defoe robinson crusoe summary read. Foreign literature abbreviated

Robinson dreamed of traveling since childhood. His parents did their best to persuade him not to go to sea. They have already lost two sons. One brother of Robinson was killed in battle with the Spaniards, the second was missing. But in spite of everything, on September 1, 1651, Robinson Crusoe sailed from Hull to London.

The first day of the voyage was marked by a violent storm, which aroused remorse in Robinson's soul. But drinking with other sailors quickly relieved him of this feeling. The storm returned a week later. The ship sank. The crew miraculously escaped on the boat. But Robinson does not give up his intention to become a sailor.

As a friend of the captain, Robinson sails on another ship to Guinea. During the journey, he acquires some knowledge in maritime affairs and soon sets off for Guinea on his own. The expedition was unsuccessful. The ship was captured by a Turkish corsair, and Robinson had to go through a test strip. From a successful merchant, he turned into a slave. Only two years later he managed to escape. He was picked up by a Portuguese ship bound for Brazil.

In Brazil, he is thoroughly settled. Breaks up plantations of sugar cane and tobacco. His business is moving successfully, but his passion for travel does not leave him.

There were not enough workers on the plantations, and Robinson and his neighbor planters decided to secretly bring slaves from Guinea on a ship and divide them among themselves here. Robinson himself was to play the role of a ship's clerk and be responsible for the purchase of blacks. And the neighbors promised to look after his plantations in his absence. September 1, 1659 he sails. Two weeks later, shipwrecked and miraculously surviving Robinson finds himself on the shore of the island. He soon realizes that the island is uninhabited. Having reached his ship, which was washed ashore by the tide, he loads everything that he may need for life on the island onto the raft. Having visited the ship several times, he brought food, gunpowder, gear and other necessary things on a raft.

Robinson sets up a safe and secure home on the hillside. He establishes agriculture and cattle breeding, maintains a calendar, making notches on a pole. I live with him three cats, a dog from the ship and a talking parrot. He keeps a diary of his observations using paper and ink from the ship. So in everyday worries and waiting for rescue, Robinson spends several years on the island. His attempt to build a boat and sail away from the island ends in failure.

In one walk Robinson saw a footprint in the sand. Fearing that these are traces of savage cannibals, he does not leave his part of the island for two years, and his life is gradually returning to its usual course.

Twenty-three years have passed since the day he arrived on the island. He is still waiting to be rescued. Loneliness upsets him, and he comes up with a cunning plan. Decides to save the savage destined for slaughter and find in him a friend and ally. After another year and a half, he succeeds.

Robinson's life was filled with new worries. He named the rescued savage Friday. He proved to be a faithful comrade and a capable student. Robinson teaches him to wear clothes, speak English, and eradicates his savage habits. Friday tells Robinson that there are seventeen captured Spaniards living on the mainland. They decide to build a pirogue and save the captives. But their plans are violated by savages who brought Friday's father and one of the Spaniards to the island. Robinson and Friday free them and send them to the mainland. A week later, new guests appeared on the island. The ship's crew decided to deal with their captain, his assistant and the passenger of the ship. Robinson saves them and together they deal with the villains. Robinson asks to deliver them with Friday to England.

