Which of the Russian politicians are Freemasons. The most famous Masons: list

SO, quite recently, it was published in the media: "specialists from the University of Zurich conducted a mathematical analysis of the relationships of 43,000 transnational corporations and made a frightening conclusion: the world is ruled by one giant" supercorporation ".

It is she who "pulls the strings" of the global economy.

To model the image of the global corporate system, the experts processed a huge amount of data reflecting the ownership relations between the largest transnational corporations.

The Role of Freemasons in World History (Hitler and Freemasons)

“Reality is so complex that we had to move away from dogmas, whether it be conspiracy theories or free market theories,” explained the author of the study, complex systems theorist James Glattfelder. “Our analysis is based on real data.”

Previous studies have shown that a relatively small group of companies and banks own the lion's share of the global "economic pie", from which everyone else is left with only crumbs. However, these studies have overlooked indirect relationships - the relationship of corporations with subsidiaries and affiliates.

After sorting through the 37 million companies and investors worldwide represented in the 2007 Orbis C database, the Zurich-based research team selected 43,060 multinational corporations and identified their total assets.

A model was built for the distribution of the economic influence of TNCs through the control of some companies over others: ownership of funds, participation in profits, etc.

Scientists have found a core of 1,318 companies whose ties to others can hardly be called anything other than incestuous. Each of these 1,318 companies had the closest relationship with two or more other companies (average number of affiliated partners was 20).

While these corporations' official earnings barely exceed 20% of global operating revenue, they actually own most of the world's companies operating in the "real" economy through their satellite firms. Thus, about 60% of global income is concentrated in the tentacles of corporate monsters.

Continuing to unravel the vast web of ownership, the team found that the majority of financial chains are headed in the direction of a "superenclave" of 147 companies. Their assets intersect with each other, effectively being common property, which gives this unspoken financial conglomerate control of 40% of global corporate wealth.

Most of these "supercorporations" are financial institutions. So, the top 10 included:

1. Barclays plc
2. Capital Group Companies Inc.
3. FMR Corporation
4.AXA
5 State Street Corporation
6JP Morgan Chase & Co
7. Legal & General Group plc
8Vanguard Group Inc.
9.UBS AG
10 Merrill Lynch & Co Inc.

Analyze this list yourself, dear readers, and you will see that these are not ordinary companies, and not ordinary people work there. The analysis revealed the connection between the leaders of these super giants of the world economy and secret societies, namely Masonic lodges. Some of these companies were founded directly by people - members of Masonic organizations, and some with their participation.

LET'S GO TO THE RUSSIAN MASONS.

It is known that by the mid-50s of the 20th century, some Russian Freemasons had completely left Freemasonry: Bernstein, Niedermiller, Lebedev, Lomeyer, Zhdanov, Grunberg. Others went over to the French lodges, which by this time had begun to revive little by little, but their future was extremely doubtful.

An anonymous author reports: "New forces have been found." It can be assumed that these were brothers from the Vekhi and Free Russia lodges, who were taken in by Lotus, but for some reason they were still listed in the Obedience of the Great East: Jakeli, Dzhanshiev, Kadish, Kangisser, Aronsberg, Shamin (from the French lodge), G.G. Karganov (from the mixed lodge "France?Armenie").

In 1959 the fateful moment came: the Grand Lodge broke off relations with the Grand Orient. The last document in the Masonic archive is the last list of those present at the session of the lodge "Northern Star", February 25, 1965. This does not mean that this session was the last. They continued for another five or six years. It is characteristic that the Masons, who at one time left the United States and returned to France after the Second World War, apparently never returned to st. Kade. In this last list - all the surnames belong to the "third generation" of Russian Freemasonry, their average age was 60-65 years. Here is the list: M...R...., V. Grosser, A. Marshak, S. Grunberg, S. Der...sky, Gorbunov, A. Orlov, V. Marshak, A. Julius, A. Barlant, A. Shimunek (indecipherable - perhaps this is Shishunok), I. Fidder, T.S ...., A, Poznyak, G. Gazdanov, Petrovsky, S. Lutsky.

After the rupture of the two Rites in 1959, how to understand the presence of brothers from the Grand Lodge at the session of the Grand Orient? Maybe whoever wanted to came, and no one was asked where he came from, and whether he had the right to be present in the temple? If this is true, then not only the ability to compromise was lost, but also the sense of Masonic discipline.

