Emotions and feelings in colors. Character by favorite colors - how to determine

The influence of color on us can be of an objective nature. Everything that we contemplate affects us is an obvious fact. Often this influence is so objective that it can be measured. For example, the contemplation of red increases blood pressure, and blue lowers it.

The relationship between the choice of color and the emotional-volitional states of a person has been well studied. Psychologists believe that a mentally healthy adult, as well as a child from 3-4 years old, understands the emotional content of the primary colors. One of the psychologists who studied such a relationship was M. Luscher, as well as other researchers.

Let's take a closer look at the relationship between colors and emotional states based on the experimental data of psychology.

Red color associated with joy and anger. This is due to the fact that the red color is the most active in psychophysiological terms, as opposed to the blue color, which has an inhibitory effect on the human nervous system. We can say that all active emotional experiences of a person are associated with red, regardless of their sign: joy, passion, anger. According to research, red is preferred by extroverts. In the mythology of primitive peoples, red is associated with strength, and it can be both “evil” and “good”.

Yellow is consistently associated with the basic emotion of surprise, interest. Of the negative emotions, yellow is associated with disgust. The use of yellow and other bright, light colors is recommended in rooms where people are engaged in cognitive activities and intellectual work: the concepts of “guess”, “surprise”, “confidence” are associated precisely with yellow and red colors. In addition, according to Goethe, shades of yellow (including gold) are favorable for interior design also because they are associated with splendor and well-being. The combination of red and yellow is often chosen by large brands in order to associate the brand with joy and pleasure. There are many such brands: Mcdonald's, Lipton, etc.

Blue color associated with the emotion of interest as well as sadness. In a physiological sense, the blue color has an objective inhibitory effect on the central nervous system, therefore, experiences of a passive orientation are associated with it, from calm contemplation to sadness and sadness. Blue is preferred by introverts. But the rejection of the blue color can indicate increased anxiety and neuroticism. Decorating rooms with shades of blue can visually enlarge the space, but at the same time cause a feeling of cold and sadness. Shades of blue are often chosen by pharmaceutical and drug brands, and this, of course, is no coincidence. A person who chooses this or that medicine should receive emotional calm and confidence.

Basic emotions Green colour is interest and surprise, as well as satisfaction. There is evidence that people who prefer blue-green shades of the spectrum have better self-control and control of emotions, not allowing them to take precedence over intelligence. In Goethe's studies on color, it is recommended to use this color in rooms for permanent residence, since this color gives rest and satisfaction.

Purple and brown colors most of the subjects associated with negative emotions: disgust, anger and fear. Purple is preferred by introverts. Shades of purple are disturbing. On the other hand, purple is associated with the human crown energy center, which connects us to God. Brown color also associated with the emotion of fatigue.

Emotions black color- it is fear, anger, fatigue, sadness. Introverts also choose this color. According to other studies, people with an active, bright, extroverted emotionality and creative imagination may prefer black. Blavatsky noted that among primitive people, black symbolizes the inner sphere of the World, the Hidden Source from which the original (unconscious) wisdom comes. In addition, black is the color of status. Many brands choose a combination of black with gold or yellow in order to emphasize the status of their product. Black, gray and other dark colors are not recommended to be used as the main ones in rooms for mental work - the contemplation of gray and other dark colors causes a feeling of doubt and chagrin.

Color is something that surrounds each person every day, causes special emotions and sensations. The choice of clothes, interior items, improvised means and much more according to shades and palettes directly speaks of a person’s preferences, his state of mind and inner feelings. Preferences in colors also characterize the temperament and mood regarding the upcoming event.

The meaning of colors in psychology

Choosing the right tone contributes to various effects and can even guarantee success in various endeavors (at work, dating, meeting important people, etc.).
Understanding what certain shades and combinations carry in themselves, it will be easier for each person to navigate and even direct the course of events in the right direction. You can understand your state, see changes in your friends and acquaintances, help improve your mood and much more by choosing and combining certain colors in your style and environment (objects on your desktop, home interior, etc.).

Experts have proven that certain events or memories are directly related to a particular color. Almost everyone associates various holidays and events with bright colors such as red, orange, green, pink, yellow, etc. Sad events always blow in black or gray tones.
Subconsciously, people similarly perceive and react to colors. Since childhood, a person gets used to perceive red as an alarming sign, prohibition and anxiety. Green, on the contrary, allows you to perform the desired actions, confidently move forward without feeling danger. Each of them has its own characteristics, differently affect the perception and psychological state of a person.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF RED IN PSYCHOLOGY

Since ancient times, people have shown a special interest in the color red. In many languages, the same word denotes the color red and, in general, everything beautiful, beautiful. Among the Polynesians, the word "red" is synonymous with the word "beloved." In China, a sincere, frank person is said to have a "red heart", while the heart of a bad, treacherous person is black.
Red - exciting, hot, activating, association with danger and aggression. Red is easy to draw attention to any advertisement. The pulse and blood pressure may increase if you look at red for a long time. Red gets tired quickly.
People who prefer red love to be leaders. Almost all of their senses are at their maximum. They are persistent, do not like to put things off. It often happens that those who prefer red are demonstrative and selfish, intolerant, stubborn and cruel. A woman in red, most often, tends to flirt with guys.
Red color also means power, greatness. In Byzantium, only the empress had the right to wear red boots. The Emperor signed in purple ink and sat on a purple throne. For many peoples, red symbolizes the south, flame and heat.

Orange color in psychology

Orange is pretty close to yellow. It has similar features and properties. Cheerfulness, positive attitude, passion, willingness to solve complex problems, joy and spontaneity - all this carries this version of the palette. Orange has a positive effect on a person and takes him out of a depressive state after heavy losses and disappointments. Included in the list of the best colors for psychotherapy.

