Ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army. Military ataman of the Kuban Cossack army in Abroad V.G.
Vice-Governor, Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army Cossack General Nikolai Doluda answers questions from the independent people's newspaper Volnaya Kuban.
Bio pages:
Nikolai Alexandrovich Doluda - Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army, Cossack General, Deputy Head of Administration (Governor) of the Krasnodar Territory.
In 1967-1971 he studied at the engineering college in the city of Sumy.
In 1976 he graduated from the Poltava Higher Military Anti-Aircraft Missile School, from 1983 to 1986 he was a student of the Military Academy of Air Defense Forces with a degree in combat operations management. Served in the Armed Forces for 28 years. In 1994 he was awarded the military rank of colonel.
From 1998 to 2001, Nikolai Doluda - Deputy Head - Head of the Administration of the Yeysk City Administration.
Since January 2001 - in the administration of the Krasnodar Territory: Deputy Chief of Staff, Head of the Social and Production Department of the Administration of the Krasnodar Territory, Manager of Affairs of the Administration of the Krasnodar Territory, Head of the Social and Production Department.
In 2004 he graduated from the State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education Rostov State University of Economics - RINH, economist-manager.
In 2006, he was appointed deputy governor of the Krasnodar Territory, manager of affairs.
He is a member of the farm Cossack society "Officer Cossack hundred of the Yekaterinodar Cossack department of the Kuban Cossack army."
In November 2007, he was elected ataman of the Kuban Cossack army by the military assembly of the Kuban Cossack army. This decision was approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated February 6, 2008.
By Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 12, 2009 No. 265, the ataman of the Kuban military Cossack society, Nikolai Alexandrovich Doluda, was awarded the highest rank of Cossack general.
Nikolai Alexandrovich, the tragic events in Anapa and Mingrelskaya literally shook the entire Kuban. These facts certainly testify to the offensive position of the Cossacks in our daily life, to the readiness for self-sacrifice, for a feat, laid down in the character of a Cossack for a long time!
You are right: the whole history of the Kuban Cossacks is the history of service in the name of Russia, in the name of protecting its interests and the welfare of the people. From childhood, the Cossack was brought up in an atmosphere of readiness for a feat, and if necessary, for self-sacrifice. A song that is very popular among the Cossacks has survived to this day, in which it directly says: “Didas could - their grandchildren zumiyut lay their heads for Russia!”
The Kuban Cossacks accomplished many feats. Let us recall at least the heroic deeds of our ancestors: Lev Tikhovsky, Andrei Grechishkin, Yefim Gorbatko ... At the cost of their own lives and the lives of hundreds of Cossacks, they repelled the raids of the Zakubans, thereby protecting their villages from destruction. Every year, we hold commemorations at the places of their death. We educate today's youth on such examples.
There is a place for a feat in the history of the modern Kuban Cossack army. Our Cossacks fought in Afghanistan, Transnistria, Chechnya, Abkhazia, South Ossetia. During the Georgian-Abkhazian conflict, our Cossack Anatoly Sidorenko covered a grenade with his body, thereby saving his colleagues.
Sergei Osminin, who died recently in Mingrelskaya from a bandit's bullet, is an example of courage and heroism. This is a real Cossack. Not everyone dares to negotiate with an armed criminal. And he, knowing that there were hostages in the house, without a moment's hesitation, came to the rescue. This is the clearest example of how the Kuban Cossacks relate to life.
You know that the head of the administration of the Krasnodar Territory, Alexander Nikolaevich Tkachev, has already signed a decree conferring the title of Hero of the Kuban to Sergei Osminin, and the award will have serial number 1. Cossack school No. 6 will be named after the Mingrelian ataman in his native village. lost for centuries!
Yes, our life position is active! But we don’t step on anyone - we just do everything so that the Fatherland and our native land live as best as possible!
A logical question: what conclusions were drawn from what happened in the Kuban Cossack army, so that this would not happen again?
The events in Mingrelskaya once again proved that there are no superfluous fighters in the fight against crime - and it does not matter whether it is a large city or a small village. Therefore, the decision of the governor on the need to create Cossack patrols, working on an ongoing basis, came in handy.
But it imposes a huge responsibility on us. We have always approached the issue of selecting Cossack vigilantes very scrupulously, and in this case there should not be random people even more so! We not only carefully select combatants, but also take care of their professional training.
It is not at all necessary that, having gone out on patrol, the combatant will encounter an armed criminal. But he must always be ready for it! This is not only about traumatic weapons, the need for which for the squads for some reason is questioned by some regional and federal media. First of all, the Cossack must be in excellent physical shape! That is why our combatants always go in for sports, mainly hand-to-hand combat.
For half a year now, the Cossacks, together with the police, have been serving to protect public order on an ongoing basis. Before that, there were so-called weekend squads. What is the difference and why are the new squads better than the old ones?
The question is not quite right. Those and other squads work in parallel, clearly fulfill the tasks facing them, both of them act strictly according to the law. But they are organized not only at different times, but also on a different basis.
The Cossacks of the weekend squads patrol in their free time from their main work, that is, in the evenings and on weekends, when others are resting. And, unfortunately, not everyone relaxes calmly and culturally: the number of offenses and crimes, especially committed in public places, increases precisely on weekends and on Friday evenings. And here the help of the Cossacks is simply invaluable!
This is shown by the numbers: in 2012, 1,630 Cossacks from the weekend squads, together with police officers, carried out 97.8 thousand exits on duty (of which 2.4 thousand were on duty in transport). During this time, they helped the police identify and solve 250 crimes. No less than 27,000 administrative offenses were revealed, 1,132 of which were in transport. So weekend squads are an effective tool for maintaining order! They not only were - they are and will be!
Other squads for the protection of public order, which began to work in all municipalities of the region from September 1, 2012, operate on an ongoing basis: for 1239 Cossacks this is the main place of work! They work not only on the streets and squares of settlements, but also at stationary traffic police posts on the main roads in the region, at transport facilities. 24 Cossacks assist the police in Krasnaya Polyana.
Thanks to the creation of squads operating on a permanent basis, the density of patrols has increased significantly. Only in the first three months of work with the participation of the Cossacks, 178 crimes and about 32 thousand administrative offenses were revealed and solved. 625 cases of child neglect were also revealed, 67 cases of illegal involvement of foreign citizens in labor activity, 50 wanted persons were found. The Ministry of Internal Affairs, as you remember, has already announced the creation of such squads as a pilot project, and people come to us for experience.
So I would not say which squads are better or worse, but rather summarized the effect of their activities.
In 2008, the Council for Cossack Affairs was created under the President of the Russian Federation. Does it meet the aspirations, hopes and plans of the Cossacks, or are there problems that, alas, still need to be addressed and resolved? ..
Thanks to the work of the Council, we have already managed to solve a lot. This is the right to rank and wearing shoulder straps, and a single Cossack uniform, developed taking into account the traditions of one or another registered army, and the issue of Cossack symbols - all this was approved by decrees of the President of Russia. New military banners and flags were approved by presidential decree, and military banners were approved by a patriarchal decree. They were consecrated by the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia Kirill, they were handed over to us by His Holiness the Patriarch, the President of Russia and the Chairman of the Council... All this testifies to a new stage in the history of the Cossacks.
In September 2012, the President signed the most important document - the Strategy for the Development of the State Policy of the Russian Federation towards the Russian Cossacks until 2020. This means that the state has really turned its face to the Cossacks and is ready to cooperate with them. The role of the Council is also great in this.
At a recent March meeting of the Council, the issue of creating an all-Russian Cossack public organization was considered, which will allow Cossack structures from different regions that are now scattered to establish interaction and represent their interests at the federal level.