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1. The main character of D. Defoe's book is called Robinson Crusoe. Heir to a wealthy father, he experienced many hardships from the age of eighteen. He always thought about the sea, but his father strictly forbade sea adventures and even cursed him when Robinson decided to go to sea. Robinson Read More ......
2. In the work of D. Defoe "Robinson Crusoe" the main character is Robinson Crusoe, who remained a man in difficult conditions. Robinson was drawn to the sea from childhood, and he dreamed of becoming a sailor, but his father wanted him to become a judge and therefore cursed his son. Robinson Read More ......
3. Almost every person has his own aspirations and goals in life, plans and supposed ways of their implementation. Someone aspires to power, someone is attracted by money and wealth, someone devotes his life to raising children. But sometimes it happens that all plans suddenly collapse, Read More ......
4. Daniel Defoe wrote over 500 works in his lifetime, including seven novels. But one of them brought him worldwide fame - “The life and extraordinary adventures of Robinson Crusoe, a sailor from York, who lived for twenty-eight years all alone on Read More ......
5. The plot of the book by D. Defoe is based on the story of the Scottish sailor Alexander Selkirch, who lived on a deserted island all alone for 4 years and 4 months. O. Selkirch - the prototype of R. Crusoe. A prototype is a real-life person who became the author Read More ......
6. I downloaded books to read early. Sometimes they took too much free time from me, but they gave incomparably more in return. The world around me, the secrets of nature, I learn from books. Several times I re-read the wonderful pages of the novel by the English writer Daniel Defoe “Robinson Read More ......
7. The novel by the English writer Daniel Defoe (1660-1731) “The Life, Extraordinary and Amazing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe…” rightfully belongs to the most widely read works of world literature. Interest in him does not dry out both on the part of readers and on the part of researchers of the English novel Read More ......
8. Robinson's escape from the house. (Robinson is the third son in the family, a darling, from childhood his head is full of “all sorts of nonsense” - dreams of sea voyages. On the ship where the father of his friend was the captain, he sails from Hull to London. The ship is sinking, Read More .. ....

Robinson is the third son in the family. He dreamed of sea voyages, but his parents did not want to listen to this. But all the same, he sailed from Gool to London on the ship of a friend's father on September 1, 1651. But on the very first day, remorse arose, caused by a storm, and which calmed down along with the bad weather. In the next storm, the ship sinks, and the sailors are brought ashore on the boat of a passing ship. Robinson, frightened, wanted to return to his parents' house, but again gets on board a ship sailing to Guinea.

As a result of the next expedition, Robinson became the "wretched slave" of the captain of the robber ship. He runs away from him, gets on a Portuguese ship. In Brazil, he receives citizenship, cultivates the acquired piece of land for sugar cane and tobacco. But again, Robinson finds himself on board a ship - secretly travels to Brazil with fellow slave planters to work on their plantations. On the way, storms come one after another, the ship, having strayed far from the trade routes, at the sight of the earth, runs aground. The team moved into the boat on the raging waves, but a huge shaft overturned it. Robinson miraculously made it to land. The only one from the crew.

Shrouded in hunger, fear and grief for his dead comrades, Robinson spent the first night on a tree. In the morning, not far from the shore, there was a ship driven by the tide. Having sailed to it, Robinson made a raft of masts, on which he transported everything he needed to the shore: tools, clothes, an ax, a hammer and guns. Having gone in search of housing, Robinson realizes that this is an uninhabited island. The next morning, he again went to the ship, trying to bring everything from there as much as possible, until another storm broke out, which completely wrecked the ship that same night.

Arranged Robinson safe housing near the sea, where you can expect rescue. He pitched a tent on a flat clearing on the slope of a hill against a depression in the rock. He fences it with a palisade, driving strong trunks into the ground. The entrance to the fortress is only by a ladder. He uses the widened depression in the rock as a cellar. Having lived like this for quite a few days, he quickly gains experience. For two weeks he poured gunpowder into many small ... bags and hid them from the rain in different places. Getting used to a new life, Robinson has changed a lot. Now his goal is to survive. In the process of one work, he notices something else that is beneficial. He has to master new professions, the laws of the world around him, learn to interact with him. He mastered the skills of hunting goats, at the same time he managed to tame several of them by adding meat and milk to his diet, he learned how to make cheese. He managed to establish agriculture from the grains of barley and rice, which were shaken out of the bag and sprouted.

In order not to get lost in time, Robinson built a wooden calendar, on which he marked the days with a knife, making a notch. A dog and three cats (from the ship) live with him, he tamed a talking parrot. He keeps a diary - paper and ink are also from the ship. Reads the bible. Having examined the island, he finds grapes that dry in the sun. Raisins reinforce strength. Feels like the owner of these heavenly beauties.

Years go by every day. He built a boat, but could not launch it - it is far from the shore. During the next walk, seeing a footprint in the sand, Robinson, frightened, begins to "strengthen".

