Biography according to Nekrasov. Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov - biography, information, personal life

The name of one of the brightest writers of the 19th century is familiar to everyone. Such works as “To whom it is good to live in Russia” and “Grandfather Mazai and hares” are part of the school curriculum of every modern student. Nekrasov's biography includes information known to all admirers of his work.

For example, he is considered not only a poet, but also a publicist. This is a revolutionary democrat, head and editor of the journals Otechestvennye Zapiski and Sovremennik. Lover of card games and hunting. Nekrasov's biography knows many other interesting facts. Our article is dedicated to them.

Who is he?

The native city of the future poet was Ukrainian Nemyriv, where he was born in 1821. Nekrasov Nikolai Alekseevich was born into the family of a military man and the well-bred daughter of a wealthy tenant. According to the poet's memoirs, the parents' marriage was not happy. The mother was always presented as a sufferer, experiencing her female lot. The writer devoted many works to her. Perhaps her image is the only positive hero of Nekrasov's world, which he will carry through all his work. The father will also become the prototype of individual heroes, but more despotic.

Growing up and becoming

After his father retired, Aleksey Sergeevich became a police chief - that was the name of the head of police before. Little Nikolai often traveled with him on business. During this time, he saw a lot of death and poverty. Subsequently, the writer Nekrasov reflected the difficulties of the peasant people in his poems.

In the Yaroslavl gymnasium, he will study until the 5th grade. The first verses will be written in a specially created notebook. Most of the poet's early works are full of sad images and impressions. When he turns 17, his father, who dreamed of a military career, will send his son to a noble regiment.

Nekrasov's first independent decision was the desire to enter St. Petersburg University. This was facilitated by acquaintance with students who became good friends. He failed the exam, enrolling in the Faculty of Philology as a volunteer. For two years, Nekrasov attends lectures and does not abandon his job search - an angry Nekrasov Sr. refused to help him financially. During this period, the poet experiences terrible suffering, left homeless, and even hungry. In an overnight shelter for 15 kopecks, he wrote a petition for someone. This was the first episode of his life when the future profession brought money.

Finding your direction

The hardships were not in vain for the writer. He himself understood what the hardships of life are. Nekrasov's life soon improved. Literary Gazette published his works, and he himself worked diligently in all directions: he wrote vaudeville, alphabets, poetry and prose.

The first collection of poems "Dreams and Sounds" Nekrasov released on his own savings. Criticism about the book was divided equally - some considered it commendable, others spoke unflatteringly. Like Gogol, the frustrated Nekrasov bought up and then destroyed almost all of its copies. In our time, "Dreams and Sounds" has acquired the status of a literary rarity, which is extremely difficult to find.

Recognition follows failure

The fact that the poems were not sold out made the writer think, to study the reason for his defeat. Nekrasov Nikolai Alekseevich discovered a new genre - prose. He came on easier. In it, the author reflects life experience, impressions of the city, where he seeks to show all his classes. These are peddlers, officials, deceived women, usurers and the poor. Not stopping there, Nekrasov introduces a humorous subtext, which became the basis of several subsequent works.

The creative upsurge of the writer falls on the release of his own almanacs. Nekrasov's life does not seem to him without publishing, which he associates with the rental of Sovremennik in 1847. Many talented poets moved to the magazine, including Belinsky, who was always the first to get acquainted with Nekrasov's new works and gave his feedback. Among those for whom Sovremennik became a launching pad were: Turgenev, Ogarev, Ostrovsky, Chernyshevsky, Dobrolyubov, Saltykov-Shchedrin and others. Everyone contributed something of his own, making Sovremennik the best literary publication. Nekrasov himself is published in it, remaining its leader.

Satire is a way to laugh at society

The writer's creative path is invariably associated not only with the search for himself, but also for other directions in which to work. Nekrasov's biography cannot ignore the love of satire, which he discovered in the later years of his work. A number of satirical works have been published. In this genre, the writer exposes social foundations, describes topical topics with subtlety, uses methods of sincere intonations and vaudeville components. In a word, he deftly uses the richness of the Russian language, using the grotesque, sarcasm, farce and irony.