17 people attended the session in 1965, according to the last list above. It must be taken with caution, it is composed carelessly and does not inspire much confidence. But we don't have another. S.P. Theakston told me in Paris in 1960: "Some are paralyzed and confused by the consciousness of an approaching end that we are powerless to fight." Of these 17 people, half remained by 1970. And then something happened that was supposed to happen: five people came to one of the sessions. Who they were is unknown. Was there at least one Master among them - the All-Wise, the Venerable, or at least only the Secret? But the letter of the law since St. Tybalt demanded that there be seven of them in the temple. And the French Great East took away their premises from the Russian brothers, following the letter of the law. And that was the end of Russian Freemasonry in exile.

SOVIET MASONS.

"The program for the activities of agents of influence in the USSR was personally developed by Freemason A. Dulles, the future director of the CIA. Having become a Freemason while still studying at Princeton, Dulles already in the mid-20s reaches the 33rd degree and other Masonic regalia. In 1927 he becomes one of the directors of the international Masonic coordinating center - the Council on Foreign Relations, in 1933 he receives the key post of secretary, and since 1946 - the president of this organization.

"The first contacts of the future leaders of the CPSU with Freemasonry date back to the sixties and seventies. M.S. Gorbachev had contact with Freemasonry, apparently, during his vacation in Italy, where Masonic lodges controlled by the CIA were then operating, which aimed to contain communism (in particular, the famous "Propaganda-2" lodge, headed by CIA agent L. Jelly). A. N. Yakovlev's contacts with Freemasonry date back to the time of his stay in the USA and Canada.

"The first published news about M. Gorbachev's affiliation with freemasons appears on February 1, 1988 in the German small-circulation magazine Mer Licht" ("More Light"). Similar information is published in the New York newspaper "New Russian Word" (December 4, 1989) However, the strongest evidence of Gorbachev's belonging to Freemasonry is his close contacts with the leading representatives of the world Masonic government and joining one of the main mondialist structures - the Trilateral Commission. "J. Soros, who in 1987 formed the so-called Soros Foundation-Soviet Union, from which the Soviet-American Cultural Initiative Foundation later grew."

“Gorbachev’s accession to the Trilateral Commission should be attributed to January 1989. The meeting of the main architects of Soviet perestroika and the “brothers” who worked for the “good” of the “Architect of the Universe” and the “new world order” took place in Moscow. The Trilateral Commission was represented by its chairman David Rockefeller (also head of the Council on Foreign Relations), Henry Kissinger (head of B'nai B'rith), J. Bertoine, V. Giscard d'Estaing and J. Nakasone. A. Yakovlev, E. Shevardnadze, G. Arbatov, E. Primakov, V. Medvedev and some others. As a result of secret negotiations, agreements were developed on joint activities, the nature of which at that time was not clear to anyone. However, everything became clear in the end the same year, when, in the same composition of his associates as at the meeting with the delegation of the Trilateral Commission, M. Gorbachev met with President D. Bush on the island of Malta. It was in Malta, the capital of the Order of the Knights of Malta, whose cavaliers are members of the Trilateral Commission and the Bilderberg Club, as if symbolizing a new stage in relations between the world behind the scenes and the leadership of the CPSU.

"The year 1990 becomes fatal in the history of Russia. In a short time, the system of governing the country is changing. Taking advantage of the transition period, Gorbachev and his associates from the former Politburo (Yakovlev, Shevardnadze, Medvedev, Primakov), where all the most important issues of domestic and foreign policy were decided ", in fact, they completely usurp power in the country. A conscious dismantling and destruction of many state structures is being carried out, and instead of them, shadow backstage authorities are being created, and above all Masonic lodges and organizations."

"It is characteristic that the first official Masonic structure that arose in the USSR was the international Jewish Masonic lodge B'nai B'rith. Permission to open it was received personally from Gorbachev at the request of one of the leaders of the order, H. Kissinger. L'Arche reported that a 21-member delegation from the French branch of B'nai B'rith, led by President Marc Aron, visited Moscow from December 23 to 29, 1988. The first lodge of this order was organized during the visit and by May it consisted of 63 members. By the same time, two more lodges were established in Vilnius and Riga, and later in St. Petersburg, Kyiv, Odessa, Nizhny Novgorod, Novosibirsk.

“Since 1989, the Freemasons have carried out a widespread and even in a sense open campaign to promote subversive Masonic ideas and recruit new members in Russia. In March 1991, the CIA-funded Radio Liberty calls on residents of the USSR to establish contact for entry into Masonic lodges. The host of the program, F. Salkazanova, gave the address at which Soviet citizens could sign up for a Masonic lodge in Paris. attractive, they called it "Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin" (although the great Russian poet was not a Freemason).The "brothers" from this lodge who spoke in the program called for the moral and spiritual improvement of society, considering the United States as a model, which was based "from the very beginning Masonic principles.