In the 23rd year of his life on the island, he saw how savages visited his island to eat their victim. Robinson is scared. He dreams of escaping to the mainland, and to help for this he decided to free the captive savage, who will be brought to be eaten. Robinson did this a year and a half later and named the saved Friday. He teaches him the trade, to speak, to wear clothes. Friday considers Robinson "God".

Together they will pacify the rebellious crew of the English ship, which will deliver the captain, assistant and passenger to their island. As a condition for the release of the ship, Robinson asks them to be delivered to England with Friday, and the rebels to be left on the island for correction. And so it was done.

After 28 years, Robinson returned home. His parents are dead. All these years, his plantation was managed by an official from the treasury and Robinson returned the income for the entire period. Being wealthy, he takes care of two nephews, marries at the age of 62 "quite successfully." He has two sons and a daughter.

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Robinson from childhood dreamed of sea voyages. He was the youngest child in the family, and he did not need rationality. The father, a sedate and measured man, persuaded his son to change his mind and begin to lead an ordinary, modest existence. But the exhortations of his father and mother do not help, and in September 1651 the hero sets sail for London.

From the very beginning of the sea voyage, the ship gets into several storms. The ship is sinking, and the boat picks up the crew. Such tests do not stop Robinson. In London, he meets an experienced captain who takes him on a trip to Guinea and even teaches him seamanship. Returning to England, Robinson decides to travel independently to Guinea. But this expedition was very unsuccessful. The ship is captured by robbers. Robinson was the servant of the captain of a pirate ship for two years. The hero decides to escape, together with the boy Xuri they steal the boat.

During the voyage, they are picked up by a Portuguese ship. The ship's captain agrees to take Robinson to Brazil. There the hero stops thoroughly, he even acquires a plantation for growing tobacco. But then such a calm existence begins to remind him of his parents' house. The desire for new travels makes Robinson break this way.

The reason for a new expedition comes by itself, the planters want to get slaves for work. But it is very expensive to bring them from Africa. Therefore, a ship is being equipped for Guinea. Robinson sails on it as a ship's clerk. The ship gets into a severe storm, the whole crew perishes. Only Robinson is thrown ashore on an uninhabited island.

The first night he sleeps in a tree. On the second day, he finds a raft on which the team tried to escape and, at the cost of threatening his own life, delivers him to the island. The hero also discovers his broken ship not far from the coast, he swims there 12 times for the most useful things - tools, gunpowder, food, clothes. At night, a new storm leaves nothing of the ship.

The main concern of Robinson at first was the construction of housing. He finds a clearing and builds a tent there. The hero tries to survive by all available means. He masters agriculture. He hunts goats, and then turns them into pets. Since Robinson is actually lost in time, he makes a kind of calendar from a pillar, on which he puts a mark on each day he has lived. Then Robinson suffers from a fever, he even reads a prayer of repentance to survive.

After the earthquake, the hero moves his hut to the coast, still hoping for salvation from a random ship. Robinson then decides to build a boat to get to the mainland. For several months he makes a pirogue out of a large tree, but he fails to launch it. He sews himself a fur suit, even makes himself an umbrella from rain and sun.

Once on the sand, Robinson discovers a human footprint. This discovery greatly frightens him. He suspects that they may be savages who will destroy his house and supplies or eat him. Robinson lives in fear for two years, carefully looks at the sea, it is from there that the savages come.

Somehow, savage cannibals come to the island to celebrate their cannibal feast, but their prisoner escapes. Robinson kills his pursuers. The rescued person becomes a real comrade for Robinson. The hero calls him Friday. Robinson teaches him to speak English. According to Friday's stories, Spaniards from a sunken ship live on the mainland with his fellow tribesmen. The comrades even plot to release them. Plans are disrupted when savages bring Friday's father and a Spaniard to the island for reprisal. Robinson and Friday free them.

