Famous people of the Krasnodar Territory

People who have achieved success in any activity often glorify not only themselves, but also their homeland. Sometimes the birthplace of one of the most prominent personalities is renamed in their honor. For example, this was the case with the writer Gorky. Even during the life of the great Alexei Maksimovich, not only his native city was named after him, but also several streets, institutions, and monuments were erected. Yes, a person's activity can glorify his homeland, and this glory can be both positive and negative. What celebrities come from the Krasnodar Territory?

Famous people

Vorzhev, Sergey Dmitrievich - a famous artist, originally from the Kuban, where he was born on February 21, 1950, the village of Varenikovskaya. One of the few artists with a truly higher art education. In 1972 he graduated from the State University in his native Kuban, by 1983 he was admitted to the Union of Artists from Russia, a few years later he was already a board member in the regional organization of the same Union of Artists, and later received the title of Honored Artist.

Now he has his own painting school, where Sergey Vorzhev is constantly looking for new talents and teaches children himself. He is famous for his patriotism, in drawing he likes to depict the rural landscape, ethnic surrealism. The artist reflects on the canvases the life of his own land, its way of life, the beauty of the Kuban nature, the subtleties of local customs. pays attention to history. Vorzhev's paintings have their own soul, they cannot be confused with the works of other masters.

Arkhangelsky, Mikhail - also a Kuban artist, is a member of the Union of Artists of his native land. True, he was born in Krasnodar in 1937, and died in 2006. In 1958, after the army, he immediately entered the Krasnodar School for Artists, graduated by 1963. The first working years of a creative person turned out to be the most ordinary - he worked as a painter and a simple worker.

In 1965 he moved to Leningrad, became a volunteer at the Leningrad Institute, also dedicated to painting. Having gained new knowledge and gained experience, he returned to his native Krasnodar as an accomplished artist. In 1968 he participated in a major exhibition, where the painting "Fresh Wind" became a new discovery for masters of painting and critics. The artist achieved success thanks not only to his talent, but also to his exceptional capacity for work, determination and self-confidence. Mikhail Arkhangelsky had many more exhibitions in different cities - and, and Krasnodar, and Moscow, even other countries - Germany, Greece, then Bulgaria. He is a bright participant in many festivals.

Outstanding personalities in the history of the Kuban

In early July 1788, G. A. Potemkin issued a decree on the appointment of a new ataman: “By courage and zeal for order and at the request of the army of faithful Cossacks, Khariton (that is, Zakhary) Chepega is determined by the ataman. I announce this to the whole army, I order it to be properly honored and obeyed. As a sign of respect, the field marshal presented Chepega with an expensive saber. Chepega Zakhary Alekseevich

Anton Andreevich Golovaty Cossack ataman, military judge, one of the founders of the Black Sea Cossack Host

His life is a feat. A feat in the name of the prosperity of our region, our Motherland. Zass Grigory Khristoforovich

Lazarev Mikhail Petrovich Russian naval commander and navigator, admiral (1843), holder of the Order of St. George IV class for long service (1817) and discoverer of Antarctica.

Hero of the Soviet Union, full Knight of St. George, squadron commander, captain of the guard. Konstantin Iosifovich Nedorubov

Pokryshkin Alexander Ivanovich Air Marshal. Three times Hero of the Soviet Union. During the war, he commanded the 16th aviation regiment, whose headquarters was in Art. Kalininskaya.

Shcherbina Fedor Andreevich Founder of Russian budget statistics, local historian. Born in the village of Novoderevyankovskaya. Author of "History of the Kuban Army".

Felitsyn Evgeny Dmitrievich Historian. Compiled maps of Yekaterinodar and Novorossiysk, historical maps of Temryuk.

Kropotkin Petr Alekseevich Geographer, geologist, author of works on the theory of anarchism

Lukyanenko Pavel Panteleimonovich Scientist - breeder. Developed new varieties of wheat. Before the war, he worked at St. Korenovskaya.

Pustovoit Vasily Stepanovich Scientist - breeder. Brought new varieties of sunflower.

Meyerhold Vsevolod Emilievich Director, actor, teacher. He worked in Novorossiysk, organized several theater groups.

Ponomarenko Grigory Fedorovich Composer. Lived and worked in Krasnodar. Author of more than 200 songs about the Kuban land.

Klepikov Mikhail Ivanovich Innovator of agricultural production. Lived and worked in Ust-Labinsk.

Zapashny Mstislav Mikhailovich Circus performer, director and former leader of the Sochi circus.

Kuzovlev Anatoly Tikhonovich Organizer of agricultural production. For 30 years, he headed one of the largest joint-stock agro-industrial enterprises of the Kuban "Kolos".

Born in st. Starotitarovskaya April 23, 1920 in a Cossack family. He went to the front voluntarily. For courage and heroism, he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and for selfless work in the Kuban fields he received the Star of the Hero of Socialist Labor. For many years he was the director of the state farm "Azov". The bronze bust of the Hero is installed in Art. Starotitarovskaya. Golovchenko Vasily Ivanovich

Kramnik Vladimir Borisovich Chess player. International Grandmaster. Born in Tuapse.

Kafelnikov Evgeny Aleksandrovich Tennis player. Born in C Ochi. Won the Open Championships of France, Australia.

A house by the sea, on the edge of Russia, Where, perhaps, you have never been, Lives a simple, truly beautiful, A little shy person. He knows life firsthand. He was holding an enemy projectile in his hands. And I read about the war not just in a book. More than once he went to battle attire. And he was always at the forefront, He was under a hail of bullets here and there ... As if playing tough games, The villain - death was chasing on his heels. But those years of hard times have passed. And the terrible monster sped away. And, perhaps, years, centuries will pass, But do not forget the Danube and the terrible battle ...

79 years ago, the Central Executive Committee of the USSR adopted a Resolution on the division of the Azov-Chernomorsky Territory into the Krasnodar Territory and the Rostov Region. Since then, neighboring regions have been constantly competing, who is cooler, who is richer, where there are more famous people from and where it is better to go to live.

In the last 10-20 years, the Krasnodar Territory has been an undoubted leader. This can be seen from the statistics: the population is growing exponentially (according to the results of the last census, Krasnodar residents alone increased by almost 250 thousand people). It is clear that climatic, economic and social conditions contribute to this. If the first is a natural gift, then the second is the merit of people.

Wheat of the Kuban breeder

Thanks to scientific inventions, we eat, drink, heal, communicate, move faster than a horse and much more. And in this area, the Krasnodar Territory has something to be proud of. For example, she was born in the Kuban, lives and works Lyudmila Bespalova, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the creator of more than a hundred varieties of wheat. In any bun, long loaf or other bakery product, there is a piece of work of a well-known breeder, since in our region, which breaks yield records every year, more than 90% of the area is sown with wheat of Bespalova's selection.

The territory of the Kuban was formed from part of the territories occupied before the revolution by the Kuban region and the Black Sea province. At the III Extraordinary Congress of Soviets on May 30, 1918, a decision was made to merge the Kuban and Black Sea republics into a single Kuban-Black Sea Soviet socialist republic. From March 1920 it became a region. In February 1924, the Kuban-Chernomorsk region became part of the vast North Caucasus region with its center in Rostov-on-Don. In January 1934, two regions were created from this region: Azov-Chernomorsky (center - Rostov-on-Don) and North Caucasus (center - Pyatigorsk). On September 13, 1937, the Azov-Chernomorsky Territory was divided into the Rostov Region and the Krasnodar Territory.

“Now there are 7 billion of us on Earth,” the academician said in an interview with AiF-South. - By 2050, 9 billion are expected. About 40 years ago, the potential of our planet was estimated at 10 billion people. Now they say that the Earth can withstand even 30 billion. But everyone needs to be fed. And wheat is the crop that provides humanity with the most calories.”

Over the past forty years, the yield of wheat in the region, largely due to the work of Lyudmila Bespalova, has grown by 50 centners per hectare.

Vladimir Babeshko, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, is known worldwide for its research in the field of seismology. And although no one on the planet has yet learned to predict where and, most importantly, when tectonic plates will move, Babeshko's unique methods allow us to count on it soon.

“Soon we will be able to predict the time, place and intensity of an earthquake,” the academician says. - Now we have come to this as close as possible. Do you know why we moved forward with seismic development? Because the country has set a grandiose task - to hold the Sochi Olympics. And the obligation to ensure seismic safety fell on us. I went to Vancouver, met with seismologists, watched how they worked during the Olympics. And as a result, we made our system 3-4 times more powerful - the Canadians themselves admit that there was no such level of seismic safety in any country. Yes, the Olympics is not a nuclear project that greatly advanced Soviet science, but during the preparations for it, we created breakthrough things that no one in the West can do.”

Young people do not lag behind the old guard: last year, the development of Igor Ryadchikov, Head of the Laboratory of Robotics and Mechatronics of KubSU. Together with colleagues, the young scientist created a universal chassis for robots, thanks to which the mechanism can move in any environment, open doors, climb stairs, overcome thresholds and obstacles.

“We looked at similar developments of our colleagues, understood how we could improve and improve them, wrote a new mathematical model and created our own sample,” says Igor Ryadchikov. - The result is a breakthrough technology in the field of moving mobile devices. There has never been one like it before, and no one has yet.”

The development interested many companies, was among the discoveries of the international robotics exhibition Innorobo and should enter the market next year.

Our "Golden"

There have always been enough talented athletes in the region: if you look deeper into history, the first thing to remember is the world famous strongman Ivan Poddubny. And in order not to go far, it is enough to recall the winners of the recent Olympics: judoka Beslan Mudranov, tennis player Elena Vesnina, boxer Evgeny Tishchenko, handball coach Evgeny Trefilov and his wards.

Unfortunately, it was not possible to bring medals to the Kuban trampolines from the current Games, but this sport has been and remains the hallmark of the Krasnodar Territory. Much of this merit Vitaly Dubko - Honored Coach, the world's best trampolining mentor of the 20th century. This year Vitaly Fedorovich turned 80 years old, but he continues to work, giving his best, as at the very beginning of his journey.

In 1965, Dubko, a young school physical education teacher, was called to judge the country's first Trampolining Cup. And the former acrobat liked this sport so much that he returned to Krasnodar and began to train. And in 1976, everyone learned about the Krasnodar trampoline: at the World Championships in American Tulsa, Soviet trampolineists won all six gold medals, three of which were brought to Krasnodar by the pupils of Vitaly Dubko Evgeny Yanes and Evgeny Yakovenko. It was then that the famous joke was born, they say, Pashkovka beat America.

In 2000, trampolining made it to the Olympics for the first time, and Dubko's students Irina Karavaeva and Alexander Moskalenko Then they became the first Olympians.

“For the sake of justice, now the trampoline is different: the score is no longer in hundredths, but in thousandths of points,” says Irina Karavaeva. - No one knows if there had been such competition 15-20 years ago, we would have won so many medals. In general, both I and Alexander Moskalenko, perhaps, are a consequence of the Soviet training system. Our coach Vitaly Fedorovich Dubko spent the day and night in the gym. We were the last "products" of the Soviet system, and then a long-term gap formed. Yes, recently something has appeared again, but the failure is felt - time has been lost. A whole generation of coaches - my peers, who could lead to victories - went around the world. One trains the US national team, the second - Australia, the third has completely left the trampoline. And we, as before, demand only gold medals from athletes. But we need to lower our ambitions a little, admit that we have lost a lot, and work, work, work.”

Alexander Moskalenko 16 years ago did a real feat. Recall that in 1998 Moskalenko - the holder of the Guinness record for the number of victories at the world championships - left big sport and went into business. But when the trampoline appeared in the Olympic program, he decided to return, because there was no victory at the Olympics in the huge list of Moskalenko's achievements. The athlete lost 25 kg, got back in shape, went to Sydney and won.