"The Freemasons of France are striving to 'lay their stone in the construction of democracy in Eastern and Central Europe.'" Grand Master of the Masonic Grand Orient of France, J.R. East intend to this end to increase the necessary material and financial efforts.After a while, the Grand Master comes to Moscow, and later visits St. Petersburg to organize the correct Masonic work there.At the same time, the Grand National Lodge of France also operates.In April 1991, she dedicated two citizens of Russia who became the organizers of the Russian lodge "Northern Star".

Illuminati, freemasons, dollar and owl. Especially for fans of the world conspiracy theory

"The day before the start of the August coup d'état in 1991, a member of the Pushkin lodge, already mentioned by me, arrived in Moscow from Paris, who emigrated from Odessa in 1922 (his name was kept secret). 8 more members of this lodge came to Moscow with him. Despite on disturbing events, this Masonic emissary opens on August 30, 1991 a new lodge "Novikov".

"As a result of the coup d'état in August-December 1991, the plans of the world behind the scenes were achieved. The world behind the scenes awards B.N. Yeltsin with the title that almost every member of the world Masonic government wears - Knight Commander of the Order of Malta. He receives it on November 16, 1991. No longer embarrassed, Yeltsin poses for reporters in the full garb of a knight-commander. In August 1992, Yeltsin signs Decree No. 827 "On the restoration of official relations with the Order of Malta."

"Relying on high support, Masonic lodges are growing like mushrooms in Russia. The first such organization in Russia was the Rotary International Masonic Club, which is widespread in Western countries, the opening of which was announced on June 6, 1990 in a report on the television program "Vremya." "White Freemasons" of the first call in this club are the heads of the administrations of Moscow and St. Petersburg Luzhkov and Sobchak, the banker Gusinsky, the well-known democratic functionaries M. Bocharov, A. Ananyev, Yu. "Cribble Institute and Similar Institutions".

"The so-called International Russian Club (IRC), created in 1992, is also a match for Rotary. This club was headed by M. Bocharov and Yeltsin's former press secretary P. Voshchanov. It included a number of well-known people, for example, Minister of Justice I. Fedorov , international deputy E. Ambartsumov, member of the Masonic commission "Greater Europe", businessman Svyatoslav Fedorov, former head of state security V. Ivanenko, general K. Kobets, member of the Presidential Council A. Migranyan. According to the charter, the club consists of forty people, and each no more than a third can be added for a year, and each entrant is obliged to obtain three recommendations.

"Based on the model of one of the main organizations of the world behind the scenes - the Bilderberg Club - in 1992 its Russian counterpart, the Magisterium Club, was created, initially uniting about 60 "brothers" in spirit. The key figure in this Masonic underground was the already mentioned J. Soros, who placed the article "Big money makes history" in the first issue of the secret bulletin of this club. Other key figures of the club are the patriarchs of the Masonic movement in the former USSR A. Yakovlev and E. Shevardnadze. A. Sobchak, V. V. Ivanov are also represented in the "Magisterium" , S. Shatalin and others".

“A number of funds and clubs of a lower rank are being created in Russia. The most typical example of such an organization is the Interaction reform club, which brings together entrepreneurs, heads of banking, stock exchange institutions, and major government officials. The club was headed by E. T. Gaidar, as well as A. B. Chubais, K. N. Borovoy, L. I. Abalkin, E. G. Yasin, A. P. Pochinok, E. F. Saburov, O. R. Latsis, etc. Among the members of the club were B. G. Fedorov, S. N. Krasavchenko, N. P. Shmelev, S. S. Shatalin Close to the Interaction club is the International Fund for Economic and Social Reforms, headed by S. S. Shatalin. L. I. Abalkin and V. V. Bakatin.

"In 1993, another Masonic-type organization was created - the Order of the Eagle. Among the main founders are a well-known financial swindler, the head of the Stolichny bank, previously convicted A. Smolensky, banker P. Nakhmanovich, entrepreneur V. Neverov, one of the leaders of the international Masonic movement M. Shakkum, as well as such chess players G. Kasparov, S. Solovyov, sculptor Z. Tsereteli".

MASONS OF MODERN RUSSIA

There are Masonic lodges in Russia, one of the Masons, Andrey Bogdanov, even ran for the presidential election in 2008. The official website of the Grand Lodge of Russia is quite open to readers and points out, without prejudice, to its leaders and its structure. Maybe these people know something, maybe they are initiated, but they do not open up. But IT IS VERY PROBABLE THAT all this is not what was once the essence of real Masonic processes.