New visitors visit the island in a week. The sailors of the English ship decides to kill their captain on the island. Robinson frees them by killing the villains. The captain agrees to take Robinson to England. The 28 year journey is coming to an end. The hero's parents are long dead. He becomes a wealthy man thanks to the income from a plantation in Brazil. The hero successfully marries, he has a son and a daughter.

Everyone knows Daniel Defoe's novel about Robinson Crusoe. Even those who have not read it remember the story of a young sailor who ends up on a desert island after a shipwreck. He has lived there for twenty-eight years.

Everyone knows a writer like Daniel Defoe. "Robinson Crusoe", a brief summary of which makes you once again convinced of his genius, is his most famous work.

For more than two hundred years, people have been reading the novel. Lots of parodies and sequels. Economists build models of human existence based on this novel. What is the popularity of this book? The story of Robinson will help answer this question.

Summary of "Robinson Crusoe" for the reader's diary

Robinson was the third son of his parents, he was not prepared for any profession. He always dreamed of the sea and travel. His older brother fought the Spaniards and died. The middle brother is missing. Therefore, the parents did not want to let their youngest son go to sea.

The father with tears asked Robinson to simply exist modestly. But these requests only temporarily reasoned with the 18-year-old guy. The son tries to win the support of his mother, but this idea is unsuccessful. For another year, he tries to take time off from his parents, until in September in 1651 he sails to London, because of the free passage (the captain was the father of his friend).

Robinson's Sea Adventures

Already on the first day, a storm broke out at sea, Robinson repented in his soul for disobedience. But this state was dispelled by drinking. A week later, an even more severe storm hit. The ship sank and the sailors were picked up by a boat from a neighboring ship. On the shore, Robinson wants to return to his parents, but "evil fate" keeps him on the chosen path. A summary of "Robinson Crusoe" for the reader's diary shows what a difficult fate fell to Robinson.

In London, the hero met the captain of a ship going to Guinea, and is going to sail with him, he becomes a friend of the captain. Robinson very soon regrets that he did not become a sailor, so he would have learned to be a sailor. But he gets some knowledge: the captain is happy to work with Robinson, trying to pass the time. When the ship returns to die, Robinson sails themselves to Guinea. This expedition is unsuccessful: their ship is captured by Turkish pirates, and our hero turns into a slave of the Turkish captain. He forces Robinson to do all the homework, but does not take it to the sea. In this part, the novel "The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe", a summary of which describes the whole life of the protagonist, shows the determination and leadership of a man.

The owner sent a prisoner to fish, and one day, when they were at a great distance from the shore, Robinson persuades the Xuri boy to escape. He prepared for this in advance, so there were crackers and fresh water, tools and weapons in the boat. On the way, the fugitives get their own living creatures, peaceful natives give them water and food. They are later picked up by a ship from Portugal. The captain promises to take Robinson to Brazil for free. He buys their boat and the boy Xuri, promising to return his freedom in a few years. Robinson agrees with this. A summary of "Robinson Crusoe" for the reader's diary will further tell about the hero's life in Brazil.

Life in Brazil

In Brazil, Robinson receives their citizenship, working on his own plantations of tobacco and sugar cane. Plantation neighbors help him. Plantations needed workers, and slaves were expensive. After listening to Robinson's stories about trips to Guinea, the planters decide to bring slaves to Brazil secretly by ship and divide them among themselves. Robinson is offered to be a ship's clerk in charge of buying Negroes in Guinea. "The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe", a brief summary of this work, further reveals the recklessness of the protagonist.

He agrees and sails from Brazil on September 1, 1659, 8 years after leaving his parental home. On the second week of the voyage, a severe storm began to batter the ship. He runs aground, and on the boat the command is given into the hands of fate. A large shaft overturns the boat and, miraculously saved, Robinson falls on land. The summary of "Robinson Crusoe" for the reader's diary further talks about Robinson's new home.