Lovers of this color have forgiving, easy-going, bright character traits. It is worth considering that their feature is inconstancy and arrogance.

Purple color in psychology

When you combine red and blue, you get purple. Deciphering this shade has certain difficulties and several nuances. Most artists in antiquity painted pregnant girls using this palette shade. This phenomenon is explained by consonance with sensuality.
In the modern world, experts argue about its negative and even depressive effects on a person. Most self-critical, gloomy, dissatisfied personalities prefer to surround themselves with purple objects and clothing. Using it in small amounts can be beneficial, because purple overestimates self-esteem. It should be noted that this color is not used when working with the elderly and young children.

THE MEANING OF PINK

Pink is a soft color that dulls the emotions of anger and aggression. In places where children with antisocial behavior are corrected, pink walls or furniture are often used. If after a hard day you come home angry and aggressive, look at something pink and your aggression will disappear.
Pink can mean goodness, passion, romance, love. Those who prefer pink want to live life to the fullest, desire new experiences, are hardworking and do not like to rest. But sometimes people who prefer pink can be frivolous, childish, who love to show off in front of everyone.
Pink is the color of life, of all living things. He talks about the need to love and be kinder. Those who like him can get excited about the most insignificant thing. In people who are overly pragmatic, this color causes irritation.

Blue color

This shade in psychology symbolizes calmness and contentment. It balances mood swings and other aspects of the human psyche, evens out well-being throughout the day. It is recommended for the design of work areas and offices, when it is necessary to develop discipline, diligence, organization, and leadership qualities among employees.
Blue color develops the ability to find profitable compromises, make cold, balanced decisions. It disposes to the stable functioning of all systems of the human body, including mental processes.
It is used as a balancing lever, which returns the mind and contributes to the rapid rehabilitation of people with neurosis and other mental conditions. The whole psychology of the color of the sea is based on this.

Green color

It is a completely natural and maximally adapted color, which causes only positive feelings in a person's life.
Naturally, many shades of green can cause some discomfort, such as neon. Over time, they irritate the visual analyzer, contributing to fatigue, and worsen well-being. But, besides this, neon shades improve appetite, causing a feeling of hunger. It is often used in rooms that are intended for eating.
Other shades of green are more calm and peaceful. Favorably affect the vision and well-being of a person. A return to the primitive beginning of a person associates green with something natural and native, so it is perceived very easily in any interiors, clothes and household trifles.

Black color - meaning in psychology

Many people believe that everything connected with black has a negative meaning, but in fact it is not.
It embodies authoritarianism, it has been proven that people in black clothes become more weighty, so it is not for long surprising that rich people prefer it.
In some cases, the color value indicates a serious psychological imbalance. If black prevails in the drawings of children, then it is urgent to contact a specialist.
A person who prefers this color is a mystery and, choosing such clothes, he unconsciously tries to attract the attention of others. If dark tones prevail in the wardrobe, then this indicates that such and such important things are missing in life.
Black color in psychology has a connection with sexual attractiveness. People who love him agree to experiments in bed.

The meaning of white in psychology

The lightest representative of the color scheme is the personification of purity, innocence, joy and fidelity.
It means freedom of opportunity and the removal of all existing barriers. White color in psychology is a symbol of equality, because it combines other shades.
A person who prefers white is completely given to any business, wanting to bring it to perfection. He is open to the world and easily senses deceit.
Understanding what colors mean, it is worth noting that this light shade also has an opposite meaning, which is due to the fact that it is able to neutralize other colors, personifying emptiness.

The meaning of gray in psychology

The average neutral value between black and white is occupied by gray, so it does not distract from important matters. According to surveys, there are very few people who prefer it in their wardrobe and life in general.
Gray color in psychology means that the person who likes it puts the mind in the first place, not emotions. For insecure people, clothes of this color give strength.
Consider a mixture of black and white a shade of calm, balance, realism and order.
Doctors and psychologists are sure that people who love gray are on the verge of nervous and emotional exhaustion.

Yellow

The color of gold, which since ancient times was perceived as a frozen color of the sun. This is the color of autumn, the color of ripe ears and withering leaves, but also the color of illness, death, the other world.
In many nations, women preferred yellow clothes. Often, yellow color served as a hallmark of noble people and upper classes. For example, Mongolian lamas wear yellow clothing with a red sash.
On the other hand, among some peoples of Asia, yellow is the color of mourning, sorrow, sadness. In Europe, a yellow or yellow-black flag meant quarantine, and a yellow cross meant plague. Among the Slavic peoples, yellow is considered the color of jealousy, betrayal, and in Tibet, jealousy is literally called “yellow eye”. Let's also remember the "yellow press" and the "yellow house"

Blue color - meaning in psychology

If you want to calm down and inspire confidence in another person, it is recommended to use blue. With it, you can earn respect and emphasize your social status.
Blue color in psychology is a symbol of stability. It stimulates and motivates well, so it is recommended to paint the walls in the office with it.
Blue is a symbol of straightness and stability.
This shade is used in the design of the hospital, since it has been proven that it gives strength to seriously ill people, helping them fight ailments. Athletes, training in the hall with blue walls, achieve the best results in competitions.

The meaning of brown in psychology

If a person prefers things with such a shade in his life, then this indicates his self-confidence. Psychologists recommend that you always use brown in moments of life when many problems arise. He inspires hope in a person that everything will turn out well.
Brown in psychology means that the people who choose it love to work and always tell the truth. When going to an interview, it is recommended to wear brown clothes.
It is associated with common sense, reliability and resilience, but it is also associated with frustration and depression.
Brown combines red, which contains aggression and activity, and yellow, which extinguishes these qualities.
Finding out the meaning of colors, it is worth pointing out that brown fans love life in all its manifestations, but at the same time they are reasonable. In critical situations, they can show composure and rationalism.
As for the sex life, the “brown” person prefers conservatism and traditionalism. For him, in the first place is the emotional state, and then, already physiology.

