern Army, in 1919.12. in the Horse Chasseurs Regiment [Volkov S.V. Officers of the arm.kav. M., 2002]

Tizenhausen N

gf. (1918) in 1918 Lieutenant of the Life Guards. Lancers of His Majesty's Regiment. In the Northwestern Army. [Volkov S.V. Officers of the Russian Guards M., 2002]

Tizenhausen N

Reichsgf. (18?) Counts of the Roman Empire double coat of arms included in the General Armorial Part XII, 39

Tizenhausen Adam Johann

(1765) class rank (1765) [Stepanov V.P. Russian service nobility 2nd half. 18th century SPb., 2000: years. 65-120.123 66-156 67-173.176 68-178 69-202]

Tizenhausen Adolf

background (1867) graduate of the cadet in 1867 of the Mikhailovsky military school

Tizenhausen Alexander

(2nd) (1831) graduate in 1831 of the Mikhailovsky Artillery Academy

Tizengauzen Alexander Nikolaevich

(1915.10.15--,1999) as of 1999.08.12 resident: Ukraine, Chernihiv

Tizenhausen Alexander Ottokarovich

bar. (1918 - 1924.12.25 in Novi Sad, Yugoslavia) son of a major general. Staff Captain of the Life Guards. Volyn regiment. In the Armed Forces of the South of Russia, 1919.10. commander of the 3rd company of the battalion of the Life Guards. Volynsky regiment in the 3rd consolidated guards regiment. Member of the Bredovsky campaign. Captain. Evacuated in 1919.12. - 1920.03 .. May 1920 in Yugoslavia. Returned to the Crimea? Colonel. Mind. 1924.12.25 in Novi Sad (Yugoslavia). [Volkov S.V. Officers of the Russian Guards M., 2002]

Tiesenhausen Alfred Alfr.

bar. von (1909) in 1909 the staff captain of the cavalry [General sp.offic. to 1909. See section]

Tizenhausen Alfred Alfredovich

bar. (1872--, 1901) Nicholas Cavalry School 1901. Captain of the 6th Lancers Regiment. In the VSYUR and the Russian Army before the evacuation of the Crimea. Colonel. Evacuated from Yalta by ship. On 1921.02.14 in the Canrobert camp (st. Macrikey) in Romania. Wife Olga Pavlovna (Ivanovna) b. 1883, children Konstantin 1910, Margarita 1913, Olga [Volkov S.V. Officers of the arm.kav. M., 2002]

Tizenhausen Anatoly Pavlovich

bar. background (1909) in 1909 lieutenant of the field engineer battalion [gen.sp.offic. to 1909. See section]

Tyzenhausen Andrey Ivanovich

(1792) class rank. (1792) [Stepanov V.P. Russian service nobility 2nd half. 18th century SPb., 2000: years. 92-125 93-128 94-136]

Tizenhausen Anna

(1787.02.11--1855.09.21, † Yamburg, urban settlement) [Sheremetevsky V. Russian provincial necropolis. T.1. M., 1914]

Tizenhausen Anna Magdalena Juliana

(von Tiesenhausen) bar. background (ur.bar.fon Vietinghoff / von Vietinghoff) (Estland 3 (or 19,†Rome, Testaccio). 3.1814-Rome 1894.01.16,†Rome, Testaccio) widow of the secretary of the Estonian knighthood of the county deputy of the knighthood Baron Herman Gustav Andreas von Tizenhausen (1801-1871) together with his granddaughter Baroness M. M. Sh. von Tizengauzen , Note: Genealogisches Handbuch der Baltischen Ritterschaften. Teil Eastland. Band I. Goerlitz, 1929. S. 400-401 Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels. Band 27. Limburg an der Lahn, 1962. S. 391-393) [Testaccio. M., 2000]

Tizenhausen Anton Ivanovich

(1752--1830.05.17) gene.-from-infantry.

Tiesenhausen Berndt-Heinrich

bar. Reichsgf. (1759.04.16-) (1703-1789) Estonian Landsrat, elevated on 1759.04.16 to the count of the Roman Empire.