Writer Vladimir Runov:

- We have a lot of people to be proud of, but modern media create their own "heroes" - on the news feeds there are notes about thieves in law. From all sides they trumpet about the life of pop artists, with a stream of negativity, like sandpaper, erasing our memory. And the people who created, built, protected - they are here, they walk next to us. Scientist Ivan Trubilin, who built a huge university, breeder Pavel Lukyanenko, after whom the research institute is named, foreman Mikhail Klepikov, two-time Hero of Socialist Labor, builder Mikhail Lantodub, cosmonaut Anatoly Berezovoy. And this is only a small part - those whose names immediately came to mind. Hero of the Soviet Union Anatoly Berezovoy set a record in space, met with Andropov and died on the same day as Zhanna Friske. Three years have passed: the division of Friske's inheritance is still being discussed on all channels, but no one is talking about Berezov. People simply don’t have a sense of real values ​​in their heads - it’s as if they are deliberately erasing it.

“I thought for a long time whether to return or not, because I had to turn my life upside down,” recalls Moskalenko. - At first I just wanted to try. When it began to turn out to fight with weight, recover, pump, feel the body - only then did the understanding appear that, in principle, it was possible to fight. The father’s words turned out to be decisive: “If you had a chance, and you didn’t even try, you will reproach yourself all your life. If you tried and lost, neither you yourself nor anyone else will be able to make a claim against you.

"The Last of the Mohicans" of village prose

Viktor Likhonosov not in vain is he called a living classic of Russian literature: the author of Our Little Paris is, indeed, the “last of the Mohicans” of Russian rural prose.

“Everything that he wrote was written freshly, musically, very accurately,” said the famous Yuri Kazakov. “And everything is imbued with a sharp, even some kind of enthusiastic-sad love for a person.”

Now Likhonosov is finishing another book, Lonely Evenings in Peresyp, which he defines as “prosaic memories”. And her lines are filled with quiet sadness, regret for the Russia that we have lost. So what did the country lose in the bloody twentieth century?

“We have lost the continuity of historical life,” says Viktor Likhonosov. - There are states in the world in which history, way of life, and traditions are continuously transmitted from forefathers, grandfathers, fathers to children. For us, all this was interrupted in the seventeenth year. Then there was a terrible breakdown, when what we had professed for centuries, the new government ordered to destroy.

dream land

“September 13 marks the beginning of the anniversary year. Our region has been developing for 80 years - both the economy and the socio-political spheres. Now it's hard to believe that the Kuban was once a marginal region that relied solely on agriculture, - says Valery Kasyanov, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head. Department of History of Russia, KubSU. - The region had many hardships and hardships: repression of the Cossacks, collectivization, famine. The Cossacks after 1937 practically ceased to exist, and the rest could not declare themselves out loud. The time was like this. All this led to the fact that before the Great Patriotic War the composition of the population changed significantly. It was not easy for the Kuban during the war years either: it was here that the fiercest air battles, the battle for Novorossiysk, took place.

After the war, the region began to recover. And it happened pretty quickly. Do you know why? In Soviet times, industry and the working class formed the basis for the development of the state. No offense to them, but it should be noted that in the Kuban lived mostly peasants who worked from dawn to dusk. People-workers, truly devoted to their land. It is clear that the agricultural sector has developed. But at the same time, the formation of the resort industry began.

Gradually, the Krasnodar Territory turned into a desirable region, a dream land. People wanted not just to come and relax, but to move and live. Today, almost 6 million inhabitants live in the region, and we are not far behind Moscow and the Moscow region in this indicator.

We have always competed with the Rostov region. Although once both we and they were part of the single Azov-Black Sea Territory. So Rostov-on-Don has always been considered the capital, the gateway to the south. It was a million-plus city with a well-developed industry, with higher wages and jobs. For a very long time, many Kubans sought to go there to study, work and live. But things have changed drastically in the last 25 years. They leave from there, and come to us to work and study. In 3-4 years, Krasnodar will officially become a million-plus city. And I'm not talking about other neighboring regions, they are not even on a par with our region.

Of course, a qualitative breakthrough occurred during the preparation for the Olympics. Investments poured into the region, and everyone wanted to become involved in this event. The second wind in the development of the region was given by the construction of the Kerch bridge.

The prospect for the Krasnodar Territory is clear: for several years there will be no region equal to the Kuban in the Southern Federal District. But it is not enough to be satisfied with the achieved results. We need to preserve them and, of course, look for new unique projects that will help the region continue to flourish and develop.”

Purpose of the event:

To form the idea of ​​students about the glorious Kuban people - the inhabitants of Kuban - as the main wealth of the entire Krasnodar Territory;

- to prove on the examples of the life of famous residents that "heroic people live in the Kuban";

- to develop feelings of patriotism on the examples of heroism and dedication of the famous representatives of the region.

Konstantin Obraztsov

Ophthalmologist, a regional hospital in Krasnodar is named after him

Ochapovsky Stanislav Vladimirovich

Kuban professor, microbiologist

Ivan Grigorievich SAVCHENKO

Kuban poet

Vitaly Bakaldin

16 .06.27 - 30 .12.09

24 .11.1848 – 12.04.1918

Archaeologist

Nikolai Ivanovich Veselovsky

24 .11.1848 – 12.04.1918

Head of the State Kuban Cossack Choir

Zakharchenko Viktor Gavrilovich

Artistic director of the State Academic Kuban Cossack Choir, General Director of the State National Technical University "Kuban Cossack Choir", professor, composer. Member of the Council for Culture and Art under the President of the Russian Federation.

1. The author of the words of the anthem of the Krasnodar Territory "You, Kuban, you are our Motherland." 2. An outstanding ophthalmologist, a regional hospital in the city of Krasnodar is named after him, in the courtyard of which a monument to the scientist is erected. 3. Famous Kuban poet, author of the poem "I did not grow up among birches." 4. A well-known archaeologist who unearthed the famous Maykop barrow. 5. Scientist, breeder who created high-oil varieties of sunflower. 6. Head of the State Kuban Cossack Choir. 7. The largest state museum in the North Caucasus is named after him - a reserve of federal significance. 8. A well-known poet in the city of Goryachiy Klyuch, a resident of the village of Saratovskaya.

Mikhail Pavlovich Babych

Mikhail Pavlovich Babych, the son of one of the valiant conquering officers of the Western Caucasus - Pavel Denisovich Babych, about whose exploits and glory, the people composed songs. All paternal qualities were bestowed on Mikhail, who was born on July 22, 1844 in the ancestral Ekaterinodar house on Bursakovskaya Street, 1 (the corner of Fortress). From a very early age, the boy was prepared for military service.

After successfully graduating from the Mikhailovsky Voronezh Cadet Corps and the Caucasian Training Company, young Babych began to gradually move up the military career ladder and receive military orders. In 1889 he was already a colonel. On February 3, 1908, a decree was issued appointing him, already in the rank of lieutenant general, as the chief ataman of the Kuban Cossack army. With a hard hand and harsh measures, he restores order in Yekaterinodar, where at that time the revolutionary terrorists were rampant. Under the constant threat of death, Babych fulfilled his responsible duty and strengthened the economy and morality in the Kuban. In a short time, he did a lot of general cultural, good deeds. The Cossacks called the ataman "ridy Batko", since each Cossack personally felt his care, his zeal. The general cultural activity of M. Babych was appreciated not only by the Russian population. He was deeply respected by other nationalities living in the Kuban. It was only thanks to his care and efforts that the construction of the Black Sea-Kuban railway began, and the attack on the Kuban floodplains began.

On March 16, 1917, the official newspaper reported for the last time about the former Ataman Mikhail Pavlovich Babych. In August 1918, he was brutally murdered by the Bolsheviks in Pyatigorsk. The body of the long-suffering general was buried in the tomb of the Catherine's Cathedral.

The memory of the great patriot and guardian of the Kuban land MP Babych, the last Chieftain, is alive in the hearts of the Russian people. On August 4, 1994, at the place where Ataman's ancestral home stood, a memorial plaque (work by A. Apollonov) was opened by the Cultural Fund of the Kuban Cossacks, which perpetuated his memory.

If you want to know more about the life of our wonderful countryman, read these books:

Avanesova M. The first ataman from the hereditary Kuban Cossacks / M. Avanesova // Krasnodar news. - 2009. - July 22. – p. 4

Bardadym V. Mikhail Pavlovich Babych / V. Bardadym // Guardians of the Kuban land / V. Bardadym. – Ed. 2nd, add. – Krasnodar: “Owls. Kuban", 1998. - S. 110-118.

Mazein V. A. Atamans of the Black Sea, Caucasian linear and Kuban Cossack troops / V. A. Mazein, A. A. Roshchin, S. G. Temirov // Kuban local historian 3 / comp. G. G. Shulyakova; thin M. V. Tarashchuk. - Krasnodar: Prince. publishing house, 1992. - S. 106-107.

Mirny I. Babych (Babich) Mikhail Pavlovich (1844-1918) / I. Mirny // Name in history, history in name: the streets of Krasnodar are named after them / I. Mirny. - Pyatigorsk: Kartinform, 2004. - S. 45-46

Ushakov A. Ataman Babych knew no compromises / A. Ushakov // Krasnodar news. - 2008. - August 8. – S. 2.

Alexey Danilovich Bezkrovny

Among the hundreds of Russian names shining in the rays of military glory, the name of the valiant Ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army Alexei Danilovich Bezkrovny is attractive with special magnetism. He was born into a wealthy senior officer family. In 1800, fifteen-year-old Aleksey Bezkrovny, brought up in the military traditions of his grandfather, signed up for the Cossacks and left his father's house - Shcherbinovsky kuren.

Already in the first skirmishes with the highlanders, the teenager showed amazing skill and fearlessness.

In 1811, during the formation of the Black Sea Guards Hundred, A. Bezkrovny, an outstanding military officer who possessed extraordinary physical strength, had a penetrating mind and a noble soul, was enrolled in its original composition and honorably carried the title of guard through the entire Patriotic War of 1812 - 1814. For courage and bravery at the Battle of Borodino, Alexei Bezkrovny received the rank of centurion. During the retreat of Kutuzov's army from Mozhaisk to Moscow, the fearless Cossack fought off all attempts of the enemy to break forward for 4 hours. For this feat and other avant-garde military deeds, Bezkrovny was awarded a golden saber with the inscription "For Bravery". The retreating enemy tried to burn the ships with bread, but the guards did not allow the French to destroy the grain. For his valor, Bezkrovny was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th degree with a bow. At the request of Platov, Bezkrovny with the Black Sea hundred was enrolled in his corps. With the light hand of M. I. Kutuzov himself, the Cossacks called him "commander without error."

On April 20, 1818, Alexei Danilovich received the rank of colonel for military merit. In 1821, he returned to his father's land and continues to serve in the detachment of another hero of the Patriotic War, General M. G. Vlasov. In May 1823, he was sent with the 3rd Cavalry Regiment to the border of the Kingdom of Poland, and then to Prussia. From the next campaign, A. D. Bezkrovny returned to Chernomoria only on March 21, 1827. And six months later (September 27), he, as the best and most talented military officer, was appointed by the Highest Will as a military officer, and then as a Chieftain.

In May - June 1828, A. D. Bezkrovny with his detachment participated in the siege of the Turkish fortress of Anapa under the command of Prince A. S. Menshikov. For the victory over the Turks and the fall of the impregnable fortress, A. Bezkrovny was promoted to the rank of major general and awarded the Order of St. George, 4th degree. Then - for new exploits - the second golden saber, decorated with diamonds.

Two traits were especially characteristic of the Bloodless: rare courage in battles and deep humanity in civilian life.