Much is being solved due to the fact that the Council under the President includes not only atamans of registered troops and clergymen, but also deputy ministers. It was possible to raise the status of the Cossack cadet corps: it is now comparable with the status of the Suvorov and Nakhimov schools. A competition for the best Cossack cadet corps was established. Registered Cossack troops received the right to establish private security companies under their auspices. All together, these are very serious steps towards our development.
In the media of Russia, the modern life and activities of the Cossacks, as well as their culture, traditions, morality and morality are rather biasedly discussed ... Often, the facts are distorted, the materials are biased, and there is a clear hostility to the revived Cossacks. What can you say about this as an ataman, as a citizen?
I will say that, alas, this fits perfectly into the “black” channel of the desire to blow up Russia from the inside.
That this is exactly the case is proved by the behavior of the media “criticizing” us. Criticism is when they want to help, pointing out weak points kindly and without blasphemous blasphemy to the whole world. And we are witnessing with our own eyes attempts to create a negative image around the Cossacks, to say the least.
Indeed, even the headlines “work” for this: “Will the Cossacks become robbers?”, “Why does the Cossack need a gun?”, “Alternative law enforcement agencies” ... Even if the material is not read out of disgust, it will be deposited in the subconscious!
And this is done purposefully and methodically!
Here, for example, is what one of the "independent" newspapers consistently wrote and writes. She calls the Cossack squads for the protection of public order "alternative law enforcement agencies", although the squads operate on the basis of federal and regional legislation and in conjunction with law enforcement agencies, and not in defiance of them! This was posted on March 11 this year.
And earlier, on January 21, the same newspaper issued a provocative statement: “But the fact remains - the Cossack formations with their unclear legal status and unclear sphere of responsibility will now receive weapons ... And this will be done, as you might guess, with our money ... Necessary funds for the purchase of a large batch of "injury" will be allocated from the regional budget.
In this regard, I will especially emphasize: calling the Cossack people's squads a formation is not a mistake of an illiterate journalist, it is a deliberate substitution, because the word “formation” evokes only one association among people who survived the 90s: “armed bandit formations”.
They want to present the Cossacks just like that. Like, the legal status of the Cossack squads is unclear, the responsibility is also, but they will be given weapons and even paid from the regional treasury. And the treasury, as you know, is formed, including from taxes. What should the layman think in such a situation?
Not everyone, even a completely legally literate person, knows that, according to the law, everyone (every citizen of Russia!) Has the right to buy a traumatic weapon only for himself. At the same time, he must pass a medical examination, all checks and obtain permission. What is the treasury and what is the regional budget?!
Here we see something else - the conscious demonization of the Cossacks and inciting other peoples and other segments of the population against them. I repeat: conscious, because not a single material pointing to “mistakes” and “weak legal literacy” appeared in the newspaper! But the newspaper is responsible for the content, this is its editorial policy!
The Cossacks have always been the backbone of their country, and if they are united, if they are strong, they are invincible! This means that Russia is also invincible. Even after going through the most severe repressions, genocide, the Cossacks retained their morality, spirituality, strong foundations of life. We teach our children diligence, decency, patriotism. And everyone who sees this with their own eyes is imbued with the deepest respect for the Cossack people ...
We know how closely the Russian Orthodox Church and the Kuban Cossack army interact. Recently, in our region, by decision of the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church, a metropolis was formed, which includes five dioceses. How do you, Nikolai Alexandrovich, as an ataman and a true believer, assess what happened? How will relations between the Kuban army and the newly formed dioceses be built?
Both as a believer and as an ataman of the Kuban Cossack army, I rejoice that the diocese of Ekaterinodar and Kuban, headed by His Eminence Metropolitan Isidore, has grown so much that it has risen to the rank of metropolia. This is the natural fruit of Vladyka's labors, and I congratulated him from the bottom of my heart.
Relations with the metropolia as a whole and with the individual dioceses that make up it are now being built in the same way as before: we are working together so that the original Cossack spirituality, which has been destroyed for so many decades, is revived and strengthened. And now this work will become even closer and more intense.
For example, before the transformation of the Yekaterinodar and Kuban diocese into a metropolis, the presence of Vladyka Isidore at the gathering of even the largest department of the Kuban Cossack army was (due to his enormous employment) difficult: His Eminence alone carried the entire hierarchal burden. But the presence of a bishop is not only an indicator of respect and attention to the Cossacks. This is the most powerful spiritual incentive for the churching of the Cossacks and their families, the way to the revival of our traditional spirituality!
Now, each of the five dioceses covers a smaller number of departments of the army, and, accordingly, a smaller number of district Cossack societies. This means that each lord and each separate (district) ataman will be able to meet more often and work more closely. After all, the Cossacks are still building and restoring churches, patronizing the parishes. And in many parishes, they and their families form the backbone of communities. I am sure that now the process of churching the Cossacks will become more intense. I am also sure that soon the newly appointed archpastors will be blessed by the metropolitan to participate in both reporting and election and reporting meetings of departments and districts. At the end of March, deans from the newly formed dioceses were participants in a meeting of the council of atamans of the KKV and discussed with them the issues of the revival of the Cossacks precisely as the army of Christ. And, I can assure you, they discussed it very actively and with interest.
In the good old days, and even in the Soviet years, the cult of the family as a cell of society was preserved. We know that you pay great attention to the revival of the best traditions in Cossack families. Are there positive changes taking place here? Is it possible to restore what was lost? And even more so to resist what today is aimed at destroying (let's not be afraid of this word) family foundations - many TV shows, the Internet and the yellow press?
For a Cossack and a Cossack woman, the family has always been a shrine, and it remains so. During the time of decossackization and genocide, when even pronouncing the word “Cossack” was dangerous for life, it was the traditions by which Cossack families lived at all times that allowed our people to survive and maintain integrity, not to dissolve in the general mass.
Yes, much is being purposefully done now not just for destruction, but for the destruction of the institution of the family as such. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to rid society of "black" propaganda. As an ataman of the Kuban Cossack army, I raised and raise this issue everywhere and at every opportunity: at meetings of the Council for Cossack Affairs under the President of the Russian Federation, and at a meeting on spiritual, moral and patriotic education chaired by the head of state, and at the World Congress of Cossacks. This is a security issue for all of Russia!
But to expect that this is enough is wrong. We need to act ourselves. It is quite well known how we bring up our children and young Cossacks in this regard. But the fact that work with Cossack families, the return to the Cossack family of its highest status in recent years has become one of the main priorities of the Kuban Cossack army, is still much less known.
Nevertheless, you probably already noticed that two of our main holidays - the anniversary of the Kuban Cossack army according to the seniority of its oldest regiment and the Day of the Kuban Cossacks since 2011, we are no longer celebrating in Krasnodar, but directly in the historical departments and district of the army. And every time we appoint a “capital” for these holidays, in which the parade and main celebrations take place. Parents, wives, children, brothers and sisters of Cossack troops from the municipalities have the opportunity to come to the annual parade in honor of the Day of Rehabilitation of the Cossacks and the anniversary of the signing of the Law on the Rehabilitation of Repressed Peoples.
We do this just to emphasize the prestige of the family, to give it the opportunity to maintain its unity. Since January 2008, we have been holding Ataman Christmas trees of all levels, to which children come with their parents. For two years now, not only Cossacks, but also members of their families have been sent to celebrate the anniversary of the landing of the Cossacks on Taman. Family members also participate in all Cossack commemorations ...
In the Kuban, under the auspices of the KKV, there are already six cadet corps, dozens of Cossack schools and hundreds of Cossack classes. The right direction has been chosen in reviving the best Cossack traditions, culture, and passing them on to future generations! "Free Kuban", by the way, constantly talks about this wonderful experience. Will cadet corps still open in the region? And what is the relationship between the KKV and the Presidential Cadet Corps, opened a year ago in Krasnodar?