Now a closed political process also exists: there are closed groups, societies, structures that make very serious decisions - financial, political and military. But I would not dare to call them Masons. Maybe they use the principles of closed secret societies, but it is unlikely that this is accompanied by paraphernalia and oaths, as before.

Platonov's book "Russia Under the Power of Freemasons" seriously states that during perestroika, a number of famous people were agents of the influence of US Freemasons. To what extent does this reflect reality? The former adviser to the chairman of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, retired major general of militia, Doctor of Law Vladimir Ovchinsky answers:

Doesn't reflect, says Ovchinsky. “I think Platonov gives out wishful thinking as real. There, of course, there were some secret agreements between certain people. The same Alexander Yakovlev (whom the author refers to as Masons) in his memoirs, written before his death, says that all his life he wanted to break the back of the communist system, imperial statehood. In fact, a member of the Politburo, an ideologue of the CPSU, declares that he has worked all his life against what he serves. But to call him a Freemason?! We have no evidence for this."

IS PUTIN A MASON? The answer, to some disappointment, is no. "Here is Berberova's archive - these are genuine documents. (download)

They list the names of Freemasons from the beginning of the 20th century - people themselves talk about this, there are witnesses. This is reality. There are materials from the investigation into the case of the Decembrists, which was conducted by Benckendorff - he fought against Masons and secret societies. Everything is proven here. According to the French Revolution, there is also a lot of evidence of Masonic conspiracies. The influence of Freemasons on the formation of the United States is not just a fact, it is the national and cultural pride of America. As for accusing our political leaders of Freemasonry, one must have grounds for this, but there are none. There are proven facts, and there is the current reality. How strong the Masons are in Russia, now it is not known for sure."

OTHER FORCES ARE OPERATING IN MODERN RUSSIA, the basis of which are the special services and world capital. But are people working in the special services members of Masonic organizations? This is the next question, however, which can be answered quite positively. They are not only members of international Freemasonry, but are sometimes also in the service of foreign intelligence services.

The book of the former CIA officer L. Gonzalez-Mata "True Masters of the World" lists the powerful of this world belonging to Masonic organizations, including CIA founder Allen Dulles, Bilderberg Club Secretary General Joseph Retinger, former President of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development Jacques Attali, US Presidents Harry Truman, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford and George Bush, head of the Trilateral Commission David Rockefeller and many others.

In Russia, these include dozens of politicians and businessmen who belong not only to regular lodges, but also to closed clubs that belong to the so-called "white Freemasonry".

What are they all after? In words - quite noble goals. The Grand Master of the Grand Orient of France, Jean-Rebert Ragache, at a meeting with journalists in 1991, said that the Freemasons of France are striving to "lay their stone in building democracy in Eastern and Central Europe." He was concerned about "the resurgence of separatist and irredentist sentiments in Eastern Europe" and "the desire of the Church to bring about a new evangelization."

To achieve this lodge, the Grand Orient of France allocated 1.2 million francs, the Grand Lodge of France - 300 thousand francs, the Grand National Lodge of France - a set of swords, aprons and orders.

The donation, frankly, is ridiculous compared to what was presented by the Order of Malta to Potanin and Ignatiev. Therefore, there are secret items of expenditure, and other secret goals. Which? Alas, there is no definitive answer.
It is known, for example, that the Order of Malta, represented in Russia by Jacques Masson, is vitally interested in the Russian military-industrial complex.

They, these organizations, are still closed to the uninitiated. And therefore, special services, builders of the new order and ordinary swindlers will work under their "roof" for a long time to come.

The history of Russian Freemasonry is replete with ups and downs in the views and influence of various conspirators on the power structures. Tsarism provided good food for the spread of the Masonic ideology. They lived well after the October Revolution, given the number of Jews at the helm of power.
The long post-war period reduced their numbers through repression and emigration. But immigrants from Russia/USSR have replenished the number of Masonic lodges in Europe.

Briefly about the influence of world Freemasonry

European scientists modeled through mathematical analysis the face and essence of transnational corporations. They provide only a fifth of the world's revenue. But with groups of partners affiliated with them, they own most of the companies in the real sector of the world economy.

Their richest owners (the Morgan, Rothschild, Rockefeller families) are the creators of Freemasonry, as well as almost a dozen structures, the so-called world rulers. On whose "donations" conspiracies against objectionable governments are in practice carried out.

Ivan Perfilievich Elagin - founder of the first Masonic lodge in Russia

Freemasons in the Russian government (surnames)

The second life in the Russian Federation of this conspiratorial community arose in the early 90s of the last century. The world freemasonry took advantage of the era of political and economic vacillation of an independent country. It was not difficult for him to use his secret and veiled means to create lodges, circles, to train new Russian politicians and economists in his systems.

