Reading letters in English. English from scratch

Sounds expressed by letters are transmitted using transcription marks. How to read the transcription is described on the page: Transcription

What is an open and closed type of syllable: Open and closed syllable

Vowel sounds.

stressed vowels

eɪ]-c a se - [keɪs]- case.

æ ] -t ank - [tæŋk]- cistern, tank.

Vowel + r - [ ɑː ] -c a r - [kɑː]- car, car.

Vowel + r + consonant - [ ɑː ] -p a rk - [pɑːk]- the park.

Vowel + r + vowel - [ eə]-v a ry - [ˈveəri]- vary.

In an open syllable it reads like - [ iː ]-sh e - [ʃiː]- she is.

In a closed syllable it reads like - [ e]-b e t - [bet]- bet, bet

Vowel + r - [ zː ]-h er - [hɜː]- her, her.

Vowel + r + consonant - [ zː ]-t e rm - [tɜːm]- term.

Vowel + r + vowel - [ ɪə ] -m e re - [mɪə]- only.

In an open syllable it reads like - [ aɪ]-l i ne - [laɪn]- line.

In a closed syllable it reads like - [ ɪ ] -b i t - [bɪt]- a bit, a little.

Vowel + r - [ zː ]-s i r - [sɜː]- sir.

Vowel + r + consonant - [ zː ]-th i rd - [θɜːd]- the third.

Vowel + r + vowel - [ aɪə]-h i re - [haɪə]- to rent.

In an open syllable it reads like - [ əʊ ] -z oh ne - [zəʊn] zone, region.

In a closed syllable it reads like - [ ɒ ] -l o t - [lɒt]- lot.

Vowel + r - [ ɔː ] - or - [ɔː ] - or.

Vowel + r + consonant - [ ɔː ] -b orn - [bɔːn]- was born.

Vowel + r + vowel - [ ɔː ] -st o ry - [ˈstɔːri]- story.

In an open syllable it reads like - [ jʊː]-n u de - [njʊːd]- naked.

In a closed syllable it reads like - [ ʌ ] -c u t - [kʌt]- a cut.

Vowel + r - [ zː ]-f u r - [fɜː]- wool, skin.

Vowel + r + consonant - [ zː ]-b urn - [bɜːn]- burn.

Vowel + r + vowel - [ jʊə]-p u re - [pjʊə]- clean.

In an open syllable it reads like - [ aɪ]-m y - [maɪ]- my.

In a closed syllable it reads like - [ ɪ ] -m yth - [mɪθ]- myth.

Vowel + r + vowel - [ aɪə]-t y re - [taɪə]- tire.

Vowel combinations

[iː ]

ee-s ee - [ˈsiː]- see

ea-s ea - [si]- sea

ie-bel ie ve - [bɪˈliːv]- believe

[ɑː ]

a+ss-gr ass - [ɡrɑːs]- grass

a + st - l ast - [lɑːst]- last

a + sk - t ask - [tɑːsk]- task

a+sp-gr asp - [ɡrɑːsp]- grasping

a + lm - c alm - [kɑːm]- calm

ea + r - h ear t - [hɑːt]- a heart

[ɔː ]

au- au thor - [ˈɔːθə ] - author

aw-s aw - [ˈsɔː]- saw, saw

oo + r - d oor - [dɔː]- a door

aught-t aught - [tɔːt]- learned

ought-th ought - [θɔːt]- thought

a + l - w all l - [wɔːl]- wall

a + lk - t alk - [ˈtɔːk]- conversation, conversation

wa+r- war m - [wɔːm]- warm

[ɒ ]

wa- want - [wɒnt]- to want

[uː]

oo-t oo - [tuː]- too, too

ou-gr oup - [ɡruːp]- Group

[juː]

ew-n ew - [njuː]- new

[ʊ ]

oo-b oo k - [b'k]- book

[zː ]

ea + r - l earn - [lɜːn]- teach, study

wo+r- wor k - [ˈwɜːk]- Job

[ʌ ]

o-s o n - [sʌn]- son

ou-c ou try - [ˈkʌntri]- the country

oo-fl ood - [flʌd]- flood

[eɪ]

ai - r ai n - [reɪn]- rain

ay-d ay - [deɪ]- day

ey-th ey - [ˈðeɪ]- they

eigh- eigh-t - [eɪt]- eight

[aɪ]

