Dictation on the theme of the riddle of ball lightning. Ball Lightning Mystery

Dictation 1. Theme "Communion"

Thunderstorm

An unforgettable, indelible impression was left by a thunderstorm in the village. She started in the evening. A bright dawn, not yet covered by a black approaching cloud, illuminated our bedroom with pink light. Through the windows, not yet closed for the night, the room was filled with surprisingly fresh, slightly damp air. Suddenly, a terrible thunderclap shook the whole house, and it began to rain, which did not stop for about an hour. The windows were not curtained. Lightning was constantly visible through them, unprecedented in beauty and brightness. The peals of thunder that did not stop for a minute fettered us and kept us in a state of unceasing fear. It seemed that some force would demolish our house, standing on a high bank and not protected from the winds.

When my fright passed, I quietly fell asleep in my bed, not made up for the night due to the turmoil caused by the thunderstorm.

In the morning, nothing resembled yesterday's bad weather. The sun shone brightly, the grass that had not dried out after the rain sparkled, the birds were flooded with an excess of feelings.

Grammar tasks

1. Underline the participles and participial phrases found in the text as members of the sentence.

(Predicate: not curtained.

Definitions: unforgettable, indelible; not yet covered by a black approaching cloud; not yet closed for the night; not stopping for about an hour; unprecedented in beauty and brightness; not silent for a minute; incessant; standing on a high bank and not protected from the winds; not bedded for the night because of the turmoil caused by a thunderstorm; dry after rain.)

I option: not dried out;

II option: not closed.

Dictation 2

After drinking a cup of tea, Natasha sighed noisily, threw her braid over her shoulder and began to read a book in a yellow cover. The mother, trying not to make noise with the dishes, while pouring tea, listened to the girl's smooth speech. But soon, tired of following the story, she began to examine the guests.

Pavel sat next to Natasha. He was the prettiest of all. Natasha, bending low over the book, often straightened her hair that had slipped down to her temples. Tossing her head and not lowering her voice, she said something from herself, without looking at the book, her eyes gently gliding over the faces of the listeners.

The Little Russian leaned with his broad chest on the corner of the table, squinting his eyes, trying to examine the ragged ends of his mustache. Vyesovshchikov sat up straight, resting his hands on his knees... Without blinking his eyes, he stubbornly looked at his face reflected in the shining brass of the samovar. Little Fedya, listening to the reading, silently moved his lips, as if repeating to himself the words of the book. And his comrade bent over, putting his elbows on his knees, and smiled thoughtfully. The room was somehow especially good.

(M. Gorky)

Grammar tasks

Option I: tired;

Option II: bending over.

I option: waving;

Option II: resting.

Dictation 3

Departure of geese

Leaves fell from the trees, and gardeners began to bury vines in the ground. It was then that wild geese flew over the village. They had to make a long, difficult journey, and they flew slowly, maintaining the formation. In the morning and afternoon, in the chilly clear blue of the sky, dark dots of goose flocks flying south were visible and a sonorous cackle was heard. Sometimes a gust of headwind knocked down young geese flying behind. They broke the line of formation, and the old leader, slowing down the measured flight, called them with a sharp, guttural cry. They returned to their places, and the flock flew on.

And yet, it happened that an exhausted old goose would remain on the lake or somewhere in shallow water. It was difficult for her to keep up with the flock, and she flew alone, often falling to the ground and resting from the flight. After resting a little, she tried to catch up with the flock, flapping her wings heavily.

Grammar tasks

1. Underline the gerunds and participles found in the text as members of the sentence.

2. Make a word-formation analysis of words and analysis of words by composition.

I option: withstanding;

Option II: slow down.

3. Make a morphological analysis of words.

I option: going down;

Option II: Resting.

Dictation 4

Night adventure

At the beginning of the summer holidays, my friend and I decided to take a little trip in a rubber boat. Without saying anything to anyone, we quickly got ready to go and by nightfall we were on the banks of the river. The silence of the night, interrupted by some sharp bird's cry, the damp penetrating air - all this had a bad effect on us.