Burgundy color - meaning in psychology

To form this shade, red and brown are used, so the characteristics inherent in them are transferred to burgundy. In life, he is preferred by strong business people who are conservative, confident and solid.

Burgundy color in psychology personifies power and strength. If you often use it in clothes, you can develop assertiveness, stamina and determination.

It is important to bear in mind that in large quantities, Bordeaux begins to negatively affect the psyche and can cause depression, so psychologists recommend using color in doses.

When analyzing the meaning of colors, it is worth pointing out that people who wear burgundy things are energetic, and they have excellent organizational skills, but at the same time they are stingy with emotions.

Color symbolism. Color and character. Color and functionality.

The symbolism of color has a long history. Since time immemorial, people have attached particular importance to reading the "language of colors", which is reflected in ancient myths, folk tales, fairy tales, various religious and mystical teachings. So, in astrology, the rays of the Sun, decomposed into a spectrum and giving 7 colors, corresponded to 7 main planets: red is the color of Mars, blue is the color of Venus, yellow is the color of Mercury, green is the color of Saturn, purple is the color of Jupiter, orange is the color of the Sun, purple is the color of the moon. At the same time, the colors symbolized not only the planets and their influence, but also the social status of people, their various psychological states. This was manifested in the selection of clothes of certain colors, folk sayings, rituals, etc. Different peoples have developed a certain symbolism of colors that has come down to our days.

So, people from ancient times showed a special interest in red. In many languages, the same word denotes the color red and, in general, everything beautiful, beautiful. Among the Polynesians, the word "red" is synonymous with the word "beloved » . In China, a sincere, frank person is called a "red heart", while the heart of an evil, treacherous person is black.

Red color primarily associated with blood and fire. Its symbolic meanings are very diverse and, at times, contradictory. Red symbolizes joy, beauty, love and fullness of life, and on the other hand - enmity, revenge, war. Red has been associated with aggressiveness and sexual desire since ancient times.

Red is the main heraldic color. On the banner, he symbolizes rebellion, revolution, struggle. It is interesting that among many tribes of Africa, America and Australia, warriors, preparing for a fight, painted their bodies and faces red. Carthaginians and Spartans wore red clothes during the war. In ancient China, the rebels called themselves "red warriors", "red spears", "red eyebrows".

Red also means power, greatness. In Byzantium, only the empress had the right to wear red boots. The Emperor signed in purple ink and sat on a purple throne. For many peoples, red symbolizes the south, flame and heat.

White color symbolizes purity, spotlessness, innocence, virtue, joy. It is associated with daylight and also with the generative force that is embodied in milk and eggs. Whiteness is associated with the idea of the obvious, generally accepted, legal, true.

In ancient Rome, the vestals wore white dresses and white veils. Ever since antiquity, the white color has meant detachment from the worldly, striving for spiritual simplicity. In the Christian tradition, white denotes kinship with the divine light. Angels, saints and righteous people are depicted in white. In some nations, kings and priests wore white clothes, which symbolized solemnity and greatness.

However, white can also have the opposite meaning. By its nature, it seems to absorb, neutralize all other colors and correlates with emptiness, incorporeality, icy silence and, ultimately, with death. The Slavs dressed the dead in white clothes and covered them with a white shroud. It is customary for some tribes in Africa and Australia to paint the body with white paint after the death of someone close to them. In China and some other countries in Asia and Africa, white is the color of mourning. In the old days, white mourning was also used by the Slavs.

Black color, as a rule, symbolizes misfortune, grief, mourning, death. So, in ancient Mexico, during the ritual sacrifice of a person, the face and hands of the priests were painted black. Black eyes are still considered dangerous, envious. Sinister characters are dressed in black, the appearance of which portends death.

It is also believed that there is a connection between the color black and sexual attractiveness. In some African tribes, women with very black skin are highly valued as lovers, but not as wives. Love passion is shrouded in darkness and mystery; therefore, black can symbolize something secret and passionately desired. Among the Arabs, the expression "blackness of the eyes" means beloved, "blackness of the heart" - love.

Thus, black can also have a favorable meaning. It is perceived as such, for example, in the arid regions of Africa, where there is little water and black clouds promise fertility and abundance. Black bulls, goats or birds are sacrificed to the guardian spirits who send rain, while the priests also dress in black.

Yellow- the color of gold, which since ancient times was perceived as a frozen color of the sun. This is the color of autumn, the color of ripe ears and withering leaves, but also the color of illness, death, the other world.

In many nations, women preferred yellow clothes. Often, yellow color served as a hallmark of noble people and upper classes. For example, Mongolian lamas wear yellow clothing with a red sash.

On the other hand, among some peoples of Asia, yellow is the color of mourning, sorrow, sadness. In Europe, a yellow or yellow-black flag meant quarantine, and a yellow cross meant plague. Among the Slavic peoples, yellow is considered the color of jealousy, betrayal, and in Tibet, jealousy is literally called “yellow eye”. Let's also remember the "yellow press" and the "yellow house"

Blue color in many nations it symbolizes heaven and eternity. It can also symbolize kindness, fidelity, constancy, location, and in heraldry it means chastity, honesty, good fame and fidelity. "Blue blood" speaks of noble birth; the English call a true Protestant "blue".

In addition, the color blue is close to black and receives similar symbolic meanings. It was considered mourning in ancient Egypt and among some peoples of South Africa. The French call horror "blue fear" (recall the tale of the "blue beard". Among the Slavic peoples, blue served as the color of sadness, grief, was associated with the demonic world. Ancient legends describe black and blue demons.