I am grateful to your newspaper for the persistent propaganda of our unique system of Cossack education: our society really needs this! This academic year, the number of classes and groups of Cossack orientation on the territory of the army has increased to 1576, directly in the Kuban - up to 1300. This is about 35 thousand Cossacks. But, alas, this is no more than five percent of all students! But we teach what is valuable and dear to any people: to respect work, to honor elders, to love your land and your country, to live according to the traditions and customs of the Cossack people, to be truly religious people. Therefore, the head of the region, Alexander Nikolayevich Tkachev, requires us to cover at least 40 percent of Kuban children and youth with a network of "Cossack" education.
Now for us the most important task is a systematic and qualitative increase in the number of classes and groups of Cossack orientation, attracting more students to them. With regard to the Cossack cadet corps: in two of them, Yeisk and Primorsko-Akhtar, in the near future the number of pupils will increase to two hundred and one hundred, respectively. We do not plan to open new cadet corps for boys yet, but there are plans to create a school for Cossack girls.
Why, by increasing the number of classes and groups of Cossack orientation, we do not strive to increase the number of Cossack cadet corps, although six is not so much? We have already, in principle, covered the entire region with their network, and now it is important for us to create such a system of Kuban Cossack cadet education that will allow us to educate not only highly educated, intellectually developed, but also spiritually rich people. After all, graduates of the Kuban Cossack cadet corps are the backbone of the elite. And the elite must first of all be spiritually developed, selfless, patriotic, selflessly devoted to their native land and their people. She must be a model!
We are already seeing the first results of this system. Our cadet corps are constantly among the best in Russia: last year, two out of six corps entered the top ten. Cadets of the Kropotkin Cossack Corps, for example, became the undisputed winners of the All-Russian Cossack Game "Cossack Flash" and won 101 medals at once. To fight like that, you need to have a real Cossack spirit!
Yes, we are raising the bar high. But the army is counting on the fact that, having matured, the pupils of the cadet corps will become chieftains of all levels, that they will continue to preserve and develop our Cossack people, will finally approve its customs, traditions, its culture and spiritual values ... With the Presidential Cadet Corps, created in city of Krasnodar, our relationship is just being established. My deputies have already given lectures there about the Cossacks, their history, traditions, culture...
Nikolai Aleksandrovich, as vice-governor, you oversee the most important areas in the regional administration. It is already impossible to imagine the governor's team without such a colorful personality as you are. If it's not a secret, how do you manage to do everything? Where or where do you draw strength?
You have to succeed mainly due to sleep. Of course, much is achieved thanks to the efficient work of my team - deputies, chieftains of all levels, commanders of squads and mobile groups, if we are talking about the army. And in the administration of the region - thanks to the ministers, heads of departments and departments and, accordingly, their teams.
I draw strength from my family, whom I love very much! In sports, good books and reliable friends...
Black Sea Cossack army
Chepega Zakhary Alekseevich
Army foreman, ataman of the Faithful Army of the Black Sea Cossacks, and later the Black Sea Cossack Army from July 3, 1788 to January 14, 1797.
One of the three Zaporizhzhya foremen, to whom the Black Sea army owes its appearance. He organized and led the resettlement of the Black Sea Cossacks to the Taman Peninsula. Founder of the city of Ekaterinodar.
Golovaty Anton Andreevich
Army foreman, military judge, ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army from January 15 to January 29, 1797.
He received a charter from Empress Catherine II, according to which the Black Sea Cossack army was granted Taman with the part of the Kuban land adjacent to it. One of the authors of The Order of Common Benefit.
Kotlyarevsky Timofey Terentyevich
Major General, military clerk, and later military ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army from June 27, 1797 to November 15, 1799.
He contributed to the internal ordering in the Black Sea Cossack army, petitioned Emperor Paul I to preserve the traditional Cossack self-government.
Bursak Fedor Yakovlevich
Major General, military ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army from December 22, 1799 to 1816.
The first of the atamans, who achieved the highest permission for retaliatory campaigns for the Kuban. He opened the first military school and the first school, later transformed into a gymnasium.
Matveev Grigory Kondratievich
Colonel, chief ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army from March 23, 1816 to January 18, 1827
Bezkrovny Alexey Danilovich
Major General, Ataman of the Black Sea Cossack Army from September 27, 1827 to 1830. Member of the Patriotic War of 1812, distinguished himself in the capture of the Turkish fortress of Anapa.
Zavodovsky Nikolai Stepanovich
General from the cavalry, commander of the troops on the Caucasian line and in the Black Sea coast, the chief ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army from 1830 to 1853. Member of the Patriotic War of 1812.
Rasp Grigory Antonovich
Lieutenant General, commander of the Black Sea cordon line, chief of staff, correcting the post of ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army from 1844 to 1852. The initiator of the creation of the first military women's school. Contributed to the development of relations with the highlanders in a peaceful way.
Kukharenko Yakov Gerasimovich
Major General, correcting the post of chief of staff and chief ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army from October 19, 1852 to June 30, 1856. One of the initiators of the unification of the Black Sea and Linear Cossack troops.
Kuban historian, writer and ethnographer.
Philipson Grigory Ivanovich
Infantry general, commander of the troops of the right wing of the Caucasian line and chief of staff of the Caucasian army. Punishment chieftain of the Black Sea Cossack army from November 6, 1855 to September 12, 1860. He paid great attention to the internal life and position of the Cossack population.
Kusakov Lev Ivanovich
Major-general, correcting the post of ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army October 1, 1860 to May 5, 1861
Caucasian linear Cossack army
Verzilin Pyotr Semyonovich
Major General, the first ataman of the Caucasian linear Cossack army from June 25, 1832 to October 31, 1837. Contributed to the organization of service and the inner life of linear Cossacks. Member of the Patriotic War of 1812.
Nikolaev Stepan Stepanovich
Lieutenant General, Ataman of the Caucasian Line Cossack Army from October 31, 1837 to 1849. Member of the Patriotic War of 1812. He made a great contribution to the system of internal organization and improvement of the troops. Organizer of the settlement of the Labinsk and Sunzha cordon lines.
Krukovsky Felix Antonovich
Major General, Ataman of the Caucasian Line Cossack Army from February 8, 1848 to January 19, 1852. He was twice awarded the royal favor for exemplary order in the Cossack linear regiments.
Eristov Georgy Romanovich
Prince, general of the cavalry, chief ataman of the Caucasian linear Cossack army from February 18, 1852 to May 15, 1855. Contributed to a number of important economic transformations in the Caucasian linear Cossack army.
Rudzevich Nikolai Alexandrovich
Lieutenant General, Ataman of the Caucasian Line Cossack Army from May 15, 1855 to 1860.
He provided great support to the Cossack families who moved to the front lines. He achieved the dissolution of the reserve Cossack battalions from the cordon line, which allowed the Cossacks to take care of their household. He achieved a reduction in the term of the Cossack service to 15 years.
Kuban Cossack army
Evdokimov Nikolai Nikolaevich
Lieutenant General, First Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army (from 11/19/1860 to 08/30/1861)
Ivanov Nikolai Agapovich
Lieutenant General, Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army and Head of the Kuban Region from August 31, 1861 to August 23, 1863. The second chief ataman of the Kuban Cossack army. Contributed to the organization of military administration and streamlining the new Kuban Cossack army.
Sumarokov-Elston Felix Nikolaevich
Count, adjutant general, ataman of the Kuban Cossack army and head of the Kuban region from 1863 to 1869. Contributed to the mass and widespread development of public education.
Tsakni Mikhail Argirievich
Lieutenant General, Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army and Head of the Kuban Region from February 3, 1869 to June 14, 1873.
He contributed to the demarcation of land in the Kuban region, as a result of which the forms of Cossack land use were finally established.
Karmalin Nikolay Nikolaevich
General from infantry, ataman of the Kuban Cossack army and head of the Kuban region from 1873 to 1882.
He made a great contribution to the economic and cultural upsurge of the Kuban region.