The latter became agents of Western influence, corrupting the country from within. The Russian Freemasons of the middle of the last century - Bernstein, Niedermiller, Lebedev, Grunberg - were no match for the new replenishment of Russian Freemasonry. Namely politicians Sobchak, Chubais, Yavlinsky, Gorbachev (president of the USSR, although not for long), Yeltsin (president of the Russian Federation), academician Abalkin. As well as hundreds of other Russian Freemasons, who were trained in person and in absentia in Western structures, often under the wing of special services.

They overcame the Program of activities of agents of influence of the CIA and ways of intoxicating the masses in the right direction. And in each case it was determined by the European lodges and the World Government. Promoted through prominent Freemasons. The so-called privatization of state-owned enterprises in Russia is just one example of this. Its guides - Chubais, Yavlinsky, Gaidar achieved their goal: billionaires appeared on the blood and sweat of more than a hundred million citizens of the country.

Like the Bilderberg Club of Freemasons, a Russian copy is being created - the Magisterium Club. It was in the secret bulletin of the club that an article by the dangerous world philanthropist J. Soros appeared about crazy dollars making history. A similar fund "Interaction" was maintained by major government officials E. Gaidar, K. Borovoy, E. Yasin, A. Pochinok, V. Bakatin and other agents of influence in the Russian government.

All about one of the most secret and powerful associations in the world

Masons are the most closed society in the world. There are rumors about the amazing wealth of Freemasons, about their powerful influence on world politics, about their involvement in the overthrow of monarchs and revolutions ... In a word, there are more than enough myths around "freemasons". Which of them are true?

Where did they come from

The exact date of the origin of the Masonic organization is known - June 24, 1717. On this day, the first lodge of "freemasons" began its work in England. The four societies that were at that time in London were called in the same way as the taverns in which their participants used to gather: “Goose and a baking sheet”, “Crown”, “Apple”, “Grape brush”. On June 24, they solemnly united and became the Grand Lodge of London. This day is still celebrated as the main holiday of the Masons.

Later, representatives of the nobility, the intelligentsia, and businessmen began to join the society of Masons. Belonging to a secret brotherhood has become fashionable. In addition, the intellectuals liked the ideas of equality and brotherhood, the desire for spiritual perfection, preached by the Masons. Freemasons have developed their own rites and secret symbols that are still in effect today.

What are the goals

Why are Masonic lodges needed at all, what do they discuss when they get together, what tasks do they set for themselves?

As the Freemasons themselves explain, their first goal is to improve themselves and the world around them. Everyone who joins the lodge tirelessly works on himself, helping the other to become better: more educated, tolerant, understanding.

The second important goal of Freemasons is charity. In some states, Masonic lodges include hundreds of thousands of people, many of whom are very wealthy, they open hospitals in the Third World countries, provide assistance to the sick, and finance the work of educational institutions.

What is behind their rituals

Masons are sometimes called almost a religious sect. These thoughts are prompted by intriguing rumors about the mysterious, beautiful, and deeply meaningful rites of the Masonic lodge. For example, the head of the Lodge is called the “Venerable Master”, they call each other “brothers”, it is impossible for an uninitiated person to get to the meeting - the place and time are kept in such a secret. And yet it is not a sect. Moreover, Freemasons avoid talking about religion. And the mechanisms developed over the centuries do not allow the Order of Freemasons to turn into a religious sect. For example, the leaders of the lodge are constantly changing - the Venerable Master cannot remain so for more than three years.

Their secrets

Neither Freemasonry as a whole, nor its individual lodges hide the very fact of their own existence. In addition, any member of the Lodge has the right to declare his affiliation to the Freemasons quite openly.

But he has no right to say the same about other Freemasons - disclosure is under the strictest ban.

It is supposed to keep secret words and signs by which Masons recognize each other, special rituals.

They and politics

Masons are believed to rule the world. Most likely, this is a strong exaggeration caused by long-standing rumors about the "Jewish Masonic conspiracy." Yes, in many countries very influential people are members of the brotherhood. However, Masons are not involved in politics - they have other goals. By tradition, almost all US presidents were Freemasons: it is not for nothing that even dollar bills have a Masonic sign.

In Russia, quite different connections are valued today. Of course, domestic Freemasons would like prominent politicians, oligarchs, and big businessmen to belong to their order. But do politicians and oligarchs need old romantic rites and philosophical conversations? Do they have time for this? And do they want their names to be mentioned in connection with some secret meetings and projects? Very doubtful.

