Day of national feat on the formation of the Ural volunteer tank corps during the great Patriotic war. The Day of National Feat for the Formation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps during the Great Patriotic War "Tank Corps

Since 2012, Russia has been celebrating the Day of National Feat for the formation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps during the Great Patriotic War, which managed to acquire special significance. The holiday acquired its status by order of the governor of the Sverdlovsk region.

The military holiday, celebrated on March 11, allows us to remember the work of our ancestors, truly labor and heroic. On this day, events and meetings with veterans are held in the cities. Yekaterinburg is distinguished by the fact that on this day the memory of soldiers in the Urals is honored. Veterans of the Great Patriotic War come to the memorial, located on the Railway Station Square, as well as representatives of authorities and organizations.

The long name of the military holiday on March 11 emphasizes the feat of the Division, not only militarily, but also in labor. In addition to the fighters, they remember the workers of the Urals, who overfulfilled the plan, working day and night and contributing to the victory.

As for the tank corps, the best fighters of the Urals served here, whose courage made the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps truly legendary. They reached Prague and Berlin, eventually winning a lot of awards.

Excursion into history

The appearance of the above tank corps occurred on March 11, 1943. Numerous name changes took place over the years. The abbreviated first name sounded like UDTK - Ural Volunteer Tank Corps, which was throughout the war. At the end of the war, he began to bear the name of the 10th Guards Ural-Lvov Tank Division.

The production of well-known tanks under the T-34 brand, in other words, the legendary "thirty-fours" from 1942 to 1945, was carried out at the factories of the Urals and Siberia. The most important among them was the Ural Tank Plant.

The Military History Museum of Yekaterinburg contains a whole department dedicated to the military history of the Urals. A special pride is the exposition in the form of a unique unit - the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps.

"Black knife", which the Nazis were afraid of

UDTK spawned a lot of exciting legends in wartime. One of them had a real basis. In the armament of the tankers there was an unusual weapon called "black knives" with a black wooden handle, manufactured at the Zlatoust Combine. The circulation was only 3356 pieces. So, according to the Germans, it was born as a "division of black knives" with "Ural devils" in the form of fighters. The UGTK had an anthem in the form of the "Hymn of Black Knives".

The Volunteer Tank Corps is a unique gift from the workers on the front, which exceeded the production plans, from buttons to T-34 tanks. As a result, not a penny was spent by the state for the formation of the division.

By the decree of the Governor Evgeny Kuyvashev, a significant date was established in the Middle Urals - "The Day of National Feat for the Formation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps during the Great Patriotic War." This date will be celebrated annually on March 11.

The Ural Volunteer Tank Corps (UDTK) is a unique tank unit formed in 1943. This corps was formed on the initiative of residents of three regions - Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk and Molotov (now Perm Territory). The state did not spend a penny on its creation. Everything that was necessary for the corps was done by the workers above the plan or purchased with their savings.

The idea of creating a tank corps arose in the Urals in the days of the completion of the defeat of the Nazi troops near Stalingrad. In the newspaper "Ural worker" January 16, 1943. a note was published "The Tank Corps beyond the plan", which spoke about the initiative of the tank building teams: to produce in the first quarter of 1943. in excess of the plan, as many tanks and self-propelled guns as necessary to equip the tank corps; at the same time to train from their own volunteers-working drivers of combat vehicles. A letter was sent to the Chairman of the State Defense Committee, in which the Ural workers asked for permission to form a special volunteer Ural tank corps named after Comrade Stalin. February 24, 1943 a response telegram came from Moscow: “We approve and welcome your proposal to form a special volunteer Ural tank corps. I. Stalin. February 26, 1943 Commander of the Ural Military District, Major General A.V. Katkov issued a directive on the formation of the UDTK. 110 thousand applications were voluntarily submitted, which was 12 times more than required to complete the corps, and 9660 people were selected. At the same time, voluntary collection of funds for the fund for the creation of the corps continued throughout the Urals, more than 70 million rubles were collected. With this money, military equipment, weapons and uniforms were bought from the state. Based on the local conditions and resources of the regions, formations and parts of the corps were formed in Sverdlovsk, Molotov, Chelyabinsk, Nizhny Tagil, Alapaevsk, Degtyarsk, Troitsk, Miass, Zlatoust, Kus and Kyshtym. On July 17, 1943 the material part of the body was:

tanks T-34 - 202, T-70 - 7;
armored vehicles BA-64 - 68;
self-propelled 122-mm guns - 16;
85 mm guns - 12;
installations M-13 - 8;
guns 76-mm - 24;
45 mm guns - 32;
37 mm guns - 16;
mortars 120 mm - 42;
mortars 82-mm - 52.

The Zlatoust gunsmiths made a unique gift to the tankmen: for each volunteer, a steel knife was made at the tool factory in Zlatoust, which received the unofficial name “black knife” (for these knives, the UDTK received the name “Schwarzmesser Panzer-Division” from the enemy (German - “ Panzer division of black knives).

By order of the People's Commissar of Defense of March 11, 1943 No. The corps was given the name - 30th Ural Volunteer Tank Corps. Since then, March 11 is considered the birthday of the UDTK.

March 18, 1943 Georgy Semenovich Rodin, Lieutenant General of the Tank Forces, was appointed to command the corps.

May 9, 1943 in the Sverdlovsk Opera and Ballet Theater, the labor Urals admonished the volunteers of the units and formations of the corps formed in Sverdlovsk to fight the enemy, and handed over the order to the corps: “Our dear sons and brothers, fathers and husbands! .. Seeing you to the battle with our fierce enemy Motherland, we want to admonish you with our order. Accept it as a battle flag and carry it with honor through the fire of severe battles, as the will of the people of your native Urals ... We equipped a volunteer tank corps at our own expense, with our own hands we lovingly and carefully forged weapons for you. Day and night we worked on it. In this weapon are our cherished and ardent thoughts about the bright hour of our complete victory, in it is our strong will, like a Ural stone, to crush and exterminate the fascist beast. In hot battles, carry this will of ours with you. Remember our command. It contains our parental love and a stern order, a marital parting word and our oath ... We are waiting for you with victory! Volunteers swore to fulfill the order of the Urals.

The Fatherland has called us to arms

Protect life, liberty and honor.

And the volunteers of the Urals went

In a formidable corps, bringing death to the enemy ...

June 10, 1943 the corps arrived in the Moscow region, where on June 25 it became part of the troops of the 4th Panzer Army, Lieutenant General of the Panzer Troops Vasily Mikhailovich Badanov. The soldiers of the 4th Panzer Army received their baptism of fire north of the city of Orel in the summer of 1943, in the battle on the Kursk Bulge. The army arrived at the Bryansk Front on the eve of the outbreak of July 5, 1943. battles and during the counter-offensive of the Soviet troops was brought into battle in the Oryol direction. The first salute of Moscow on August 5, 1943. - to the valiant troops who liberated Orel and Belgorod - was also in honor of the Ural volunteers. The Urals fought desperately, with unparalleled courage, incredible stamina, and not without reason, already three months after the start of the fighting, on November 18, 1943. the tank corps became the guards.

The combat path of the UDTK was over 5500 km, of which 2000 km were fought, from Orel to Prague. The Ural Volunteer Tank Corps participated in the Oryol, Bryansk, Proskurov-Chernivtsi, Lvov-Sandomierz, Sandomierz-Silesian, Lower Silesian, Upper Silesian, Berlin and Prague offensive operations.

Passed with formidable battles our military corps

From Kursk - Lvov - Oder to Prague golden.

Covered in legends in many languages,

Ural Volunteer will be famous for centuries.

The Ural volunteers finished the war on May 9, 1945. in Prague. At 4 o'clock the main forces of the corps entered the city, and soon other formations of the 4th Panzer Army. Formations of the 3rd Guards Tank Army entered Prague from the northwest and north in the morning, and formations of the 13th and 3rd Guards Armies in the afternoon. The first to break into Prague was the crew of the T-34 tank of the Chelyabinsk tank brigade under the command of Lieutenant I.G. Goncharenko from the platoon of Lieutenant L.E. Burakova.