Sheremetiev Sergey Alekseevich
Adjutant general, cavalry general, ataman of the Kuban Cossack army and head of the Kuban region from January 29, 1882 to February 8, 1884. He was the commander of His Imperial Majesty the Convoy. He paid special attention to improving the situation of the Cossack villages of the Trans-Kuban region.
Leonov Grigory Alekseevich
Lieutenant General, Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army and Head of the Kuban Region from March 29, 1884 to January 21, 1892. He was the chairman of the commission for the arrangement of the Kuban and Terek troops. Contributed to the economic development of the Kuban region, the development of public education and village self-government.
Malama Yakov Dmitrievich
Lieutenant General, Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army and Head of the Kuban Region from February 21, 1892 to 1904. Member of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877 - 1878. Modernized the methods and principles of command and control of the army. Organized the celebration of the 200th anniversary of the KKV.
Odintsov Dmitry Alexandrovich
Lieutenant General, Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army and Head of the Kuban Region from November 11, 1904 to March 29, 1906. Member of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877 - 1878. Organizer of four partial mobilizations during the years of the first Russian revolution. Contributed to the suppression of uprisings of the plastun battalions and the 2nd Urupsky regiment during the years of the First Russian Revolution.
Mikhailov Nikolay Ivanovich
Lieutenant general. Punishment ataman of the Kuban Cossack army and head of the Kuban region from 03/29/1906 to 02/03/1906. 1908
Babych Mikhail Pavlovich
General of infantry, chief ataman of the Kuban Cossack army and head of the Kuban region from February 3, 1908 to March 26, 1917.
Contributed to the opening of many schools, colleges, exhibitions and monuments. He paid attention to the development of democratic traditions of the Cossacks. Member of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877 - 1878.
Filimonov Alexander Petrovich
Lieutenant general. Head of the Kuban region and military ataman of the Kuban Cossack army from 1917 to 1919.
Uspensky Nikolay Mitrofanovich
Major General. Head of the Kuban region and military ataman of the Kuban Cossack army from 1919 to 1920.
Bukretov Nikolai Andrianovich
Lieutenant general. Head of the Kuban region and military ataman of the Kuban Cossack army from January to March 1920
Zakhary Alekseevich Chepega
Once upon a time in the Zaporizhzhya Sich, atamans - leaders of the free Cossack brotherhood - were chosen by the Cossacks themselves. Together and openly voting, the sicheviks determined who would receive the mace of the ataman of the entire Zaporizhzhya kosh for a year or several years. In each kuren, their own kuren atamans were elected, who were subordinate to the kosh, that is, the chief ataman. In those distant times, the atamans lived the same simple and harsh life as ordinary Cossacks. They ate at a common table, received clothes and weapons from the common stocks, and lived in those kurens where they lived before the election. For misconduct they could be severely punished and even beaten with a whip. And only in wartime did the ataman enjoy unlimited power. Every year he gave a report on his affairs at the military council.
Gradually, the Cossacks switched to the service of the state and lost their former independence - the "freemen". In the Army of the faithful Black Sea Cossacks, formed from the remnants of the Sich, only at first the atamans were elected by the Cossacks, and their emperor confirmed them; then atamans were appointed by imperial decrees. The ataman was considered not only a military commander, but also a civilian commander of the army and combined enormous power in his hands. In the history of the Cossacks of the Kuban, there were many atamans. They were called at different times in different ways - koshevoi, military, punishable. Many of them by their deeds have earned the love and respect of their contemporaries and the grateful memory of their descendants. But according to the old Zaporizhian custom, the Black Sea Cossacks called only two of their leaders "fathers" - Zakhary Alekseevich Chepega (Chepiga) and Anton Andreevich Golovaty.
The first ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army, created in 1787 by the idea of Prince Grigory Alekseevich Potemkin and the decree of Empress Catherine the Great, was Sidor Ignatievich Bely. This brave warrior did not live to see the Cossacks move to the Kuban - in July 1788, in the battle of the Black Sea with the Turkish fleet, he was mortally wounded and died. At the same time, "Highest Prince" Potemkin signed a decree appointing Zakhary Alekseevich Chepega as chieftain of the Army of the Black Sea Faithful Cossacks. As a sign of respect and recognition of military merit, the field marshal presented Chepega with an expensive saber. During the Russian-Turkish war of 1787-1791. he commanded the cavalry and participated in all the most important battles. During the capture of the Turkish fortress Izmail, the commander A.V. Suvorov entrusted Chepega to lead one of the assault detachments to the fortress. By the time of his election as ataman, Chepega had the rank of brigadier in the army and was a holder of three Russian orders.
Zakhary Alekseevich was an ataman for almost ten years. He glorified himself with many deeds, but the main thing was the foundation of the capital of the Black Sea army in June 1793. For a short time, the Cossack leader had to live in the “God-saving city of Ekaterinodar”, where he built himself a hut over the Karasun River. In June 1794, by decree of Catherine the Great, Chepega went on a Polish campaign with two regiments of the Black Sea. On the way to Poland, the chieftain was invited to the court of the empress. During lunch, the empress herself treated the old warrior with grapes and peaches (One of the Cossack legends says that the empress then presented Chepega with a golden saber. Historian Yevgeny Dmitrievich Felitsyn claimed that this saber was kept in an old Cossack family back in 1888. Where is it now and whether it actually was is unknown). When the campaign was successfully completed, the returning ataman was granted the rank of general. And just a year after returning to Ekaterinodar, on January 14, 1797, the illustrious ataman, beloved by all Cossacks "Kharko Chepiga" died in his hut "from a prick of the lung", that is, from a pulmonary disease, and was buried with military honors on the site of the building Resurrection Military Cathedral.
According to the historian Prokofy Petrovich Korolenko, who wrote down the stories of the old Black Sea people, the chieftain of Chepega was "short in stature, with broad shoulders, a large forelock and a huge mustache ...". History has not preserved his portrait. Once a painter came to Zakhary Alekseevich and wanted to paint a portrait of the ataman. In response to his request to pose for him, Chepega replied: “You are a painter (that is, an artist), so you paint a god, and I was a general, they don’t need me to paint ...”. Almost two centuries later, the Krasnodar artist O.M. Gavrilov, based on verbal descriptions and his ideas about the appearance of the founder of Yekaterinodar, created a portrait of Ataman Chepega. Now this portrait adorns one of the halls of the Krasnodar Historical and Archaeological Museum.
Anton Andreevich Holovaty was born in 1732 in the family of a Ukrainian Cossack foreman, he studied at the Kyiv bursa (that is, the theological seminary). From there, in 1757, he fled to the Zaporozhian Sich, where over time, thanks to his natural intelligence and organizational skills, he became an influential person. After the defeat of the Sich, Golovaty became one of the founders and leaders of the Army of Loyal Cossacks, settled between the Bug and the Dniester. During the Russian-Turkish war of 1787-91. he commanded a rowing flotilla and proved to be a skilled military leader and a brave warrior. It was under the command of Anton Andreevich that the Cossacks on boats managed to take the Turkish fortress on the island of Berezan, which was impregnable for the time being. In honor of this feat, one of the first kurens in the Kuban was later named Berezansky, now it is the Berezanskaya village. At the same time, the Cossack flotilla distinguished itself during the siege of Bender, and during the assault on Izmail, the Black Sea sank and burned 90 Turkish ships.
In 1791, the “defender of the Cossacks”, Prince Grigory Alexandrovich Potemkin Tauride, died, and the Cossacks had no choice but to ask for the mercy of the empress themselves. And the Cossacks sent their deputation to the court of Catherine the Great. Having earned the grace of the Empress with their exploits, the Black Sea people hoped to get the Kuban lands for the settlement of troops. This deputation was headed by the military judge Golovaty. In St. Petersburg, in the circle of proud and arrogant Catherine's nobles, who invited the valiant Sich to their salons and balls as a curiosity, Anton Andreevich managed to pretend to be a rustic, uneducated Cossack, surprised them with his unusual appearance and other eccentricities, aroused sympathy for the heavy Cossack fate by singing and playing on the bandura But when Golovaty managed to get a letter from the Empress granting the Kuban lands to the Black Sea Army, he surprised everyone by delivering a brilliant speech of thanks!