i + gn - s ign - [saɪn]- sign

i + ld-ch ild - [tʃaɪld]- child

i + nd - bl ind - [bland]- blind

igh-n high-t - [naɪt]- night

[ɔɪ ]

oi- oi l - [ɔɪl]- oil, petroleum

oy-t oy - [tɔɪ]- a toy

[aʊ]

ou- ou t - [aʊt]- from, outside

ow-d ow n - [daʊn]- down

[əʊ ]

oa-c oa t - [ˈkəʊt]- coat

ow-kn ow - [nəʊ]- know

o + ll - t all - [təʊl]- losses

o+ld-c old - [kəʊld]- cold

[ɪə ]

ea + r - n ear - [nɪə]- near, about

ee + r - engine eer - [ɛndʒɪˈnɪə]- engineer

[eə]

ai + r - ch air - [tʃeə]- chair

e + re - th ere - [ðeə]- there, there

ea + r - b ear - [beə]- bear

[ʊə ]

oo + r - p oor - [pʊə]- poor

our-t our - [tʊə]- tour, travel

consonant sounds.

Consonant combinations

[k]-lu ck - [l'k]- luck, chance

[ʃ ] - sh ip - [ʃɪp]- ship

[tʃ] - ch ip - [tʃɪp]- chip

[tʃ]-ca tch - [kætʃ]- catch, catch

[ɵ ] - thick - [θɪk]- thick

[ð ] - th is - [ðɪs]- this, this, this

[f] - Ph one - [fəʊn]- telephone

[kw] - Quite - [kwaɪt]- enough

[n] - knife - [naɪf]- knife

[ƞ ] -thi ng - [θɪŋ ] -

[ƞk]-si nk - [sɪŋk]- sink, drain

wh + o - [h] - who - [hu]- who

wh + other vowels - [w] - what - [wɒt]- what

wr at the beginning of a word before vowels - [r] - wr iter - [raɪtə]- writer

Consonant sounds that have two reading options.

Reads like [ s] before: e, i, y. ni c e - [naɪs]- good, city - [ˈsɪti]- city.

And How [ k] in other cases: with ome - [kʌm]- to come, catch - [kætʃ]- catch.

Reads like [ ʤ ] before: e, i, y. lar g e - [lɑːdʒ]- big, en gine - [ˈendʒɪn]- engine.

Exceptions: get - [et]- receive, be gin - [bɪˈɡɪn]- start, give - [ɡɪv]- to give.

And How [ g] in other cases: g ood - [ɡʊd]- good, nice goo - [ɡəʊ ] - go, go.

Types of reading

Additional material, partially duplicating the previous one. Taken from another source and given for a deeper understanding of this topic.

The tables show how to pronounce diphthongs, vowels and consonants correctly in English. The sound transmitted by a letter or combination of letters is indicated using transcription marks, and the pronunciation of English sounds indicated by Russian letters should be understood as a hint for transcription, and not as the exact pronunciation of English sounds.

Rules for reading vowels

	Phonetic symbols	Approximate Russian sound
			Word	Transcription
Table. Types of reading in English. Vowel sounds.
I,Y	ɪ	and Short, open "and"	i t it	ɪt	(it)
			si x six	seks	(six)
			empty	ˈɛm(p)ti	(empty)
E	e	e How "e" in "this"	e mpty empty	ˈɛm(p)ti	(empty)
			te n ten	ten	(ten)
A	æ	uh Open sound "e" (between "e" and "a")	a nt ant	ænt	(ent)
			map map	map	(map)
O	ɒ	about Short sound "o"	hot hot	hɒt	(hot)
			o range orange	ˈɒrɪn(d)ʒ	(orinch)
U	ʌ	a Short sound "a"	under	ˈʌndə	(ande)
			su n sun	sʌn	(san)
U, OO	u	u short "y" lips are rounded	pu t put	ˈput	(put)
			boo k book	book	(beech)
A, E, ER	ə	uh Short sound "e" (between "e" and "a")	a bout	əˈbaʊt	(about)
			silence	ˈsʌɪləns	(silence)
			lawyer	ˈlɔːjə	(l o´ ye)
EE, EA	i:	and Long sound "and"	ea sy easy	ˈiːzi	(i:zi)
			Queen n queen	kwiːn	(kui:n)
			see see	siː	(si: )
A, AR	ɑ:	a Long and deep "a" sound	ha l half	hɑːf	(ha:f)
			car a car	kɑː	(ka:)
OO	u:	at Long “y” sound without rounding the lips	foo d food	fuːd	(fu:d)
			too, too	tuː	(that: )
ER, IR	h:	yo Reminds me of the "yo" sound in the word "beetroot"	bir d bird	bзːd	(byo:d)
OR, AW	ɔ:	about Long "o" sound	or	ɔː	(about: )
			for m form	ˈfɔːm	(fo:m)
			law	lɔː	(lo:)