For several minutes we hesitated, but then we resolutely got into the boat, pushed ourselves away from the shore, and the boat went with the current. At first it was terrifying to ride an unfamiliar river, but gradually we got used to it and already boldly looked ahead.

We floated slowly along the river, almost without working with oars. The moon appeared from behind the clouds, illuminating all the surroundings with its mysterious brilliance. Somewhere a nightingale clicked, followed by another. We admired the nightingale singing and completely forgot about the boat. Suddenly, she, having bumped into something, capsized, and we found ourselves waist-deep in water. Having collected our belongings that floated along the river, we got ashore, pulled out the ill-fated boat, lit a fire and warmed ourselves until morning, dried ourselves and discussed the night adventure.

(154 words)

Dictation 5. Theme "Adverb"

Ball Lightning Mystery

The nature of ordinary lightning was unraveled a long time ago. With ball lightning, scientists were less fortunate. Its origin is still unclear. Ball lightning usually appears as a floating or rapidly flying fireball. Often, for unknown reasons, an explosion occurs. But it can also disappear calmly, throwing sparks out of itself.

Since ancient times, ball lightning has attracted attention with the unusualness of its behavior.

Firstly, it does not rise up in the surrounding cold air, and secondly, it retains its shape and moves. It can hover above the ground or move in parallel. The temperature in ball lightning does not rise very high. It is much lower than that at which ordinary air glows.

What is the mystery of ball lightning? Scientists have yet to answer this question.

Grammar tasks

1. Make a word-formation analysis of words and analysis of words by composition.

Option I: long time ago;

II option: often.

2. Make a morphological analysis of words.

Option I: less (from the 2nd sentence);

Option II: unclear (from the 3rd sentence).

Today, ball lightning is characterized as a plasma clot that forms during a thunderstorm due to high voltage in the atmospheric electric field. The description, however, does not explain the "behavior" of the natural phenomenon, which can be frightening and deadly.

First description of ball lightning

Scientists of antiquity and previous centuries could not rationally explain the phenomenon of ordinary lightning for a long time, so a supernatural origin was attributed to it. They talked about the peculiar manifestation of the gods, for example, Zeus. Ball lightning is a rare phenomenon, so the legends about them are even more mystical and creepy.

The first written examination was made in 1638 in Devon (England). During a service in the church, which was located in the village of Widecombe Moor, a fireball flew into the room, its diameter was about two meters. The ball knocked stones out of the walls of the church, broke the wooden beams, the benches shattered into chips, the windows burst. The church was filled with thick smoke, and the smell of sulfur was everywhere. The ball split into two parts, one flew out, and the second disappeared into the church. As a result of the appearance of lightning, four people died, and sixty people received various injuries. The phenomenon was regarded as "the coming of the devil", and the parishioners who played cards during the sermon were declared guilty.

This is not the first time ball lightning has been historically recorded. Mysterious fireballs are also found in the notes of St. Gregory of Tours, which date back to the 6th century AD. An unusual natural phenomenon is depicted on the world-famous canvas "Saint Martin's Sermon", which is exhibited in the Louvre.

Ball lightning horror

Ball lightning is a specific phenomenon and many signs accompany only it. In shape, it does not always resemble a sphere; sometimes oval, teardrop-shaped, and rod-like specimens are found in nature. In oval and spherical, the size averages forty centimeters in diameter. The color of lightning is red or yellow-red, sometimes yellow, rarely in nature there are lightnings that are white or green. Lightning during its appearance can change its color, for example, from red to yellow or white.

The movement of ball lightning seems to the observer "meaningful", in its "behavior" it resembles a protozoan that is looking for food in the environment, feeling the territory. At any moment, lightning can stop in space, and then quickly crash into an object that is grounded. Eyewitnesses say that the "fireball" makes a hissing sound, and smells in the space next to it of sulfur and ozone. Touching with ball lightning is extremely dangerous, some cases ended in very severe burns and loss of consciousness by a person. Collisions with ball lightning can be lethal.

A case widely known to the scientific world: Georg Richman, a professor of physics, was killed by ball lightning when he was conducting an experiment with an electrometer in St. Petersburg. The tragedy happened on August 6, 1753. Mikhail Lomonosov described the fatal injuries that were on Richman's body: “A red-cherry spot on the forehead, electrical power went out through the legs into the boards. The fingers are blue, the shoe is torn, but not burned.

