Borders of Central Asia on the map. Asia map in Russian

1. General characteristics, a brief history of foreign Asia

Foreign Asia is the largest in terms of population (more than 4 billion people) and the second (after Africa) in terms of area region of the world, and it retains this primacy, in essence, throughout the entire existence of human civilization. The area of foreign Asia is 27 million square meters. km, it includes more than 40 sovereign states. Many of them are among the oldest in the world. Foreign Asia is one of the origins of mankind, the birthplace of agriculture, artificial irrigation, cities, many cultural values and scientific achievements. The region mainly consists of developing countries.

2. Diversity of foreign Asian countries by area

The region includes countries of different sizes: two of them are giant countries (China, India), there are very large ones (Mongolia, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Indonesia), the rest are mainly classified as rather large countries. The boundaries between them pass along well-defined natural boundaries.

Peculiarities of the EGP of Asian countries:

Neighborhood position.
Maritime position.
Deep position of some countries.

The first two features have a beneficial effect on their economy, and the third complicates external economic relations.

3. Diversity of countries of foreign Asia by population

Largest countries in Asia by population (2012)
(according to CIA)

4. Diversity of countries of foreign Asia by geographical location

Asian countries by geographic location:

Maritime (India, Pakistan, Iran, Israel, etc.).
Island (Bahrain, Cyprus, Sri Lanka, etc.).
Archipelagos (Indonesia, Philippines, Japan, Maldives).
Inland (Laos, Mongolia, Afghanistan, Nepal, Bhutan, etc.).
Peninsular (Republic of Korea, Qatar, Oman, etc.).

5. Diversity of foreign Asian countries by level of development

The political structure of countries is very diverse.
Monarchies of overseas Asia (according to wikipedia.org):











	Saudi Arabia

All other countries are republics.
Developed Asian countries: Japan, Israel, Republic of Korea, Singapore.
All other countries in the region are developing countries.
The least developed countries in Asia: Afghanistan, Yemen, Bangladesh, Nepal, Laos, etc.
China, Japan, India have the largest volume of GDP, per capita - Qatar, Singapore, UAE, Kuwait.

6. Forms of government and structure of the countries of foreign Asia

By the nature of the administrative-territorial structure, most Asian countries have a unitary structure. The following countries have a federal administrative-territorial structure: India, Malaysia, Pakistan, UAE, Nepal, Iraq.

7. Regions of foreign Asia

Regions of Asia:

Southwestern.
South.
Southeast.
Eastern.
Central.

Natural resources of foreign Asia

1. Introduction

The provision of foreign Asia with resources is determined, first of all, by the variety of relief, location, nature and climate.

The area is extremely homogeneous in terms of tectonic structure and topography: within its boundaries, the greatest amplitude of heights on earth (more than 9000 m) is noted, both ancient Precambrian platforms and areas of young Cenozoic folding, grandiose mountainous countries and vast plains are located here. As a result, the mineral resources of foreign Asia are very diverse.

2. Mineral resources of foreign Asia

The main pools of coal, iron and manganese ores, and non-metallic minerals are concentrated within the Chinese and Hindustan platforms. Within the Alpine-Himalayan and Pacific fold belts, ores predominate, including a copper belt along the Pacific coast. But the main wealth of the region, which also determines its role in the international geographical division of labor, is oil and gas. Oil and gas reserves have been explored in most countries of Southwest Asia (Mesopotamian trough of the earth's crust). The main deposits are located in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates. In addition, large oil and gas fields have been explored in the countries of the Malay Archipelago. Indonesia and Malaysia stand out especially in terms of reserves. The countries of Central Asia are also rich in oil and gas (Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan).

The largest salt reserves are in the Dead Sea. There are large reserves of sulfur and non-ferrous metals in the Iranian Highlands. In general, Asia is one of the main regions of the world in terms of mineral reserves.

Countries with the largest reserves and diversity of minerals:

China.
India.
Indonesia.
Iran.
Kazakhstan.
Turkey.
Saudi Arabia.

3. Land, agro-climatic resources of foreign Asia

The agro-climatic resources of Asia are heterogeneous. Vast massifs of mountainous countries, deserts and semi-deserts are hardly suitable for economic activity, with the exception of animal husbandry; the provision of arable land is low and continues to decline (as the population grows and soil erosion increases). But on the plains of the east and south, quite favorable conditions for agriculture are created. Asia contains 70% of the world's irrigated land.