How to get there

As already mentioned, Masons have the right to speak openly about their belonging to the order. If anyone who wants to join knows about it, he must take the initiative, no one will invite him, because campaigning is prohibited.

If a person really wants to join the order, but he doesn’t have a single freemason he knows, it doesn’t matter: today you can find information about lodges on the Internet and apply by e-mail. She will be considered. The candidate ("profane") will need 2-3 guarantors, and he will also have to go through an ancient rite of passage, described in detail in the novel L. Tolstoy"War and Peace". At present, the rituals have not changed much. The members of the lodge vote, and three votes "against" are enough for the candidate to be forever closed this way.

If it becomes clear that a person, striving for the Lodge, is pursuing material gain or wants to achieve social benefits, the road there is blocked for him. Real Masons strive for one thing: to reveal their spiritual potential and help others.

Men's Privilege

Ladies are not allowed to enter Masonic lodges. This is how it happened historically. Although today in some countries “mixed lodges” are beginning to be practiced, where women are allowed.

Which celebrity was a Freemason?

This can only be said with some degree of probability, given the strict secrecy of such data. In Russia, it is customary to refer to Masons, for example, A.S. Pushkin, A.V. Suvorova, N.M. Karamzin, A.S. Griboyedov, A.F. Kerensky, N.S. Gumilyov.

By the way: One of the legends says that Mozart in his opera The Magic Flute, he spoke about the secrets of the Masonic lodge, for which he was killed. To this day, Masons treat this work with special reverence. When Mozart's The Magic Flute, in particular, the Master's aria, once again sounds at the Vienna Opera, several dozen listeners stand up in the hall, as if by agreement. These are Masons.

"A freemason in Russia is more than a freemason." First of all, he is the “sun of Russian poetry”, an invincible commander, a classic of Russian literature, the creator of the “History of the Russian State”, the head of the Provisional Government, and only in the second, and sometimes third, a freemason.

January 7, 1761 Suvorov was promoted to the Scottish masters of the Masonic lodge "To the Three Crowns". The first lodge of Freemasons was founded in London on June 24, 1717. Freemasonry spread from Great Britain to other countries, including Russia, where Masons enjoyed great influence in the 18th and first third of the 19th centuries. There was a tradition among Russian Masons that the first Masonic lodge in Russia was founded by Peter the Great. To many, the absence of social inequality between the brothers, the protection of the interests of the brothers by all members of the lodge seemed an attractive idea. At their meetings, the lodges discussed various theoretical and practical issues, played the role of political clubs and philosophical societies at the same time. Masons have traditions, symbols, Masons have come up with a new story for themselves, dating back to the construction of Solomon's temple. Russian Freemasonry set itself the task of "knowledge of the secrets of being" through Christian tolerance and the "obligation of conciliar work", which included self-improvement, spiritual creativity, and enlightenment. We decided to talk about the most famous Russian Freemasons.

SUVOROV

Suvorov was admitted to the Masonic Order in 1761. At that time, Freemasonry had not yet won wide sympathy, so Suvorov joined the Brotherhood not on the wave of fashion, but out of deep spiritual necessity, and was one of the first Russian freemasons. At the same time, he not only joined the Brotherhood, but went through several stages: Suvorov was initiated and promoted to the third degree of a master in St. Petersburg. And although only a few documents speak of his belonging to the order - in particular, in the list of the Königsberg Lodge dated March 16, 1761, recently discovered in the archive of the Grand National Lodge of Three Globes in Berlin, Ober-Lieutenant Alexander von Suvorov is listed at number 6 - well-known circumstances his life: religiosity, asceticism, the struggle with passions, especially characteristic of Freemasonry of that period, testify to this.

KUTUZOV

In 1779, the commander Kutuzov joined the lodge "To the Three Keys" in Regensburg. He came to seek in the brotherhood "the strength to fight the passions and the keys to the mysteries of the world." Traveling around Europe, he also entered the lodges of Frankfurt and Berlin, Moscow and St. Petersburg. Among historians, there is a version that it was Suvorov who recommended Kutuzov's Masonic brothers, who became for him not only a military man, but also a spiritual mentor. Kutuzov rose to high ranks and was one of the most influential members of the fraternity, linking his name to the lodge for more than 30 years. Upon initiation into the 7th degree of Swedish Freemasonry, Kutuzov received an order name - the Greening Laurel, and the motto - "Glorify yourself with victories", which became prophetic. Some historians of Freemasonry believe that it was the Masonic society that contributed to the appointment of Kutuzov as the leader of the forces in the fight against Napoleon, who seemed to the Masons of the early 19th century the embodiment of evil, love of power and violence. Masons considered it their duty to resist this evil.