During the two years of participation in the Great Patriotic War, the tank corps liberated hundreds of cities and thousands of settlements. The Ural tankers inflicted terrible damage on the enemy: 1,110 enemy tanks and self-propelled guns, and a huge amount of other military equipment of the enemy were captured and destroyed, 94,620 enemy soldiers and officers were destroyed. A lot of tank guards showed themselves to be real masters of tank combat, for example, on the combat account of M. Kuchenkov - 32 fascist tanks, N. Novitsky - 29, N. Dyachenko - 31, M. Razumovsky - 25.

For skillful fighting, heroism, courage and courage of the Ural volunteers, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief I.V. Stalin thanked the corps and units 27 times. The corps was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Suvorov II degree, the Order of Kutuzov II degree. During the Great Patriotic War, 42,368 orders and medals were awarded to the soldiers of the corps, 27 soldiers and sergeants became full holders of the Orders of Glory, 38 guards of the corps were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and Colonel M.G. Fomichev was awarded this high title twice.

From the Urals to the West disturbing at times

Such huge chariots rushed,

That enemy machines of any cut

In battle, they were not happy to meet with them!

... We walked forward in familiar places,

Leaving on the high shore

A car with scorched crosses

With broken tracks in the snow.

And next to us slowly and menacingly,

All in wounds and scars, without a tractor,

There was a Ural tank on the frosty land,

Rumbling with undefeated steel.

You can read about the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps in the following publications:

Military history of the Urals: Events and people. / Under the general. ed. A.V. Speransky. - Yekaterinburg: Ed. house "Socrates", 2008, pp. 230-234.
Volunteers of the Urals: Essays, memoirs. / Comp. Ya. Reznik. - Sverdlovsk: Middle Ural book publishing house, 1972.
Volunteers of the Urals: Essays, memories. – Ed. 2nd, add. / Comp. Ya. Reznik. - Sverdlovsk: Middle Ural book publishing house, 1980.
Volunteers of the Urals: On the anniversary of the creation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps. - Yekaterinburg: Ed. house "Socrates", 2008.
People's feat: To the 70th anniversary of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps. - Yekaterinburg: Meridian LLC, 2012.
The Ural Volunteer Tank Corps is 70 years old: A set of posters. - Yekaterinburg: Meridian LLC, 2012.

"Day of national feat" / Photo: vedomosti-ural.ru

The Day of National Feat for the Formation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps during the Great Patriotic War - a memorable date marking the feat of the Soviet people during the war years, appeared on the calendar in 2012, when the Governor of the Sverdlovsk Region issued a corresponding decree, where the first paragraph reads: "Set a significant date Sverdlovsk region "Day of national feat" on the formation of the Ural volunteer tank corps during the Great Patriotic War "and celebrate it annually on March 11."

The historical event that served as the basis for the establishment of the holiday occurred in 1943: at that time, the 10th Ural-Lvov Guards, the Order of the October Revolution, the Order of the Red Banner, the Orders of Suvorov and Kutuzov, the Volunteer Tank Division named after Marshal of the Soviet Union R.Ya. Malinovsky. And on March 11, 2013, the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps turned 70 years old. In this connection, today's holiday was established.

Behind this long name, emphasizing the significance of the division, lies a real feat - and a feat not only military, but also labor. This feat was done in the rear, by the hands of the workers of the Urals.

The Volunteer Tank Corps was a unique gift from the working people to the front. Everything needed - from buttons for uniforms to T-34 tanks - was made by the workers above the plan or purchased with their own savings. Thus, the state did not spend a single penny on the formation of the division.