In January 1829, Alexei Danilovich commanded one of the detachments directed against the Shapsugs. In 1930, the Cossack knight again participated in the fight against the abreks, with the famous Kazbich himself, who threatened the Cossack city of Ekaterinodar. In the same year, he built three fortifications outside the Kuban: Ivanovsko-Shebskoye, Georgy-Afipskoye and Alekseevskoye (named after Alexei Bezkrovny himself).

The health of the famous ataman was undermined. His heroic odyssey is over. Appointment of A.D. The bloodless Ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army caused envy in the circle of the tribal Cossack aristocracy. He, the hero of 1812, could fight and defeat the external enemies of the Fatherland. But he could not overcome the envious internal ones. Hounded by enemies, with an unhealed wound in his side, Bloodless lived in isolation in his Ekaterinodar estate. He gave 28 years of service to the Fatherland. Participated in 13 large military campaigns, 100 separate battles - and did not know a single defeat.

Alexei Danilovich died on July 9, 1833, on the day of the holy martyr Theodora, and was buried in the almshouse courtyard, at the first Cossack cemetery located here.

Read about the famous Kuban man of rare courage, penetrating mind and noble soul:

Bardadym V. Heroes of 1812 / V. Bardadym // Military prowess of the Kuban / V. Bardadym. - Krasnodar: "Northern Caucasus", 1993. - S. 48-61.

Vishnevetsky N. Memories of the ataman Aleksey Danilovich Bezkrovny / N. Vishnevetsky // Historical memories / N. Vishnevetsky. - Krasnodar: "Soviet Kuban", 1995. - S. 16-32.

Commander without mistakes // History of the Kuban in stories and illustrations: textbook. 4-5 cells. / Khachaturova E. et al. - Krasnodar: "Prospects for Education", 2002. - P. 43-45.

Mirny I. Bezkrovny Alexey Danilovich (1788-1833) / I. Bezkrovny // Name in history, history in name: the streets of Krasnodar are named after them / I. Mirny. - Pyatigorsk: Kartinform, 2004. -S. 47.

Timofeev G. Cossack, chieftain, general / G. Timofeev // Free Kuban. - 2008. - May 20. – P. 8.

Trekhbratov B. Bezkrovny (Bloodless) / B. Trekhbratov // Schoolchildren's Historical and Local Lore Dictionary / B. Trekhbratov. - Krasnodar: "Tradition", 2007. - P. 39.

Anatoly Nikolaevich Berezovoy

(04/11/1942, Enem settlement, Republic of Adygea)

Hero of the Soviet Union, Vice-President of the Federation of Cosmonautics of Russia, Honorary Citizen of the Kavkazsky District

Kuban is proud of the names of outstanding space explorers. These are N. G. Chernyshev, and Yu. V. Kondratyuk, and G. Ya. Bakhchivandzhi. In the same row with them is the name of the pilot-cosmonaut Anatoly Nikolaevich Berezovy.

In the early 1960s Berezovoi worked at a factory. The flight of Yuri Gagarin turned his whole life upside down. He decides to become an astronaut.

The path to the dream took 12 years. And now - the world's first long-term space flight, which lasted 211 days! The crew of the ship, under the leadership of Berezovoi, carried out astrophysical, medical and biological research, studied the surface of the Earth, and improved the operation of the equipment of orbital stations. Crew members went out into outer space - they repaired the outer surface of the station, put artificial satellites into orbit.

And on earth, Anatoly Nikolayevich prepared cosmonauts for flights, created a space rescue service.

Today Anatoly Nikolaevich Berezovoy is a retired colonel. Lives in Star City near Moscow. He does a lot of social work, collaborates with scientists from the Institute for Monitoring Lands and Ecosystems, works to preserve the Kuban chernozems, often visits us in the Kuban.

ABOUT COSMONAUT ANATOLY BEREZOVOY READ:

Agapova T. Cosmonaut Berezovoy / T. Agapova // Glorious sons of Kuban. Essays on the Kuban - Heroes of the Soviet Union and Russia. Book. 4. - Krasnodar, 1997. - S. 34-36.

Berezovoy A. "A beautiful woman is ... like the Earth from space!" / A. Berezovoy // Kuban news. - 2002. - April 12. – P. 4.

Berezovoy Anatoly Nikolaevich / Glory of the Kuban: a brief biographical guide to Krasnodar. - Krasnodar, 2003. - S. 22–23.

Karmanov V. Earth, I am Birch! : [USSR pilot-cosmonaut A.N. Berezovoy - 60 years old] / V. Karmanov // Free Kuban. - 2002. - April 10. – P. 1–2.

Oboishchikov K. Cosmonaut Berezovoy / Everlasting Stars: A Poetic Wreath to the Heroes of the Kuban. Book. 2. - Krasnodar, 2003. - S. 75–76.

Akim Dmitrievich Bigdai

(3.09.1855 – 17.11.1909)

In the history of Kuban culture, Akim Dmitrievich Bigday is a remarkable, rare, and extraordinary personality. He was born in the village of Ivanovskaya, in the family of a deacon of the local church. Having received a law degree in Odessa, he returned to the Kuban, where from July 26, 1888 he was a justice of the peace in Yekaterinodar.

A. D. Bigdai devoted a lot of strength and energy to public affairs: he was a member of the Yekaterinodar City Duma, chairman of a charitable society, director of the committee for prisons, founder of a correctional shelter, collected funds in favor of the starving. In addition, he worked in the Kuban Economic Society and in the Regional Statistical Committee. He was elected chairman of the Ekaterinodar Society of Fine Arts Lovers. In a word, there was no such public cause to which this person would not actively respond.

Akim Dmitrievich loved music with all his heart, although he did not receive a special musical education, he played both the violin and the piano. He wrote several musical works, including music for the play by the Kuban writer, ataman of the Black Sea Cossack army Ya. G. Kukharenko "Black Sea Life".

And yet the main thing in his life was the collection and popularization of folk songs of the Kuban. Akim Dmitrievich began to write down the heard ancient motives, to collect song texts from his youth. He attracted his numerous relatives, friends, acquaintances and even the first people he met on the street who remembered his grandfather's tunes to record songs. And people willingly responded to his requests. He traveled all over the Kuban, met with dozens of performers, listened to choirs, recorded wedding songs. In the published collections, songs were classified by genre: military marching, household, prison, etc.

Merciless time consigned to oblivion the good deeds of Akim Dmitrievich Bigdai, committed by him in the name of the good of the Kuban people, but one eternal monument to him remained - the collection “Songs of the Kuban and Terek Cossacks”. This unique work, bequeathed to future generations, continues to serve people.

In 1992 and 1995, two volumes of “Songs of the Kuban Cossacks” by A. D. Bigdai were published under the editorship of V. G. Zakharchenko, the artistic director of the Kuban Academic Cossack Choir. These songs live now in the choir's repertoire.

Read about the life of our wonderful fellow countryman A. D. Bigday and the songs he collected in these books:

Bardadym V. Akim Dmitrievich Bigday / Vitaly Bardadym // Guardians of the Kuban land / Vitaly Bardadym. - Krasnodar: Sov. Kuban, 1999.– P.185-196.

Bigdai A. Songs of the Kuban Cossacks. T.1. / A.D. Bigday; ed. V.G. Zakharchenko. - Krasnodar: Book. publishing house, 1992. - 440s.: notes.

Nazarov N. Akim Dmitrievich Bigday (1855-1909) / N. Nazarov // Literary Kuban: an anthology / author-comp. N.D. Nazarov; ed. VK. Bogdanov. - Krasnodar: Sov. Kuban, 2002. - V.1. - P.455-457.

Anton Andreevich

(1732 or 1744, Poltava province - 01/28/1797, Persia)

The entire history of the Cossacks of the Kuban until the end of the 18th century is inextricably linked with the name of the military judge Anton Andreevich Golovaty. This is an outstanding, gifted, original personality.

Anton Holovaty was born in the town of Novye Sanzhary, Poltava province in 1732 (according to other sources, in 1744) into a wealthy Little Russian family. He studied at the Kyiv Theological Academy, but dreaming of military exploits, went to the Zaporozhian Sich. For the courage, literacy and lively mind of the young Cossack, the Cossacks dubbed him "Headed".

Being a cheerful, witty man, Golovaty served easily, quickly moving up in the service - from a simple Cossack to a smoking ataman. For his military exploits, he was awarded orders and letters of thanks from Catherine II.

But his main merit is that the delegation of the Black Sea Cossacks achieved the signing on June 30, 1792 of the manifesto on the allocation of land to the Black Sea in Taman and Kuban.

Anton Golovaty had an innate diplomatic talent, which was clearly reflected in his administrative and civil activities. After moving to the Kuban, acting as ataman, Anton Andreevich supervised the construction of roads, bridges, and postal stations. In order to better manage the army, he introduced the "Order of Common Benefit" - a law establishing the permanent power of the rich elite in the army. He demarcated the villages of kurens, divided the Black Sea coast into five districts, and fortified the border.

Golovaty was also engaged in diplomatic negotiations with the Trans-Kuban Circassian princes, who expressed a desire to accept Russian citizenship.

On February 26, 1796, Anton Golovaty led a thousandth detachment of Cossacks and joined them in the "Persian campaign", but suddenly fell ill with a fever and died on January 28, 1797.

The name of Anton Golovaty is still remembered in the Kuban today.

If you want to learn more about our fellow countryman, an amazingly talented and enterprising person, read the books:

Bardadym V. Anton Golovaty - a diplomat / V. Bardadym // Kuban portraits / V. Bardadym. - Krasnodar, 1999. - S. 15 - 20.

Bardadym V. Order of Chepega to the mayor of Yekaterinodar / V. Bardadym // Etudes about Yekaterinodar / V. Bardadym. - Krasnodar, 1992. - S. 25 - 28.

Bardadym V. The first Black Sea people: Anton Golovaty / V. Bardadym // Military prowess of the Kuban / V. Bardadym. - Krasnodar, 1993. - S. 25 - 33.

Bardadym V. Songs of Anton Golovaty / Bardadym V. // Literary World of Kuban / V. Bardadym. - Krasnodar, 1999. - S. 93 - 95.

Kontricheva V. Portraits of the military judge A. Golovaty / V. Kontricheva // Third Kukharenkov readings: materials of the regional scientific and theoretical conference / V. Kontricheva. - Krasnodar, 1999. - S. 34 - 39.

Mirny I. Golovaty Anton Andreevich / I. Mirny // Name in history, history in name: streets are named after them / I. Mirny. - Krasnodar, 2004. - S. 59 - 60.

Petrusenko I. Ataman A. Golovaty / I. Petrusenko // Kuban in song / I. Petrusenko. - Krasnodar, 1999. - S. 65 - 66.

Frolov B. Awards Z. A. Chepegi and A. A. Golovaty / B. Frolov // Nobles in the history and culture of the Kuban: materials of the scientific - theoretical conference / B. Frolov. - Krasnodar, 2001. - S. 39 - 43.

Evgenia Andreevna Zhigulenko

(1920 – 1994)

commander of the 46th Guards Night

bomber aviation regiment

(325th Night Bomber Aviation Division,

4th Air Army, 2nd Belorussian Front).

Guard Lieutenant, Hero of the Soviet Union.

Evgenia Andreevna Zhigulenko was born on December 1, 1920 in Krasnodar in a working class family. She graduated from high school in the city of Tikhoretsk, Krasnodar Territory, studied at the airship building institute (later the Moscow Aviation Technology Institute).

E. A. Zhigulenko graduated from the pilot school at the Moscow flying club. She was in the Red Army from October 1941. In 1942 she graduated from navigator courses at the Military Aviation Pilot School and advanced training courses for pilots.

She was on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War from May 1942.

Evgenia Zhigulenko, the flight commander of the 46th Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment, by November 1944, made 773 night sorties, inflicted heavy damage on the enemy in manpower and equipment.