At this time, “Who in Russia should live well” is born. The poem on a peasant theme touches on the main idea - feeling freedom, does the Russian people experience happiness? In 1875, the poet falls ill. Telegrams and letters from readers come to him, which gives new inspiration for his latest works. A huge number of people came to the funeral at the Novodevichy cemetery. Among them was Dostoevsky, who called Nekrasov the third writer after Pushkin and Lermontov. Dates of Nekrasov's life - November 28, 1821 (born) - December 27, 1877 (died).

personal happiness

What can be said about a person who felt and saw with his own eyes all the misfortunes of the peasants and the working class, to whom he devoted so much to his works? Was he happy himself?

Of course, Nekrasov's biography provides information that the poet loved Avdotya Panaeva, the wife of the writer Ivan Panaev. Their relationship has gone down in history as one of the strangest. And although Ivan Panaev was known as a reveler, his wife remained a decent woman. At first, she rejected both Nekrasov and Dostoevsky, who was also in love with her. And soon she confessed to the reciprocal feelings for the first. Nekrasov moved into her house, forming a love triangle Nekrasov-Panaeva-Panaev. So they lived for 16 years. The birth of Nekrasov's son and his imminent death are connected with the death of Panaev. The poet falls into depression, which served as a break in relations at the initiative of Avdotya.

The village girl Fyokla Viktorova became the new chosen one of the writer. The age difference was 25 years. He gave the uneducated woman the name Zinaida. He takes her to theaters and tries to enlighten her in every possible way.

Place in literature

Every writer leaves his mark. Nekrasov Nikolai Alekseevich was one of the brightest authors of the 19th century, who left a legacy of many works endowed with depth and philosophy. Libraries, museums and other cultural institutions bear his name. The central streets of many Russian cities are named after the writer. Monuments and postage stamps are dedicated to him. According to many writers, his work was not fully appreciated during his lifetime. However, this loss is replenished in our time.

In the city of Nemirov, Vinnitsa region, in 1821, on November 28, the future Russian poet and literary figure Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov was born. His father was a military man, who later left the service and settled in his family estate in the village of Greshnevo (now it is called Nekrasovo). Mother, daughter of rich parents, married against their will.

Childhood

Briefly dwelling on his childhood years, he says that they were not particularly happy. My father was of a tough and even cruel temper. The boy felt sorry for his mother and carried through his whole life sympathizing with her difficult fate. At the same time, observing with his own eyes the difficult peasant life, Nekrasov was imbued with the cares and hardships of his father's serfs.

School years

In 1832, the future poet was sent to the Yaroslavl gymnasium. Nekrasov's biography briefly describes this period because the boy quickly completed his education, barely reaching the fifth grade. This was partly due to problems with studies, partly due to a conflict with the leadership of the gymnasium on the basis of the satirical rhymes of the young poet.

Universities

Being a military man in the past, his father predicted the same career for his son. Therefore, Nekrasov goes to St. Petersburg to enter the service of the Noble Regiment. But this was not destined to happen. A meeting with a high school friend turned his fate upside down. He, despite his father's threats to leave him without a penny of money, is trying to enter the university. The attempt was unsuccessful, and Nekrasov becomes a volunteer at the Faculty of Philology.

Three years of deprivation (1838 - 1841), starvation rations, communication with beggars - this is all Nekrasov's biography. Briefly, this period can be described as years of need and deprivation.

Literary activity and the first attempt at writing

Gradually, Nekrasov's affairs began to improve. Articles in newspapers, essays for popular publications, writing vaudeville under the name of Perepelsky allowed the poet to make some savings, which were used to release a small collection of poems called Dreams and Sounds. The opinions of critics were contradictory: Nekrasov's biography briefly mentions Zhukovsky's favorable reviews and Belinsky's dismissive ones. This so stung the poet that he bought up editions of his poems in order to destroy them.