The idea appeared back in 1942, when the fighting in Stalingrad continued. And at the beginning of 1943, the Ural Worker newspaper published an article “The Tank Corps is above the plan,” in which Sverdlovsk tank builders pledged to exceed production plans and deduct part of their earnings to equip the corps with weapons and uniforms. They were supported by factory workers in the Chelyabinsk and Molotov (Perm) regions.

Heroic people also served in the tank corps - the best warriors of the Urals. 115 thousand people applied for service in it, 9660 of them were selected. And those who were lucky justified the trust. Thanks to their courage, the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps became truly legendary, reaching Berlin and Prague and receiving a huge number of awards. In the fall of 1945, the corps was renamed the 10th Guards Ural-Lvov Tank Division.

Day of the People's Feat on the formation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps during the Great Patriotic War

To preserve the memory of the contribution of the inhabitants of the Perm Territory to the Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 and as a token of gratitude to the descendants of the victors of fascism, the Decree of the Governor of the Perm Territory dated February 6, 2018 No. formation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps during the Great Patriotic War.

The Ural Volunteer Tank Corps (UDTK) is a unique tank formation, which was created by the overtime work of the Ural workers on voluntary contributions from the inhabitants of three regions - Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk and Molotov (now Perm Territory).

The combat path of the UDTK was over 5500 km, of which 2000 km were fought, from Orel to Prague. During the two years of participation in the Great Patriotic War, the tank corps liberated hundreds of cities and thousands of settlements. For skillful fighting, heroism, courage and courage of the Ural volunteers, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief I.V. Stalin thanked the corps and units 27 times. The corps was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, the Order of Suvorov II degree, the Order of Kutuzov II degree. During the Great Patriotic War, 42,368 orders and medals were awarded to the soldiers of the corps, 27 soldiers and sergeants became full holders of the Orders of Glory, 38 guards of the corps were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and Colonel M.G. Fomichev was awarded this high title twice.

Since 1945 parts of the division began planned combat training as part of the group of Soviet troops in Germany (GSVG), carried out combat missions to ensure the activities of the Government of the GDR. Throughout the entire time spent on German soil, the division was considered one of the best tank formations of the GSVG.

In 1994 in accordance with the decision of the Government of the Russian Federation, the 10th Guards Tank Division left the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany and was redeployed to the city of Boguchar, Voronezh Region, and became part of the Moscow Military District. Since December 2009 the division moved to a new state and became the base for storing armored vehicles. The Council of Veterans of the UDTK appealed to the command and personnel of the division with a request to transfer the exhibits of the Museum of Military Glory to the 10th Guards. tank division in Yekaterinburg. Such a difficult decision was made at a general meeting of representatives of military units on July 24, 2009.

National Feat Day

On March 11, 2013, the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps turns 70 years old. In this regard, the governor of the Sverdlovsk region E.V. Kuyvashev On July 27, 2012, he issued a Decree, where the first paragraph reads: “To establish a significant date for the Sverdlovsk region “Day of National Feat” for the formation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps during the Great Patriotic War” and celebrate it annually on March 11.”

A.T. DENISOV,

reserve lieutenant colonel,

lecturer

groups

city council of veterans

The victory of the Red Army in the Battle of Stalingrad on February 2, 1943 marked the beginning of a radical turning point in the course of the Great Patriotic War. The workers of the military factories of the Urals, inspired by this victory, took the initiative to create a large tank unit of volunteers - a worthy gift from the Red Army. In the shops of the factories, the slogan was born: "Let's make super-planned tanks and self-propelled guns and lead them into battle ourselves!". There was a flood of statements. In one week, over 100 thousand of them arrived from the Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk and Perm regions - 20 times more than the corps of soldiers and sergeants required. Special commissions selected one of 15-20 worthy candidates on the condition that the team recommend who to replace the one leaving for the front.

The Belarusians took an active part in the formation and equipping of the corps. Well-known local historian Arkady Fyodorovich Korovin worked in the district military commissariat and was engaged in the formation of the Sverdlovsk brigade. The Yarovoy Kolos collective farm bought a T-34 tank, paid 460 thousand rubles for its payment, and the rest was bread.