PUSHKIN

In his diary, Pushkin made an entry in 1821: "On May 4, I was admitted to the Freemasons." He received initiation in the Ovid lodge in Chisinau, it was never recognized as official, and in November of the same year was forced to stop working. In addition, on August 1, 1822, Alexander I signed a decree banning Masonic lodges and all secret societies in general. Thus, Pushkin's initiation into Freemasonry was, as it were, unofficial, although it took place in compliance with all the subtleties of the ritual. Nevertheless, most historians are sure that Pushkin simply could not help but be a Freemason: the environment from which the poet came out was saturated with Masonic ideas. His father Sergei Lvovich and uncle Vasily Lvovich were members of the brotherhood, in the house they constantly read the magazines of the Masons N. Novikov and I. Lopukhin, the publications of A. Labzin and P. Beketov. Many pupils of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, where Pushkin studied, the poet's inner circle, people with whom he either often saw or, later, corresponded, became brothers of the St. Petersburg lodges. Exiled to the south, Pushkin met with many Masons: Raevsky, Pestel, S. Volkonsky and others. Perhaps, without formally participating in the work of any of the lodges, he was constantly in the company of Masons, participated in their conversations, so the symbolism of the lodge and the Masonic ritual was as clear to him as to those around him. Researchers of his work have repeatedly found the symbolism of masons in his poems and stories. In addition, before the funeral, Prince Vyazemsky put a glove into the poet's coffin as a sign of recognition of his brother in the bed.

CHAADAEV

Chaadaev was one of the brightest characters among the Masons. Few people could compare with him in terms of erudition, brilliant erudition, excellent memory and intellectual level. Pushkin called him the smartest man in Russia and recognized him as his teacher. The formation of Chaadaev's philosophical outlook was greatly influenced by the works of his relative, Prince M. M. Shcherbatov, who at one time was a very famous Freemason. Chaadaev himself was admitted to the Masonic lodge in 1814 in Krakow and reached one of the highest degrees of initiation into the order - the eighth degree of the "Secret White Brothers of John's Lodge" out of nine possible. However, being a man of very independent judgments, not recognizing any doctrines, in 1821 Chaadaev became disillusioned with Freemasonry and left the lodge. The reasons that prompted to move away from Freemasonry, Chaadaev outlined in a letter. It seemed to him that the rituals of the masons were empty, and the brothers preferred talking about intentions instead of actions.

Kerensky

Alexander Kerensky is considered one of the most prominent representatives of Freemasonry of the 20th century. At the end of 1912, he was accepted as a member of the Great East of the Peoples of Russia Masonic lodge, which was not recognized by others as a Masonic organization, since it set political activity as a priority for itself. Radicals were strong in the organization, who advocated a republican structure of the state. Among the three hundred members of this Masonic lodge were representatives of almost all political parties and deputies of the State Duma of the Russian Empire, who could quite successfully influence Russian politics of that time. Four years later, in 1916, Kerensky was elected general secretary of the Masonic lodge. Historians believe that Kerensky's rapid political career, which began in 1917, is due to his influence and authority in the Masonic organization. After the February Revolution, Kerensky found himself simultaneously in two opposing bodies of power: in the first composition of the Provisional Government as Minister of Justice, and in the first composition of the Petrograd Soviet as deputy chairman. Then there was the post of military and naval minister of the Provisional Government, which was the peak of Kerensky's political career. After the Bolsheviks came to power, Kerensky emigrated from Russia.

It was not enough for the diplomat and writer Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov to be a member of the most numerous Masonic lodge of St. Petersburg "United Friends". He wanted to improve it, his letters and notes have been preserved about this. To be called, according to the project of Griboedov, this lodge was supposed to be “Good”. Instead of the official French language, the language of all its affairs was to be Russian, despite the fact that there were many foreigners in it. And this goal - the goal of enlightening Russia, spreading Russian letters - the members of the lodge should have seen as their first task. Griboedov was convinced that the forces expended on the pomp and gloomy solemnity of meetings, on ritualism, could be used with great intelligence. Griboyedov's projects show the seriousness of his attitude towards membership in the Masonic organization and, of course, his ambition and some idealism. By the way, he was not the only Freemason-diplomat, and connections among Freemasons contributed a lot to his diplomatic career. Unlike Karamzin or Chaadaev, Griboyedov never left the Masonic lodge - at least not with papers and a manifesto.