Miraculous Rescue - Deserted Island

He alone escapes and mourns for his dead friends. The first night, Robinson sleeps in a tree, afraid of wild animals. On the second day, the hero took from the ship (which brought closer to the shore) a lot of useful things - weapons, nails, a screwdriver, a sharpener, pillows. On the shore, he puts up a tent, transfers food, gunpowder into it and makes a bed for himself. In total, he was on the ship 12 times, and always took something valuable from there - tackle, crackers, rum, flour. The last time he saw a pile of gold and thought that in his condition they were not at all important, but he took them anyway. The novel "The Life and Adventures of Robinson Crusoe", a summary of its further parts will tell about the further

That night the storm left nothing of the ship. Now Robinson was waiting for the construction of safe housing overlooking the sea, from where rescue could be expected.

On a hill, he finds a flat clearing and pitches a tent on it, enclosing it with a fence of trunks driven into the ground. This house could be entered by a ladder. In the rock, he broke a cave and used it as a cellar. All the work took him a lot of time. But he quickly gained experience. Daniel Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe" summary of this novel further tells of Robinson's adjustment to a new life.

Adjusting to a new life

Now it was up to him to survive. But Robinson was alone, he was opposed by the world, unaware of his condition - the sea, the rains, the wild deserted island. To do this, he will have to master many professions and interact with the environment. He noticed and learned everything. He learned to domesticate goats, make cheese. In addition to cattle breeding, Robinson took up farming when grains of barley and rice sprouted, which he shook out of the bag. The hero sowed a large field. Next, Robinson created a calendar in the form of a large pillar, on which he put a notch every day.

The first date on the pillar is September 30, 1659. From that moment on, his every day counts, and much becomes known to the reader. During Robinson's absence, the monarchy was restored in England, and Robinson returns to the "Glorious Revolution" of 1688, which brought William of Orange to the throne.

Diary of Robinson Crusoe, summary: continuation of the story

Among the not very necessary things that Robinson took from the ship were ink, paper, three Bibles. When his life improved (three cats and a dog from the ship still lived with him, then a parrot appeared), he started a diary to ease his soul . In his diary, Robinson describes all his affairs, observations regarding the harvest and the weather.

The earthquake forces Robinson to think about new housing, as it is dangerous to stay under the mountain. The remains of a ship after the crash sail to the island, and Robinson finds tools and building materials on it. A fever knocks him down, and he reads the Bible and heals as best he can. Tobacco-infused rum helps him recover.

When Robinson recovered, he explored the island, where he lived for about ten months. Among unknown plants, Robinson finds melon and grapes, and then makes raisins from the latter. The island also has a lot of living creatures: foxes, hares, turtles, as well as penguins. Robinson considers himself the owner of these beauties, because no one lives here anymore. He puts up a hut, strengthens it and lives there, as in a country house.

Robinson works for two or three years without straightening his back. He writes all this in his diary. So he recorded one of his days. In short, the day consisted of Robinson reading the Bible, hunting, sorting, drying, and cooking the game he caught.

Robinson looked after crops, harvested crops, cared for livestock, made gardening tools. All these activities took a lot of time and energy from him. With patience, he brought everything to the end. I even baked bread without an oven, salt and yeast.

Building a boat and walking in the sea

Robinson did not stop dreaming about the boat and the departure to the mainland. He just wanted to get out of bondage. Robinson cuts down a large tree and cuts a small boat out of it. But he never manages to lower it into the water (since it was far in the forest). He endures failure with patience.

Robinson spends his leisure time on updating his wardrobe: he sews a fur suit for himself (jacket and trousers), a hat and makes an umbrella. Five years later, Robinson builds a boat and launches it into the water. Having got out into the sea, he travels around the island. The current carries the boat to the open sea, and with great difficulty Robinson returns to the island. This is how he describes the adventures of Robinson Crusoe. The summary of this novel shows the loneliness of the hero and his hope for salvation.

Traces of savages in the sand

Because of fear, Robinson does not go to sea for a long time. He masters pottery, weaves baskets and makes a pipe. There is a lot of tobacco on the island. On one of the walks, a man sees a footprint in the sand. He is very frightened, returns home and does not go out for three days, thinking whose trace it is. The hero is afraid that they might be savages from the mainland. Robinson thinks that they can destroy the crops, disperse the cattle, and eat it itself. When he leaves the "fortress", he makes a new pen for the goats. The man again discovers traces of people and the remains of a feast of cannibals. The guests were back on the island. For two years, Robinson remains on one part of the island in his home. But then life returns to a calm course. This will be discussed in the next part of the article with a summary ("Robinson Crusoe"). Daniel Defoe describes all the affairs of the hero in small details.