Another very important effect that is worth mentioning is that many eyewitnesses say that before the lightning appeared, they were blindly terrified. Then there was lightning. After that, the eyewitnesses cannot come to their senses for a long time, they are depressed, they are tormented by nightmares and a severe headache.

From the point of view of science

The unusual properties possessed by fireballs have led to the fact that scientists began to interpret the phenomenon with caution. They tried to explain the death of Richmann as a consequence of interaction with an ordinary lightning discharge. Although eyewitnesses of the scientist's death spoke about the ball. Scientists have nothing against the phenomenon, but there are theories that reduce the phenomenon to a hallucination caused by a nearby lightning discharge.

The scientific world in the second half of the 20th century began to show more interest in ball lightning. Many photographs have been taken that clearly demonstrate the phenomenon. Peter Kapitsa was engaged in the study of this phenomenon, and Nikola Tesla tried to reproduce it in the laboratory. Scientists have come to the conclusion that fireballs have little in common with ordinary lightning that every child has seen, because the first can appear both in dry weather and in winter.

Today there are more than four hundred models that describe the origin of ball lightning. It is possible to create ball lightning experimentally, but only under special limited conditions. However, according to a representative of the Russian Academy of Sciences commission for the fight against pseudoscience, "ball lightning does not want to fly into the laboratory of scientists." If the environmental conditions begin to approach real ones, then the lightning turns into an unstable plasma clot, which disappears in space in a few seconds. In nature, ball lightning moves, hangs, pursues, penetrates walls, explodes and exists for more than half an hour. The model does not compare with the prototype.

Sensational discovery

More recently, scientists have been fantastically lucky. On July 23, 2012, ball lightning appeared on the Tibetan Plateau and fell under the scanning field of the gapless spectrometers that were installed there. Chinese physicists installed them to study ordinary thunderstorms. But the spectrometers recorded the glow of ball lightning, which lasted 1.64 seconds. Opening! Ordinary lightning contains ionized nitrogen in its spectrum, and ball lightning contains iron, silicon and calcium, which are rich in soil.

Thanks to the discovery, one of the popular models received scientific confirmation. The model is based on the fact that ball lightning is nothing more than burning soil particles that have been lifted into the air by a thunderstorm. The circle of study has narrowed a little, but so far scientists cannot explain why ball lightning can pass through walls, why it can appear inside a submarine, which is at a decent depth, and why unpleasant psychological effects occur in people, and much more.

There are more than 400 theories explaining the phenomenon, but none of them has received absolute recognition in the academic environment. So far, scientific circles admit that the mystery of nature has not been solved. There have been cases when lightning has appeared near the same person many times, and each time the lightning has a new shape or color. When the mystery of ball lightning is revealed, most likely, the world will receive a unique source of energy.

A.P. Chekhov wrote: "Punctuation marks serve as notes when reading."

Let's make sure this statement is true. Let's try to understand the following text written without signs, for example: "In the morning we went hunting for children at home, we left Aunt Dasha to look after."

Is everything clear? But once in Ancient Russia they wrote not only without punctuation marks, but also without spaces between words. Can you imagine how difficult it was to read and understand such a record? Ancient manuscripts were read by scientists, but, unfortunately, not everything was understood .Many "dark places" are left just because of the lack of punctuation marks.

Now let's put an end to the text written without her: "In the morning we went hunting. They left Aunt Dasha to look after the children at home." It's scary to think what would happen if we put an end to the words after the children.