Being an educated and talented person, Golovaty showed himself as a warrior, and as a military leader, and as a diplomat, and even as a musician. He composed several songs that later came to be considered folk songs.
In 1793 Golovaty led a large detachment of Cossacks to the Kuban land. In Taman, where he first lived, a military judge built the first church in the Land of the Black Sea Troops in the name of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos. This church, which is considered one of the shrines of the Cossacks, still exists today. As soon as Anton Andreevich appeared in Yekaterinodar, he immediately began to equip the military capital. A letter that he wrote to Ataman Chepega in Poland has been preserved: “Your words spoken at the appointment (that is, the foundation - V.B.) of the city of Yekaterinodar, against the Karasun rowing (dam - V.B.), under an oak tree standing near your courtyard , I didn’t forget about the establishment of various fish and crayfish, but I did it last year: I let in fish from the Kuban, and crayfish brought from Temryuk ... ”. Golovaty was the main ideologist of the creation of the "Order of Common Benefit" - a document that regulated all aspects of the life of the Black Sea army, but actually abolished the remnants of the Cossack self-government. Probably, the very text of this first “constitution of the Kuban region” was drawn up by a military judge, who was well aware that the former Cossack freemen remained behind the Dnieper rapids, and the sovereign’s service awaited the Black Sea in the Kuban. The foremen and ordinary Cossack people deeply respected their “father” Golovaty, they even composed a proverb about him, which lived in the Kuban folk speech for more than a century: smooth!" (that is, he made us Cossacks again - V.B.).
Anton Andreevich Golovaty was tall and corpulent. As the historian E.D. Felitsyn, “had a constantly shaved head, with a thick “seedling” (that is, a long forelock - V.B.) and a red, pockmarked face with a huge mustache.” As another historian noted, I.D. Popko, believed that the Chernomorians "considered the mustache the best decoration of the Cossack personality, but they did not wear beards at all and treated her contemptuously ...".
At the end of February 1796, Golovaty, with two regiments of Cossacks, set off from Ekaterinodar to the Caspian Sea - on the Persian campaign. The Cossacks fought bravely against the Persians, but the unfamiliar climate, hunger and disease claimed hundreds of lives. The fever did not spare Anton Andreevich either - he died on January 28, 1797 at the age of 53, never knowing that after the death of Zakhary Chepega, the Cossacks in Yekaterinodar elected him their chieftain. Major Chernyshev, who was with the military judge, reported to the Kuban with a report that “... Mr. Brigadier and Cavalier Anton Andreevich Golovaty, having command of the Caspian Fleet and troops on the Kamyshevan Peninsula, on the same day of January, on the 28th day, died his stomach, and on the 29th with an excellent ceremony from sea and land forces buried. In 1996, a small group of Krasnodar scientists tried to find the burial place of this great Black Sea man on the Caspian shores. On the island of Sary, where, according to some reports, Golovaty was buried, they managed to find a whole cemetery of Russian sailors and a large slab over a mass officer's grave, in which Anton Andreevich was probably buried. In order to finally be convinced of this, new research, new scientific expeditions are needed.
The hungry and ragged Cossacks who returned from a campaign in the Kuban, having not received their due salary, demanded "satisfaction of grievances." These events entered the history of the Kuban as the "Persian rebellion". The military clerk Timothy Kotlyarevsky was at that time in St. Petersburg at the coronation of Emperor Paul I and was appointed military chieftain. The newly-minted ataman lived most of the time in the capital, from where he sent orders and instructions to the Kuban. The Cossacks never called him "dad".
... In 1907, not far from the place where Yekaterinodar was once founded, in the Ataman Square in front of the palace of the chief ataman of the Kuban Cossack army, a monument to Empress Catherine the Great, designed by Academician M.O. Mikeshin by sculptor B.V. Edwards. A majestic figure of the empress was placed on a high pedestal, and a scroll fell down from her feet, on which the text of the Letter of Complaint to the Black Sea army was written in gold letters. Below, at the foot, were the figures of Prince Grigory Potemkin, chieftains Sidor Bely, Zakhary Chepega and Anton Golovaty. On the back side of the pedestal there were figures of a blind kobza musician with a guide, and below was placed a plate with the text of a song composed by Golovaty, which ends with the words: “Dyakuymo Tsarytsyu, praying to God that he showed us the way to the Kuban.” So the grateful Kuban Cossacks immortalized the memory and paid tribute to the Empress and the first Black Sea chieftains.
Bondar V.V.
|
Finally, Ataman Rasp, who considered the highlanders to be incorrigible marauders who were alien to peaceful relations, nevertheless managed to implement a number of humane and practically reasonable measures for cultural rapprochement with the highlanders. The ataman and the judges met with the highlanders at the exchange yards and points. Peaceful bzhedukhs voluntarily went to the court to the Rasp and willingly obeyed his fair decisions. In order to get better acquainted with the peculiarities of the Circassian way of life, Rasppil collected information about Circassian customs and compiled his own collection of adats, which he guided in the analysis of disputes between the Circassians.
In a word, the enlightened activity of G.A. The rasp put him in the ranks of the most prominent chieftains of the Black Sea army. Unfortunately, this major Cossack leader suffered misfortune. Deprived, thanks to the opposition of the higher administration, of the opportunity to show his noble and beneficial activity, G.A. The rasp, according to Popka, "unexpectedly for friends and foes, and in defiance of his sober nature, began to seek consolation in a muddy phial, which poisoned more than one talent, undermined more than one strength in Russia since it was said: "Russia is the joy of drinking." General Popka quite correctly assumed that this illness, which befell the best of the chief chieftains of the Black Sea army, was the result of the chieftain's loss of faith in the possibility of realizing in the life of the Cossacks those ideals that this noble figure served.
The Regulations of 1842 on the Black Sea Cossack Host, on the basis of which Raspil sought to renew Chernomorie, is the most complete and legally justified act on Cossack legislation, in which traces of the ancient conditions of Cossack life remain and the latest changes are combined in this spirit.
The regulation of 1842 is divided into four parts. "The first part defines the general composition of the Black Sea Cossack army, its duties and advantages; the second contains the military and civil administration in the aggregate; the third contains the military administration in particular and the fourth - the civil administration in particular."
The position was based on the rights of the Cossacks to the land. “The army,” says the 2nd paragraph of the regulation, “owns the lands belonging to it according to letters, granted at different times.” The army consisted exclusively of Cossacks, but the position allowed the courtyard people who belonged to military officials, and foreigners. Thus, in the regulation of 1842, the law for the first time violated the basic principle of private life - the introduction of a military population into the free Cossack population.
With such numbers, the Chernomorians guarded the borders of the troops and supplied regiments, battalions and artillery for service outside the troops. For service on the Cordon Line, a third of the available employee was sent in turn in two years to the third, and two-thirds remained at home; in cases of emergency, when military forces were required for the Line or were sent outside the region, two-thirds of the regiments were on duty and one was at home. In military and civil relations, the Black Sea Army was subordinate to the Minister of War for the Department of Military Settlements, and on the spot, in the Caucasus, it was under the jurisdiction of the commander of a separate Caucasian corps, as commander in chief, and his intermediary, commander of the troops on the Caucasian line and in Chernomorie, as a local corps chief.
The closest chief of the army was the chief ataman, who used the rights of the head of the division in the military part, and the rights of the governor in the civil part. The chief ataman was appointed and dismissed by the Highest order by the Governing Senate. The ataman's assistant was the chief of staff, who was also appointed and dismissed by the Supreme Command of the Senate.