4. Water resources (moisture resources), agroclimatic resources

The countries of East and Southeast Asia, as well as some regions of South Asia, have the largest reserves of water resources. At the same time, water resources are sorely lacking in the countries of the Persian Gulf.

In terms of general indicators, China, India, and Indonesia are provided with soil resources to the greatest extent.
The largest reserves of forest resources: Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, China, India.

Population of Foreign Asia

The population of Asia exceeds 4 billion people. Many countries in the region are at the stage of "population explosion".

2. Birth and death rates (population reproduction)

All countries in the region, with the exception of Japan and some countries in transition, belong to the traditional type of population reproduction. However, many of them are in a state of population explosion. Some countries are fighting this phenomenon by pursuing a demographic policy (India, China), but most countries do not pursue such a policy, rapid population growth and its rejuvenation continue. At the current rate of population growth, the countries of foreign Asia are experiencing food, social and other difficulties. Among sub-regions of Asia, East Asia is the furthest away from the peak of the population explosion. Currently, the highest population growth rates are typical for the countries of Southwest Asia. For example, in Yemen, on average, there are almost 5 children per woman.

3. National composition

The ethnic composition of the Asian population is also extremely complex: more than 1,000 peoples live here - from small ethnic groups numbering several hundred people to the largest peoples in the world.

The largest peoples of foreign Asia in terms of population (more than 100 million people):

Chinese.
Hindustanis.
Bengalis.
Japanese.

The peoples of foreign Asia belong to about 15 language families. There is no such linguistic diversity in any other large region of the planet.
The largest language families of foreign Asia by population:

Sino-Tibetan.
Indo-European.
Austronesian.
Dravidian.
Austroasiatic.

The most complex countries in ethnolinguistic terms: India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia. India and Indonesia are considered the most multinational countries in the world. In East and Southwest Asia, with the exception of Iran and Afghanistan, a more homogeneous national composition is characteristic. The complex composition of the population in many parts of the region leads to acute ethnic conflicts.

4. Religious composition

Foreign Asia is the birthplace of all major religions, all three world religions were born here: Christianity, Buddhism, Islam.
Christianity: Philippines, Georgia, Armenia, a significant proportion of Christians in Kazakhstan, Japan, Lebanon.
Buddhism: Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Myanmar, Bhutan, Mongolia.
Islam: Southwest Asia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Bangladesh.
Among other national religions it is necessary to note Confucianism (China), Taoism, Shintoism. In many countries, interethnic contradictions are based precisely on religious grounds.

Presentation for the lesson:

!? Exercise.

Russian border.
Sub-regions of Foreign Asia.
Republics and monarchies.

Central Asia from A to Z: population, countries, cities and resorts. Map of Central Asia, photo and video. Descriptions and opinions of tourists.

Tours for May all over the world
Hot tours all over the world

Arid, precious and generous, Central Asia is the closest region of the "exotic" abroad to us. Any Russian can pronounce the list of its countries without hesitation, because the Central Asian republics are well known to us from the recent socialist past. Since the times of the USSR, the states of Central Asia have changed for the better (from a tourist point of view) side: today there are a lot of hotels, good restaurants, thoughtful leisure - and all this is quite inexpensive. As for the objects of interest for tourists, there are still more than enough of them in the region: cities of the Great Silk Road with their mosques, mausoleums, observatories and palaces, magnificent natural landscapes - which is worth at least the piercing blue Issyk-Kul or the snow-capped peaks of the Pamir, zones with hot sulfur springs, ruins of powerful kingdoms of the past and much more. The region has opportunities for high-quality health, interesting sightseeing and rich sports tourism, and there are even a couple of beach resorts here!

Journey through Central Asia

So, what is it, close, but unexplored Central Asia? First, let's talk about the weather. A distinctive feature of the Central Asian countries is the aridity of the climate (memorable to us from the epic with the Aral Sea): summers here are truly fire-breathing, and there is very little rain, so tourism in the hot season is largely a test of endurance. At the same time, snow lies on the mountain peaks of the Pamirs and Tien Shan all year round, which attracts climbers and "understanding" skiers to the region - those who want to enjoy excellent snow cover and not go broke on accommodation and ski passes.

Next, you should definitely say a few words about the local culture. The way of life of the Central Asian peoples is based on hospitality and cordiality to the wanderer - who, if not nomads, knows the value of a welcome haven in the midst of harsh nature. So you will have to eat here often and in large quantities, and God forbid to refuse a meal - the owners will be terribly offended. The advantages of local cuisines are so great that you can talk about them for hours: delicious meat, a variety of dairy products, traditional "oven" bread, rich soups, honey fruits...