While still a schoolgirl, Zhenya decided to finish two classes in a year. I spent the whole summer studying textbooks and successfully passed the exams. From the seventh grade - immediately to the ninth! In the tenth grade, she wrote an application with a request to be enrolled as a student at the N. E. Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy. She was told that women were not admitted to the academy.

Another would have calmed down and began to look for another occupation. But Zhenya Zhigulenko was not like that. She writes a hot, excited letter to the Commissar of Defense. And she receives an answer that the question of her admission to the academy will be considered if she receives a secondary aviation technical education.

Zhenya enters the Moscow Airship Institute, and at the same time graduates from the Central Aeroclub named after. V. P. Chkalov.

At the beginning of the war, Evgenia Andreevna made persistent attempts to get to the front, and her efforts were crowned with success. She begins service in the regiment, which later became the Taman Guards Red Banner Order of Suvorov Aviation Regiment of Night Bombers. The brave pilot spent three years at the front. Behind her shoulders were 968 sorties, after which enemy warehouses, convoys, and airfield facilities burned.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 23, 1945, Evgenia Andreevna Zhigulenko was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

She was awarded the Order of Lenin, two Orders of the Red Banner, two Orders of the Patriotic War, 1st class, and two Orders of the Red Star.

After the war, Yevgenia Zhigulenko served ten more years in the Soviet Army, graduated from the Military-Political Academy, then worked in cultural institutions of the Kuban. The versatility of Yevgenia Andreevna's nature was manifested in the fact that she mastered another profession - a film director. Her first feature film “Night Witches in the Sky” is dedicated to her female pilot friends and navigators of the famous regiment.

V. Bezyazzychny. We remember your exploits / V. Bezyazychny // Kuban during the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945 / V. Bezyazychny. - Krasnodar, 2005. - S. 138 - 153.

Kozlov V. Zhigulenko Evgenia Andreevna / V Kozlov // Golden Glory of the Kuban: a brief biographical guide / V. Kozlov. - Krasnodar, Kuban Periodicals, 2003. - P. 45 - 46.

Mirny I. Zhigulenko Evgenia Andreevna / I. Mirny // Name in history, history in name: the streets of Krasnodar are named after them / I. Mirny. - Pyatigorsk, 2004. - S. 70 - 71.

Viktor Gavrilovich Zakharchenko

I will be happy if my songs will live among the people.

V. G. Zakharchenko

Composer, artistic director of the State Kuban Cossack Choir, Honored Art Worker and People's Artist of Russia, Honored Art Worker of Adygea, People's Artist of Ukraine, laureate of the State Prize of Russia, Professor, Hero of Labor of Kuban, Academician of the International Academy of Information, Academician of the Russian Humanitarian Academy, Dean of the Faculty of Traditional culture of the Krasnodar State University of Culture and Art, chairman of the charitable foundation for the revival of folk culture of the Kuban "Istoki", a member of the Union of Composers of the Russian Federation, a member of the presidium of the Russian Choral Society and the All-Russian Musical Society.

The future composer lost his father early, he died in the first months of the Great Patriotic War. The memory of her mother, Natalya Alekseevna, remained in the smell of the bread she baked, in the taste of her homemade sweets. The family had six children. Mom always worked, and when she worked, she usually sang. These songs so naturally entered the children's life that over time they became a spiritual need. The boy listened to the wedding round dances, the game of local virtuoso accordion players.

In 1956, Viktor Gavrilovich entered the Krasnodar Music and Pedagogical School. After graduating from it, he became a student of the Novosibirsk State Conservatory. M. I. Glinka at the Faculty of Choral Conducting. Already in the 3rd year, V. G. Zakharchenko was invited to a high position - the chief conductor of the State Siberian Folk Choir. The next 10 years of work in this post is a whole era in the development of the future master.

1974 - a turning point in the fate of V. G. Zakharchenko. A talented musician and organizer becomes the artistic director of the State Kuban Cossack Choir. A happy and inspirational time began for the creative upsurge of the team, the search for its original Kuban repertoire, the creation of a scientific, methodological and concert-organizational base. V. G. Zakharchenko is the creator of the Center for Folk Culture of the Kuban, the children's art school at the Kuban Cossack Choir. But his main brainchild is the State Kuban Cossack Choir. The choir has achieved a stunning result in many venues around the world: in Australia, Yugoslavia, France, Greece, Czechoslovakia, America, Japan. Twice, in 1975 and 1984, he won the All-Russian competitions of the State Russian Folk Choirs. And in 1994 he received the highest title - academic, was awarded two State Prizes: Russia - them. M. I. Glinka and Ukraine - them. T. G. Shevchenko.

Patriotic pathos, a sense of belonging to the people's life, civic responsibility for the fate of the country - this is the main line of Viktor Zakharchenko's composer creativity.

In recent years, he has been expanding his musical and thematic range, the ideological and moral orientation of his work. The lines of poems by Pushkin, Tyutchev, Lermontov, Yesenin, Blok, Rubtsov sounded differently. The boundaries of the traditional song have already become narrower. Ballads-confessions, poems-reflections, songs-revelations are created. So the poems “I will ride” (to the verses of N. Rubtsov), “The Power of the Russian Spirit” (to the verses of G. Golovatov), ​​new editions of the poem “Rus” (to the verses of I. Nikitin) appeared.

The titles of his works speak for themselves - "Nabat" (to the verses of V. Latynin), "You cannot understand Russia with the mind" (to the verses of F. Tyutchev), "Help those who are weaker" (to the verses of N. Kartashov).

V. G. Zakharchenko revived the traditions of the Kuban military singing choir, founded in 1811, including in his repertoire, in addition to folk and author's songs, Orthodox spiritual chants. With the blessing of the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia, the State Kuban Cossack Choir takes part in church services. In Russia, this is the only team that has been awarded such a high honor.

Viktor Gavrilovich Zakharchenko - Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Traditional Culture of the Krasnodar State University of Culture and Art. He conducts extensive research activities, he has collected over 30 thousand folk songs and traditional rites - the historical heritage of the Kuban village; collections of songs of the Kuban Cossacks were published; hundreds of arrangements and folk songs have been recorded on gramophone records, CDs, and videos.

Malakhova S. Bright people of the city / Sofia Malakhova // Krasnodar: a portrait for memory / Ed.-comp. O. Krndratova. - Krasnodar, 2002. - Zakharchenko Viktor Ivanovich. - P.167.

Petrusenko I. Kuban in song / Ilya Petrusenko.– Krasnodar: Sov. Kuban, 1999.– Victor Gavrilovich Zakharchenko.– P. 413 – 417.

Slepov A. On the song folklore of the Kuban: Notes / A. Slepov. - Krasnodar: Aeolian strings, 2000. - Zakharchenko Viktor Gavrilovich. - P. 146-152.

Fedor Akimovich Kovalenko

Fedor Akimovich Kovalenko entered the history of our region as a collector and philanthropist, creator of an art gallery, now an art museum.

He was born on May 16, 1866 in the Poltava region in a large family. After graduating from a local school and not being able to continue his education, in 1881 he moved to Yekaterinodar with his father and brothers, where he got a job in a grocery store.

With meager earnings, Fedor Akimovich Kovalenko bought inexpensive paintings, sketches, antiques, coins, and gradually created an interesting collection. He admitted that "he lost all his money to buy paintings." Already in 1890, Fyodor Akimovich arranged the first exhibition.

10 years later, Fedor Akimovich donated his collection to the city. And already in 1907, the city rented a beautiful two-story mansion of the railway engineer Shardanov for an art gallery.

Since 1905, Fyodor Akimovich annually, in spring and autumn, organized exhibitions of paintings by Russian and Ukrainian artists. In 1909 he created an art circle, whose honorary president was I. E. Repin.

In 1911, thanks to the active participation of Fyodor Akimovich, with the support and help of Repin, an art school was opened in Yekaterinodar, and in 1912 an art store, the purpose of which was "to promote artistic taste to the masses."

Kovalenko's trading business was going badly, he had to constantly conflict with the city duma. It required a lot of strength and health. In 1919, typhus killed the Kuban Tretyakov.

In 1993, the Krasnodar Regional Art Museum was named after F. A. Kovalenko.

Read about the famous Kuban, famous collector, founder of the Krasnodar Art Museum:

Avanesova M. The hand of the giver will not be scanty / M. Avanesova // Krasnodar news. - 2008. - No. 232. - P. 4.

Bardadym V. Addressee of Leo Tolstoy F. A. Kovalenko: founder of the art gallery / V. Bardadym // Kuban portraits / V. Bardadym. - Krasnodar: Soviet Kuban, 1999. - S. 73 - 77.

Kuropatchenko A. Kuban Tretyakov: 140 years have passed since the birth of Fyodor Akimovich Kovalenko, the founder of the Krasnodar Art Museum, the oldest in the south / A. Kuropatchenko // Krasnodar News. - 2006. - No. 70. - P. 3.

Loskovtsova M. Museum named after the "Kuban Tretyakov" / M. Loskovtsova // Free Kuban. - 2007. - No. 53. - P. 10.

Consolidated catalog of cultural property stolen and lost during the Second World War Vol. 16: Krasnodar Regional Art Museum. F. A. Kovalenko / ed. N. I. Nikandrova. - M. : Iris, 2009. - 79 p.

Spouses Semyon Davidovich and Valentina Khrisanfovna

Kirlian

Spouses Kirlian - scientists of world renown - natives of the Kuban.

For many years they lived and worked in Krasnodar. Semyon Davidovich was born in Yekaterinodar on February 20, 1898 in a large Armenian family. The boy had an absolute musical memory and ear, dreamed of becoming a pianist, but the outbreak of World War I interrupted his studies. The 19-year-old boy was sent to Tiflis. In December 1917, he returned to the Kuban and entered the factory of I. A. Yarovoy as an electrician and plumber.

At this time, on the path of life of SD Kirlian, a beautiful girl met - the daughter of the priest of the village of Novotitarovskaya Khrisanf Lukich Lototsky Valentina (she was born on January 26, 1901). In 1911, Valentina Lototskaya, ten years old, was taken to Yekaterinodar and placed in the Diocesan Women's School. She graduated from college in 1917. Mastered the profession of a typist. Then I met Semyon Kirlian.

V. Kh. Kirlian was engaged in pedagogy and journalism, S. D. Kirlian was engaged in electromechanics. The workshop on Karasunskaya Street, where he worked, was well known to the townspeople: it was possible to quickly, soundly and for a pittance repair any electric heater with a one-year warranty.

A restless inventor in 1941 proposes an electric screen used in showers to treat and neutralize people affected by poisonous gases. During the war years, he made other rationalization proposals. After the liberation of Krasnodar, Kirlian actively participated in the restoration of machinery at factories.

In the postwar years, Semyon Davydovich invents a new method for obtaining images of living and inanimate objects using a discharge, that is, without using a camera.

The first unique images of inanimate and wildlife objects were obtained using "high frequency currents". Then, in collaboration with his wife Valentina Khrisanfovna, successful improvements and original scientific experiments began. Only after carefully checking and experimentally proving the reality of the method they are developing on thousands of photographs, the Kirlians decided to formalize it legally.

On August 2, 1949, at 4:30 pm, the first photograph received by the experimenters was notarized. On September 5, the method was declared and a copyright certificate was issued.

The Kirlian spouses are rare nuggets: they created an original technique for obtaining images using a discharge in a gas, which is now used in industry, biology and medicine - this is a new way of diagnostics and control. They also made a rare discovery by proposing a mechanism for the gas supply of plants.

The entire scientific world of our planet has learned about the "Kirlian effect". Krasnodar, where researchers lived and worked, attracted the attention of not only domestic scientific institutions, but also many foreign institutes, laboratories and research centers. The couple had extensive business correspondence with 130 cities around the world.