1. Read the text. Determine the author's intention. Write down the keywords that reveal the topic of the text.
2. Name the type of text. Highlight the thesis and evidence.
3. Analyze the text according to the plan:
a) indicate lexical repetitions and characterize their role in the text;
b) find antonyms, synonyms;
c) evaluate the expressiveness of speech
4. Mark in the text examples of the use of hyphens and dashes. Explain the similarities and differences in the use of these signs.
Nature not only teaches, but also retrains. You suddenly find out that
"nasty" frog is a very hot animal, but a beauty
cabbage butterfly is a dangerous pest. You were told that starlings are very
useful birds, and you see with your own eyes how starlings "rob"
gardens. Have you heard that sparrows in China were destroyed on an equal basis in
rats: sparrows do such great harm there. And suddenly you see that
sparrows feed their chicks with caterpillars and insects all summer, then
are of great benefit. You may be able to see how
sparrows gather in huge flocks where many malicious

places, seasons, conditions. It is important what prevails: harm or benefit. Nature
not only teaches, but also retrains.
You suddenly find out that "nasty"
the frog is a very useful animal, and the beautiful cabbage butterfly is a dangerous
pest. You were told that starlings are very useful birds, and you
you see with your own eyes how starlings "rob" gardens.
You heard,
that sparrows in China were destroyed on a par with rats: such great harm
bring the sparrows there. And suddenly you see that the sparrows have been all summer
feed their chicks with caterpillars and insects, that is, they bring
great benefit. You may be able to see how huge
sparrows gather in flocks where many malicious
caterpillars. How to be here? Watching, you will understand the main thing: not everything is an enemy that
"disgusting", and not everything is a friend that is "beautiful". It does not happen in nature
absolutely harmful or absolutely useful animal: it all depends on
places, seasons, conditions. It is important what prevails: harm or benefit.

All function words are highlighted in the text.

All function words are highlighted in the text. Write out three prepositions, conjunctions and particles. Indicate what role each of these words plays: connects words in a phrase or sentence, connects parts of a complex sentence or homogeneous members, or expresses different shades of meaning.

The river STILL froze over at night, BUT NOTHING seemed to have changed. The river was quiet And black And remained the same. EVEN domestic ducks were deceived: With a quack they fled UNDER the hill, rushed with noise ... But there is no water! HOW funny they rolled on the ice ON their stomachs!
I walked along the shore and looked at the black ice. It is unlikely that I would have noticed anything if I had not been attentive! And in one place I saw an incomprehensible white strip - from the coast to the middle. She was like the Milky Way in the night sky! All of it consisted of white dots-bubbles. As soon as I pressed on the ice, the bubbles crawled under it, stirred, began to overflow like balls of mercury. Is it possible for air bubbles to run in such a narrow and long path?
That is what surprised me. The answer came after a while. Elsewhere I saw an animal swimming under the ice: air bubbles marked its path! There was a muskrat hole under the shore. Diving, she "breathed" her amazing trail from the air!

or seven years. As a gift, I received a book with Anderson's fairy tales. So this Danish storyteller appeared in my life.

Read the text and shorten it with exclusion and compression.

From time immemorial, there have been people in Russia who were going somewhere. They had no shelter, no family, no business, but they were always preoccupied with something. Not being gypsies, they led a gypsy way of life: they walked across the spacious Russian land from place to place, from region to region. They wandered around the courtyards, went to monasteries, looked into taverns, were drawn to fairs. They rested and slept anywhere. These people were called wanderers.

Read the text Pay attention to the type of speech (what is it: a description or a narrative?) What style is this fragment written in? Try to justify your point of view Find and underline antonyms Think about the purpose of the author using so many antonyms (pay attention to the type of text) The young lizard was taller than a man; its clumsy body rested on thick and long hind legs and a thick, at the end at once thinning tail; the forelegs were short and thin and had five toes each with small sharp claws, while the hind legs had three toes with large but blunt claws.

1. The mountain is overgrown with thin and tall fir trees, like a hedgehog with needles.

2. The slopes of the mountains opened, as if a book had unfolded, on the fold of which the silver ribbon of the river shone like a bookmark.

3. The less cluttered the apartment is, the more air it contains, the easier it is for its inhabitants to breathe.

4. A treasure is not needed, if the family is in harmony.

5. Proverbs and sayings always have not only a direct, but also a figurative meaning.

6. You can’t even pull a fish out of a pond without difficulty.

7. Near the carts, under the carts and away from the carts - Cossacks scattered on the grass were everywhere visible.

8. The last one, Vanya, I didn’t even notice at first: he was lying on the ground, quietly crouching under the angular matting, and only occasionally sticking out his blond curly head from under it.