Green is the color of grass and leaves. For many nations, it symbolizes youth, hope, fun, although sometimes it is also immaturity, insufficient perfection. The green color is extremely material and has a calming effect, but it can also produce a depressing impression (it is no coincidence that longing is called “green”, and the person himself “turns green” with anger).

The Iranians associate the green color both with rapid growth and freshness, and with misfortune, sadness, sorrow, therefore they say about the ill-fated person “green leg”, and about the cemetery - “green house”. In medieval Europe, jesters wore green and yellow clothes, and bankrupts in Germany had to wear green hats.

The ancient symbolism of colors and their interpretation in various cultures is confirmed in modern theories of the relationship between color and emotional-volitional states not only of an individual, but also of entire communities. The correspondence between color and the dominant psychological state was studied by M. Luscher, I. Goethe and other psychologists.

Today, the symbolism of flowers is widely used in business advertising. Psychologists have found that blue, gold, white, black, red are colors that can be used to identify a product with an elite segment, since these are “expensive” colors that have been identified with the elite of society for centuries. Indeed, in the goods of the upper price range, the combination of blue or black with gold is very common. Black color allows you to effectively highlight the logo (made, for example, in gold) or the image of the product itself. This is done in order to focus the consumer's attention not on the packaging, but on the product itself, to show its significance and prestige. For example, this technique is used by many producers of expensive alcoholic beverages, in particular, Johnny Walker and Black Label whiskey, Comus or Martell cognac. Thus, the name of the product stands out and it is emphasized that in front of you is an elite drink. The same approach is practiced when creating expensive perfumes and colognes for men.

If the colors of the premium segment should be associated with confidence, solidity, then the combination of red and yellow, on the contrary, is associated with a feeling of joy, warmth, fun. It is no coincidence that these two colors are used by "folk" McDonald's restaurants and Lipton tea. Green and blue, which are considered the colors of the May morning, have their own associations. They are usually used to show the freshness of the product.

There are also colors that are strictly forbidden to combine with each other, as they cause negative emotions in the consumer. For example, the combination of purple and orange speaks of hopelessness, suicide. The same effect is caused by an inscription written, for example, in white letters on a dull black background.

Color and character

Each person prefers one color, at least no more than two or three (depending on where these colors are used - in clothes, furnishings, car color, etc.). The pleasant or unpleasant feeling that a particular color evokes can change over time. But in any case, the color you prefer can tell a lot about your character and emotional makeup. Psychologists in such cases use a color test developed by the Swiss psychologist Max Lüscher in the late 1940s. The Luscher test, used by professional psychologists, requires special training for its application. The “lightweight” version of the Luscher test can be easily tested by anyone, using the usual setting of a modern color TV.

Psychologists say : if at the same time red color prevails, then the owner of the TV is trusting, but overly emotional and aggressive. If yellow stands out clearly, then such a person inspires confidence in others, is an optimist and expresses friendliness. But the constant smile on his face is most often a mask behind which lies a strong internal tension. The predominant blue-green color indicates that a person is timid and weak, but dangerous if someone gets in his way. And, finally, those who prefer light blue are accommodating, lazy and do not know the limits in food and drink.

An experienced observer can also provide additional information about a person by their preferred color of the car. As proof of this, one can cite the data of the American psychologist Berthold Schwartz, who claims that the color of a car can be used to judge some of the psychological characteristics of its owner. So, the owners of red and yellow cars are optimists, love of life and consider themselves happy. Nature lovers and realists ride in green. Blue is chosen by people with a balanced character. The owners of white cars hold conservative views, while business people drive in black ones. Gray and silver are to the taste of proud people, and brown is preferred by respectable spouses and fathers of large families.

Below is a description of the primary colors. Based on the preference for one color or another, everyone can independently draw a conclusion about their psychological characteristics.