Bardadym V. Memories of the Kirlian spouses: [who discovered the secret of the glow of objects - the "Kirlian effect"] // V. Bardadym Kuban portraits / V. Bardadym - Krasnodar, 1999. - P. 227–248.

Bardadym V. Spouses Semyon Davidovich and Valentina Khrisanfovna Kirlian // V. Bardadym Guardians of the Kuban land / V. Bardadym. - Krasnodar, 1998. - S. 263 - 269.

Bereznyak T. The discoverer of the luminous aura: [about the world-famous inventor - Kuban S. D. Kirlian and his discovery] // T. Bereznyak About the Kuban - the famous undeservedly forgotten / T. Bereznyak - Krasnodar, 2003. - P. 27 - 29.

Ushakov A. Leaving, leave the light: [famous scientists Semyon and Valentina Kirlian] / A. Ushakov // Krasnodar news. - 2007. - July 27 - (No. 114) - P. 12.

Elizaveta Yurievna

Kuzmina-Karavaeva (mother Maria)

1891 – 1945

Poet, philosopher, publicist, social and religious figure

Grandfather of Elizabeth Yurievna - Dmitry Vasilyevich Pilenko - was a Zaporozhye Cossack. At the age of 37, the top leadership appointed him head of the Black Sea District and promoted him to the rank of major general. For excellent service, he received for eternal and hereditary use a plot of land of 2,500 acres. Here he planted 8,000 fruit trees and grapes at once. He founded two estates, one of which is still widely known - Dzhemete, the largest vineyard. DV Pilenko played an important role in the creation of two new cities in the south - Novorossiysk and Anapa.

The son of Dmitry Vasilyevich, the father of Lisa Pilenko, inherited the estate and also took up viticulture. In 1905 he was appointed director of the famous Nikitsky Botanical Garden and director of the School of Viticulture and Winemaking.

On December 8, 1891, a girl named Elizabeth was born in this family. Since childhood, Lisa lived with her parents in Anapa, was fond of the poems of Lermontov, Balmont. She herself wrote brilliant essays on gymnasium topics, invented various stories for her peers. These were her first creative attempts, childlike and naive, but they already testified to her outstanding abilities.

After the unexpected death of her father, the mother moved with her daughter to Petersburg, to her sister.

After graduating from a private gymnasium, Elizabeth studied at the philosophical department of the Bestuzhev courses. In 1910 she married D. V. Kuzmin-Karavaev. She was a member of the "Workshop of Poets", which in 1912 published her first book of poems "Scythian shards". The book reflects the childhood impressions of the poet, observations of the archaeological excavations of the Crimean burial mounds.

Elizaveta Yurievna was friends with Akhmatova and Gorodetsky, she visited Voloshin in Koktebel. For a long time she was influenced by the poetry and personality of Alexander Blok. For many years they were in correspondence ...

Kuzmina-Karavaeva was the first woman to study theology in absentia at the St. Petersburg Theological Academy.

In 1923 Kuzmina-Karavaeva moved to live in Paris. Under the pseudonym Yuri Danilov, she published an autobiographical novel about the years of the revolution and the Civil War, The Russian Plain: A Chronicle of Our Days. In 1929, a number of her books were published in Paris: Dostoevsky and Modernity, Vl. Solovyov", "Khomyakov".

Appointed traveling secretary of the Russian Student Christian Movement, since 1930, Elizaveta Yurievna has been conducting missionary and educational activities among Russian emigrants in different cities of France.

In 1932, she became a nun, taking the name Maria during her tonsure, in honor of Mary of Egypt. She saw her monastic vocation in active love for her neighbors, primarily in helping the poor. In the mid-1930s, Mother Maria founded a center for social assistance in Paris, the Orthodox Cause fraternity, which became a meeting place for many writers and philosophers. On Rue Lourmel in Paris, she equipped a church, in the arrangement of which Mother Maria put her artistic, decorative, painting and needlework skills: she painted walls and glass, embroidered satin panels.

After the occupation of Paris, hundreds of Jews turned to Mother Mary for help and shelter. They were given documents, certificates of belonging to the Orthodox parish on Rue Lurmel, they were sheltered. During the mass Jewish pogrom of 1942, when thousands of Jews, including children, were herded into the stadium, Kuzmina-Karavaeva made her way there and rescued several children.

On February 9, 1942, mother Maria was arrested for harboring Jews and sent to the Ravensbrück concentration camp. It was in this camp that mother Maria died in a gas chamber.

Long before her death, on August 31, 1934, she left an entry in her notebook: “…there are two ways to live. It is perfectly legal and honorable to walk on land - to measure, weigh, foresee. But you can walk on water. Then one cannot measure and foresee, but one must only believe. A moment of disbelief - and you start to sink. There is no doubt that Mother Mary adhered to the second of the named “ways” of living, when almost every day becomes a test of the strength of faith, readiness to meekly bear the heavy cross of compassion and holy, selfless love for one’s neighbor. And it turned her life into a real feat.

The Soviet government recognized the merits of mother Maria and posthumously awarded the Order of the Patriotic War.

Canonized by the Patriarch of Constantinople as a venerable martyr in 2004.

If you want to know more about our outstanding compatriot, read:

Avanesova M. Rebellious nun: on the 120th anniversary of the birth of mother Maria (E. Kuzmina-Karavaeva) / M. Avanesova // Krasnodar news. - 2011. - December 20 (No. 201). – p. 20

Women in the history of the Kuban / Administration of the Krasnodar Territory. - Krasnodar: Range-B, 2013. - 64 p.

Kabakov M. The Saint lived in Anapa: Elizaveta Kuzmina-Karavaeva (mother Maria) / M. Kabakov // Literary newspaper. - 2010. - July 7–13 (No. 27). - p. 5.

Khomenko T. Red Count and mother Maria / T. Khomenko // Labor Man. - 2013. - February 21–27 (No. 7). – P. 4.

Mikhail Ivanovich Klepikov

(27.04.1927–26.03.1999)

Twice Hero of Socialist Labor,

laureate of the State Prize, deputy

Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Honored

machine operator of Russia, founder of the All-Kuban

competition for a high culture of agriculture

We have all heard the catchphrase: "Kuban is the breadbasket of Russia." But high yields depend not only on the fertility of the soil, but also on the people who work on the land.

Such a person was Mikhail Ivanovich Klepikov. For his valiant work on the Kuban fields, he was respected and appreciated by his compatriots, and foreign farmers called him the “beet king”.

In 1943, immediately after the liberation of the Kuban from the Nazi invaders, Mikhail Klepikov, a fifteen-year-old teenager, got on a tractor for the first time. At the age of 19, he was already a foreman on the Kuban collective farm in the Ust-Labinsk region. His initiative under the motto "Neighbor's land is not a foreign land" was picked up by the whole country.

Klepikov's team has accumulated vast experience, which they generously shared with grain growers around the world. Applying new technologies, Klepikov received record harvests of wheat, corn, peas, sunflowers, and beets.

Labor, selfless and tireless, for the benefit of the Kuban earned him a well-deserved calling. The main business of Mikhail Ivanovich Klepikov's life was taking care of the land, caring for it.

Until the end of his days, Mikhail Ivanovich remained true to his calling.

Vasilevskaya T. The earth did not remain in debt / T. Vasilevskaya // Krasnodar news. - 2002. - April 27. – P. 6–7.

Heroes of the Kuban fields / / Native Kuban. Pages of history: a book to read. - Krasnodar, 2004. - S. 191 - 193.

Klepikov M. The earth will not remain in debt / M. Klepikov. - Moscow: Politizdat, 1976. - 225 p.

Sokolov G. Kuban grain grower Mikhail Klepikov / G. Sokolov. - Moscow: Soviet Russia, 1977. - 224 p.

The generosity of the land of the Kuban: a photo album. - Moscow: Plakat, 1983. - 192 p.

Pavel Panteleimonovich Lukyanenko

(1901-1973)

Soviet scientist-breeder

Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Academician of VASKhNIL,

twice Hero of Socialist Labor

Pavel Panteleimonovich Lukyanenko was born on May 27, 1901 in the village of Ivanovskaya, Krasnodar Territory, in the family of the village chieftain, hereditary Cossack Panteleimon Timofeevich Lukyanenko.

Panteleimon Timofeevich brought up his children in labor, in severity, in respect for elders, he tried to give his sons a good education.

After graduating from elementary school, Pavel Lukyanenko entered the Ivanovo real school, in 1918 he graduated from it.

Interest in agriculture, in the profession of a breeder, was determined by a young man during his school years and remained for life. From a young age, he dreamed of defeating the terrible enemy of wheat - a fungal rust disease that often ruined crops on the rich Kuban land.

In the autumn of 1922, after demobilization from the Red Army, a man of the earth, who grew up in the village - Pavel Panteleymonovich Lukyanenko entered the Kuban Agricultural Institute, underwent practice on the experimental fields of Kruglik.

In 1926, Pavel Panteleymonovich received a diploma as an agronomist-field grower, and began working at an experimental agricultural station (now the Krasnodar Research Institute of Agriculture).

The young breeder read a lot, studied and thought about the precious cereal, about the "red bread", as it was called by the people - about wheat.

There is no other breeder in the world who would give humanity so many wonderful varieties of wheat. Pavel Panteleimonovich Lukyanenko created 43 varieties.

P. P. Lukyanenko developed a scientific program for the selection of rust-resistant varieties with a productive spike and high technological qualities.

His contribution to the development of agricultural breeding science is highly appreciated both at home and abroad. Pavel Panteleimonovich Lukyanenko was an honorary member of foreign academies of sciences: Bulgaria, Hungary, Germany, Sweden. He is a laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes, twice Hero of Socialist Labor, and has been awarded many orders and medals.

The work of the scientist lives in a golden wheat ear, and is continued by grateful students - a large team of breeders of the Krasnodar Research Institute of Agriculture named after P.P. Lukyanenko.

If you want to know more about our outstanding countryman, read:

Avanesova M. A man in love with the earth / M. Avanesova // Krasnodar news. - 2011. - June 9 (No. 89). – P. 3.

Lukomets V. A century of scientific agronomy in the Kuban / V. Lukomets // Free Kuban. - 2012. - June 21 (No. 86). – S. 21.

Mirny I. Lukyanenko Pavel Panteleimonovich // I. Mirny // Name in history, history in name: The streets of Krasnodar are named after them / I. Mirny. - Pyatigorsk, 2004. - S. 94 - 95.

Palman V. Our daily bread / V. Palman // The smile of the goddess Demeter / V. Palman. - Moscow, 1986. - S. 43 - 55.

Palman V. A man in a wheat field / V. Palman // Bow of the earth / V. Palman. - Moscow, 1975. - S. 11 - 35.

Native Kuban. Pages of history / ed. V. N. Ratushniak. - Krasnodar: Prospects for Education, 2004. - 212 p. - From content. : "Bread dad". - S. 189 - 191.

Konstantin Nikolaevich Obraztsov

We all know the words of the anthem of the Krasnodar Territory. The author of this masterpiece is the field priest of the 1st Caucasian Regiment Konstantin Oboraztsov. The song was written with inspiration, in one gulp, apparently, in the hour of calm, before the battle, and is dedicated to the Cossacks "in memory of their military glory." Konstantin Obraztsov owns several more Cossack songs dedicated to the Cossacks of his regiment.

Konstantin Obraztsov was born on June 28, 1877 on the Volga, in the city of Rzhev, Tver province, where his father, N. D. Obraztsov, served on the Rybinsk-Bologoevskaya railway. Obraztsov's grandfather was a priest, and his own father studied at a theological seminary.

