Matveeva Maria Vitalievna Resource of national self-consciousness

Methodical development

class hour

« Money in Russia: charity and corruption»

Rostov-on-Don

Explanatory note

Benefactors are disinterested and generous people who are not indifferent to other people's suffering. All over the world, charitable foundations support the seriously ill and the poor; hospitals, educational institutions and research centers are built with the money of philanthropists. Thanks to the selfless work of benefactors, this world is becoming better and kinder. Russia has always been proud of benefactors and patrons. Fortunately, even now there are people in our country who are ready to donate their money to good deeds, to help those in need. However, in modern Russia, not a single good deed can do without this very “BUT”. And this “BUT” is corruption, which we often hear about from television and the media. And since both concepts are associated with money, each should be understood.

In this regard, the relevance classroom topics"Money in Russia: Charity and Corruption" is obvious and beyond doubt.

Purpose of class

Event objectives:

Educational tasks:

– obtaining knowledge about money and its properties;

– obtaining knowledge about the concept of corruption and its origins;

Gaining knowledge about the concept of charity;

– consideration of the activities of the ten largest charitable foundations in Russia.

Didactic tasks:

-creation of a spiritual, creative atmosphere conducive to the development of the creative potential of students, as well as memory and speech-thinking activity;

- expanding the horizons of students.

Educational tasks:

– fostering responsibility for one's own health, the health of the family and society;

– education of mutual assistance, responsibility for oneself and team members;

- fostering a sense of tolerance, the ability to respect the opinions of others.

To achieve the goals during the class hour, interactive, verbal method and method problematic situation. The class is held at form group and individual work.

Location: class.

Participants of the event: students of group No. 3 specialty "Hairdressing".

Equipment: computer, projector, handout.

Software: programs "MicrosoftOfficePowerPoint", "MicrosoftOfficeWord".

The feasibility of using a media product:

visibility;

Efficiency;

Increasing motivation for the learning process.

References:

1. The history of the formation of charity. Scientific library. – Access mode: www.f-mx.ru 2. Children on the Internet: [Electronic resource]. – Access Mode: http://detionline.com/mts/exhibition. 3. Ten largest charitable foundations in Russia: [Electronic resource]. – Access mode: ria.ru

Class plan:

1. Organizational stage.

2. Introductory word of the teacher. Preparing students for work at the main stage.

3. The main part. Learning new material.

4. The stage of primary verification of understanding of what has been learned.

5. The stage of control of assimilation, discussion of the mistakes made and their correction.

6. Summing up the class hour.

7. Reflection.

Class time course:

1. Organizational stage.

At this stage, the teacher sets up students to work together. The teacher introduces the children to the rules of working in groups.

Students receive handouts.

2. Introductory word of the teacher. Preparing students for work at the main stage.

Good afternoon! As part of today's class hour, you will work individually and in groups.

The theme of the class hour: "Money in Russia: Charity and Corruption." I ask you to state the purpose of the class hour.

So, purpose of today's extracurricular activity– formation and refinement of knowledge about the concepts of charity and corruption, the origins of development and modern trends.

Guys, before talking about such concepts as charity and corruption - answer the question, what definition connects these two concepts?

Guys, try to define the term money.

The students give their definition of the term, then the teacher highlights the slide with the correct definition and asks one of the students to read it.

Money- a means of payment for goods and services, a means of measuring value, as well as a means of storing value.

What is money for and what functions of money do you know?

Money performs the following five functions.

1. The function of money as a measure of value. Money as a universal equivalent measures the value of all goods. What makes all commodities commensurable is the socially necessary labor expended in their production.

2. The function of money as a medium of circulation.

In direct commodity exchange (goods for goods), purchase and sale coincided in time and there was no gap between them. Commodity circulation includes two independent acts separated in time and space. The role of an intermediary that allows to bridge the gap in time and space and ensure the continuity of the production process is played by money.

3. The function of money as a means of accumulation and savings. Money, providing its owner with the receipt of any product, becomes the universal embodiment of social wealth. So, people have a desire to save them.