Rules for reading consonants

English letters and letter combinations	Phonetic symbols	Approximate Russian sound	Examples of pronunciation of English sounds
			Word	Transcription	Pronunciation in Russian letters
Table. Types of reading in English. consonant sounds.
P	p	P	p en pen	pen	(pen)
			paper	ˈpeɪpə	(P e´ yapa)
			cup	kʌp	(cap)
B	b	b	b oy boy	ˌbɔɪ	(the battle )
			table	ˈteɪb(ə)l	(t ubl)
			pub beer	pʌb	(a pub )
T	t	t Sound "T" but the tongue is not at the teeth, but at the gums.	t en ten	ten	(ten)
			sixteen sixteen	ˌsɪkˈsti:n	(sykstin)
			eight	eɪt	(eyt)
D	d	d	dog dog	dɒɡ	(dog)
			stairs	ˈladə	(l a´ ta)
			bed	bed	(bad)
C, K, CK	k	to	cat cat	kaet	(ket)
			tick ticket	ˈtɪkɪt	(t i´ whale)
			cake	keɪk	(cake)
G	g	G	girl girl	ɡɜ:l	(gyol)
			tiger tiger	ˈtʌɪɡə	(t a´ yoga)
			big	bɪɡ	(big)
CH, TCH	ʧ	h	ch air chair	tʃɛ	(h e´)
			watching ing	ˈwɒtʃɪŋ	(in o´ rank)
			match match	matʃ	(match)
J, G, DGE	ʤ	j	j ump jump	dʒʌmp	(jump)
			log ic logic	ˈlɒdʒɪk	(l o´ jik)
			fridg e refrigerator	fredʒ	(frij)
F, PH	f	f	ph oto photography	ˈfəʊtəʊ	(f o´ utau)
			coffee coffee	ˈkɒfi	(to o´ fi)
			cliff	klɪf	(cleve)
V	v	in	v iew view	vju:	(fuu)
			lover's favorite	ˈlʌvə	(l a´ va)
			fiv e five	faɪv	(five)
TH	θ	with how to sound "with" but the tongue between the teeth	thin	θɪn	(syn)
			Cath erine Katherine	ˈkæθrɪn	(to e´ srin)
			month	mʌnθ	(mons)
TH	ð	h Like the sound "h" but the tongue between the teeth	th is	ðɪs	(zys)
			mother mother	ˈmʌðə	(m a´ ze)
			breath e breathe	bri:ð	(bri:z)
S, C	s	with	s ix six	seks	(syks)
			parc el package	ˈpɑ:s(ə)l	(P a´ sl)
			class class	klɑ:s	(cla:s)
S, Z	z	h	zoo zoo	zu:	(zoo)
			laz y lazy	ˈleɪzi	(l e´ zi)
			dog dogs	dɒɡz	(dogz)
SH	ʃ	w	sh e she	ʃi	(shi)
			fish fishing	ˈfɪʃɪŋ	(f and´ tires)
			wash wash	wɒʃ	(fosh)
S	ʒ	well	vision vision	ˈvɪʒ(ə)n	(in i´ jeng)
			beig e beige	beɪʒ	(beizh)
H	h	X Short exhalation - "x"	h ave to have	haev	(have)
M	m	m	m e me, me	mi:	(mi: )
			farmer farmer	ˈfɑ:mə	(f a´ ma)
			hom e house	həʊm	(home)
N	n	n	name name	ˈneɪm	(n e´ im)
			runn er runner	rʌnə	(R a´ on)
			son son	sʌn	(san)
NG	ƞ	n Nasal sound "n" using the back of the tongue	singer singer	ˈsɪŋə	(with and´ nya)
			boxing	ˈbɒksɪŋ	(b o´ xin)
L	l	l	like like it	ˈlaɪk	(l a´ yk)
			ballet ballet	baleɪ	(b a´ lay)
			football football	ˈfʊtbɔ:l	(f u´ tbo:l)
R	r	R "r" - no vibration	red red	red	(ed)
			lorr y truck	ˈlɒri	(l oh ri)
Y	j	th	y ou you	ju	(Yu )
			lawyer lawyer	ˈlɔ:jə	(l o´ ye)
W	w	at the sound is similar to "y" lips are stretched and rounded	w in win	wɪn	(wine)
			flower flower	ˈflaʊə	(ow a´ ya)