In 1882, N. D. Obraztsov and his family moved to the Caucasus, to Tiflis. Here mother died of a cold and the children were left without supervision and care. My father remarried a Georgian Efrosinia Merabovna Tskitishvili. This woman had a great influence on little Konstantin, contributing to the awakening and education of religious feelings in the child.

After graduating from the city school, K. Obraztsov entered the Tiflis Theological Seminary. The teachers were able to discern and appreciate the extraordinary talents of the teenager. They helped him improve his literary style. In 1902 K. Obraztsov got married. And marriage, as it were, gave him a “second sight”, strengthened the moral foundation, freed him from the oppressive feeling of loneliness. At the same time, an old dream ripened in him to devote himself to serving the church. His wife supported this impulse. Konstantin parted ways with the university and on June 13, 1904 he took the clergy.

In 1909, K. Obraztsov took the place of the parish priest in the Cossack village of Sleptsovskaya. The next year, 1910, turned out to be a year of grievous grief for him: father K. Obraztsov simultaneously lost two of his children.

In 1912, the priest K. Obraztsov moved to the military department and received a new appointment in the 1st Caucasian regiment of the Kuban Cossack army. However, while in military service, Konstantin Obraztsov did not interrupt his literary work. He publishes new poems in spiritual magazines and newspapers "Russian Pilgrim", "Wanderer", "Helmsman", "Consolation and Instruction in the Orthodox Christian Faith", "Pochaev Leaf" and others.

On October 18, 1914, Turkey declared war on Russia. Thus began the endless military campaign of the 1st Caucasian regiment through the semi-wild, mountainous terrain, a campaign full of adversity and hardship, torment and loss. Father Konstantin, along with the Cossacks, endured all the difficulties of transitions, the troubles of military and bivouac life, huddling now in a tent, now in a hastily dug dugout. Father Konstantin admonished the mortally wounded, marveling at the courage of the Cossacks. The poems of K. Obraztsov, like his songs, are imbued with great love for the Fatherland, for his native home, they sing of the valor and fearlessness of the Russian warrior. It is precisely such poems that include the works “Nakhodka”, “World Battle”, “Father's greetings to the Kuban” - in memory of the capture of Erzerum. When this joyful news came to the villages -

In 1916, on the day of Holy Pascha, which fell on April 10, Father Konstantin Obraztsov in the poem "On the Day of Victory" prophetically said:

The fate of K. Obraztsov is tragic: according to one version, in 1917 the Bolsheviks killed him in Tiflis. According to another, he died in Ekaterinodar, in the house of Colonel M.I. Kamyanskaya, from typhus. But be that as it may, Konstantin Obraztsov is with us, in our memory, his soul is in the amazing song "You, Kuban, you are our Motherland." She became popular. Flew all the stations. Entered the soul of every person. She gained her immortality. According to old-timers, the music was written by the composer and conductor of the Military Symphony Orchestra M. F. Sirenyano. But, perhaps, the people composed the music. This crying song, confession song, prayer song became the anthem of the Kuban region. And live this anthem forever, how to stand and live forever mighty Kuban.

Bardadym V. Life and work of father Konstantin Obraztsov / V. Bardadym // Literary world of Kuban / Bardadym V. - Krasnodar: Soviet Kuban, 1999. - P. 154-160.

Mirny I. Obraztsov Konstantin Nikolaevich (1877 - 1919) / I. Mirny // Name in history, history in the name: The streets of Krasnodar are named after them / Mirny I. - Pyatigorsk, 2004. - P.108.

Pavlov A. Singer of Cossack valor / A. Pavlov // Military milestones / Pavlov A. - Krasnodar, 2006. - P. 79-83.

Stanislav Vladimirovich Ochapovsky

S. V. Ochapovsky is a native of Belarus, Minsk province, Slutsk district, the village of Iodchitsy. He was born on February 1, 1878. In 1896, Stanislav, having graduated from the gymnasium in Slutsk with a gold medal, entered the Military Medical Academy in St. Petersburg. Having received his higher education in 1901, he remains at the academic department to improve in ophthalmology. On May 15, 1904, the conference of the Military Medical Academy for the scientific reasoning presented by Ochapovsky "Phlegmon of the Orbit" honors the young academic title of Doctor of Medicine. After that, the twenty-six-year-old Ochapovsky survives the competition and heads the Red Cross eye clinic in Pyatigorsk. And in December 1909, he was invited by the Kuban Cossack army to the military hospital to head the eye department.

Having familiarized himself with the state of medical affairs, Stanislav Vladimirovich was satisfied with the state of the Yekaterindar military hospital, the largest and most exemplary in the Kuban. But when he delved deeper into the organization of ophthalmic care in the Kuban, he came to the conclusion that the spread of eye diseases was threatening. On April 14-17, 1911, Ochapovsky urged local doctors to get acquainted with the treatment of eye diseases, especially trachoma, which is widespread in the Kuban region to such an extent that it leaves, as he said, "far behind all other areas of Russia." He concluded his brilliant speech with an appeal: “It is necessary to open the eye points

in the region and try to accustom the population to them.

In order to establish prevention and treatment, it was proposed to organize flying detachments, which were created only in the 20s.

With a group of doctors and students, S. V. Ochapovsky leaves for the summer in remote places of the region and treats the population. From 1921 to 1930, 145 thousand patients were admitted and up to 5 thousand operations were performed. People, previously doomed to eternal blindness, began to see clearly. The name of Ochapovsky is passed from mouth to mouth and becomes the most famous in the North Caucasus.

In 1926, the scientist was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor for success in work. The rector of the Kuban Medical Institute, N.F. Melnikov-Razvedenkov, wrote that he appreciated in Ochapovsky "an outstanding scientist, specialist, honest, truthful academic figure", who, being a professor, but inspired by the ideals of a teacher and doctor, continues to conduct a regular outpatient appointment to help sick.

Raised in the Orthodox faith, he remained a deeply religious man. In the study of Stanislav Vladimirovich there was a holy corner, where a lamp was always lit in front of the icon of Christ the Savior.

S. V. Ochapovsky writes scientific works, popular brochures, in which, with paternal care, he gives valuable recommendations to parents on how to preserve their eyesight. And in his spare moments, in the morning hours, he pondered the next lecture, wrote essays on local history or, walking around the room, recited the poems of A. S. Pushkin.

Stanislav Vladimirovich was a very kind, sincere, modest and sympathetic person. It was always very easy for his colleagues to work with him.

Stanislav Vladimirovich had a love for literature, was an excellent connoisseur of his native land. His essays are replete with poetic sketches, accurate observations, philosophical reflections.

Loving nature, Ochapovsky often rested in the vicinity of Krasnodar, wandered along the banks of the Kuban, observed the life of plants, insects, birds. But he was not an idle observer: if he saw that water bodies were being polluted or trees were dying, he armed himself with a pen and wrote sharp articles, protecting the green world from defilement. So, for example, he spoke in defense of the suburban May Day grove.

During the Great Patriotic War, the Kuban Medical Institute was evacuated to Yerevan. SV Ochapovsky and his family also left for Armenia. How much has been experienced and rethought in these difficult years! The entire path of the advance of the Soviet armies to Berlin, the professor marked on the map with red flags already, being paralyzed. Like all Soviet people, he lived these days for one thing - victory over the Nazis.

SV Ochapovsky is elected as a deputy to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. In the State Archives of the Krasnodar Territory, in the personal files of the scientist, there is a telegram from M. I. Kalinin, sent from Moscow in April 1945 with the note: “Arrival is required,” he was invited to a meeting of the Supreme Council. But on April 17, 1945, at 8:15 am, Ochapovsky died.

Decades have passed, but Dr. Stanislav Vladimirovich Ochapovsky lives in the grateful memory of the people. The regional hospital is named after him, in the courtyard of which there is a monument to a remarkable ophthalmologist.

About our fellow countryman, the famous scientist and talented ophthalmologist S. V. Ochapovsky, read:

Bardadym V. Professor S. V. Ochapovsky / V. Bardadym // Sketches about Yekaterinodar / V. Bardadym. - Krasnodar: "Northern Caucasus", 1992. - S. 124-129.

Bardadym V. Stanislav Vladimirovich Ochapovsky / V. Bardadym // Guardians of the Kuban land / V. Bardadym. - Ed.2nd, add. – Krasnodar: “Owls. Kuban, 1998. - S. 260-262.

Native Kuban. Pages of history: a book for reading / ed. prof. V. N. Ratushniak. - Krasnodar: OPPC "Perspectives of Education", 2004. - From the content: Hurry to do good. - S. 199-201.

Vasily Stepanovich Pustovoit

Head of the Department of Breeding and Seed Production and the Laboratory of Sunflower Breeding of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Oilseeds. Twice Hero of Socialist Labor, Academician, Honored Worker of Science of the RSFSR, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences.

A field of blooming sunflowers! Who didn't love it? Looking at such a field, one involuntarily remembers the name of a remarkable person who undividedly devoted his indefatigable energy and long life to it - this is Academician Vasily Stepanovich Pustovoit.

It was he, the famous Russian breeder, who brought out disease-resistant, high-yielding and extremely oily varieties of sunflower.

Vasily Stepanovich Pustovoit was born on January 2, 1886 in the settlement of Taranovka (Zmievsky district, Kharkov province).

In 1908, Vasily Stepanovich moved to the Kuban to work at the Military Agricultural School, and from 1990 became the assistant manager of the school.

Vasily Stepanovich Pustovoit, as a teacher, gained a well-deserved authority and respect among his students - future rural specialists. In those same years, V.S. Pustovoit works as a local agronomist in the village of Petropavlovskaya (now the Kurganinsky district).

Vasily Stepanovich lectures. He writes popular pamphlets, teaches young people rational methods of cultivating the land. And literally storms the Kuban regional government with scientific recommendations, proposals, requests.

But the world-wide fame came to the scientist thanks to his work in the field of sunflower breeding and seed production, when Vasily Stepanovich set himself a daring task for that time - to create high-oil varieties. The outstanding Kuban breeder worked wonders, he brought out winter varieties of wheat for the arid regions of the region and for regions with increased annual rainfall.

There are 160 scientific works published by the Kuban scientist in different years, and most of them are devoted to his favorite plant - the sunflower. The main thing that the outstanding breeder strove for in his work was to increase the oil content in dry sunflower seeds.

In total, VS Pustovoit created 34 varieties of sunflower, of which 85 percent have been zoned. The last selection work of Vasily Stepanovich was the Salyut variety - it was, as it were, a “swan song” of an indefatigable worker - a wonderful person of his native land.

On October 11, 1972, his heart stopped. But to this day, varieties obtained by the Soviet breeder Vasily Stepanovich Pustovoit are considered world masterpieces of cultivated sunflower.

If you want to know more about the life of the outstanding Kuban breeder, read these books:

Bardadym V.P. Guardians of the Kuban Land. - Krasnodar: Soviet Kuban, 1998. - S. 29 - 34.

Vertysheva N. The feat of a scientist // In granite and bronze. - Krasnodar: Book publishing house, 1975. - P. 131 - 134.

Lukomets V. Autograph on the canvas of the earth: to the 120th anniversary of the birth of V.S. Pustovoit / V. Lukomets // Kuban News. - 2006.- N5 (January 14). - P. 13.

Mirny I. Pustovoi Vasily Stepanovich (1886-1972) // Mirny I. Name in history, history in name: The streets of Krasnodar are named after them. - Pyatigorsk, 2004. - S. 115 - 116.

Novikov V. Golden flower. - M.: Political literature, 1973. - 135 p.

Lukomets V. Autograph on the canvas of the earth: to the 120th anniversary of the birth of V. S. Pustovoit / V. Lukomets // Kuban News. - 2006. - N 5 (January 14). - P. 13.

Palman V. Features of a familiar face: A documentary story about academician V.S. Pustovoite. - Krasnodar: Book publishing house, 1971. - 190s.