Collaboration with the Otechestvennye Zapiski magazine, the lease of Sovremennik in 1846 - this is all a brief biography of Nekrasov as a literary figure. Belinsky, having become better acquainted with the young poet, appreciated him and contributed a lot to Nekrasov's success in the field of publishing. In 1948, despite the reactionary trends, Sovremennik was the best and most popular magazine of that time.

In the mid-1950s, the writer Nekrasov, whose biography was overshadowed by a serious illness, left for Italy to restore his health. Returning to his homeland, he joins public life with renewed vigor. Surrendering to the rapid flow of the progressive movement, communicating with Dobrolyubov and Chernyshevsky, Nekrasov tries on the role of a citizen poet and adheres to these views until his death.

In 1877, on December 27, after a long illness, Nekrasov died. He was buried on the territory accompanied by thousands of people, which was the first national recognition of his work.

Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov is one of the brightest representatives of his time, a revolutionary, poet and prose writer. He became famous for his outstanding publishing activity and unique literary gift, a classic of our literature. He was one of the first to introduce dactylic rhymes of the three-syllable type and by this he showed the expressiveness and literary beauty of Russian versification. A summary of the biography of this talented person is very interesting for review.

Family and childhood

He was born into the family of a lieutenant and a poor nobleman Alexei Sergeevich Nekrasov on November 28 (December 10) in 1821. Before the resignation of his father, the family lived in Nemirovo (Podolsk province). After the end of the service, when the future writer was 3 years old, the head of the family moved his wife with 13 children to a family nest in the Yaroslavl province, located in the village of Greshnevo. Mom led a secluded life. She became the first teacher of Nekrasov, who instilled in him a love of books and literature. And his father had a violent temper, was despotic, so the boy grew up in an atmosphere of cruel paternal reprisals against his family and peasants. Since childhood, he saw the oppression of the common people, and this will subsequently become a red thread in his work.

Studies

Since 1832, Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov entered the provincial gymnasium to study. He was 11 years old. The study was difficult, since his first satirical poems were not to the liking of the leadership of the educational institution. At the age of 16, he wrote down his early poems in a personal notebook. His first work had a negative connotation of complex childhood memories. After five classes of study, the gymnasium had to be left, due to the father's refusal to pay for education.

Nekrasov's father wanted a military career for his son, so at the age of 17 (1838) he was sent at the disposal of the noble unit of the troops of St. Petersburg. The young man, against the will of the parent and due to personal circumstances, decides to try out for another educational institution. Having failed an attempt to become a student at St. Petersburg University, Nekrasov gets a job as a free student in a philological course. Such a daring act in the biography of Nekrasov was sharply perceived by his father. For disobedience, the young man was completely deprived of parental material support. He was forced to survive by earning a modest salary from writing poems and stories to order.

Creativity of Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov

A summary of the biography of the great classic tells about the events of 1840-1843 as well, as about the time that made it possible to reveal the full power and fullness of his gift. These years were marked for Nekrasov by the beginning of cooperation with the theatrical magazine "Pantheon", and the department of the biographical magazine "Domestic Notes". And also during that period there was a rapprochement with Belinsky, whose arguments were close to him (1843).

Undoubtedly, Nekrasov's achievements include high organizational skills, since, while still a fairly young man in 1854-1846, he managed to become a publisher of the works of works by such figures of Russian literature as Dostoevsky and Turgenev, and also fruitfully interact with Belinsky in the famous almanac of that time "Petersburg Collection" and the popular publication "Physiology of Petersburg".

By 1847, being a 26-year-old ambitious man, Nekrasov, in partnership with the critic I. I. Panaev, bought out the Sovremennik, which was fateful in his life, where he took the position of publisher and editor. The best minds of Russian literature were brought to work in the editorial office: Goncharov, Turgenev, Herzen. This made it the most influential publication of the democracy movement. This publication ceased to exist in 1862 due to a government ban.