And here you can, without fear, stay for the night in the most primitive hotels and private houses - the owners will break into a cake, if only the traveler was happy. A pleasant bonus of Central Asian trips is the absence of a language barrier: everyone, young and old, speaks Russian, and in general the attitude towards Russia in Central Asia is traditionally warm.

Among other things, bureaucratic red tape has been reduced to a minimum: of all the countries of Central Asia, only Turkmenistan will have to obtain a visa (I would like to believe that this unfortunate omission will be corrected soon), the states are connected by stable air traffic, and the flight time does not exceed 4 hours.

As for authentic shopping, we recommend paying attention to Central Asian wool (camel, yak and sheep), which is used to make wardrobe items, accessories and carpets, traditional silver jewelry, wood products with intricate carvings, sweets and, for those who walk on everything, Akhal-Teke horses.

The rapidly developing region occupies 30% of the entire earth's land, which is 43 million km². It extends from the Pacific Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea, from the tropics to the North Pole. It has a very interesting history, rich past and unique traditions. More than half (60%) of the world's population lives here - 4 billion people! What Asia looks like on the world map can be seen below.

All Asian countries on the maps

Asia world map:

Political map of overseas Asia:

Physical map of Asia:

Countries and capitals of Asia:

List of Asian countries and their capitals

A map of Asia with countries gives a clear idea of their location. The list below is the capitals of Asian countries:

Azerbaijan, Baku.
Armenia - Yerevan.
Afghanistan - Kabul.
Bangladesh - Dhaka.
Bahrain - Manama.
Brunei - Bandar Seri Begawan.
Bhutan - Thimphu.
East Timor - Dili.
Vietnam - .
Hong Kong - Hong Kong.
Georgia, Tbilisi.
Israel - .
- Jakarta.
Jordan - Amman.
Iraq - Baghdad.
Iran - Tehran.
Yemen - Sana'a.
Kazakhstan, Astana.
Cambodia - Phnom Penh.
Qatar - Doha.
- Nicosia.
Kyrgyzstan - Bishkek.
China - Beijing.
North Korea - Pyongyang.
Kuwait - El Kuwait.
Laos - Vientiane.
Lebanon - Beirut.
Malaysia - .
- Male.
Mongolia - Ulaanbaatar.
Myanmar - Yangon.
Nepal - Kathmandu.
United Arab Emirates - .
Oman - Muscat.
Pakistan - Islamabad.
Saudi Arabia - Riyadh.
- Singapore.
Syria - Damascus.
Tajikistan - Dushanbe.
Thailand - .
Turkmenistan - Ashgabat.
Turkey - Ankara.
- Tashkent.
Philippines - Manila.
- Colombo.
– Seoul.
- Tokyo.

In addition, there are partially recognized countries, for example, Taiwan separated from China with the capital Taipei.

Attractions of the Asian region

The name is of Assyrian origin and means "sunrise" or "east", which is not surprising. Part of the world is distinguished by rich relief, mountains and peaks, including the highest peak in the world - Everest (Chomolungma), which is part of the Himalayas. All natural zones and landscapes are represented here; on its territory there is the deepest lake in the world -. The countries of foreign Asia in recent years have been confidently leading in terms of the number of tourists. Traditions mysterious and incomprehensible to Europeans, religious buildings, the interweaving of ancient culture with the latest technologies attract inquisitive travelers. Not to list all the iconic sights of this region, you can only try to highlight the most famous.

Taj Mahal (India, Agra)

A romantic monument, a symbol of eternal love and a magnificent building, in front of which people freeze in a daze, is the Taj Mahal Palace, listed as one of the new seven wonders of the world. The mosque was erected by a descendant of Tamerlane Shah Jahan in memory of his deceased wife, who died in childbirth, giving birth to the 14th child. Taj Mahal is recognized as the best example of the Great Mughals, including Arabic, Persian and Indian architectural styles. The walls of the building are made of translucent marble and inlaid with gems. Depending on the light, the stone changes color, becoming pink at dawn, silvery at dusk, and dazzling white at noon.

Mount Fuji (Japan)

This is a landmark place for Buddhists who practice Sintaism. The height of Fujiyama is 3776 m, in fact, it is a dormant volcano, which should not wake up in the coming decades. It is recognized as the most beautiful in the world. Tourist routes are laid on the mountain, operating only in summer, since most of Fujiyama is covered with eternal snow. The mountain itself and the 5 Lakes of Fuji area around it are part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park.