The headquarters was called the military duty and consisted of the chief of staff, the duty headquarters officer, the senior adjutant and the chief officer. "All items of military administration in the army" were subject to military duty - inspectors in the first department and military ships in the second.
In addition to military duty, three more bodies belonged to the military administration: the military court commission, district authorities and stanitsa authorities.
The military court commission consisted of a presus, appointed by the ataman from the staff of officers, four assessors, by appointment of the ataman, and an auditor from the central government. The direct supervision of non-stop paperwork lay with the chief of staff. And the commission itself led both the investigative and judicial parts.
Chernomoriya was subdivided into three districts, and in each district there was a district duty, which consisted of the chief of the district, who was called the district headquarters officer, from the district adjutant, his assistant and auditor. The first three were appointed by the ataman, the last - by the Government.
Finally, in each district there were a certain number of villages or kurens: in Tamansky - 21, in Yekaterinodar - 20 and in Yeysk - 19. Thus, there were 60 villages in the army, but only 59 village boards were supposed, since Taman and the village of Akhtanizovskaya had one station board. The stanitsa boards were made up of the stanitsa ataman and two judges and were in charge of the military and civilian parts. The ataman and judges were elected by the stanitsa society, and the stanitsa board represented the local executive power that acted in the yurt space of their village.
The troop civil administration consisted of the troop administration, the troop medical council, the troop post office, the troop prosecutor, the trade verbal court and the police of Yekaterinodar. All these bodies did not concern the military unit at all.
The military board consisted of a chairman - the chief ataman, a senior member and four assessors. The chief of staff was also present on the board. The senior member and assessors were appointed on the proposals of the ataman, and the military board was in charge of executive affairs, military economy, land affairs, civil legal proceedings and control or revision of military reports. In accordance with this, the board was divided into five expeditions, and the civil expedition was in charge of the same affairs as the chamber of the civil court in the provinces.
The remaining institutions - the medical board, the prosecutor, the post office and the police of Yekaterinodar - did not play a prominent role in the overall management of the army, and the verbal court was established exclusively for the Cossacks of the merchant class.
The center of gravity of civil administration was in the district institutions - in the district court, the detective authorities, the verbal magistrate's court and the district attorney, more precisely, in the first two institutions. Each district court had a judge and two assessors - one from the officials and one from the Cossacks. The judge was appointed by the ataman, and the assessors were elected by officials and Cossacks. Assessors from the Cossacks participated only in cases concerning the Cossacks and the villages, and the courts themselves were the same as the county courts of the provincial government.
Finally, the last, lowest civil instance was represented by the stanitsa boards, which consisted of the stanitsa ataman and stanitsa judges and were in charge of local affairs within the stanitsa yurt. In this regard, besides the stanitsa ataman and judges, the stanitsa society and the stanitsa court were of significant importance. The first was the highest authority in charge of all the affairs of the stanitsa. It elected the stanitsa ataman, stanitsa judges and assessor to the district court, discussed and decided all economic and social matters, and approved or canceled the sentences of the stanitsa court. He was granted the power of corporal punishment, "which did not cause any injury or damage." Actually, the stanitsa court was in charge of both petty criminal cases - fights, riots, insults with a word, disobedience to the stanitsa authorities, etc. - and property cases on claims that did not exceed 50 rubles. In addition to the village court, according to Cossack customs, the court of intermediaries, or arbitration, was left.
This was the nature of the administration according to the regulations of 1842. By this law, various branches of administration were undoubtedly streamlined. Essential was a strict demarcation between military and civilian units, provided that civil power was completely isolated from purely military affairs. The area of dependence for a Cossack soldier narrowed, the responsibility of the military authorities increased, control over their actions and military orders improved, and because of all this, there were fewer abuses. It had a weaker effect on court cases and civil administration. But all this was achieved thanks only to the fact that the position of 1842 was worked out by local figures.
A peer of Raspil and his deputy, as chief of staff and acting chief ataman, Yakov Gerasimovich Kukharenko found perfectly established orders and well-established military affairs. The Cossack administration was formed according to the regulations of 1842. Kukharenko was the last chieftain of the Black Sea Cossacks, from 1852 to 1855. He took this place under unfavorable conditions for him. Such prominent Cossack figures as Zavodovsky and Raspil had just left the stage, for two years the Black Sea region experienced the anxieties of the Eastern war, signs of reorganization of the Cossack troops were in the government atmosphere, the struggle against the highlanders took on the character of the last and most fierce act of the Caucasian war. All this, as it were, obscured the activities of the new ataman.
Kukharenko was born in 1799, and entered the service in 1814. For 9 years he was listed as a hundred Yesaul, i.e. sergeant, and promoted to officer in 1823, to major general in 1853. The combat service of Kukharenka was held exclusively in the fight against the highlanders. In most cases, he had to act as an officer dependent on others, less often as a squad leader. Only from 1852 to 1856, Kukharenko, as an independent head of the detachment, made several campaigns against the Circassians, and these performances were skillful and very successful. He also partly led the defense of the Taman Peninsula and the Azov coast during the Eastern War.
Vice-Governor, Ataman of the Kuban Cossack Army Cossack General Nikolai Doluda answers questions from the independent people's newspaper Volnaya Kuban.
Bio pages:
Nikolai Alexandrovich Doluda - ataman of the Kuban Cossack army, Cossack general, deputy head of the administration (governor) of the Krasnodar Territory.
In 1967-1971 he studied at the engineering college in the city of Sumy.
In 1976 he graduated from the Poltava Higher Military Anti-Aircraft Missile School, from 1983 to 1986 he was a student of the Military Academy of Air Defense Forces with a degree in combat operations management. Served in the Armed Forces for 28 years. In 1994 he was awarded the military rank of colonel.
From 1998 to 2001, Nikolai Doluda was deputy head - head of the administration of the city of Yeysk.
Since January 2001 - in the administration of the Krasnodar Territory: Deputy Chief of Staff, Head of the Social and Production Department of the Administration of the Krasnodar Territory, Manager of Affairs of the Administration of the Krasnodar Territory, Head of the Social and Production Department.
In 2004 he graduated from the State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education of the Rostov State Economic University - RINH, economist-manager.
In 2006, he was appointed deputy governor of the Krasnodar Territory, manager of affairs.
He is a member of the farm Cossack society "Officer Cossack hundred of the Yekaterinodar Cossack department of the Kuban Cossack army."
In November 2007, he was elected ataman of the Kuban Cossack army by the military assembly of the Kuban Cossack army. This decision was approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated February 6, 2008.
By Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 12, 2009 No. 265, the ataman of the Kuban military Cossack society, Nikolai Alexandrovich Doluda, was awarded the highest rank of Cossack general.
— Nikolai Alexandrovich, the tragic events in Anapa and Mingrelskaya literally shook the entire Kuban. These facts certainly testify to the offensive position of the Cossacks in our daily life, to the readiness for self-sacrifice, for a feat, laid down in the character of a Cossack for a long time!
- You are right: the whole history of the Kuban Cossacks is the history of service in the name of Russia, in the name of protecting its interests and the welfare of the people. From childhood, the Cossack was brought up in an atmosphere of readiness for a feat, and if necessary, for self-sacrifice. A song that is very popular among the Cossacks has survived to this day, in which it directly says: “Didas were able to lay their heads for Russia!”
The Kuban Cossacks accomplished many feats. Let us recall at least the heroic deeds of our ancestors: Lev Tikhovsky, Andrei Grechishkin, Yefim Gorbatko ... At the cost of their own lives and the lives of hundreds of Cossacks, they repelled the raids of the Zakubans, thereby protecting their villages from destruction. Every year, we hold commemorations at the places of their death. We educate today's youth on such examples.