Diphthongs. Reading rules.

English letters and letter combinations	Phonetic symbols	Approximate Russian sound	Examples of pronunciation of English sounds
			Word	Transcription	Pronunciation in Russian letters
Table. Types of reading in English. Diphthongs.
A, AY, AI	eɪ	hey	ai m target	eɪm	(eim)
			say to speak	ˈseɪ	(with hey)
I, UY, Y	ai	ah	I am	ai	(ay)
			buy buy	baɪ	(bay)
OY, OI	ɔɪ	oh	oi l oil	ɔɪl	(oil)
			toy toy	tɔɪ	(toy)
Oh, OW	əu	OU	ow n own	əʊn	(oun)
			ho me house	həʊm	(home)
			low	ləʊ	(low)
OW, OU	au	ay	out out	ˈaʊt	(out)
			cow cow	kaʊ	(kau)
EA, EAR, ER	ɪə	ie "and" + between "e" and "a"	ear	ɪə	(ie)
			bear d beard	bɪəd	(bied)
			here	hɪə	(hie)
AIR, ARE	eə	ea "e" + between "e" and "a"	care	keə	(kee)
			hair hair	heə	(hehe ´ )
URE, OUR	uə	ue "y" + between "e" and "a"	travel tour	tʊə	(tue)
			insure	ɪnˈʃuə	(yingshue ´ )

Hello my dear.

Very often, parents want their children to learn English as soon as possible. And the skill of reading in this matter is far from the last place. But if in Russian at some intuitive level it is clear what needs to be done, then English is already a problem. So mothers turn to me for advice on how to teach a child to read in English.

And today I decided to answer all your questions: how to do it at home, how to do it quickly and correctly, and what exercises you should pay attention to first.

The most important thing before starting

To teach your toddler to read from scratch, you need to learn at least a few words in another language. Believe me, if you immediately sit down to learn to read, you will only get screams, tantrums and a wild disgust for learning the language in the future.

While you are still very young and have not gone to grade 1, just study new words together, memorize them by ear, teach your child to sound English words. It is important that he understands what the word he pronounces means.

Most educational institutions include a foreign language in their curriculum only when students enter the 3rd grade. But it will not be difficult for your baby to start learning the basics immediately after moving into 2nd grade.

By this time, he will already be taught how to read correctly in his native language, he will understand that letters form certain sounds and add up to words. Trust me, in this case, the learning will go much faster. By the way, if your child is already a schoolboy, I advise you.

Where to start!

If we talk about how to properly teach a child to read in English, then the most correct answer would be -. You need to do this in the most interesting ways for the child: teach him with the help of songs, toy cubes or magnets, cards and coloring books - in general, everything that your imagination gets to.

But remember that letters and sounds are different things, especially in English. Therefore, when training, pay special attention to this. By the way, your child will quickly learn this moment if it passes here is a course from LinguaLeo - Milana and I really liked it, so I recommend it - and you can also taste it!))

Increasingly popular among parents and teachers is a method of teaching a child to read, which is called Phonics(Phoenix). Its essence lies in the fact that your children do not learn letters separately from words. They learn the SOUND, which in most cases forms this letter. That is, they remember the letter “s” not as “es”, but as “s”. It's like in Russian: we call the letter "em", but pronounce "Machine".

Remember, my dears, that all children are different and sometimes remember information for a very long time, so do not rush your baby, and even more so move on to learning something new until you have mastered the previous material 100%!

If you want your child to develop their thinking at a super fast pace, you need to practice motor skills. It has long been known that any activity involving manual work will go a long way towards your children's mental victories!