The largest architectural ensemble of the world stretches across Northern China for 8860 km (including branches). The construction of the Wall went on in the 3rd century BC. and had the goal of protecting the country from the Xiongnu conquerors. The construction dragged on for a decade, about a million Chinese worked on it and thousands died from exhausting labor in inhuman conditions. All this served as a pretext for the uprising and the overthrow of the Qin dynasty. The wall is extremely organically inscribed in the landscape; it repeats all the curves of the spurs and depressions, encircling the mountain range.

Borobudur Temple (Indonesia, Java)

Among the rice plantations of the island rises an ancient giant structure in the form of a pyramid - the largest and most revered Buddhist temple in the world 34 m high. Steps and terraces surrounding it lead upstairs. From the point of view of Buddhism, Borobudur is nothing more than a model of the universe. Its 8 tiers mark 8 steps to enlightenment: the first is the world of sensual pleasures, the next three are the world of yogic trance that has risen above base lust. Rising higher, the soul is cleansed of all vain things and gains immortality in the heavenly sphere. The upper step represents nirvana - a state of eternal bliss and peace.

Buddha Golden Stone (Myanmar)

A Buddhist shrine flaunts on Mount Chaittiyo (Mon State). It can be shaken by hands, but no forces can throw it off its pedestal, for 2500 years the elements have not brought down a stone. In fact, it is a granite block covered with gold leaf, and its top is crowned by a Buddhist temple. Until now, the riddle has not been solved - who dragged him up the mountain, how, for what purpose and how he has been balancing on the edge for centuries. Buddhists themselves claim that the stone is held on the rock by the hair of the Buddha, immured in the temple.

Asia is a fertile land for laying new routes, knowing oneself and one's destiny. You need to go here meaningfully, tuning in to thoughtful contemplation. Perhaps you will discover yourself from a new side and find answers to many questions. When visiting Asian countries, you can make a list of sights and shrines yourself.

Asia map

Detailed map of Asia in Russian. Examine the map of Asia from a satellite. Zoom in and see the streets, houses and sights on the map of Asia.

Asia- the largest part of the world on the planet. It stretches from the Mediterranean coast of the Middle East to the far shores of the Pacific Ocean, including China, Korea, Japan, India. Humid hot regions in southern Asia are separated from the cooler ones by a giant mountain range - the Himalayas.

Together with Europe, Asia forms a continent Eurasia. The dividing border between Asia and Europe runs through the Ural Mountains. Asia is washed by the waters of the rhinestone of three oceans: the Pacific, the Arctic and the Indian. Also, many regions of Asia have access to the seas of the Atlantic Ocean. 54 states are located on the territory of this part of the world.

The highest mountain peak on Earth is Chomolungma (Everest). Its height above sea level is 8848 meters. This peak is part of the Himalayas - a mountain range that separates Nepal and China.

Asia is a very long part of the world, so the climate in Asian countries is different and differs depending on the landscape and topography. In Asia, there are states with both subarctic and equatorial climatic zones. In the south of Asia, powerful winds - monsoons - blow from the sea. Air masses saturated with moisture bring heavy rains with them.

Located in Central Asia gobi desert which is called cold. Its lifeless, windswept expanses are covered with stone debris and sand. Orangutans, the only large monkeys living in Asia, live in the tropical rainforests of Sumatra. This species is now under threat of extinction.

Asia- it is also the most densely populated part of the world, because more than 60% of the world's inhabitants live there. The largest population in three Asian countries - India, Japan and China. However, there are also regions that are completely deserted.

Asia- this is the cradle of civilization of the entire planet, since Asia is home to the most ethnic groups and peoples. Each of the Asian countries is distinctive in its own way, having its own traditions. Most of them live along the banks of rivers and oceans and are engaged in fishing and agriculture. Today, many peasants are moving from the countryside to the cities, which are growing rapidly.

About 2/3 of the world's rice is grown in just two countries - China and India. Rice fields where young shoots are planted are covered with water.

The Ganges River in India is the busiest trading place with numerous "floating markets". Hindus consider this river sacred and make mass pilgrimages to its banks.

The streets of Chinese cities are filled with cyclists. Bicycle is the most popular mode of transport in China. Almost all tea in the world is grown in Asia. Tea plantations are processed by hand, only young leaves are plucked, which are dried. Asia is the birthplace of such religions as Buddhism, Hinduism and Islam. There is a giant Buddha statue in Thailand.