There is a place for a feat in the history of the modern Kuban Cossack army. Our Cossacks fought in Afghanistan, Transnistria, Chechnya, Abkhazia, South Ossetia. During the Georgian-Abkhazian conflict, our Cossack Anatoly Sidorenko covered a grenade with his body, thereby saving his colleagues.
Sergei Osminin, who died recently in Mingrelskaya from a bandit's bullet, is an example of courage and heroism. This is a real Cossack. Not everyone dares to negotiate with an armed criminal. And he, knowing that there were hostages in the house, without a moment's hesitation, came to the rescue. This is a clear example of how the Kuban Cossacks relate to life.
You know that the head of the administration of the Krasnodar Territory, Alexander Nikolaevich Tkachev, has already signed a decree conferring the title of Hero of the Kuban to Sergei Osminin, and the award will have serial number 1. Cossack school No. 6 will be named after the Mingrelian ataman in his native village. lost for centuries!
Yes, our life position is active! But we do not step on anyone - we just do everything so that the Fatherland and our native land live as best as possible!
- A logical question: what conclusions were drawn from what happened in the Kuban Cossack army, so that this would not happen again?
“The events in Mingrelskaya once again proved that there are no superfluous fighters in the fight against crime, and it doesn’t matter whether we are talking about a large city or a small village. Therefore, the decision of the governor on the need to create Cossack patrols, working on an ongoing basis, came in handy.
But it imposes a huge responsibility on us. We have always approached the issue of selecting Cossack vigilantes very scrupulously, and in this case there should not be random people even more so! We not only carefully select combatants, but also take care of their professional training.
It is not at all necessary that, having gone out on patrol, the combatant will encounter an armed criminal. But he must always be ready for it! This is not only about traumatic weapons, the need for which for the squads for some reason is questioned by some regional and federal media. First of all, the Cossack must be in excellent physical shape! That is why our combatants always go in for sports, mainly hand-to-hand combat.
“For six months already, the Cossacks, together with the police, have been serving in the protection of public order on an ongoing basis. Before that, there were so-called weekend squads. What is the difference and why are the new squads better than the old ones?
- The question is not quite right. Those and other squads work in parallel, clearly fulfill the tasks facing them, both of them act strictly according to the law. But they are organized not only at different times, but also on a different basis.
The Cossacks of the weekend squads patrol in their free time from their main work, that is, in the evenings and on weekends, when others are resting. And, unfortunately, not everyone relaxes calmly and culturally: the number of offenses and crimes, especially committed in public places, increases precisely on weekends and on Friday evenings. And here the help of the Cossacks is simply invaluable!
This is shown by the numbers: in 2012, 1630 Cossacks from the weekend squads, together with the police, carried out 97.8 thousand exits on duty (of which 2.4 thousand were on duty in transport). During this time, they helped the police identify and solve 250 crimes. No less than 27,000 administrative offenses were identified, 1,132 of which were in transport. So weekend squads are an effective tool for maintaining order! They not only were, they are and will be!
Other squads for the protection of public order, which began to work in all municipalities of the region from September 1, 2012, operate on an ongoing basis: for 1239 Cossacks this is the main place of work! They work not only on the streets and squares of settlements, but also at stationary traffic police posts on the main roads in the region, at transport facilities. 24 Cossacks assist the police in Krasnaya Polyana.
Thanks to the creation of squads operating on a permanent basis, the density of patrols has increased significantly. Only in the first three months of work with the participation of the Cossacks, 178 crimes and about 32 thousand administrative offenses were revealed and solved. 625 cases of child neglect were also revealed, 67 cases of illegal involvement of foreign citizens in labor activity, 50 wanted persons were found. The Ministry of Internal Affairs, as you remember, has already announced the creation of such squads as a pilot project, and people come to us for experience.
So I would not say which squads are better or worse, but rather summarized the effect of their activities.
- In 2008, the Council for Cossack Affairs was created under the President of the Russian Federation. Does it meet the aspirations, hopes and plans of the Cossacks, or are there problems that, alas, still need to be addressed and resolved? ..
“Thanks to the work of the Council, we have already managed to solve a lot. This is the right to rank and wearing shoulder straps, and a single Cossack uniform, developed taking into account the traditions of one or another registered army, and the issue of Cossack symbols - all this was approved by decrees of the President of Russia. A presidential decree approved new military banners and flags, and a patriarchal decree approved military banners. They were consecrated by the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia Kirill, they were handed over to us by His Holiness the Patriarch, the President of Russia and the Chairman of the Council... All this testifies to a new stage in the history of the Cossacks.
In September 2012, the President signed the most important document - the Strategy for the Development of the State Policy of the Russian Federation towards the Russian Cossacks until 2020. This means that the state has really turned its face to the Cossacks and is ready to cooperate with them. The role of the Council is also great in this.
At a recent March meeting of the Council, the issue of creating an all-Russian Cossack public organization was considered, which will allow Cossack structures from different regions that are now scattered to establish interaction and represent their interests at the federal level.
Much is being solved due to the fact that the Council under the President includes not only atamans of registered troops and clergymen, but also deputy ministers. It was possible to raise the status of the Cossack cadet corps: it is now comparable with the status of the Suvorov and Nakhimov schools. A competition for the best Cossack cadet corps was established. Registered Cossack troops received the right to establish private security companies under their auspices. All together, these are very serious steps towards our development.
- In the media of Russia, the modern life and activities of the Cossacks, as well as their culture, traditions, morality and morality are rather biasedly discussed ... Often, the facts are distorted, the materials are biased, and there is a clear hostility to the revived Cossacks. What can you say about this as an ataman, as a citizen?
- I will say that, alas, this fits perfectly into the "black" channel of the desire to blow up Russia from the inside.
That this is exactly the case is proved by the behavior of the media “criticizing” us. Criticism is when they want to help, pointing out weak points kindly and without blasphemous blasphemy to the whole world. And we are witnessing with our own eyes attempts to create a negative image around the Cossacks, to say the least.
- Indeed, even the headlines “work” for this: “Will the Cossacks become robbers?”, “Why does the Cossack need a gun?”, “Alternative law enforcement agencies” ... Even if the material is not read out of disgust, it will be deposited in the subconscious!
And this is done purposefully and methodically!
Here, for example, is what one of the "independent" newspapers consistently wrote and writes. She calls the Cossack squads for the protection of public order "alternative law enforcement agencies", although the squads operate on the basis of federal and regional legislation and in conjunction with law enforcement agencies, and not in defiance of them! This was posted on March 11 this year.
And earlier, on January 21, the same newspaper issued a provocative statement: “But the fact remains - the Cossack formations with their unclear legal status and unclear sphere of responsibility will now receive weapons ... And this will be done, as you might guess, with our money ... Necessary funds for the purchase of a large batch of "injury" will be allocated from the regional budget.
In this regard, I will especially emphasize: calling the Cossack people's squads a formation is not a mistake of an illiterate journalist, it is a deliberate substitution, because the word “formation” evokes only one association among people who survived the 90s: “armed bandit formations”.
They want to present the Cossacks just like that. Like, the legal status of the Cossack squads is unclear, the responsibility is also, but they will be given weapons and even paid from the regional treasury. And the treasury, as you know, is formed, including from taxes. What should the layman think in such a situation?
Not everyone, even a completely legally literate person, knows that, according to the law, everyone (every citizen of Russia!) Has the right to buy a traumatic weapon only for himself. At the same time, he must pass a medical examination, all checks and obtain permission. What is the treasury and what is the regional budget?!
Here we see something else - the conscious demonization of the Cossacks and inciting other peoples and other segments of the population against them. I repeat: conscious, because not a single material pointing to “mistakes” and “weak legal literacy” appeared in the newspaper! But the newspaper is responsible for the content, this is its editorial policy!