Now new toys are constantly appearing on the market, many of which are pure trinkets!!! Personally, I am only for useful games! Therefore, I strongly advise you here's a thing for your future prodigy. It will definitely please not only your child, but also you. Make the most of your time!

The next stage after the alphabet is reading syllables. Tell your child how vowels connect with consonants, how much they are friends. And only then proceed to the last stage - the words.

Transcription - the basis of the basics

One of the most important points when learning a language both at school and at home is the correct transcription.

Transcription is graphic display of pronunciation(I dedicated it to her, where I sorted out all the icons, gave exercises with answers and shared the secrets of remembering the signs of English transcription ) .

At first, it seems that reading the transcription is simply unrealistic, because there are some incomprehensible “hooks and icons”. But I assure you, everything is much simpler. Below I will show you in the most detailed way how all the sounds of the English language are read. If you already know how the English alphabet sounds, then it will be interesting for you to see how the letters you already know are indicated in transcription.

But besides the sounds that we know from the alphabet, there are also sounds in the English language that are not shown in alphabetical letters, but are created by certain combinations of them. Let's look at their transcription and voicing in Russian speech ().

Unconventional way

There is another way to teach children to read. It is practiced both in teaching the native language and a foreign one. This method consists in starting learning not from parts to the whole, but vice versa, from the whole to parts, that is, from whole words to letters. I would recommend using this method from early childhood - from the age of 3. On you will find popular English words for children (voiced), which, if desired, can be printed and used in the form of cards - so the child will quickly remember not only their translation, but also the correct way of reading.

This method is based on the child's ability to associate the written word and the combination of sounds heard at the same time. And given the fact that usually children's memory is many times better than our adult memory (if there is a moment of interest, of course!), then this method can bring much faster results than the traditional one. I will definitely tell you more about it, but in a separate article. Subscribe to my blog so you don't miss out.

I can also recommend a book « Learn to read English» (wonderful author Evgenia Karlova) - it combines usefulness and interest in a great way. Each parent will be able to teach their child to read English words, as the material is presented in a very accessible form.

Another decent book — How to learn to read in English (M. Kaufman) . What is very remarkable, in parallel with learning to read, there is an acquaintance with the English-speaking culture. This awakens the interest and curiosity of the child in the language ... And interest, as you know, is already 50% of success! If not more...

Practice, practice and more practice.

Oh how I love the practical parts. So today I have prepared for you some exercises with words that will help your child quickly master this difficult task - reading in English. The essence of the exercise is grouping words by sounds. A child, reading a certain group of words, will remember the combinations of letters that he sees at the same time. Thus, a clear concept will form in his head, how this or that word is read. Of course, there are exceptions in English ... a dime a dozen, and you can't keep up with all of them. Therefore, the more your child reads, the faster he will learn to read correctly.

say, may, lay, stay, way, pay, play

mate, fate, rate, late, gate

game, came, make, Kate

sun, fun, run, gun, cut, but, nut

twice, ice, rice, mice, lice

sit, pit, fit

fine, nine, mine, shine, line

not, spot, lot

gone, done

fork, cork

cope, smoke, rose, nose

here, me, fear, tear

pure, cure, lure

mare, bare, dare, care

shy, sky, my, by, buy

And if you still have questions - and I'm sure that if they are not at the moment, then they will definitely appear again - then welcome to the comments. I will be happy to explain to you everything you do not understand, dispel all doubts and help you understand even better how quickly.

Don't forget to subscribe for delicious portions of English!

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And that's all for today.
Till!

If you can't read English, don't despair. In the same USA, almost 14% of the population, that is, 32 million people, cannot read! Moreover, 21% of the population reads at the level of a fifth grader. It's never too late to learn to read English! Read this article and you will understand what you need to pay attention to.

Steps

Honing the basics

Start with the alphabet. The alphabet is the beginning of all beginnings, and you will find 26 of its letters in all words. You can learn the alphabet in many ways, choose the one that you like.