This segment of Nekrasov's autobiography is rich in writing his most famous works, the idea of ​​​​which is the plight of ordinary people: "Peasant Children", "Frost, Red Nose", "Railway". Listing the summary of the works of those years, it is impossible not to mention "The Poet and the Citizen", Peddlers", "Reflections at the front door". These works were a symbol of his indifference to the reforms of the 60s, which produced a public upsurge.

In a brief narrative of the poet's biography, the year 1868 should be mentioned: at that time, Nekrasov took custody of Kraevsky, already known to him through cooperation in earlier years, the journal “Domestic Notes”. This period of time was marked by the writing of the poem "Who Lives Well in Russia", "Grandfather" and "Russian Women", as well as several satirical poems, including "Contemporaries".

Personal

In 1862, Nekrasov bought the Karabikha estate, located in the vicinity of the Yaroslavl region. This place becomes a place to spend the summer period, where he meets friends and enjoys hunting.

Nekrasov's biography tells that in his entire life he loved three women. 15 years of civil marriage, he was associated with Panaeva Avdotya Yakovlevna. She is called the main love of his life. Selina Lefren, a Frenchwoman by birth, was a sinful passion in the fate of the poet for a short time. This lady squandered a significant part of Nekrasov's money, as a result she left him. The last wife of the poet was the village girl Viktorova Fyokla Anisimovna. They got married six months before Nekrasov's death.

The last years of Nekrasov's life

Poetic works from the cycle "Last Songs" (1877) were created by the poet during the years of his serious illness, which lasted from 1875. After the operation, the disease did not recede, and in 1878 the great Russian classic died on January 8 in St. Petersburg. Farewell to Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov had the color of a political manifesto. In those frosty days, several thousand people came to the funeral, which took place at the Novodevichy cemetery in St. Petersburg.

(453 words) Nikolai Nekrasov cannot be attributed to a single profession, in his work he was multifaceted: he was fond of prose, poetry, and journalism. Therefore, his personality is very multifaceted, and his life path is thorny and varied.

The writer was born on November 28, 1821 in the Podolsk province in the city of Nemirov. His parents - Alexei Nekrasov and Elena Zakrevskaya - had different social status and financial situation, so their marriage was not blessed by their parents. However, this did not prevent them from creating a large family in which the future writer and 13 more children were born.

Life in the house could not be called carefree and happy. The cruelty and despotism of the father ran counter to the tenderness and complaisance of the mother, conflicts arose that left a mark on the life and work of the poet.

Youth and education

Nekrasov's education began at the age of 11 with admission to the gymnasium. After a couple of years, he begins to compose his first satirical poems. However, the gymnasium did not accept such creativity, so in 1837 Nekrasov was forced to leave the institution and move to St. Petersburg.

There the writer faced a choice: education or military service. Nekrasov's father, being himself a military man, insisted on a military career and gave his son an ultimatum - either military service or deprivation of material assistance. The son chose education. As promised, the poet lost his financial support, and, moreover, did not enter the university. Then he became a volunteer of the Faculty of Philology.

History of success

Finding himself in a difficult financial situation, Nekrasov is forced to find ways to secure his existence. So he begins to write petitions and complaints to order in order to have at least some means.

After such a difficult period of life, luck still smiles at the poet. In 1846, Nekrasov, together with his friend I. Panaev, bought out the Sovremennik magazine, where I. Goncharov, I. Turgenev, F. Dostoevsky and others began their journey. The unstable situation in the country, changes in the format of censorship and the assassination of Emperor Alexander II inexorably led the magazine to close.

The next refuge of the author was "Domestic Notes". During this period, the famous works of the writer are published - “Who should live well in Russia”, “Russian Women”, “Grandfather”, in which the author raises such topical issues as devotion, love for the Motherland, the values ​​​​of freedom and happiness.