The Cossacks have always been the backbone of their country, and if they are united, if they are strong, they are invincible! This means that Russia is also invincible. Even after going through the most severe repressions, genocide, the Cossacks retained their morality, spirituality, strong foundations of life. We teach our children diligence, decency, patriotism. And everyone who sees this with their own eyes is imbued with the deepest respect for the Cossack people ...
— We know how closely the Russian Orthodox Church and the Kuban Cossack army interact. Recently, in our region, by decision of the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church, a metropolis was formed, which includes five dioceses. How do you, Nikolai Alexandrovich, as an ataman and a true believer, assess what happened? How will relations between the Kuban army and the newly formed dioceses be built?
— Both as a believer and as an ataman of the Kuban Cossack army, I rejoice that the diocese of Ekaterinodar and Kuban, headed by His Eminence Metropolitan Isidore, has become so strong that it has risen to the metropolis. This is the natural fruit of Vladyka's labors, and I congratulated him from the bottom of my heart.
Relations with the metropolia as a whole and with the individual dioceses that make up it are now being built in the same way as before: we are working together so that the original Cossack spirituality, which has been destroyed for so many decades, is revived and strengthened. And now this work will become even closer and more intense.
For example, before the transformation of the Yekaterinodar and Kuban diocese into a metropolis, the presence of Vladyka Isidore at the gathering of even the largest department of the Kuban Cossack army was (due to his enormous employment) difficult: His Eminence alone carried the entire hierarchal burden. But the presence of a bishop is not only an indicator of respect and attention to the Cossacks. This is the most powerful spiritual incentive for the churching of the Cossacks and their families, the way to the revival of our traditional spirituality!
Now, each of the five dioceses covers a smaller number of departments of the army, and, accordingly, a smaller number of district Cossack societies. This means that each lord and each separate (district) ataman will be able to meet more often and work more closely. After all, the Cossacks are still building and restoring churches, patronizing the parishes. And in many parishes, they and their families form the backbone of communities. I am sure that now the process of churching the Cossacks will become more intense. I am also sure that soon the newly appointed archpastors will be blessed by the metropolitan to participate in both reporting and election and reporting meetings of departments and districts. At the end of March, deans from the newly formed dioceses were participants in a meeting of the council of atamans of the KKV and discussed with them the issues of the revival of the Cossacks precisely as the army of Christ. And, I can assure you, they discussed it very actively and with interest.
- In the good old days, and even in the Soviet years, the cult of the family as a cell of society was preserved. We know that you pay great attention to the revival of the best traditions in Cossack families. Are there positive changes taking place here? Is it possible to restore what was lost? And even more so to resist what today is aimed at destroying (let's not be afraid of this word) family foundations - many TV shows, the Internet and the yellow press?
- For the Cossack and the Cossack, the family has always been a shrine, and it remains so. During the time of decossackization and genocide, when even pronouncing the word “Cossack” was dangerous for life, it was the traditions by which Cossack families lived at all times that allowed our people to survive and maintain integrity, not to dissolve in the general mass.
Yes, much is being purposefully done now not just for destruction, but for the destruction of the institution of the family as such. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to rid society of "black" propaganda. As an ataman of the Kuban Cossack army, I raised and raise this issue everywhere and at every opportunity: at meetings of the Council for Cossack Affairs under the President of the Russian Federation, and at a meeting on spiritual, moral and patriotic education chaired by the head of state, and at the World Congress of Cossacks. This is a security issue for all of Russia!
But to expect that this is enough is wrong. We need to act ourselves. It is quite well known how we bring up our children and young Cossacks in this regard. But the fact that work with Cossack families, the return to the Cossack family of its highest status in recent years has become one of the main priorities of the Kuban Cossack army, is still much less known.
Nevertheless, you probably already noticed that two of our main holidays - the anniversary of the Kuban Cossack army according to the seniority of its oldest regiment and the Day of the Kuban Cossacks since 2011, we are no longer celebrating in Krasnodar, but directly in the historical departments and district of the army. And every time we appoint a “capital” for these holidays, in which the parade and main celebrations take place. Parents, wives, children, brothers and sisters of Cossack troops from the municipalities have the opportunity to come to the annual parade in honor of the Day of Rehabilitation of the Cossacks and the anniversary of the signing of the Law on the Rehabilitation of Repressed Peoples.
We do this just to emphasize the prestige of the family, to give it the opportunity to maintain its unity. Since January 2008, we have been holding Ataman Christmas trees of all levels, to which children come with their parents. For two years now, not only Cossacks, but also members of their families have been sent to celebrate the anniversary of the landing of the Cossacks on Taman. Family members also participate in all Cossack commemorations ...
- In the Kuban, under the auspices of the KKV, there are already six cadet corps, dozens of Cossack schools and hundreds of Cossack classes. The right direction has been chosen in reviving the best Cossack traditions, culture, and passing them on to future generations! "Free Kuban", by the way, constantly talks about this wonderful experience. Will cadet corps still open in the region? And what is the relationship between the KKV and the Presidential Cadet Corps, opened a year ago in Krasnodar?
- I am grateful to your newspaper for the persistent propaganda of our unique system of Cossack education: our society really needs this! This academic year, the number of classes and groups of Cossack orientation on the territory of the army has increased to 1576, directly in the Kuban - up to 1300. This is about 35 thousand Cossacks. But, alas, this is no more than five percent of all students! But we teach what is valuable and dear to any people: to respect work, to honor elders, to love your land and your country, to live according to the traditions and customs of the Cossack people, to be truly religious people. Therefore, the head of the region, Alexander Nikolayevich Tkachev, requires us to cover at least 40 percent of Kuban children and youth with a network of "Cossack" education.
Now for us the most important task is a systematic and qualitative increase in the number of classes and groups of Cossack orientation, attracting more students to them. With regard to the Cossack cadet corps: in two of them, Yeisk and Primorsko-Akhtar, in the near future the number of pupils will increase to two hundred and one hundred, respectively. We do not plan to open new cadet corps for boys yet, but there are plans to create a school for Cossack girls.
Why, by increasing the number of classes and groups of Cossack orientation, we do not strive to increase the number of Cossack cadet corps, although six is not so much? We have already, in principle, covered the entire region with their network, and now it is important for us to create such a system of Kuban Cossack cadet education that will allow us to educate not only highly educated, intellectually developed, but also spiritually rich people. After all, graduates of the Kuban Cossack cadet corps are the backbone of the elite. And the elite must first of all be spiritually developed, selfless, patriotic, selflessly devoted to their native land and their people. She must be a model!
We are already seeing the first results of this system. Our cadet corps are constantly among the best in Russia: last year, two out of six corps entered the top ten. Cadets of the Kropotkin Cossack Corps, for example, became the undisputed winners of the All-Russian Cossack Game "Cossack Flash" and won 101 medals at once. To fight like that, you need to have a real Cossack spirit!
Yes, we are raising the bar high. But the army is counting on the fact that, having matured, the pupils of the cadet corps will become chieftains of all levels, that they will continue to preserve and develop our Cossack people, will finally approve its customs, traditions, its culture and spiritual values ... With the Presidential Cadet Corps, created in city of Krasnodar, our relationship is just being established. My deputies have already given lectures there about the Cossacks, their history, traditions, culture...
— Nikolai Aleksandrovich, as vice-governor, you oversee the most important areas in the regional administration. It is already impossible to imagine the governor's team without such a colorful personality as you are. If it's not a secret, how do you manage to do everything? Where or where do you draw strength?
- You have to keep up mainly due to sleep. Of course, a lot is achieved thanks to the efficient work of my team - deputies, atamans of all levels, commanders of squads and mobile groups, if we are talking about the army. And in the administration of the region - thanks to the ministers, heads of departments and departments and, accordingly, their teams.
I draw strength from my family, whom I love very much! In sports, good books and reliable friends...
Two heads and six legs; four walk, and two lie still
Self-esteem - what is it: concept, structure, types and levels
Cassandra's Path, or Pasta Adventures War on Earth and Underground