• sing along. It will sound silly, but for many it is the songs that help. The melody allows you to memorize letters with minimal effort, shows the entire alphabet and the relationship between letters.
  • You can listen to the song online or by downloading it to the player.
• Feel. If you're more practical, then make letters out of sandpaper, then look at them, then close your eyes and run your fingers over the letter. After that, name the letter and the sound it denotes. Then take your finger off the paper and draw a letter with it in the air.
• Move. Take magnets in the form of letters of the alphabet and move, move them, forming words out of them over time.
• walk. If in a room, then take a floor covering with the letters of the English alphabet. Say the letter - step on the corresponding square. Ask someone to call you letters, and step on the corresponding squares yourself. Let your whole body participate in the process of learning the alphabet!

1. Distinguish between vowels and consonants. English vowels are denoted by the letters a, e, o, u and i, the remaining letters represent consonants.

   • Vowels seem to open your mouth when pronouncing, consonants, on the contrary, close. Vowels are pronounced without unnecessary sounds, but consonants are pronounced together with other sounds.

2. Use the phonetic method of teaching reading. With this method, you will be able to better understand the relationship between letters and sounds. For example, when you learn when the letter “C” sounds like “sa” and when it sounds like “ka”, or when you notice that the syllable “-tion” reads like “shun”, you are using the phonetic method.

   • Choose a way that is convenient for you from the two classic ones. The first - the so-called. “saw-say” when you learn to read the whole word, or the so-called. “syllabic approach”, in which you first learn to pronounce individual syllables and their combinations, and only then - words.
   • The phonetic method is phonetic because it requires listening to the sound of syllables and words. To do this, you will need an online program, a DVD, or someone willing to help you learn the pronunciation of various combinations of sounds.

3. Learn punctuation marks. It is very important to know what all the small squiggles and dots mean, because they carry a lot of information that is important for a correct understanding of the sentence.

   "Attack" words. This kind of tactic will help you learn the meaning and pronunciation of an unknown word by taking it apart and analyzing it sequentially.

   • Look for visual cues. Check the page for photos, illustrations, or something like that. Look at what is depicted there and how it can intersect with the meaning of the sentence.
   • Voice the word. Slowly, clearly pronounce the word. Then repeat the sounds themselves that make up the word, separately and clearly, starting from the very first.
   • Split the word. Look at the word and see if it contains sounds, prefixes, suffixes, endings, and stems that you already know. Read each such piece, then try to make a whole word out of them and read it.
     • For example, you already know that the prefix “pre” means “before, in advance, in front of”, and the stem “view” means to look. What will the word “preview” mean? If you break it down into parts you know, then you can even guess the meaning - this is a “preview”.
   • Looking for connections. Think about whether the words you don't know are similar to the ones you already know. Think, maybe this is a form of an unknown word, or what part?
     • Alternatively, try using a familiar word in the sentence and see if the meaning is lost. It may turn out that the meanings of the two words are close enough to each other to understand the connection between them.

4. Re-read. Did you read the offer? Let's do it again. Replace unknown words with those you know, and analyze if the sentence makes sense.

   Use your background knowledge. Consider what you already know about the topic of a book, paragraph, or sentence, and use that knowledge to figure out what that word is.

   Make guesses. Look at images, table of contents, chapter headings, maps, diagrams, and other parts of the book. Then, based on what you see, write down what you think about the book as a whole, what could be written in it, etc. Then start reading and see if your guesses are correct.

   Ask questions. After reading the title of the book, the headings, looking at the pictures, etc., write down the questions you have about all of this. Try to answer these questions for yourself as you read the book, and write down your answers. If some questions remain unanswered - well, you will have to look for those who can answer them!

   Visualize. Imagine that you are not reading a book, but watching a movie. Carefully, in all details, imagine the main characters, the setting and try to imagine how the story will unfold in space-time. It will not be superfluous to sketch all this.

   Build connections. Think about it, can you draw parallels with what you read from your own experience? Maybe one of the characters in the book resembles someone you know? Or have you experienced similar situations? Or maybe the book reminds you of a movie? Write down all such connections and intersections that come to your mind - they will help you understand the book more easily.

Most parents want their children to start learning foreign languages ​​as early as possible. Teach them to read, understand, speak. And this is correct, although it implies a large burden on the child. And today we will tell you how to teach a child to read in English. You can start classes from the age of three, and five years is considered the ideal age for learning to read in English. In order for this process to take place with maximum efficiency and painlessly for children, parents need to follow certain recommendations.

First you need to establish a clear sequence of training. Each lesson should be divided into separate parts, the total duration of the entire lesson should not exceed one hour. The presentation of the material is carried out in a form accessible to children's understanding. For preschoolers who are just starting to get acquainted with the English language, bright pictures are suitable. Lots of practice is the key to success.