Personal life

In the personal life of the writer, 3 women left their mark. It is believed that he had the strongest love for Ivan Panaev's wife, Avdotya Panaeva. The couple Avdotya and Nikolai had a son, who soon died. After this tragedy, the lovers parted. Then Nekrasov left for Paris with actress Celine Lefren, but after some time he leaves her and returns to his homeland.

Later, a simple village girl Fyokla Viktorova appears in his fate, who becomes his only legal wife.

Death

In 1875, Nekrasov was diagnosed with a serious illness - intestinal cancer. In 1877, on January 8, the writer dies in the city of Petersburg.

Nikolai Nekrasov made a truly significant contribution to Russian literature. Being a witness of peasant life, he was able to describe the events that took place in the country as truthfully as possible. Thanks to this, he received the unofficial status of the writer closest to the people.

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SUMMARY ON LITERATURE
ON THE TOPIC:
“LIFE AND WORK OF N.A. NEKRASOVA

There is no such person in Russian literature, in all literature, before whom, with love and reverence, they would bow lower than before the memory of Nekrasov.
A.V. Lunacharsky

1. Childhood. Gymnasium (1821-1838)

Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov entered the history of Russian literature as a great poet, whose work is rooted in the deep layers of folk life, as a poet-citizen, who devoted all his life, all his enormous talent to serving the people. With good reason, the poet at the end of his life could say: "I dedicated the lyre to my people."
Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov was born on November 28 (December 10), 1821 in the town of Nemirovo, Bratslav district, Podolsk province in Ukraine, where the regiment in which his father served was stationed at that time.
In 1824, the Nekrasov family moved to Greshnevo, where the future poet spent his childhood. Childhood years left a deep mark in the mind of Nekrasov. Here he first encountered many dark aspects of the life of the people, here he witnessed the cruel manifestations of serfdom: poverty, violence, arbitrariness, humiliation of human dignity.
The poet's father Alexei Sergeevich Nekrasov (1788-1862) belonged to a rather old but impoverished family. In his youth, he served in the army, and after his retirement, he took up farming. A stern and wayward man, he cruelly exploited his peasants. 3and the slightest fault of the serfs was punished with rods. The poet's father did not disdain fisticuffs either.
That is why, many years later, the poet wrote with such bitterness about his childhood:
Not! in my youth, rebellious and severe,
There is no remembrance that pleases the soul;
But all that, having entangled my life from the first years,
An irresistible curse fell on me, -
Everything began here, in my native land! ..
("Motherland")
It is difficult to say what would have become of the young Nekrasov, whose upbringing took place in such an unattractive environment.
But Nekrasov was saved by the fact that his mother, Elena Andreevna (nee Zakrevskaya), was next to him. The poet said more than once that she saved his soul from corruption, that it was his mother who inspired him with the idea of ​​life in the name of "ideals of goodness and beauty."
A woman surprisingly soft, kind, well-educated, Elena Andreevna was the complete opposite of her rude and narrow-minded husband. Marriage with him was a real tragedy for her, and she gave all her love and tenderness to her children. Elena Andreevna was seriously engaged in their education, she read a lot to them, played the piano for them and sang.
Little Nekrasov was passionately attached to his mother, he spent long hours with her, devoted his innermost dreams to her. In his poems, he repeatedly recalled the “sad look”, and the “quiet step” of his mother, and the “pale hand” that caressed him.
Until the end of his days, Nekrasov remembered his mother with deep emotion, adoration and love. He wrote about her in the poems "Motherland", "Knight for an hour", "Bayushki-bayu", "The Recluse", in the poems "Unfortunate" and "Mother".
The poet saw a lot of grief and suffering in childhood. But this did not harden his soul. And to a large extent this was facilitated by the fact that he grew up in close proximity to the common people. His father forbade him to make acquaintance with the children of serfs. However, as soon as the father went somewhere, the boy secretly ran away to the village, where he had many friends.
Communication with peasant children had the most beneficial effect on Nekrasov, and he retained warm feelings for his childhood friends for the rest of his life. And, already, as an adult, coming to Greshnevo, he could say with good reason:
All familiar people
Whatever a man, then a friend.
In 1832, Nekrasov, together with his brother Andrei, entered the Yaroslavl gymnasium. Nekrasov studied unevenly. And this is not surprising. He, like many other students, was deeply antipathetic to the education system in the gymnasium, and the teachers did not arouse in him either self-respect or interest in the disciplines they taught. Comrades loved Nekrasov for his lively and sociable character, for his erudition and ability to tell.
Nekrasov did indeed read a lot, although rather chaotically. He took books from the gymnasium library, sometimes he turned to the teachers of the gymnasium.
Nekrasov's interest in creativity awakened very early. As he himself said, “I started writing poetry at the age of seven. But before entering the gymnasium, he wrote poetry only occasionally, And of course, these were weak, naive attempts to rhyme a few lines. Now, however, he began to take poetry more seriously. At first, Nekrasov tried to write satires on his comrades, and then lyrical poems. “And most importantly,” the poet recalled, “whatever I read, I imitate.”
In the summer of 1837, Nekrasov left the gymnasium.
For a whole year Nekrasov lived at home, in Greshnev. And all this time he was relentlessly pursued by the thought: what to do next. The father wanted his son to enter the Noble Regiment (that was the name of the military educational institution for the children of the nobles) and receive a military education. But the military career did not attract the future poet at all. Nekrasov dreamed of studying at the university, and then doing literary work.