Saving Friday - a savage from nearby lands

One night a man hears a shot from a cannon - the ship gives a signal. The whole night Robinson burns a fire, and in the morning he sees the fragments of the ship. From anguish and loneliness, he prays that someone from the team will be saved, but only the cabin boy's corpse comes ashore. There were no survivors on the ship. Robinson still wants to get to the mainland and wants to take some savage to help. For a year and a half, he comes up with plans, but cannibals scare Robinson. Once he manages to meet a savage whom he saves. He becomes his friend.

Robinson's life becomes more pleasant. He teaches Friday (as he called the rescued savage) to eat broth and wear clothes. Friday turned out to be a good and loyal friend. This is stated in the novel "The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe", a summary of which can be read in one breath.

Escape from imprisonment and return to England

Visitors are coming to the island soon. A team of rebels on an English ship brings the captain, assistant and passenger for reprisal. Robinson frees the captain and his friends, and they pacify the rebellion. The only desire that Robinson voices to the captain is his delivery to England with Friday. Robinson stayed on the island for 28 years and returned to England on June 11, 1686. His parents were no longer alive, but the widow of his first captain was still alive. He learns that an official from the treasury took his plantation, but all the income is returned to him. A man helps his two nephews, prepares them for sailors. Robinson marries at 61 and has three children. This is how the amazing story ends.

This work is one of the most popular in a number of English novels. It tells about the life of a sailor from York, who spent 28 years on a desert island, where he ended up as a result of a shipwreck.

The theme of the work was based on the spiritual and intellectual development of a young guy who ended up in unusual living conditions for him. The main character has to re-learn how to live, make the necessary items, get food and take care of himself.

1. Since childhood, Robinson Crusoe dreamed of connecting his life with sea voyages, but his parents were against such a passion for his son. But despite this, when Robinson was 18 years old, he took his friend and his father's ship and they went to London.

2. Already from the first day of sailing, a disaster happens to the ship, it gets into a storm. The protagonist, frightened, promises never to go to sea again and be always on land, but as soon as the storm calmed down, Robinson forgot all his promises and gets drunk. As a result, the young team is again overtaken by a storm and the ship is sinking. Robinson is ashamed to return home and he decides on new adventures.

3. Arriving in London, Crusoe met the captain, who wants to take the guy with him to Guinea. Soon the old captain died, but the heroes continue their journey. So sailing near Africa, the ship is captured by the Turks.

Robinson Crusoe is taken prisoner for three years, after which he managed to escape by deception, taking the boy Xuri with him. Together they swim to the shore, where the roar of animals is heard, in the afternoon they go ashore to find fresh water, and also to hunt. Crusoe explores the island, hoping to find signs of life.

4. Heroes find savages with whom they manage to make friends, so they filled up the supplies of the necessary. They gave the leopard to the savages as a token of gratitude. After spending some time on the island of heroes takes the Portuguese ship.

5. Robinson Crusoe lives in Brazil and grows sugarcane. There he makes new friends to whom he tells about his travels. After some time, Robinson is offered another trip in order to obtain golden sand. And so the team sets off from the coast of Brazil. In navigation, the ship lasted 12 days, after which it gets into a bura and sinks. The team is looking for rescue on the boat, but even so went to the bottom. Only Robinson Crusoe managed to get out alive. He is glad to be saved, but still sad for his dead comrades. Crusoe spends the first night in a tree. and is engaged

6. Waking up, Robinson saw that the ship had washed much closer to the shore. The hero sets out to explore the ship in order to find supplies of food, water and rum. To transport the things found, Robinson builds a raft. Soon the hero realizes that he has landed on an island, in the distance he sees several more islands and reefs. It takes several days to transport things, to build a tent. Crusoe managed to translate almost everything that was on the ship, after which a storm arose, which carried the remains of the ship to the bottom. he landed on an island

7. Robinson Crusoe devotes the next two weeks to sorting out stocks of food, gunpowder, and then hiding them in the crevices of the mountains.