white- the synthesis of all colors, so it is the "ideal" color. It has a significant meaning, since it simultaneously conveys both the brilliance of light and the coldness of ice. This color can be preferred by a person with any character, he does not repel anyone;
black- the color of uncertainty, symbolizing a gloomy perception of life. Those who prefer to dress in black often perceive life in dark colors, are unsure of themselves, unhappy, prone to depression, because they have no doubt that their ideals in life are unattainable. The frequent change of a black suit or dress to another, brighter, catchy one, indicates that pessimistic moods are often dispelled. The constant choice of black indicates the presence of a certain crisis state and characterizes an aggressive rejection of the world or oneself (recall the black banners of anarchists). Children who are acutely experiencing the lack of care and love often use black shading in the drawing. Normally, black is generally rejected;
grey- the favorite color of reasonable and distrustful natures who think for a long time before making any decision. It is also a neutral color that is preferred by those who are afraid to make themselves known too loudly. If you don’t like this color, then this is an indicator of an impulsive, frivolous character. Often the gray color is also preferred in case of severe overwork as a barrier that separates from the stimuli of the outside world. In situations of psychological testing, this color is used as a means of protection against the penetration of another into the inner world of the test subject. A study of about two thousand young men in a situation of competitive examinations for filling vacant positions showed that gray was put in the first place by 27% of the subjects instead of the usual 5% in a normal situation;
red- the color of passion. If this is a favorite color, then such a person is bold, this is a strong-willed, imperious type, quick-tempered and sociable. Plus, he's an altruist. People who are annoyed by this color have an inferiority complex, fear of quarrels, a tendency to solitude, stability in relationships. Red color symbolizes excitement, energy. This color is also a symbol of eroticism. Disgust, ignoring red reflects organic weakness, physical or mental exhaustion. Prisoners of war, forced to live in life-threatening conditions for years, rejected him especially often. Red is the color most preferred by teenagers;
brown- choose those who firmly and confidently stood on their feet. People who have a weakness for him appreciate traditions, family. The preference for brown reflects, first of all, the desire for simple instinctive experiences, primitive sensual joys. However, the choice of this color as the most preferred also indicates a certain physical exhaustion. Normally, along with black, brown is most often rejected;
yellow- symbolizes calmness, ease in relations with people, intelligence. When he is loved, it means sociability, curiosity, courage, easy adaptability and enjoyment of the opportunity to please and attract people to him. When he is unpleasant, then we are talking about a person who is concentrated, pessimistic, with whom it is difficult to make acquaintance. Yellow is obtained by mixing green and red and is the color of energy. The greatest preference for yellow is given by pregnant women who are expecting a successful outcome of childbirth, as well as people prone to changing places. Yellow is also interpreted as the color of illumination (halo of Christ or Buddha);
blue- the color of the sky, peace, relaxation. If you like him, then this speaks of modesty and melancholy; such a person often needs to rest, he quickly gets tired, it is extremely important for him to have a sense of confidence, the benevolence of others. In the rejection of this color, a person is revealed who wants to give the impression that he can do everything in the world. But, in essence, he is a model of uncertainty and isolation. Indifference to this color speaks of a well-known frivolity in the field of feelings, although hidden under the mask of courtesy. In short, the choice of blue as the most preferred color reflects the physiological and psychological need of a person for peace, and the rejection of it means that a person avoids relaxation. With illness or overwork, the need for blue increases;
green- the color of nature, nature, life itself, spring. The one who prefers it is afraid of someone else's influence, looking for a way of self-assertion, since this is vitally important for him. Anyone who does not love him is afraid of everyday problems, the vicissitudes of fate, in general, all difficulties. Green color contains hidden potential energy, reflects the degree of volitional tension, so people who prefer green color strive for self-confidence and confidence in general. Eccentric people, who achieve their goals not with purposeful volitional activity, but through emotions, reject the green color as unsympathetic. Along with them, the green color is rejected by people who are on the verge of mental and physical exhaustion.

Other colors can also tell about the psychological characteristics of a person's condition. So, orange- the favorite color of people with intuition and passionate dreamers. In heraldry, this color also means hypocrisy and pretense. Pink is the color of life, of all living things. He talks about the need to love and be kinder. Those who like him can get excited about the most insignificant thing. In people who are overly pragmatic, this color causes irritation. Purple symbolizes the inherent human infantilism and suggestibility, the need for support, support. In this sense, the choice or denial of the purple color acts as a kind of indicator of mental and sexual maturity.

Research conducted by Russian psychologists V.F. Petrenko and V.V. Kucherenko, confirm the existing relationship between the emotional states of a person and his choice of certain colors as preferred. So, in situations of joy, fun, energy-saturated colors (yellow and red) are especially preferred, colors of peace and relaxation (blue and brown), as well as the color of non-existence (black) are simultaneously denied. For situations where a person feels guilty for various actions, it is typical, on the contrary, to deny the energy-rich red and yellow and prefer gray and blue colors. Blue, therefore, reflects not only serene peace and relaxation, but in combination with gray corresponds to a state of passive depression. In situations that pose any danger to a person, a preference is given to green, associated with volitional tension, and yellow, as energy-saturated, associated with the need for a quick discharge of tension. Moreover, if fear is characterized by the predominance of green and gray colors while rejecting yellow, red and purple, then aggressive excitement in response to danger is characterized by a combination of yellow and green while rejecting black and brown.

Color and functionality.

Currently, scientists are making active attempts to use the influence of color on human psychophysiology for commercial and domestic purposes. At the same time, as already noted, each person perceives color in his own way. Therefore, decorators and designers, designing the interior of premises, should always take into account socio-demographic features - gender, age, profession, etc. However, there are some general characteristics of the impact of colors on humans. The predominance of any color (or combination of colors) in the design of the room creates a certain emotional business environment. Few businessmen know that the color scheme of the interior affects the subconscious of a person. And not only on the performance of employees, but also on the results of business negotiations.

Thus, the blue color contributes to better assimilation of information and the establishment of friendly relations, so it is recommended to use it in negotiation rooms. And, it would seem, blue, close to it, on the contrary, scatters attention and reduces the efficiency of staff. So many managers do not even realize that the reason for a sharp decline in the commercial profit of their company may well be ... a chic renovation in the office, made in the now very fashionable "sky blue" style.

Green color has a calming effect on the nervous system, relieves headaches, fatigue, irritability, lowers blood pressure. Red increases the content of adrenaline in the blood, increases efficiency and is therefore especially recommended for slow, lethargic people. However, an excess of red and green at the subconscious level awakens a thirst for profit in a person, and red, among other things, increases aggressiveness (it is no coincidence that the red jacket has become the symbol of the “new Russians”). Violet color improves the functioning of the heart and lungs, increases the endurance of the body. Nevertheless, they should not be abused: this color is a sub-threshold catalyst for fatigue. So if you want to buy a purple blouse, then it's time to go on vacation.

The transition in the room from yellow to blue is soothing. They walk on the pink floor with caution, on the brown floor - confidently. The white luminescent color irritates the nervous system, and the yellow-orange light of the lamps promotes creative thinking and good mood.

It has also been observed that in public places where coloration is limited to white, black and grey, people do not linger unnecessarily. Colors can visually expand rooms (for example, yellow and yellow-green) or narrow them (red-orange). At the same time, in a red room it seems 3-4 degrees warmer than in an orange one, and in an orange room it seems 3-4 degrees warmer than in a blue-green one.