4. The function of money as a means of payment. Money as a means of payment has a specific flow pattern (C-DO-C) that is not related to the oncoming movement of goods: goods - an urgent promissory note - money.

5. The function of world money. In the role of world money, it functions as a universal means of payment, a universal means of purchase, and a universal materialization of social wealth.

World money was gold as a means of regulating the balance of payments and credit money of individual states, exchanged for gold: mainly the US dollar and the British pound sterling.

We have dealt with money and its functions. Now let us turn to the study of the concepts of charity and corruption.

The beginning of charitable activity in Russia is considered to be 988 - the date of the baptism of Russia. With the adoption of Christianity with one of its main commandments - about love for one's neighbor - for the first time in Russia they started talking about the charity of the poor, which then found its expression in the distribution of alms to the poor. Prince Vladimir, introducing Christianity in Russia, was deeply imbued with its provisions, addressed to the human soul. These provisions urged people to take care of their neighbor, to be merciful. Imbued with these provisions, Prince Vladimir ordered food and water to be distributed from the prince's treasury, and for those who could not reach the prince's court, alms were carried by special carts.

Grand Duke Yaroslav Vladimirovich, who ascended the throne in 1016, introduced special sections related to charity into the Church and Zemsky charters. “The brilliant and happy reign of Yaroslav left in Russia a monument worthy of a great monarch. This prince is credited with the oldest collection of our civil charters under the name of "Russian Truth". He was the first to issue laws written in the Slavic language, which did not suppose any difference between the Russians of the Varangian tribe and the Slavs.

With personal funds, he founded a school for orphans. Under Yaroslav, free medical care at monasteries became widespread. The charitable traditions of Yaroslav were continued by his sons Izyaslav and Vsevolod.

These trends in the development of public charity in Kievan Rus were interrupted, like the entire course of the historical process of the formation of Russian statehood, by the Tatar-Mongol invasion, which was a severe test for its vitality. In the conditions of the collapse of the unified state system and foreign domination, the Russian Orthodox Church objectively comes to the fore, from the point of view of preserving and uniting the spiritual forces of the people, which has become at the same time the only refuge for the poor, the elderly and the poor who need help. The Church, with its network of monasteries, quite widespread by that time, actually completely took over charitable functions, taking advantage of the fact that the Tatar khans, especially in the first period of domination over Russia, treated the clergy with respect, repeatedly gave letters (labels) to the Russian Metropolitans, liberated churches and monasteries from tributes and requisitions, left the care of the needy to the clergy. Thus, the church and monastery system of charity was developed and strengthened. And at the same time, from the traditions of princely poverty, as a form of princely law, a state system for protecting the needy is gradually being formed.

Tsar Ivan IV (the Terrible) took a number of measures aimed at legitimizing charity within the framework of state policy. In those days, the spending of the state treasury, which was also the royal treasury, was almost entirely under the control of the ruler, and in the absence of any social policy, any spending to help the poor could well be considered charity. Special laws were issued to help those in need. In a short time, a number of charitable institutions were created, financed both from the state treasury and from private donations. Mercy and charity became the main values of Orthodoxy: monasteries and church parishes maintained hospitals, orphanages, schools for orphans, libraries, and organized free lunches.

The first Russian tsar from the Romanov dynasty, Mikhail Fedorovich, instructed the patriarchal order to open orphanages. In 1635, Mikhail Fedorovich donated the land of the former "wretched house" (the place where the bodies of the dead were taken with a "bad death", that is, without repentance), for the new Intercession Monastery. Later, under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, special orders were created to care for the poor.

On the eve of Christmas and Easter, in commemoration of military victories or the birth of heirs, the king with his retinue visited prisons and almshouses, where he distributed alms. The tsar's example was followed by those close to him, the clergy, and noble citizens. Aleksey Mikhailovich did not do charity occasionally: pilgrims, holy fools, wanderers constantly lived in the royal palace on full provision.

In 1682, during the reign of Fyodor Alekseevich, a decree was issued on the opening of houses for homeless children, where they taught literacy, craft, and sciences. In the same year, two almshouses were opened in Moscow, and by the end of the century there were already ten of them in the capital.