2. Petersburg. The beginning of literary activity

Nekrasov was not yet seventeen years old when he, filled with the most optimistic hopes, arrived in St. Petersburg.
It was not possible to enter the university: the knowledge gained in the gymnasium turned out to be too scarce. We had to think about our daily bread. There were acquaintances who tried to help the young poet and attach his poems to print. Several of Nekrasov's works were published in the magazines "Son of the Fatherland", "Literary additions to the "Russian invalid" and later in the "Library for Reading". But beginning writers were paid little there. A life full of hardships began. Nekrasov wandered through the St. Petersburg slums, lived in basements and attics, earned money by copying papers, compiling all kinds of petitions and petitions for poor people.
But the hardships of life did not break Nekrasov, did not shake his passionate desire to learn. He continued to dream of entering the university and studied hard for the exams. However, despite the help of friends, he did not succeed in fulfilling his dream. True, Nekrasov was accepted as a volunteer and was even exempted from paying for listening to lectures.
On the advice of one of his acquaintances, Nekrasov decided to collect his printed and handwritten poems and publish them as a separate book called Dreams and Sounds.
Dream and Sounds was published in early 1840. Nekrasov hid his name under the initials N.N.
The poet himself judged his early work very severely. “I wrote a lot of rubbish because of bread,” he noted in Autobiographical Notes, “especially my stories, even later ones, are very bad - just stupid ...”.