Nikolai Stepanovich Gumilyov is a member of the "Guild of Poets", an acmeist, which in itself is already associated with the ideas and symbols of Freemasonry, because the word "acme" contains the image of a stone, as well as "Cadmus" - a reference to Adam, "the first Freemason". The "shop of poets" was conceived as a "poetic lodge" headed by the "perfect master" Gumilyov. Many of Gumilyov's works (the play "Akteon", the collection "Quiver", "Gondla", the cycle "To the Blue Star" and, especially, "Pillar of Fire") contain Masonic motifs. It is assumed that in 1917 or 1918 Gumilyov was admitted to the "mystical lodge of English freemasons", but this is not known for certain. Although in one of the poet’s poems we meet: “Do you remember how before us / There was a temple, blackening in darkness, / Above the gloomy altars / Fire signs were burning. / Solemn, granite-winged / He guarded our sleepy city, / They sang in it hammers and saws, / Freemasons worked in the night ... ".

SO was recently published in the media: "Specialists from the University of Zurich conducted a mathematical analysis of the relationships of 43,000 transnational corporations and made a frightening conclusion: the world is ruled by one giant" supercorporation ".

It is she who "pulls the strings" of the global economy.

To model the image of the global corporate system, the experts processed a huge amount of data reflecting the ownership relations between the largest transnational corporations.

Previous studies have shown that a relatively small group of companies and banks own the lion's share of the global "economic pie", from which everyone else is left with only crumbs.

However, these studies have overlooked indirect relationships - the relationship of corporations with subsidiaries and affiliates.

A model was built for the distribution of the economic influence of TNCs through the control of some companies over others: ownership of funds, participation in profits, etc.

Most of these "supercorporations" are financial institutions. So, entered the top 10:

1. Barclays plc

2. Capital Group Companies Inc.

3. FMR Corporation

5 State Street Corporation

6JP Morgan Chase & Co

7. Legal & General Group plc

8Vanguard Group Inc.

10 Merrill Lynch & Co Inc.

LET'S GO TO THE RUSSIAN MASONS.

It is characteristic that the Masons, who at one time left the United States and returned to France after the Second World War, apparently never returned to st. Kade. In this last list - all the surnames belong to the "third generation" of Russian Freemasonry, their average age was 60-65 years.

Here is the list: M...R...., V. Grosser, A. Marshak, S. Grunberg, S. Der...sky, Gorbunov, A. Orlov, V. Marshak, A. Julius, A. Barlant, A. Shimunek (indecipherable - perhaps this is Shishunok), I. Fidder, T.S ...., A, Poznyak, G. Gazdanov, Petrovsky, S. Lutsky.

SOVIET MASONS.

As a result of secret negotiations, agreements were worked out on joint activities, the nature of which at that time was not clear to anyone. However, everything became clear at the end of the same year, when, in the same composition of his associates as at the meeting with the delegation of the Trilateral Commission, M. Gorbachev met with President D. Bush on the island of Malta. The conclusion of an important agreement in Malta, the capital of the Order of the Knights of Malta, whose cavaliers are members of the Trilateral Commission and the Bilderberg Club, as if symbolized a new stage in relations between the world behind the scenes and the leadership of the CPSU.

“Since 1989, the Masons have carried out a widespread and even in a sense open campaign to promote subversive Masonic ideas and recruit new members in Russia. In March 1991, the CIA-funded Radio Liberty calls on residents of the USSR to establish contact to join Masonic lodges. The host of the program, F. Salkazanova, gave the address where Soviet citizens could sign up for a Masonic lodge in Paris, which was not a simple one, but was created specifically to "promote the spread of Freemasonry in Russia" and recreate a "Masonic structure" there.

To make this lodge attractive, they called it "Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin" (although the great Russian poet was not a Freemason). The “brothers” from this lodge who spoke in the program called for the moral and spiritual improvement of society, considering the United States as a model, which were based “from the very beginning on Masonic principles.”

After some time, the Grand Master arrives in Moscow, and later visits St. Petersburg to organize the correct Masonic work there. In parallel, the Grand National Lodge of France also operates. In April 1991, she initiated two Russian citizens into her ranks, who became the organizers of the Russian lodge "Northern Star".

MASONS OF MODERN RUSSIA

IS PUTIN A MASON? The answer, to some disappointment, is no. "Here is Berberova's archive - these are genuine documents. (download)

In Russia, these include dozens of politicians and businessmen who belong not only to regular lodges, but also to closed clubs that belong to the so-called "white Freemasonry".

It is known, for example, that the Order of Malta, represented in Russia by Jacques Masson, is vitally interested in the Russian military-industrial complex.

They, these organizations, are still closed to the uninitiated. And therefore, special services, builders of the new order and ordinary swindlers will work under their "roof" for a long time to come.