Each of the colors carries its own emotional load, which must be taken into account when stimulating labor activity. So, the combination of red and blue-green color stimulates overall performance. Yellow or yellow-green with orange relieve mental fatigue, and yellow separately promotes mental activity. Blue is recommended for child labor rooms, pink for the welding shop, and blue for the lathe. In general, during work, yellow-green tones in various combinations and shades are the most optimal. During meals, orange-red tones are preferred, and during rest hours, it is not so much the tone that matters as the dynamics of colors.

So what colors are recommended to give preference to when decorating an office? It is better to use yellow tones, but in small quantities. Large doses of yellow give rise to excessive greed (who needs employees who are always dissatisfied with their salary or partners who make excessive financial demands?), And small doses stimulate brain activity and increase the efficiency of mental work. Moderate doses of yellow contribute to the success of negotiations, as they stimulate the desire to find compromises.

Literature.

Color personality test. - Minsk, 2000.
Petrenko V.F., Kucherenko V.V. Relationship between emotion and color. - Vestn. Moscow un-ta - ser 14. - 1988. - No. 3.
Know yourself. - Moscow, 1990.
Shchekin G.V. Visual psychodiagnostics and its methods. - Kyiv., 1990.

More about the psychology of color:

Every person has their favorite color. The one that calms him, gives pleasure, uplifts or is simply pleasing to the eye. But few people know that he can characterize not only the person himself, but also his temper. The fact that color has a meaning remained unknown for many years, but now, thanks to the development of such a science as psychology, you can find out the characteristics of a person by his favorite shade.

The psychology of color

It is worth talking about the meaning of colors in psychology. The facts are well known, how marketers use colors to increase store sales, how stylists select not only the clothes themselves, but also their shade for a person in order to attract the attention of others. These and other phenomena are studied by the psychology of color. The definition of colors in psychology and their influence on a person is primarily due to their effect on her mood and emotions. For example, when a person looks at dark blue, the number of beats of his heart per minute decreases, breathing slows down. From this we can conclude: dark blue is a calming color, it gives peace and tranquility. Orange, on the contrary, increases blood pressure, speeds up the heartbeat, gives a person some kind of stimulation. Of course, colors act on the nervous system, on which all human life depends.

Visual perception of color

The constant addiction of a person to one or another shade is explained by his character. The man has always liked red, but suddenly he buys a gray thing, regardless of the meaning of the colors of the clothes. In psychology, this phenomenon is explained simply: here he is used to red and wears it all the time, and he bought gray, because at that moment his mood prompted him, a kind of splash. It turns out that with the help of color, you can change your mood. Those who have recently had a bad one most often look at dark shades. The choice is made intuitively. If the mood is high, then a person needs bright colors.

Luscher color test

Max Lüscher is a professor and psychologist from Switzerland. He devoted his scientific activity to the study of the provisions of color diagnostics. It was he who came up with the test, named after him, built on the basis of functional psychology. So what is the meaning of color in psychology according to Luscher? First of all, the professor emphasized that the structure of color, and hence its meaning, remains unchanged. This means that regardless of whether a person likes dark blue or not, it still means “peace”. Luscher decided to consider the very attitude of people to colors. And if each person sees it in his own way, then, perhaps, the meaning of colors in psychology also varies.

The psychology of gray

Gray is a sign of neutrality, the middle. A person who chooses it for himself does not take into account the meaning of colors in human psychology. She wants to stay away from everything outside. Such people prefer not to open up to others, they keep everything to themselves. This does not mean that they are tense or relaxed, they are just in the middle, in neutral territory. This desire to isolate oneself from everything, to remain untouched.

Those people for whom gray is in last place consider it very boring and monotonous. They prefer to enjoy life and enjoy bright colors. It has something to do with the irresistible desire to be constantly involved in some kind of activity.

The psychology of blue

Blue color has always symbolized peace and harmony. Scientists have proven that when a person looks at objects made in blue tones, he calms down. At this time, his body is preparing for rest and relaxation. This shade carries a harmonious state and symbolizes unity with the world. The meaning of colors in psychology, especially blue, dark blue, indigo, blue, contains associations with silence and peace.

Blue finds a correspondence with calm waters, a phlegmatic person, femininity, tenderness. Many scientists believe that it has material completeness. Obese people most often give their preference to this particular shade. If during the test a person rejects the blue color, it means that he runs away from peace and trust, his need for this remains unsatisfied. This may indicate that he does not want to become attached to something and cannot afford to spend time on this, since, in his opinion, such an act entails the rejection of something very important. Relaxation can lead to depression, which many try to stay away from. Usually they are constantly tense, and are in search of external stimuli, they do everything so that the state of rest never comes, because this can lead to a lifestyle that is devoid of meaning.

The psychology of green

The action of green is also considered an important component in the interpretation of the concept of "meaning of colors". In psychology, it is believed that people whose emotional attachment is unsatisfied try to compensate with this paint. She symbolizes independence. Sympathy for her is often found in young people who want to quickly become independent. She is a symbol of constancy and perseverance, a certain degree of cruelty, firmness and perseverance. People who choose green are very wary of change. They seek to increase self-confidence, in their skills and abilities through self-affirmation. They can win the sympathy of others, for example, at the expense of their financial situation.

This shade to some extent controls the person. A person can feel pride, superiority over others, a desire to control other members of society. Green lovers tend to think a lot about health and how to increase the length of their lives. They defend their principles, sometimes suffer from the fact that they do not receive recognition from other people. As for those who have green in last place, we can say that they have lost the strength to fight. This can lead them to blame others for their mistakes. Those who reject the green color are people who have lost their self-control and patience, due to which impulsiveness appears in their behavior.