Tiesenhausen Bertha

bar. background (named after Itfer of the Wesenberg district, Estland 27.5./1842.06.08 - Rome 1898.03.03,†Rome, Testaccio) daughter of the secretary of the Estonian knighthood, county deputy of the knighthood Baron Herman Gustav Andreas von Tizenhausen (1801-1871) . Daughter of Baroness A. M. Yu. von Tizenhausen. Note: Genealogisches Handbuch der Baltischen Ritterschaften. Teil Eastland. Band I. Goerlitz, 1929. S. 400-401, Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels. Band 27. Limburg an der Lahn, 1962. S. 391-393 [Testaccio. M., 2000]

Tizenhausen Anthony

(1733--1785.03.31) 1761 was elected from Grodno. to the Sejm in Warsaw, 1763 clerk ON. 1764 equestrian ON and the Order of St. Stanislav, and when Joseph Mosalsky died in 1765, the king handed over to Anthony the starostvo of Grodno and the milking of the yard treasury of the GDL, who was then the chief manager of the dining lands-savings of the king, directly supervised the Shavelsk and Grodno economies, set about implementing grandiose plans, not realizing that such a colossal reform aimed at the economy. the revival of the ON, even with large funds, cannot be carried out in a given short time. However, he undertook the implementation of his plans with extraordinary energy: he replaced the chinsh with corvée in the villages and restored farmsteads. On his initiative, over 20 manufactories were founded in Grodno, Brest and the suburbs, mainly for the production of woolen fabrics, but the products, mainly luxury goods, did not find a market. For foreign craftsmen, about 20 houses in the late Baroque style were built in Grodno. The palace was built in the same style. In 1769-1780 Antony's opera and ballet troupe performed in Grodno. A monument to urban planning is a complex of 85 buildings in Gorodnitsa near Grodno, built on the initiative of Anthony. The conditions of the Dutch Aim were not met. 1776 After checks, the king removed Anthony in 1780 and transferred the management of the economy to Rzhevussky. At the diets of 1780, 1782, 1784, a number of Anthony's abuses were revealed, didn't they? thanks to the king's zacitation, Antony was relieved of his financial debt and provided him with a pension of treasury. However, he fell seriously ill and died in Warsaw in poverty. He was buried in the Zheludok estate in the family tomb.

Tizenhausen Boris

(1795) class rank. (1795) [Stepanov V.P. Russian service nobility 2nd half. 18th century SPb., 2000: years. 95-67 96-76]

Tizengauzen V.F.

gf. (1845--19) chamberlain()

Tizengauzen Vasily Gustavovich

background (1854) [Commemorative book of Russian history 1854]

Tizengauzen Vasily Evstafievich

(1785) class rank. (1785) [Stepanov V.P. Russian service nobility 2nd half. 18th century SPb., 2000: years. 85-434 86-361 87-3 73 88-344 89-302 90-314 96-421]

Tizenhausen Vasily Karlovich

(Wilhelm - Sigismund) (1781-1857.10.25, 1853.12.25,† Narva) Decembrist, colonel, commander of the Poltava infantry regiment.

Tizenhausen Vasily Petrovich

bar. (1918,1921) Cornet. In the VSYUR and the Russian Army before the evacuation of the Crimea. Gallipoli. In 1921.02. in the Reserve Cavalry Division. Wife Elena Ivanovna [Volkov S.V. Officers of the arm.kav. M., 2002]

Tizengauzen Vladimir Georgievich

(1909) in 1909 the captain of the fortress artillery [gen. sp. official. to 1909. See section]

Tizenhausen Vladimir Gustavovich

(1825--1902.11.02) Russian orientalist, historian, archaeologist and numismatist.

Tizenhausen Vladimir Petrovich

bar. (October 1, 1865 - 1913) officer of the 147th infantry regiment of Samara captain (June 7, 1904) commander of the 2nd company (April 21, 1904). From the hereditary nobles of the Vilna province. Orthodox religion. Member of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 [RGVIA. F.408. Op.1. D.5984]

Tizenhausen G. B.

gf. (1703--1789) chamberlain(1783-)

Tizengauzen G. Yu.

bar. (1843--19) chamberlain(1902-)

Tizenhausen Gastfsr

(1766) class rank. (1766) [Stepanov V.P. Russian service nobility 2nd half. 18th century SPb., 2000: years. 66-159 68-181 69-205 70-207]

Tizenhausen Heinrich

(1520-1600) a politician and historiographer, a Livonian landowner, during the years of the Livonian War P558-1583) led a part of the Livonian knighthood, which passed into Polish citizenship, defending [!kovichka] class privileges of local landowners before the authorities of the Commonwealth.

Tizenhausen Heinrich

(1774) class rank. (1774) [Stepanov V.P. Russian service nobility 2nd half. 18th century SPb., 2000: years. 74-7 75-8 76-11 77-1 1 78-10 79-8 80-8 81-6 82-6 83-6 84-5 85-4 86-4 87-4 88-5 89-5 90 -5 91-4 93-3 94-3 95-3 96-3]

Tiesenhausen Heinrich-Behrendt

gf. (1703--1789.01.06) Acting chamberlain (1783) Chamber junker from 1774, dignity granted to count of the Roman Empire on 16/1759.04.27. Active Privy Councilor, Estonian Landrat.