Ploskov F. Grains of life: a book about breeders. - Krasnodar: Book publishing house, 1975. - 287 p.

Skichko O. What do you call the city ... / O. Skichko // Pedagogical Bulletin of the Kuban. - 2007. - No. 1. - P. 48 - 50.

Sun flower // Native Kuban. Pages of history: a book to read. - Krasnodar: Prospects for Education, 2003. - P. 198 - 199.

Sharonov A. The feat of an academician: Vasily Stepanovich Pustovoit // Laureates. - Krasnodar: Book publishing house, 1979. - S. 18 - 31.

Grigory Antonovich Rasp

G. A. Raspil was born on September 26, 1801 in a family of Black Sea nobles. As a twelve-year-old boy, he is already on a campaign - he makes a 3-month trip from Yekaterinodar to St. Petersburg. Before reaching the age of 17, he became a cadet in the 4th Black Sea Squadron, then a cornet. Thanks to his intelligence and abilities, he managed to quickly move up the career ladder: in 1832 he was promoted to colonel, in 1841 to major general. A month and a half later, by the Highest command, Rasp was appointed chief of staff of the Black Sea Cossack army. His organizational talent unfolded in full breadth, his amazing administrative and economic activities, aimed at the benefit and flourishing of the virgin land.

On April 4, 1844, he was instructed to fulfill the post of Ataman and commander of the Black Sea cordon line. All aspects of the complex Cossack life and administration needed to be reorganized and improved. According to E. D. Felitsyn, in the administrative activities of G. A. Raspil “had no rivals among his predecessors, yielding, perhaps ... to Anton Andreevich Golovaty. The Kuban historian I. D. Popko rightly wrote about him: “The coincidence of the appointment of this bright personality with the transformation of the army according to the new position was a favorable event for the military corporation. Ataman, he wrote, “set three tasks at the forefront of his activity: service education, land improvement, mental enlightenment.”

Hundreds of archival cases testify to the foresight of the ataman, the sobriety of his judgments, and his father's concern for the welfare of the people. He did not disregard a single complaint from poor villagers about harassment and arbitrariness. Concerned about education, Rasp made the restoration of the military gymnasium, at a time when there was still no mention of public schools.

The merit of G.A. The rasp in the creation of the Mary Magdalene women's hermitage, where lonely widows and elderly Cossack women found their last refuge. In December 1848, he was busy building a church at the Yekaterinodar cemetery. Voluntary donations were used to build a temple of God in the name of All Saints, and the cemetery was named All Saints.

The Caucasian war was in full swing, but under G. Raspile, even the adamant militant Abadzekhs and Shapsugs laid down their military weapons on the cordon line and carried the fruits of their peaceful activities to the Ekaterinodar fairs. Among the peaceful Circassians, the ataman was so authoritative that princes and nobles often came to him for advice in contentious matters.

Grigory Antonovich honestly devoted 54 years to military service. G. A. Rasp died on November 14, 1871. With military honors, the faithful son of the Kuban land was buried at the All Saints cemetery.

The name of the wonderful Black Sea man, the guardian of his native land, is imprinted in the name of one of the central streets of Yekaterinodar.

If you want to know more about the life of the famous ataman, a talented administrator, a wonderful person,

we bring to your attention:

Bardadym V. Grigory Antonovich Rasp / V. Bardadym // Guardians of the Kuban land / V. Bardadym.– Ed. 2nd, add. - Krasnodar: “Owls. Kuban”, 1998.– P.91-94.

Bondarev S. Why did the Cossack elite dislike Ataman Rasp / S. Bondarev // Krasnodar news. - 2004. - September 3. - P. 6.

Galatsan N. At the All Saints cemetery, the last shelter was found by the ataman Rasp and the historian Felitsyn / N. Galatsan // Krasnodar news. - 2006. - September 7. - P. 7.

Mazein V. A. Atamans of the Black Sea, Caucasian linear and Kuban Cossack troops / V. A. Mazein, A. A. Roshchin, S. G. Temirov.// Kuban local historian 3 / comp. G. G. Shulyakova; thin M. V. Tarashchuk. - Krasnodar: Book. publishing house, 1992.– P.78-81.

Mirny I. Raspil Grigory Antonovich (1801-1871) / I. Mirny // Name in history, history in name: the streets of Krasnodar are named after them / I. Mirny.– Pyatigorsk: Kartinform, 2004.– P. 117-118.

Kirill Vasilievich Rossinsky

(1774–1825)

For a long time the name of this remarkable man was forgotten. He lived only 49 years, but how much good, eternal, reasonable he did!

The son of a priest, military archpriest Kirill Vasilyevich Rossinsky arrived in the Kuban on June 19, 1803. This talented, educated man devoted his entire short life to a noble cause - the enlightenment of the Cossacks.

Kirill Vasilievich in his sermons explained to believers about the benefits of education, about the significance of schools for the people. In 27 churches he opened in the region, he organized the collection of money for the construction of schools. For a long time, Kirill Vasilyevich himself taught at the Ekaterinodar School. There were no textbooks, so all the training was conducted according to the Rossinsky "manuscript notebooks". Later, Kirill Vasilievich wrote and published the textbook "Short Rules for Spelling", which went through two editions - in 1815 and 1818. Now these books are stored in a special fund of the Russian State Library as unique editions.

Kirill Vasilyevich Rossinsky gave a lot of spiritual strength and knowledge to literature and science, wrote poetry, historical and geographical essays. In Yekaterinodar, he was also known as a physician who hurried to the sick at any time and in any weather. His devotion to the cause, disinterestedness, kindness amazed his contemporaries.

In 1904, the library opened at the Dmitrievsky School by the Yekaterinodar charitable society was named after Rossinsky. In honor of the Kuban educator, one of the Krasnodar universities was named - the Institute of International Law, Economics, Humanities and Management.

To learn more about the fate of the outstanding educator of the Kuban, read:

Bardadym V. Kirill Vasilyevich Rossinsky / V. Bardadym // The Literary World of Kuban / V. Bardadym. - Krasnodar, 1999. - S. 96 - 102.

Bardadym V. Kirill Vasilyevich Rossinsky / V. Bardadym // Guardians of the Kuban land / V. Bardadym. - Krasnodar, 1999. - S. 72 - 76.

Bardadym V. Enlightener of the Kuban / V. Bardadym // Etudes about Yekaterinodar / V. Bardadym. - Krasnodar, 1992. - S. 81 - 84.

Vetrova V. Serving others, I waste myself / V. Vetrova // Krasnodar news. - 2010. - March 18 (No. 45). – S. 2.

Citizen M. Enlightener of the Black Sea Coast Kirill Rossinsky / M. Citizen. - Krasnodar, 2005. - 352 p.

Kirill Vasilyevich Rossinsky // Native Kuban. Pages of history: a book to read. - Krasnodar, 2003. - S. 118 - 120.

Kuropatchenko A. The world of knowledge has no statute of limitations / A. Kuropatchenko // Krasnodar news. - 2008. - July 10 (No. 118). - P. 12.

Mirny I. Rossinsky Kirill Vasilyevich / I. Mirny // Name in history, history in name: the streets of Krasnodar are named after them / I. Mirny. - Pyatigorsk, 2004. - S. 119.

Razdolsky S. Enlightener Archpriest Kirill Rossinsky / S. Razdolsky // Problems of the study and development of Cossack culture / S. Razdolsky. - Maykop, 2000. - S. 62 - 64.

Stepanova Epistiniya Fedorovna

The name of a simple Kuban woman, Epistinia Fedorovna Stepanova, is known throughout the world. Her maternal feat is in the halo of glory and immortality. On the altar of the Great Victory, the mother-heroine gave the lives of her nine sons.

The friendly, hard-working Stepanov family lived on the May Day farm - now the Olkhovsky farm of the Timashevsky district of the Krasnodar Territory. In the heat of the Civil War, the first son of Epistinia Feodorovna, Alexander, died. He was seventeen. But the trouble did not break the Stepanovs. The sons worked on the collective farm - a carpenter, an accountant, a grain grower. In the evenings, music often sounded under the roof of the Stepanovs' house. The brothers played the button accordion, violin, guitar, balalaika, mandolin.

Time passed, the sons grew up. Fedor died on Khalkhin Gol, Ilya died on the Kursk Bulge, Vasily, a partisan intelligence officer, died in Ukraine, Ivan laid down his life on Belarusian soil, Pavel went missing on the Bryansk front, Philip experienced all the torments of a fascist concentration camp.

The younger son of Epistinia Fedorovna Alexander, named after the deceased elder brother, was one of the first to cross the Dnieper and, at the cost of incredible efforts, together with other fighters, held the bridgehead on the right bank. On the outskirts of Kyiv, six furious enemy attacks were repulsed. Stepanov was left alone, repelling the seventh attack alone. When an enemy chain appeared from the dust raised by the tanks, he hit it as long as the machine gun worked. Then, holding the last grenade in his fist, he stepped towards the German soldiers, blowing himself up and surrounding enemies.

For this feat, twenty-year-old Alexander Stepanov was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Streets in the city of Timashevsk, on the Olkhovsky farm, in the village of Dneprovskaya are named after him. At the entrance to the school MOU secondary school No. 7 st. A bust of Alexander Stepanov was installed in the Dneprovskaya Timashevsky district.

Only Nikolai, having risen from the hospital bed, when peace was already on the ground, returned on the August day of forty-five years to his native farm. He walked along the street, which had once been cramped for him and his brothers, and knocked on the door of the deserted Stepanovs' house. But even under the mother's roof, the war overtook the soldier - he died from front-line wounds.

Epistinia Fedorovna is buried in the village of Dneprovskaya at the memorial of those who died in the battles for the Motherland. The names of soldiers who did not return from the battlefields to their native village are carved on the marble slabs of the memorial. And the first - the names of the Stepanov brothers - the sons of Epistinia Feodorovna, the SOLDIER'S MOTHER.

Having equated the maternal feat with the feat of a soldier, the Motherland awarded her the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.

In Timashevsk, the Museum of the Stepanov family was opened, the monument "Mother" was erected.

Want to learn more about the soldier's mother E. F. Stepanova, read:

Women in the history of the Kuban / Administration of the Krasnodar Territory. - Krasnodar: Range-B, 2013. - 64 p.

Soldiers' mothers / comp. A. V. Zhinkin. - Krasnodar: Prince. publishing house, 1985. - 240 p.

Konov V. Epistinya Stepanova - Moscow: Young Guard, 2005. - 323 p. – (Life of remarkable people. Issue 936)

Bystrov A. Russian mother. - Moscow: Sov. Russia, 1979. - 128 p.

Medunov S. Mother's hymn // In granite and bronze. - Krasnodar, 1975. - S. 82 - 86.

Gavriil Stepanovich Chistyakov

Gavriil Stepanovich Chistyakov was born on March 25, 1867 in the family of an officer. His father is Stepan (Stefan) Efremovich Chistyakov from the Azov army, and his mother, Melanya Alekseevna, is the daughter of the Kerch merchant Terentyev. To his only son, Gabriel, "not capable of service, but capable of work," he gave a solid education at Kharkov University. On June 5, 1892, Gavriil Chistyakov received a law degree, returned to the Kuban and was admitted to the Yekaterinodar District Court, where he received the position of "junior candidate". But his legal career did not last long, as he was elected a member of the Yekaterinodar city council, received the rank of collegiate secretary, and a few years later became the sixth mayor of Yekaterinodar. It was at this post that the brilliant administrative and organizational talent of G.S. Chistyakov unfolded to its fullest. It was not easy for Gavriil Stepanovich to work after his famous predecessor Vasily Semenovich Klimov. Klimov, a native of Ryazan, the city was indebted to the fact that the provincial Cossack village, previously called the capital of the Kuban Cossack army, acquired a “respectable appearance”, became a cultural and industrial Russian city with a network of factories and factories, public schools and gymnasiums, hospitals and outpatient clinics, churches and theatres. The newly elected mayor tried to follow in the footsteps of Klimov.