Appendix 3

dictations

Dictation 1. Theme "Communion"

An unforgettable, indelible impression was left by a thunderstorm in the village. She started in the evening. A bright dawn, not yet covered by a black approaching cloud, illuminated our bedroom with pink light. Through the windows, not yet closed for the night, the room was filled with surprisingly fresh, slightly damp air. Suddenly, a terrible thunderclap shook the whole house, and it began to rain, which did not stop for about an hour. The windows were not curtained. Lightning was constantly visible through them, unprecedented in beauty and brightness. The peals of thunder that did not stop for a minute fettered us and kept us in a state of unceasing fear. It seemed that some force would demolish our house, standing on a high bank and not protected from the winds.

When my fright passed, I quietly fell asleep in my bed, not made up for the night due to the turmoil caused by the thunderstorm.

In the morning, nothing resembled yesterday's bad weather. The sun shone brightly, the grass that had not dried out after the rain sparkled, the birds were flooded with an excess of feelings.

Grammar tasks

1. Underline the participles and participial phrases found in the text as members of the sentence.

(Predicate: not curtained.

Definitions: unforgettable, indelible; not yet covered by a black approaching cloud; not yet closed for the night; not stopping for about an hour; unprecedented in beauty and brightness; not silent for a minute; incessant; standing on a high bank and not protected from the winds; not bedded for the night because of the turmoil caused by a thunderstorm; dry after rain.)

I option: not dry;

II option: not closed.

Dictation 2

After drinking a cup of tea, Natasha sighed noisily, threw her braid over her shoulder and began to read a book in a yellow cover. The mother, trying not to make noise with the dishes, while pouring tea, listened to the girl's smooth speech. But soon, tired of following the story, she began to examine the guests.

Pavel sat next to Natasha. He was the prettiest of all. Natasha, bending low over the book, often straightened her hair that had slipped down to her temples. Tossing her head and not lowering her voice, she said something from herself, without looking at the book, her eyes gently gliding over the faces of the listeners.

The Little Russian leaned with his broad chest on the corner of the table, squinting his eyes, trying to examine the ragged ends of his mustache. Vyesovshchikov sat up straight, resting his hands on his knees... Without blinking his eyes, he stubbornly looked at his face reflected in the shining brass of the samovar. Little Fedya, listening to the reading, silently moved his lips, as if repeating to himself the words of the book. And his comrade bent over, putting his elbows on his knees, and smiled thoughtfully. The room was somehow especially good.

(M. Gorky)

Grammar tasks

I option: tired;

II option: bending over.

I option: waving;

II option: resting.

Dictation 3

Departure of geese

Leaves fell from the trees, and gardeners began to bury vines in the ground. It was then that wild geese flew over the village. They had to make a long, difficult journey, and they flew slowly, maintaining the formation. In the morning and afternoon, in the chilly clear blue of the sky, dark dots of goose flocks flying south were visible and a sonorous cackle was heard. Sometimes a gust of headwind knocked down young geese flying behind. They broke the line of formation, and the old leader, slowing down the measured flight, called them with a sharp, guttural cry. They returned to their places, and the flock flew on.

And yet, it happened that an exhausted old goose would remain on the lake or somewhere in shallow water. It was difficult for her to keep up with the flock, and she flew alone, often falling to the ground and resting from the flight. After resting a little, she tried to catch up with the flock, flapping her wings heavily.

Grammar tasks

1. Underline the gerunds and participles found in the text as members of the sentence.

2. Make a word-formation analysis of words and analysis of words by composition.

I option: withstanding;

II option: slowing down

3. Make a morphological analysis of words.

I option: going down;

II option: resting.

Dictation 4

Night adventure

At the beginning of the summer holidays, my friend and I decided to take a little trip in a rubber boat. Without saying anything to anyone, we quickly got ready to go and by nightfall we were on the banks of the river. The silence of the night, interrupted by some sharp bird's cry, the damp penetrating air - all this had a bad effect on us.

For several minutes we hesitated, but then we resolutely got into the boat, pushed ourselves away from the shore, and the boat went with the current. At first it was terrifying to ride an unfamiliar river, but gradually we got used to it and already boldly looked ahead.