Tizenhausen Georg

(1524) in 1524 Bishop of Revel in 1524

Tizenhausen Georg Johann

(1770) class rank. (1770) [Stepanov V.P. Russian service nobility 2nd half. 18th century SPb., 2000: years. 70-203 72-210 85-418 86-349]

Tizenhausen Georg-Kaspar

(1770) class rank. (1770) [Stepanov V.P. Russian service nobility 2nd half. 18th century SPb., 2000: years. ]

Tizengauzen Georgy Sergeevich

bar. (1918 - 1963.10.24 in Frankfurt, Germany) Lieutenant of the Life Guards. 2nd artillery brigade. In the Volunteer Army and VSYUR, from 1919.01. in the battery of his brigade in the Consolidated Guards Regiment. Member of the Bredovsky campaign. Captain. On May-1920.07.20 in Yugoslavia. Captain. In exile by 1931-1932 in France in the association of the Life Guards. 2nd Artillery Brigade. Mind. 1963.10.24 in Frankfurt (Germany). [Volkov S.V. Officers of the Russian Guards M., 2002]

Tizenhausen German Germanovich

bar. (1909) in 1909 cornet of the cavalry [gen.sp.off. to 1909. See section]

Tizenhausen Hermann Engelbrecht

bar. von (Munich 1874.10.07--18.3 (or 9/22.3,†Rome, Testaccio). 1909) mining engineer, son of a retired guard lieutenant, marine painter in Munich, member of the Imperial Academy of Arts . Grandson of the Baroness A. M. Yu. von Tizenhausen. Note: Genealogisches Handbuch der Baltischen Ritterschaften. Teil Eastland. Band I. Goerlitz, 1929. S. 400-401 Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels. Band 27. Limburg an der Lahn, 1962. S. 391-393) [Testaccio. M., 2000]

Tizenhausen Gotthard-Jan Yanovich-Gothardovich

(1620-1669) administrator of the Bishop of Vidensky, then Bishop of Smolensk

Tizenhausen Gustav Adolf

(1765) class rank (1765) [Stepanov V.P. Russian service nobility 2nd half. 18th century SPb., 2000: years. 65-119 66-155 67-172 68-177 69-201 70-202 71-204 72-211]

Tiesenhausen Dietloff

von (1601) in 1601 a nobleman from Livonia, who in 1601 joined the service of Boris Godunov.

Baron Hans Diedrich von Tizenhausen(German Hans Diedrich von Tiesenhausen; February 22, 1913, Riga, Russian Empire - August 17, 2000, Vancouver, Canada) - Ostsee baron from the Tiesenhausen family, submarine officer, Lieutenant Commander of the Kriegsmarine (January 1, 1942).

Biography

Before the revolution, the Tizenhausens were in the tsarist service. Hans Diedrich entered the fleet as a cadet on September 26, 1934. April 1, 1937 promoted to lieutenant.

The Second World War

In December 1939, he was transferred to the submarine fleet and assigned as second mate to U-23, commanded by Lieutenant Commander Otto Kretschmer. Von Tizenhausen shared Kretschmer's views on the tactics of using submarines, implying daring unexpected breakthroughs in guarding targets, followed by their sinking from a short distance.

Tizenhausen participated in three combat patrols, during which the boat sank five ships and a destroyer.

Since July 1940, the first assistant commander of U-93. Made two trips to it.

On March 31, 1941, he was appointed commander of U-331, on which he made 10 combat campaigns (having spent a total of 242 days at sea).

On November 25, 1941, he sank the English battleship Barham near Tobruk (North Africa) with three torpedoes. Despite the heavy damage that the boat received, attacked by escort ships, Tizenhausen managed to escape from the chase and return to base.

On December 7, 1941 he was awarded the Iron Cross 1st class, and on January 27, 1942 - the Knight's Cross. For Barham, Benito Mussolini awarded Tizenhausen with Italy's highest military award, the Gold Medal for Bravery.

In total, during the war, Tizenhausen sank 2 ships with a total tonnage of 40,235 gross tons and damaged 1 ship with a displacement of 372 gross tons.

November 17, 1942 U-331 was sunk. Tizenhausen and 15 other surviving members of the team were captured. He was initially held in a POW camp in the UK, and then for 3 years in Canada. In 1947 he returned to Germany and worked as a carpenter. In the fall of 1951 he moved permanently to Canada. Lived in Vancouver, worked as an interior designer and photographer.