His first good deeds were a grove laid out on 30 acres of urban land and a dam, later called "Chistyakovskiye". The notorious Karasun, a hotbed of malaria, was finally filled up, dozens of public schools were opened, a 2-story building was built for the Second City 4-class school (the corner of Kotlyarevskaya and Severnaya streets), the 1st women's school was expanded - the corner of Krasnaya and Long, the construction of the Diocesan Women's School was completed schools, an art gallery named after F. A. Kovalenko and a museum of visual aids, a library named after N. V. Gogol (on Dubinka) were opened.

Thanks to his numerous merits, G.S. Chistyakov was re-elected to the post of mayor until November 1907. During this period, he built the First Men's Gymnasium, the "Shelter named after Christ the Savior" for homeless children of school age (2-storey building, now Zheleznodorozhnaya St., 8), opened the Second Men's Gymnasium and a monument to Catherine II. It was Chistyakov who introduced universal primary education in Yekaterinodar. Gavriil Stepanovich could be proud of his many useful activities. But the seven hard years given by Chistyakov to public work and Ekaterinodar affected his health, and therefore he was forced to leave the post of mayor.

However, Chistyakov did not give up all affairs. He is a founding member of the Cossack Black Sea-Kuban railway, chairs the city council, and is elected director of the city bank. Even in a difficult period of life, when his father and only daughter die, Gavriil Stepanovich does not leave public work. He becomes even more imbued with sympathy for the disadvantaged, continuing to do charity work in the "Shelter named after Christ the Savior."

After the revolution, during the years of the civil war, he was again elected as a vowel to the city duma.

At the beginning of March 1920, GS Chistyakov went into exile. And traces of him disappear.

The organizer and guardian of our city has long been gone, but to this day the Chistyakovskaya grove (renamed Pervomaiskaya) lives and rustles with leaves. And on Sobornaya Street (named after Lenin, 41) stands his house - Chistyakov's house with cast-iron steps and a patterned iron canopy-visor.

If you want to know more about our countryman, an amazingly talented and enterprising person G.S. Chistyakov, read:

Bardadym V. Gavriil Stepanovich Chistyakov /V. Bardadym // Guardians of the Kuban land / V. Bardadym.– Ed. 2nd, add. – Krasnodar: “Owls. Kuban”, 1998.– P.213-215.

Bardadym V. Gavriil Stepanovich Chistyakov / V. Bardadym // Fathers of the city of Ekaterinodar / V. Bardadym - Ed. 2nd, add. – Krasnodar: “Owls. Kuban, 2005. - P.83-106.

Sadovskaya O. The name on the map of the city (G.S. Chistyakov) / O. Sadovskaya // Nobles in the history and culture of the Kuban: materials of the scientific-theoretical conference. - Krasnodar, 2001. - S. 125-129.

Ushakov A. Gavriil Chistyakov and others / A. Ushakov // Krasnodar news. - August 28. - p. 5.

Elena Choba

Kuban Cossack, under the name of Mikhail Choba

fought on the fronts of the First World War.

Awarded with St. George medals of the 3rd and 4th degrees,

George Cross 4th degree.

About two centuries ago, in the Russian troops fighting against Napoleon's army, they started talking about the mysterious cornet Alexander Alexandrov. As it turned out later, the cavalry girl Durova served under this name in the Lithuanian Lancers Regiment. No matter how Nadezhda hid her belonging to the fair sex, the rumor that a woman was fighting in the army spread throughout Russia. The unusual nature of this incident worried the whole society for a long time: the young lady preferred the hardships of military life and mortal risk to reading sentimental novels. A century later, Yelena Choba, a Kuban Cossack from the village of Rogovskaya, stood in front of the village community to petition to be sent to the front.

On July 19, 1914, Germany declared war on Russia. When the news reached Yekaterinodar, an urgent mobilization of all units and subdivisions began - messengers went to remote villages. The conscripts, saying goodbye to peaceful life, saddled their horses. Gathered to the front and Rogovskoy Cossack Mikhail Choba. It was difficult to equip a young Cossack in a cavalry regiment: you need to buy a horse, ammunition - the list of the full Cossack right included more than 50 necessary things. The Choba spouses did not live well, so they sent the horseless Mikhail on a cart to the Plastunovsky regiment.

Elena Choba was left alone to work and run the household. But it is not in the Cossack character to sit quietly when the enemy came to their native land. Elena decided to go to the front, stand up for Russia and went to the respected residents in the village council. The Cossacks gave their permission.

After the village elders supported Elena's request to be sent to the front, she was to meet with the head of the Kuban region. Elena came to the appointment with Lieutenant General Mikhail Pavlovich Babych with short hair, in a gray cloth Circassian coat and hat. After listening to the petitioner, the chieftain gave permission to be sent to the army and paternally admonished the Cossack Mikhail (she wished to be called by this name).

And a few days later the train rushed Elena-Michael to the front. The magazine “Kuban Cossack Messenger” told about how the Rogov woman fought: “In the heat of fire, under the incessant roar of cannons, under the incessant rain of machine-gun and rifle bullets, according to the testimony of comrades, our Mikhailo did his job without fear and reproach.

Looking at the young and fearless figure of their brave comrade-in-arms, his comrades indefatigably marched on the enemies ahead of Mikhail, not suspecting at all that Rogovskaya Cossack Elena Choba was hiding under the Circassian Cossack.

During our retreat, when the enemy was trying to tie up one of our units and batteries in a tight ring, Elena Chobe managed to break through the enemy’s ring and save two of our batteries from death, which had absolutely no idea of ​​the proximity of the Germans, and withdraw the batteries from the closing German ring without any damage from our side. For this heroic feat, Choba received the St. George Cross of the 4th degree.

For fights, Elena Choba has the 4th and 3rd degree St. George medals and the St. George Cross of the 4th degree. She refused the latter, leaving it with the regimental banner.

Further information about the fate of the famous Rogov woman is contradictory. Some saw Elena in the village in the Red Army Budenovka on her head, others heard that after the battle near the village of Slavyanskaya she was shot by whites, others said that she had emigrated.

Only many years later, some details of the life of the fighting heroine-Cossack became known. In 1999, in the Krasnodar Regional Museum-Reserve named after. E. D. Felitsyna opened the exhibition "Russian Fate". Among the exhibits was a photograph of the American theatrical troupe "Kuban Dzhigits", donated to the museum by a 90-year-old Cossack from Canada. The picture was taken in 1926 in the city of San Luis. In the front row, in a white Circassian coat and hat, stands the legendary Cossack woman Elena Choba from the Kuban village of Rogovskaya.

If you want to know more about the outstanding Kuban Cossack woman, read:

Bardadym V. Kuban cavalry girl Elena Choba / V. Bardadym // Kuban portraits / V. Bardadym. - Krasnodar, 1999. - S. 139 - 145.

Bardadym V. Kuban cavalry girl / V. Bardadym // Military prowess of the Kuban / V. Bardadym. - Krasnodar, 1993. - P. 129 - 134.

Khachaturova E. Cossack girl, or what old photographs told about / E. Khachaturova // History of the Kuban in stories and illustrations: a textbook for grades 4-5 of educational institutions / E. Khachaturova. - Krasnodar, 2002. - S. 57 - 60.

Arshaluys Kevorkovna Khanzhiyan

In the autumn of 1942, fierce battles were going on in the North Caucasus. German troops strove for the sea, for oil, they needed to capture the port city of Tuapse. The attack on the city went in two directions: along the valley of the Pshish River to the village of Shaumyan and from the city of Goryachiy Klyuch along the valley of the Psekups River to the village of Fanagoriyskoye. The second direction captured the Podnawisla farm. At that time, a field hospital was located on the farm. The cannonade of the battle near the village of Phanagoriysky was well audible in the gorge, where the hospital tents were placed under the crowns of trees. Orderlies brought here the wounded fighters. Not everyone was destined to return to combat formation, although the doctors did everything possible. Those who died from mortal wounds were buried in a small clearing near the Chepsi River.

The wounded were cared for not only by medical personnel, but also by local residents. And among them Kevorkovna Khanzhiyan. She said: “How hard it was for the soldiers! Young, handsome guys, and who has no legs, whose arm has been torn off. They cry at night, they call me: “Shurochka, how to live on?” And I answer them that while the enemy is on our land, you must first survive, and then beat him, the damned one. “What are you doing,” they say to me, “do you really need one-armed armies?” “But how,” I answer, “of course, they are needed.” And for example, I take my father’s gun and shoot at a target with one hand. When it did, when it didn't. But the most important thing was that I, a woman, shot with one hand.

Arshaluys, having lost her parents, since the war lived alone under the Goryachiy Klyuch and guarded the mass graves of soldiers who did not allow the Nazis to enter the Black and Caspian Seas. An ordinary human oath forced her to stay in the wilderness, exchanging worldly goods for complete solitude. They say that one day bulldozers came to the Podavisla farm to build a road. An elderly woman with a hunting rifle came out to meet them and, having fired two warning shots, turned the equipment back. "It is forbidden! Soldiers sleep here ... ”The builders tried to find out by what right she disposes. “I have that right,” the woman replied. “I gave my word to the soldiers.”

The weekend tourist route passes through Podnavisla farm, excluded from the registration data of the administrative-territorial division. Very often the guests of Arshaluys Kevorkovna were schoolchildren, students, residents of other regions of the country. They helped a lonely woman prepare firewood for the winter and keep the memorial complex in order. Until her last days, Arshaluys remained faithful to those young soldiers whose graves she looked after. All of Russia learned about the civil feat, about the courage of this woman. Arshaluys Kevorkovna became a laureate of the Russian contest "Woman of the Year - 97" in the nomination "Life - Fate". But she was not destined to know about this. The heart, which for many years kept loyalty and memory to the dead soldiers, stopped.

Until 1997, until her death, Arshaluys (the name in Armenian means “light of the star”) carried her cross. Over time, a memorial complex appeared on the site of the mass graves on the river bank, on which the inscription: “Your feat is immortal, Soviet people,” and below are the names of 98 soldiers buried here. Relatives of the victims and those whom Arshaluys left come here to bow to the memory and feat of the past.

In the 85th year, Arshaluys Kevorkovna passed away and, according to her will, was buried next to the graves dear to her.

At present, her niece lives in the house of Grandma Shura. Cadets of the Krasnodar Law Institute took patronage over Podnavisla: they helped to build a road there, they monitor the state of the memorial. And every year on May 9, veterans of the Great Patriotic War, residents of the city of Goryachiy Klyuch and nearby settlements come here, to the mass grave, to pay tribute to the deep respect and memory of the soldiers who defended our Motherland from the enemy and went into immortality, and Arshaluys - "soldier's bride."

If you want to know more about our outstanding compatriot, read:

Samoylenko A. Khutor Podnavisla im. A. K. Khanzhiyan / A. Samoylenko // Weekend routes in the vicinity of Krasnodar / A. Samoylenko. - Krasnodar, 2003. - S. 102-103.

Zazdravnykh N. The city of Goryachiy Klyuch, the town of Podnavisla / N. Zazdrivnykh, M. Moreva // Monuments and monuments of the Great Patriotic War in the Kuban / N. Zazdravnykh, M. Moreva. - Krasnodar, 2003. - P. 23.

Competition for the best poem dedicated to Arshaluys Khanzhiyan // Kuban News. - 2012. - June 5. - p. 5.

Ponomarev F. “We live according to such a law - we try to do good” / Ponomarev F. // Kuban News. - 2012. - June 29. - P.6 - 7.