The psychology of red

People who want to experience sexual intoxication choose red or its shade of crimson. Significance in psychology shows that they are, first of all, looked at by individuals who crave exciting experiences and emotions. Shades of red symbolize vitality. They increase blood pressure, improve appetite. People who love red want to experience the fullness of life. Those who put it in the first place are attached to sports and wrestling. This is the color of masculinity, aspiration, fire, spiritual forces, conquest. Also signifies sexual desire. People who have red in last place are threatened by it, because they have a lack of vitality. As a color to compensate for it, they most often choose blue to enhance the calm. At the same time, attachment to him becomes painful due to failures in love.

The psychology of yellow

Often, the rejection of blue causes a person to choose yellow. Significance in psychology is associated with aggravated attachment, requiring relief in order to eliminate depression. Unsatisfied emotionality makes a person constantly look for a way out of the situation. This is a search for satisfaction and harmony, an attempt to find the meaning of life and a place where you can use your capabilities to the maximum. Yellow is the brightest, liveliest and lightest color. Associated with stimulation. The pulse and respiration become more frequent, as well as with red.

The main advantage of yellow is its brightness and unconscious positive. It indicates a person's desire to free himself from heaviness, from something that oppresses him. People who have this color in the first place hope for happiness, and wait for it in all forms and manifestations. They want recognition and respect. Well, those who put yellow on the last, as a rule, were disappointed in life, in hopes, in people. They stand face to face with emptiness. Due to the brightness inherent in yellow, it can be rejected due to overexcitation, as a result of which a person feels irritable, angry, distrustful of people, and is constantly in a bad mood.

The psychology of purple

People choosing a color scheme may not appreciate the meaning of lilac. In psychology, he points to the increased emotionality of a person, as a result of which he can anticipate some actions or events. Purple is a mixture of red and blue, unbridled energy and calmness. Two opposing forces. For the love of magic and the desire to possess it, it is the purple color that is responsible. Significance in psychology is explained, on the one hand, by a person’s dreams of sensual merging with a partner, and on the other hand, by isolation, because there are no prerequisites for this.

The psychology of brown

Scientists have long studied the psychology of color. The meaning of color in the clothes chosen by a person describes his essence very well. Brown is a mixture of yellow and red with shading. All the wildness of red in it is muffled, crushed. In the first place it is put by people who lack vitality. Everything around them is perceived passively. Brown symbolizes the sensory perception of the world and makes it clear how a person relates to physical sensations. He has an increased need for rest, to create comfort and peace around him. If brown is in last place or the color is rejected altogether, the person is seen as a person trying to distinguish himself from the crowd. As a result, it can cause the attention of obsessive sexual people.

The psychology of black

Black expresses the highly controversial meaning of color. Meaning and psychology, combined into a single whole, give the idea that it is the darkest and is always associated with mourning and depression. Since for many this color symbolizes a certain border, it expresses “nothing, complete denial. Black gives a person a desire to defend himself and displace irritants. It is a rejection and a contradiction at the same time. A person who has this color in the first place is able to give up everything. Those who put black in last place are unwilling to endure hardship, make excessive demands on themselves and avoid danger.

Each color has its own meaning, its own character, which affects our lives and behavior much more than it seems. What is color psychology? How do colors affect our emotions? What does each color mean? What is the symbolism of flowers in different cultures? What is the meaning of colors in psychology? Each tone and shade is associated with certain feelings, thoughts… In this article, we will get acquainted with the basic concepts of color psychology and give you some tips on how you can use the influence of color in everyday life. You will learn how to apply the knowledge of this science in practice.

The psychology of color

The psychology of color: what is it and what is it used for

What is the meaning of colors in psychology? What does each color mean? There is a whole science of color, which includes knowledge about the nature, components, characteristics of color, color contrasts, harmony, etc., called coloring. The psychology of color, in turn, explores How do colors affect us?. Colors may change our perception feelings and even make us worry. With the help of color, you can improve memory and attention, and even convince a person to make a particular decision. Knowledge of the meanings of colors is the key to understanding human behavior.

Color can completely change our idea of a particular object, subject or element. Imagine for a moment a toy for toddlers. Most likely, you imagined a bright, cheerful rattle or a shiny, contrasting fun toy. Now imagine the same toy, only ... completely black with silver details ... shocking, right?

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Very likely. Although there is no color code for certain things as such, throughout our lives, we associate everything we see with certain colors. We do it every day and don't even think about it. However, when suddenly we notice, for example, a blue banana, orange eye lenses, or a sparkling yellow tree, it surprises us.

Research in the field of color psychology does not stop. The possession of this knowledge is of key importance for creative people, businesses and companies that plan to bring new products to the market. However, this science is also useful in everyday life: how not to make a mistake with the choice of a gift for a special occasion, how to please your best friend with the right present, how to create comfort in the house - understanding the psychology of color can help us in all this.

Color affects emotions and mental state. The psychology of color: the brain and emotions

Every day we do a huge number of things and are influenced by numerous incentives. Our brains are constantly being challenged. We do not even always have enough time to process all the information received through the senses during the day.

So, the associations we have adopted about shape and color save us a lot of time because they are processed automatically.

The psychology of color: the symbolism of blue

The meaning of green

Green is the most natural color, the color of nature, grass, youth and hope, health, fertility, money. According to the psychology of color, it is also the color of freshness and harmony, peace, tranquility. People who protect nature are also called "greens".

However, this color also has its “dark” side. It is also associated with poison, with that which poisons us, as in the above example - "turned green with envy or anger." However, most of the meanings of this color are positive.

neuropsychological

The meaning of brown

Brown is associated with laziness, dirt, vulgarity, vagrancy and ugliness. It may seem outdated, boring. This is one of the most underrated colors.