We floated slowly along the river, almost without working with oars. The moon appeared from behind the clouds, illuminating all the surroundings with its mysterious brilliance. Somewhere a nightingale clicked, followed by another. We admired the nightingale singing and completely forgot about the boat. Suddenly, she, having bumped into something, capsized, and we found ourselves waist-deep in water. Having collected our belongings that floated along the river, we got ashore, pulled out the ill-fated boat, lit a fire and warmed ourselves until morning, dried ourselves and discussed the night adventure.

(154 words)

Dictation 5. Theme "Adverb"

Ball Lightning Mystery

The nature of ordinary lightning was unraveled a long time ago. With ball lightning, scientists were less fortunate. Its origin is still unclear. Ball lightning usually appears as a floating or rapidly flying fireball. Often, for unknown reasons, an explosion occurs. But it can also disappear calmly, throwing sparks out of itself.

Since ancient times, ball lightning has attracted attention with the unusualness of its behavior.

Firstly, it does not rise up in the surrounding cold air, and secondly, it retains its shape and moves. It can hover above the ground or move in parallel. The temperature in ball lightning does not rise very high. It is much lower than that at which ordinary air glows.

What is the mystery of ball lightning? Scientists have yet to answer this question.

Grammar tasks

1. Make a word-formation analysis of words and analysis of words by composition.

I option: long time ago;

II option: often.

2. Make a morphological analysis of words.

I option: less (from the 2nd sentence);

II option: unclear (from the 3rd sentence).

Departure of geese

Leaves fell from the trees, and gardeners began to bury vines in the ground. It was then that wild geese flew over the village. They had to make a long, difficult journey, and they flew slowly, maintaining the formation. In the morning and afternoon, in the chilly clear blue of the sky, dark dots of goose flocks flying south were visible and a sonorous cackle was heard. Sometimes a gust of headwind knocked down young geese flying behind. They broke the line of formation, and the old leader, slowing down the measured flight, called them with a sharp, guttural cry. They returned to their places, and the flock flew on.

And yet, it happened that an exhausted old goose would remain on the lake or somewhere in shallow water. It was difficult for her to keep up with the flock, and she flew alone, often falling to the ground and resting from the flight. After resting a little, she tried to catch up with the flock, flapping her wings heavily.

Grammar tasks

1. Underline the gerunds and participles found in the text as members of the sentence.

2. Make a word-formation analysis of words and analysis of words by composition.

I option: withstanding;

II option: slowing down

3. Make a morphological analysis of words.

I option: going down;

II option: resting.

Dictation 4. Themes "Communion" and "Communion"

Night adventure

At the beginning of the summer holidays, my friend and I decided to take a little trip in a rubber boat. Without saying anything to anyone, we quickly got ready to go and by nightfall we were on the banks of the river. The silence of the night, interrupted by some sharp bird's cry, the damp penetrating air - all this had a bad effect on us.

For several minutes we hesitated, but then we resolutely got into the boat, pushed ourselves away from the shore, and the boat went with the current. At first it was terrifying to ride an unfamiliar river, but gradually we got used to it and already boldly looked ahead.

We floated slowly along the river, almost without working with oars. The moon appeared from behind the clouds, illuminating all the surroundings with its mysterious brilliance. Somewhere a nightingale clicked, followed by another. We admired the nightingale singing and completely forgot about the boat. Suddenly, she, having bumped into something, capsized, and we found ourselves waist-deep in water. Having collected our belongings that floated along the river, we got ashore, pulled out the ill-fated boat, lit a fire and warmed ourselves until morning, dried ourselves and discussed the night adventure.

(154 words)

Dictation 5. Theme "Adverb"

Ball Lightning Mystery

The nature of ordinary lightning was unraveled a long time ago. With ball lightning, scientists were less fortunate. Its origin is still unclear. Ball lightning usually appears as a floating or rapidly flying fireball. Often, for unknown reasons, an explosion occurs. But it can also disappear calmly, throwing sparks out of itself.

Since ancient times, ball lightning has attracted attention with the unusualness of its behavior.