On March 11, 1943, the "30th Ural Volunteer Corps" received this name, which entered the history of the Great Patriotic War and the history of Russia. Volunteers, the bulk of whom did not undergo military training, had to learn weapons in a very short time, learn how to fight in cooperation with tanks and artillery. Worked out 12-14 hours a day. In May 1943, the training was completed, on June 2 volunteers were sent to the front. The Urals gave an order to their sons and daughters: “Do not forget, you and your cars are our fiery anger towards the enemy. Feel free to lead a steel avalanche of tanks. Feats and glory are waiting for you, we are waiting for you with victory.

The first combat order was received on 27 July. After the first battles on the Oryol-Kursk fire arc as part of the 4th Tank Army, the corps became Guards, in connection with this it was transformed into the "10th Ural Guards Volunteer Tank Corps".

For two years of participation in the war, the corps traveled from Orel to Prague more than 2,500 km, of which 2,000 km were fought. The Urals honorably fulfilled the order of their countrymen. Monuments were erected to the Ural tankers in Berlin, Prague, Lvov, Kamensk-Podolsk, Yekaterinburg, Perm, Nizhny Tagil and in many other settlements.

Among the front-line soldiers, later associated with Zarechny, who participated in the legendary corps, there was only E.P. Denisova. Here is what is documented.

On the night of January 25-26, 1945, the motorized rifle battalion of the captain's guard Dozortseva received orders to cross the Oder. Ahead of the battalion, across the broken ice of the river, was a company of guards of a senior lieutenant Maxim Yakovlevich Denisov. Enemy shells and mines threw up fountains of water, the guards, leaning on poles, boards, soft flooring, and where they swam (in January), moved forward. Storming enemy fortifications on the western bank of the river, the company destroyed more than 100 Nazis, captured 58, captured 2 serviceable guns, 6 machine guns, 43 rifles and 2 vehicles. The company repulsed 5 enemy counterattacks. For heroism and deeds M.Ya. Denisov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

After the war, he served in the Soviet Army, then retired and returned to his hometown of Korsun, Ulyanovsk region. He worked as a turner at the plant, in 1970 he ended his life. His wife, Evdokia Petrovna, in 1978, with her children and grandchildren, moved to a permanent place of residence in our city of Zarechny. Her military fate was also connected with the Ural Volunteer Corps. In 1943, after completing the training course for tank drivers, she was sent to the front in the 29th Guards Motorized Rifle Brigade, which was part of this corps. In the battles on the Oryol-Kursk Bulge, she was wounded. The injury forced her to change her specialty as a mechanic - driver to the position of a medical instructor, she fought with the rank of sergeant until the Victory. After the fifth wound near Prague, she became disabled and was demobilized. Evdokia Petrovna was awarded two orders of the Red Star, the Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree, combat and commemorative medals. In 2006, after a serious and prolonged illness, at the age of 85, she died, having managed to leave her memoirs in the first book of the 4-volume "Grey-haired Guard Remembers" for 1997.

The heroes of the battles, having said goodbye to the army, became heroes of labor. Among our fellow countrymen - Beloyarsk commander of the tank Hero of the Soviet Union Vladimir Grigorievich Ryzhkov. For a long time he worked as the first secretary of the Beloyarsk RK CPSU. Among other veterans - volunteers, he decided to consider himself in combat formation until the end of his life, to pass on to his children and grandchildren love for the Motherland, inflexibility in the face of any difficulties and hardships, readiness to give his life for the freedom and happiness of his people.

The combat pride of the 10th Guards Volunteer Corps was inherited by the soldiers of the "10th Guards Ural-Lviv, Order of the October Revolution, Red Banner, orders Suvorov and Kutuzov volunteer tank division named after Marshal of the Soviet Union R.Ya. Malinovsky". On December 1, 2009, the division was transformed into an armored vehicle storage base as part of the Moscow Military District and located in the city of Boguchar, Voronezh Region, and the Museum of Military Glory was transferred to the balance of the Council of Veterans of the city of Yekaterinburg.