However, brown is also the color of wood and autumn, warmth and comfort. It is the color of chocolate and tan. This color surrounds us everywhere and evokes a huge variety of associations.

Psychology of color: what brown says

The meaning of gray

In the psychology of color, gray symbolizes mainly old age, modesty and simplicity. It can be dark, boring or bland, and even harbor secrets and mysteries. Hence the expressions - “gray scheme” or “gray salary”. On the other hand, this color reminds us of elegance in fashion or the “gray matter” of the brain.

What does black mean

As with white, there is still debate about whether black is actually a color. According to color psychology, black is associated with night, power, and death. It represents mystery, mourning, denial, hatred, cruelty, and the like. Black cats are associated with bad luck and no one wants to experience a “rainy day”.

However... who doesn't have black in their wardrobe? This color surrounds us everywhere, it is useful and functional. A beautiful black dress or suit is always an elegant option for evening wear.

Psychology of color: what does black mean

Eva Geller's book The Psychology of Color goes into detail about the meaning of colors. This book is one of the main sources for this article.

Color symbolism in different cultures

Research has been done as to whether the classification of colors is natural or determined by society. B. Berlin and P. Kay, having studied various cultures, came to the conclusion that among most cultures there are general trends in the categorization of colors. It is generally accepted that there are six primary colors, and all the rest are somehow grouped around them. The concepts of primary colors are the same, and then variations are already possible.

As for the meanings: in Europe it is not customary to dress brightly for a funeral, black or dark colors are preferable. In Asia, mourning is symbolized by the white color, since this color is associated with ideas about reincarnation. However, earlier in Europe, this color was widely used by women in mourning, they covered their heads with large white scarves.

However, within our culture color symbolism is not permanent. Did you know that in Europe, girls began to dress in pink and boys in blue, around 1920? In recent years, this tradition has come under increasing criticism. Over time, we change the meanings of colors and create new traditions that will someday also be forgotten or fashion will dictate its own new rules.

The brand of a company is very important. If we are told about the color red and a drink… no more clues are needed, we understand what kind of company we are talking about. Various companies use certain colors and other visual elements in their logo in a way that conveys their individuality. The role of color is key in marketing strategies, and sciences such as neuromarketing explore the effects of colors on the brain and human consumer behavior.

Imagine that the same restaurant chain will decorate each of its restaurants in completely opposite colors, without respecting the corporate style. In this case, our understanding of this brand will be blurred, we may not even remember that this is the same network. As a result, such a restaurant will lose many opportunities to retain and expand the customer base. Of course, the image, logo and corporate style is not everything, but it is important. Especially now, with a high level of development of competition in the market.

We can even see how companies use colors depending on the target audience or current market trends. For example, many people add a green light to their logo, which symbolizes ecology and environmental protection.

Color is important not only for customers and consumers. Employees will also feel better and be more productive if they work in a comfortable office or space. A dark, poorly lit space will have a bad effect on performance and force workers to spend as little time as possible in the workplace.

And vice versa, if we paint the walls white, add something green, blue and other warm colors to the interior (taking into account the corporate style), the workplace will become cozy.

How colors affect our daily life

Colors play a big role in our daily life. From birth, we are asked what color we like, and here everyone has their own preferences. Almost all items that are sold are available in different colors. Therefore, for sure, when buying a cup, we will choose our favorite color.

For more serious purchases, options are possible. The main thing here is not to make a mistake. Maybe you love the color orange, but when you buy a car, you realize that you don't want to draw undue attention on the road. Therefore, probably, the choice will fall on a car of a different color.

On the other hand, black or blue cars are hard to see on the road at night. White color is very picky about cleanliness, and you might want something “fun”. Such doubts are resolved through much thought and advice from family and friends.

neuropsychological

1 Your favorite color is not suitable for all occasions

Maybe you love purple, but this color can be dreary if you over-decorate your room with it. However, it is a wonderful color in clothing. You can create unusual, unusual combinations, for example, by combining it with orange. But before you get dressed, always think about whether such an outfit is suitable for this particular occasion.

2 Context plays a key role in choosing a color

We know about the meaning of color in different cultures and circumstances. Showing up for a lawyer interview in a bright green sequined suit doesn't make much sense. In other situations, don't be afraid to experiment.

3 The main thing is to be able to combine colors

Imagine that we need to send an important letter or design a poster, and we have taken into account all the elements of color psychology. However, there is another aspect - how will two colors be combined with each other together? For example, brown combined with golden, yellow or orange is associated with autumn. However, in combination with black or gray, it becomes too conservative and unimpressive.

4 Colors should also be functional

When wearing a white shirt, who hasn't thought about how easy it can get dirty with anything during the day? There are colors that are more resistant to dirt, or those that are more appropriate to wear in the heat, or those that will help us to remain unnoticed when we are not in the mood ...

When writing a letter or creating a poster, it is important that the font color stand out against the background color. As much as we would like to write in light pink on white, black on orange shows up much better. Moreover, this is one of the most contrasting combinations.

5 Use colors to

If you're studying for an exam and can't remember, say, a list or checklist, try associating each item with a specific color. Mnemotechnical techniques increase our learning ability. The same method works if you need to make a presentation. Use color to highlight the most important and associate each color with a specific meaning.

6 Be Consistent

If you have your own business or are just thinking about it, think carefully about what message you want to convey to your customers. Once you've completed your analysis, determine what your brand needs to do to achieve those goals. It is important that all divisions of the company act in a single corporate style. Choosing the right designer to develop a brand that can take into account all these aspects can be a key condition for the successful launch or development of a business.

Thank you for reading this article. Do you now think about what colors surround you most in everyday life and why? Do you use advice? As always, we will be grateful for questions and comments on the article.

Translation by Anna Inozemtseva