Firstly, it does not rise up in the surrounding cold air, and secondly, it retains its shape and moves. It can hover above the ground or move in parallel. The temperature in ball lightning does not rise very high. It is much lower than that at which ordinary air glows.

What is the mystery of ball lightning? Scientists have yet to answer this question.

Grammar tasks

1. Make a word-formation analysis of words and analysis of words by composition.

I option: long time ago;

II option: often.

2. Make a morphological analysis of words.

I option: less (from the 2nd sentence);

II option: unclear (from the 3rd sentence).

Comment. Smaller- adverb in a comparative degree; dont clear- a short adjective, as it depends on the noun (origin(what?) dont clear).

3. Make a syntactic analysis of sentences.

I option: Ball lightning usually appears as a floating or rapidly flying fireball.

II option: Firstly, it does not rise up in the surrounding cold air, and secondly, it retains its shape and moves.

Dictation 6. Topics "Preposition", "Union", "Particle"

I took a long walk along the bluffs above the sea and lay down in a rush chair on the balcony.

The night abyss of the sky is overflowing with multi-colored stars hanging in it, and among them the transparent and also full of stars airily grays the Milky Way, leaning towards the southern horizon, starless and therefore almost black, with two unequal smoke. The balcony overlooks a pebble-strewn garden, sparse and undersized. The night sea opens from the balcony. Pale, milky-mirror, it is motionless, silent. The stars seem to be silent. And a monotonous, not interrupted for a second, crystal ringing stands in all this silent night world, like some kind of ringing dream ...

A special, pre-dawn peace also reigned in all that huge human nest, which is called the city. Silently and somehow differently than during the day, the multi-windowed houses with their numerous inhabitants stood.

(According to I. Bunin)

Grammar tasks

1. Title the text.

2. Perform a morphological analysis of a preposition, conjunction, particle (optional).

Dictation 7. Final

My friends, getting into the palace confectionery is a very tempting business. Fat men knew a lot about dishes. Moreover, the case was exceptional. Parade breakfast! You can imagine what interesting work the palace cooks and confectioners were doing today.

Flying into the confectionery, the seller felt both horror and delight at the same time. So, probably, a wasp flying on a cake displayed on the window by a carefree hostess is horrified and delighted.

He flew for one minute, he did not have time to see anything properly. At first it seemed to him that he was in some amazing poultry house, where they were busy with singing and whistling, hissing and cracking, the multi-colored precious birds of the southern countries. And in the next moment, he thought that this was not a poultry house, but a fruit stand full of tropical fruits, crushed, oozing, filled with their own juice. A sweet, dizzying fragrance hit his nose; heat and stuffiness ate his throat.

(133 words)

(Yu. Olesha)

grammar task

1. Title the text.

2. Perform parsing of sentences.

I option: 1st sentence of the third paragraph;

II option: last sentence of the third paragraph.

Appendix 4
Statements

Statement 1

The hospitality of the Zhitkov family amazed me. It was expressed not in some sugary greetings, but in generous and inexhaustible hospitality. Some silent, smelling of shag, obviously hungry people came, and without any questions they were seated together with their family at a long table covered with oilcloth and fed the same food that the family ate. And her food was simple, without gourmet quirks: porridge, fried mackerel, boiled beef. Usually they dined in silence and even, as it were, frowningly, but over tea drinking they became more sociable, and then stormy disputes arose about Leo Tolstoy, about populism.

In addition to literature, the Zhitkov family loved mathematics, astronomy, and physics. I vaguely recall some electrical appliances in Stepan Vasilyevich's office. I remember the textbooks on mathematics compiled by him; they were piled up in his office.

I was very surprised by the relationship that existed between Stepan Vasilyevich and his son Boris: it was the relationship of two adults, equal people. Boris was given complete freedom, he did what he liked - so great was the conviction of his parents that he would not use their trust for evil. Indeed, he himself told me that he never lied to them about anything.

I had never seen such a family before, and only later, a few years later, did I become convinced that, in essence, it was a Russian working family very typical of that time, scrupulously honest, alien to any kind of falsehood, strict to any falsehood. I vividly remember with what admiration I, a thirteen-year-old boy, absorbed its atmosphere.