8. Robinson came up with his own calendar, a dog and two cats from the ship became his friends. He keeps a diary and writes down what happens to him and what surrounds him. All this time, the hero waits for help to come for him and therefore often falls into despair. So a year and a half passes on the island, Crusoe practically does not wait for the ship to come, so he decides to equip his place of residence as best as possible.

9. Thanks to the diary, the reader learns that the hero managed to make a shovel and dig out a cellar. Crusoe hunts goats and also tames a wounded kid, and he also catches wild pigeons for food. One day he finds ears of barley and rice, which he takes for sowing. And only after four years of life, he begins to use grains as food.

10. The island is overtaken by an earthquake. Crusoe begins to get sick, he is tormented by a fever, which he treats with tobacco tincture. Crusoe soon explores the island more thoroughly and finds new fruits and berries. In the depths of the island there is clean water, and so the hero establishes a cottage. In August, Robinson dries the grapes, and in the period August-October, the season of heavy rains begins on the island.

11. During heavy rains, Robinson is engaged in weaving baskets. He makes the transition to the opposite side of the island, and it turned out that the conditions for life there are much better.

12. Robinson continues to grow barley and rice, and to scare away the birds, Robinson uses the corpses of their comrades.

13. Robinson tames a parrot and teaches him to talk, as well as learn how to make dishes from clay. For some time he learns to bake bread.

14. The hero devotes the fourth year of his stay on the island to building a boat. He also hunts animals for skins so that he can make new clothes. To protect himself from the sun's rays, Crusoe makes an umbrella.

15. The construction of the boat took about two years, with its help it was possible to make a trip around the island. During all this time, the hero got used to the island and it seems to him already completely native. Soon he managed to create a smoking pipe.

16. It was the eleventh year of Robinson's stay on the island, by which time his supplies of gunpowder were running out. Crusoe tames goats in order not to be left without meat supplies. Soon his herd grows larger and larger, thanks to which the protagonist no longer lacks meat food.

17. Once Robinson Crusoe found someone's imprint on the shore, it was clearly a man. This find frightens the hero, after which Robinson cannot sleep peacefully and leave his shelter. After spending several days in the hut, Crusoe nevertheless went out to milk the goats and realized that the traces found were his. But carefully examining the size of the print, I realized that it was still a trace of a stranger.

18. Two years have passed since Robinson Crusoe found footprints on the island. One day he explored the west of the island and finds a shore with human bones there. After such a discovery, Crusoe does not want to explore the island anymore and is on his part doing home improvement.

19. Twenty-four years of the protagonist's stay on the island pass. And the hero notices that an unknown ship has crashed not far from the island.

20. Robinson Crusoe failed to understand whether someone survived from the destroyed ship or not. On the shore, he found the body of the cabin boy, and on the ship, a dog and some things.

21. Robinson Crusoe finds himself a new friend, calls him Friday, since on this day he was saved. Now the main character sews clothes and teaches Friday, thanks to which Crusoe feels not so lonely and unhappy.

22. Robinson teaches Friday to eat animal meat, teaches him to eat boiled food. The savage, in turn, gets used to Robinson, tries in every possible way to help him and talks about the island, which is not far away.

23. Robinson and Friday are making a new boat to leave the island, adding a rudder and sails to it.

24. The main characters are attacked by savages, but are rebuffed. Among the savages in captivity was a Spaniard, as well as Friday's father.

25. A Spaniard helps Robinson build a ship.

26. Escape from the island is delayed due to low tide.

27. Armed people make their way to the island for their missing comrades. But Friday with helpers cope with some of the attackers.

Don Juan was the most terrible of all sinners put together. Since this person did not violate the earthly law, but violated the moral, heavenly law. He trampled on the purest, gentlest and most innocent