How to teach a child to read in English: general principles

First, you should start with mastering the alphabet. Each letter is studied separately. The parent says it, and then the baby repeats after him. Already from the second lesson, it is worth supplementing the program by repeating the studied letters in order to consolidate the material.

English for children should take into account certain features of the language:

1. Some letters are read differently depending on their location in the word: G can be pronounced as “j” or “g”, C as “s” or “k”, S as “s” or “z”, etc.
2. At the same time, individual letters of the English alphabet have an external similarity with Russian ones (Н, Х, В, Р, etc.). You need not get confused, because we read these sounds in different ways, for example, “a” in English and Russian, although they are written exactly the same, are pronounced differently - like “a” in Russian and like “hey” in English.
3. Combinations of two letters can give a completely different sound, for example, the, sh, etc.

The discrepancy between the pronunciation of many words and their spelling causes difficulties for children. Psychologically, it is quite difficult for a child who has only recently mastered the Russian alphabet to readjust.

Of particular importance is the correct transcription, which is understood as a graphic display of the pronunciation of letters. It looks complicated only at first glance, in fact, everything is much simpler. Below is a table of pronunciation of vowels in English:

Separately, it is worth dwelling on the combination of vowel sounds that are pronounced differently:

Each vowel in English is read either as in the alphabet or otherwise. In accordance with the alphabet, the letters “a, e, i, o, u” are usually read in those words that end in the letter “y” or that contain more than one syllable. In short words from one word, the end of which is a consonant, the indicated letters should be read differently. This rule crumbs must be learned. The situation is similar with the letter "y". However, the logic here is different: in short words, it is read as in the alphabet, if it is an ending, in long words it is different. It is necessary to regularly reread examples of words with a crumb so that they are better deposited in memory.

Having mastered individual letters, you can proceed to reading words in English. An exercise that involves grouping words by sounds is effective. In the course of reading them, the child remembers letter combinations, thereby forming a clear understanding in his head of how to read a particular word. For example:

• Lay, may, say, stay, play, pay, way
• Game, came, make, Kate
• Sun, gun, fun, nut, cut, but
• Sky, shy, by, my, buy

English classes with young children should begin with reading the easiest words, consisting of one word: dog - dog, box - box, etc. Gradually, you can move on to more difficult words. The principle of "from simple to complex" is fundamental in the course of training.

Learning to read in a playful way - a similar option for young children is optimal. You can use the option of playing with cards or dice. They are painted with bright drawings - an image of one object: a book, a table, a cup, etc. This form of learning allows you to combine the spelling of a particular word, its pronunciation and visualization in your head.

Then you can move on to whole phrases. The sentences should be accessible to the understanding of the child thanks to the words he learned at the preparatory stage. At the same time, attention should be paid to replenishing the vocabulary of the crumbs. To solve the problem, simple phrases filled with various vocabulary are perfect:

• I can see a …cow, three pens, boy
• I can … jump, run, swim

To facilitate the process of reading sentences, you can use pictures with individual words.

The next stage is reading simple texts in English. They should consist of phrases already studied by the child. Some examples of texts:

• Meg is a cat. Meg is small. Meg is black and white. Meg can run and jump.
• Meg is a cat. Mag is small. Meg is black and white. Meg can run and jump.

Perfect for teaching children to read, small rhymes. As the vocabulary is filled with more complex words, you can move on to reading texts of greater saturation. Classes in a playful way will allow children to learn how to read correctly and get the most out of this process. Do not forget to praise the baby for each achievement.

The priority is not the speed of reading, but the understanding of the material. It is necessary not to force the baby to cram, but to ask to read in English with a translation of the words read. At this stage, audio recordings that will teach the child the correct pronunciation will be useful. The child needs to learn how to translate the text. If you do not understand the meaning of what you read, you need to parse the sentences into separate words and translate them. The main thing is the correct pronunciation, the formulation of which should be given close attention from the very beginning of the learning process.

The described tips on how to teach a child to read in English will be of undoubted benefit in this difficult matter. The main thing in the course of training is the unlimited patience of parents. Do not rush the baby: slowly but surely you will come to the desired result. More practice and you'll be fine.