Awards

Iron Cross 2nd Class (January 30, 1940)
Badge of a submariner (February 26, 1940)
Medal "In memory of March 22, 1939" ("Memel medal") (June 25, 1940)
Medal "In memory of October 1, 1938" ("Sudet's medal") (September 6, 1940)
Iron Cross 1st Class (December 7, 1940)
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (27 September 1942)
Mentioned in "Wehrmachtbericht" (November 26, 1941, January 27, 1942)

In the United States, Georg von Tizenhausen, a man who was called the last surviving engineer from the team of Wernher von Braun, who during the Second World War led the German and then the American space program, died.

Tiesenhausen died at his home in Alabama at the age of 104.

Tiesenhausen, born in 1914 in Riga, began his career in Peenemünde, the famous missile center of the Third Reich in northeastern Germany. It was here that the world's first V-2 ballistic missile, designed by Wernher von Braun, was created. Her first successful launch took place on October 3, 1942.

Tiesenhausen's career at Peenemünde began as head of department. A few years after the war, Tiesenhausen joined the team of von Braun, who by that time was working in Huntsville (Alabama) on the creation of the American space program. He managed to participate in the launch of the first American satellites and astronauts. While working at the George Marshall Space Flight Center, the engineer was involved in the design and

the creation of the famous rovers used by American astronauts during three lunar missions in 1971 and 1972.

Tiesenhausen was known as the main dreamer at the Marshall Center, working tirelessly to achieve his dream of establishing a permanent habitable base on the Moon and then on Mars. Tiesenhausen retired from the Marshall Center in 1986 after four decades devoted to the rocket industry, but after his dismissal he continued to work with the Center.

In 2011, Tiesenhausen, affectionately known as Von Tee, was honored by the first lunar astronaut, Neil Armstrong.

“He was and remains a man who has the experience of turning fantasies into reality,” Armstrong said at the time. "Dr. Von Tee is one of those rare people who has a natural ability to inspire, educate and motivate, and, more remarkably, carry on."

With that award, the management noted the outstanding innovative abilities of the engineer and his ongoing work with the younger generation. Tiesenhausen's other technical inventions included a mobile platform that allowed the giant Saturn V rocket to be moved to the launch pad.

In his interviews, Tiesenhausen repeatedly had to return to his past, connected with work in Nazi Germany. “Being inside Peenemünde was one of the biggest surprises of my life,” the engineer said in a television interview in the 1980s. -

From the age of 14, I knew exactly what I wanted to do for the rest of my life - to participate in rocket themes and space flights.

Unlike von Braun, who had joined the Nazi Party before World War II and served in the SS, Tiesenhausen did not start working in Peenemünde until 1943, shortly after graduating from the University of Hamburg, where he studied engineering after a short military service. He was drawn to the rocket issue to strengthen the Nazi regime with engineering cadres, when the authorities recalled thousands of engineers from the front line.

Tizenhausen initially worked on the design of test beds for V-2 engines, but by the end of the war he was involved in a secret project related to the development of mini-submarines capable of launching V-2 missiles at distant targets. “We wanted to give the V-2 a high range, say, to Manhattan. Not only one, but as many as possible, ”the engineer recalled.

However, the end of the war interfered with the plans of Nazi Germany, after which Washington launched Operation Paperclip to resettle hundreds of German scientists and engineers in the United States. Among them was von Braun, who arrived in the US in 1945 and settled in Huntsville in 1950. Three years later, Tizenhausen arrived here and became involved in the development of Redstone ballistic missiles for the army.

“After the war, I was lucky enough to be invited to the US to work on military systems, no matter how ridiculous. Tizenhausen recalled. “The early days at Peenemünde laid the foundation stone for what we did there. Our first Redstone rocket was just an improved V-2.

The people from Peenemünde were actually the creators of most of the concepts that we have today.”

At the same time, he recalled how ambiguously the United States sometimes treated German specialists. “There were certain ethnic groups—Jewish groups, mostly in the US—that were basically against us,” he recalled.

Tiesenhausen soon became known in NASA as a talented inventor, already in 1959 he proposed the idea of a lunar rover, which he called “catastrophe” because of the reaction of management to it.

However, just 12 years later, the first such lunomobile was already plowing the surface of the moon.

In subsequent years, he worked on a number of projects related to the Apollo program. And when President Ronald Reagan called him to participate in the Strategic Defense Initiative project, he refused. “I have principles,” he said. "I've worked too much on weapons in my life and I didn't want to have anything to do with it, especially with NASA."

In May 2015, it was reported in the United States that the last of von Braun's team, Oscar Holderer, who built the Saturn-V rocket, had died. This message forced Tiesenhausen to remind himself and write to The Huntsville Times newspaper: "I am still alive and floundering."

“We will miss him,” Huntsville Mayor Tommy Battle said of the scientist’s death. “He was the last of a generation of those who constantly reached for the stars.”