3. Commonwealth with Belinsky. Beginning of "Contemporary"

In 1842, an event occurred that was a turning point in Nekrasov's life: he introduced and soon became friends with Belinsky. By that time, the great critic was at the center of the literary movement of the era, and his worldview was already acquiring a revolutionary-democratic character. Belinsky took the most ardent part in the fate of the young poet. He guessed in Nekrasov an outstanding person and in every possible way contributed to the development of his talent.
Nekrasov had much in common with the great critic.
Later, Nekrasov spoke about the beneficial influence of Belinsky on the formation of his views:
You taught us to think humanely,
Almost the first to remember the people,
Almost the first you spoke
About equality, about brotherhood, about freedom...
("Bear Hunt")
According to F. M. Dostoevsky, Nekrasov "was in awe of Belinsky and, it seems, loved him more than anyone in his life."
Belinsky closely followed the work of Nekrasov, helped with advice, tried to involve him in more active cooperation in the journal Otechestvennye Zapiski, where he headed the critical department.
From now on, every poem by Nekrasov was perceived in Belinsky's circle as an event.
One after another, Nekrasov’s poems about peasant life appear: about the fate of the “Vakhlak man” who dared to fall in love with a noble daughter (“Gardener”), about the poor man, for whom only one road is prepared - “to the tavern” (“Drunkard”), about rural beauty, which awaits the bitter fate of a Russian woman ("Troika").
In the mid-1840s, Nekrasov began active work as a publisher. In 1844-1845, Nekrasov published two volumes of the almanac "Physiology of Petersburg", and in 1846 - "Petersburg Collection".
The almanacs "Physiology of Petersburg" and "Petersburg Collection" were warmly received by the public and were highly appreciated by leading critics represented by Belinsky.
Success inspired Nekrasov, and he conceived a new literary venture - to publish his own magazine. With the help of friends, the poet, together with the writer I. I. Panaev, at the end of 1846, rented the magazine Sovremennik. Nekrasov made a complete reorganization of the magazine. V. G. Belinsky, A. I. Herzen, I. S. Turgenev, I. A. Goncharov and other leading writers and poets of that time became the leading contributors to Sovremennik.
The first issue of the updated Sovremennik went out of print in January 1847.

4. Creativity of Nekrasov in the 1850s

Back in the early 1850s, Nekrasov fell seriously ill. The disease progressed every year: the years of poverty, hunger, hard, exhausting labor affected. The poet was convinced that his days were numbered, and decided that it was time for him to take stock of his creative path. To this end, he undertook the publication of a collection of poems, for which he selected the best works written by him in the period from 1845 to 1856 and most fully reflecting the characteristic features of his poetic muse.
The collection "Poems by N. Nekrasov" was published in the spring of 1856. His appearance became an important social and literary event.
The collection was opened by Nekrasov's programmatic poem "The Poet and the Citizen", where the idea was clearly voiced that poetry is an important public matter, that the poet has no right to shy away from the struggle for progressive ideals, that his duty is to be a citizen of his homeland, fearlessly going into battle "for the honor of the fatherland, for beliefs, for love":
Be a citizen! serving the art
Live for the good of your neighbor
Subordinating your genius to feeling
All-embracing love...
The composition of the collection "Poems by N. Nekrasov" was deeply thought out by the poet. At the beginning of it, Nekrasov placed works depicting the life of representatives of the people. These are such poems as “On the Road”, “Vlas”, “Gardener”, “Forgotten Village”, etc.
The second section of the collection consisted of works depicting those who exploited and enslaved the people: landowners, officials, bourgeois capitalists. These were, as a rule, satirical poems: “Hound Hunt”, “Lullaby”, “Philanthropist”, “Modern Ode”, “Moral Man”.
In the third section, Nekrasov included the poem "Sasha", in which he was one of the first in Russian literature to raise the question that in the conditions of a powerful social upsurge that had come in the country, a new hero was needed, that the time when the leading role in public life belonged to representatives noble intelligentsia, passed, as they turned out to be unstable in their convictions and could not translate word into deed. The poem depicts a charming image of the girl Sasha, striving to find her place in life and be useful to people:
All her poor friends are friends:
Feeds, caresses and heals ailments.
The collection "Poems by N. Nekrasov" was a huge success. The entire edition sold out in a few days. Such a thing in Russian literature, according to Turgenev, "has not happened since the time of Pushkin.")
The main, fundamental theme of Nekrasov's work has always been the theme of peasant life. No wonder the poet was called the singer of the plowman people, the peasant democrat. He wrote about the hard, joyless life of rural workers throughout his entire career. The poet devoted many of his works to the bitter share of the rural working people: “The Uncompressed Strip”, “The Forgotten Village” and others.
etc.................