Much attention was paid to the construction of hospitals, almshouses, and various kinds of shelters by the great reformer of Russia, Peter I. In 1706, Metropolitan Job, not far from Veliky Novgorod, established a shelter for illegitimate children. Peter approved this undertaking and allocated income from several monastic estates for the maintenance of the shelter. Soon, shelters for illegitimate children were opened in other cities of Russia.

Private philanthropy developed especially widely in the second half of the 19th century. By the 1890s, 75% of funds spent on charitable causes came from private donations. Initially, the main donors and patrons were representatives of aristocratic families. So, Prince D.M. Golitsyn financed the construction of a hospital in Moscow, Count N.P. Sheremetev built the Hospice House at his own expense. By the end of the XIX century. social assistance in Russia was distinguished by a variety of forms and levels: urban charitable societies, rural communities, and zemstvos were engaged in public charity. Charity societies for peasants and nursery shelters were opened in the villages. In the cities, a system of guardianship of the poor was established. Within the framework of city government, special committees were created. Charity has become such a large-scale social phenomenon that in 1892 a special commission was created, which was in charge of the legislative, financial and even class aspects of charity. At the end of the century, among wealthy industrialists and wealthy merchants, it becomes fashionable to invest in the development of culture and art. Museums, libraries, schools, art galleries, exhibitions - this is the range of charitable activities of Russian patrons, whose names have forever entered the history of Russia: the Tretyakovs, Mamontovs, Bakhrushins, Morozovs, Prokhorovs, Shchukins, Naydenovs, Botkins and many others.

The tradition of Russian charity was broken by the revolution of 1917. The ideology of the first revolution did not allow any form of charity. All funds of public and private charitable organizations were nationalized in a short time, their property was transferred to the state, and the organizations themselves were abolished by special decrees. In order to comply with the “revolutionary order”, any private (as well as public) charitable activities were suppressed.

Then the state again completely assumed the functions of charity, but collective work for the benefit of society (common forms - subbotnik, collection of waste paper and scrap metal, the movement of Timurov schoolchildren, assistance to pensioners) was welcomed.

Analyzing the history of the development of charity, we can conclude that, as a social phenomenon, it has gone through a rather difficult and long path of becoming in society. We traced how the forms of charitable activity changed from spontaneous individual to organized public. Of course, such rich historical experience influences the development of charity in modern society.

Guys, let's try to formulate a definition of the concept of charity?

Students express their points of view.

Charity- Providing assistance (gratuitous or on preferential terms) to those who need it. The main feature of charity is the voluntary choice of the type, time and place, as well as the content of assistance.

Tell the guys, have you participated in any charity events or projects?

The students answer the question.

Quite often in newspapers and magazines, on radio and television we hear about charitable foundations and projects. What are the largest charitable foundations you know of and what do they do?

Students express their points of view.

Ten largest charitable foundations in Russia.

Charitable Foundation "Art, Science and Sport" founded by Russian entrepreneur Alisher Usmanov in 2005. The Foundation specializes in helping sick children, supporting sports organizations, as well as theaters and museums. This year, the fund spent about 13.75 billion rubles on the implementation of various projects. Funding sources are Usmanov's personal funds, as well as money allocated by companies controlled by him.

Charitable Foundation "Systema" was established in 2003 for the charitable activities of the corporation of the same name and its subsidiaries. The main areas of activity of the foundation include science, culture and art, sports and social development. Every year, the fund spends about three billion rubles to support more than 50 projects. The fund receives funds from commercial organizations, as well as from individuals.

Russian Assistance Fund (Rusfond) established in 1996 by the publishing house "Kommersant" to support those in need of help readers of the Kommersant newspaper. The founder and head of Rusfond is journalist Lev Ambinder. During the first half of this year, the fund managed to raise almost 607 million rubles, last year - more than 1.7 billion. Rusfond specializes in helping seriously ill children, promoting the development of civil society, and introducing high medical technologies. Funding sources - individuals and organizations.

Fund "Volnoe delo" founded by Russian businessman Oleg Deripaska in 1998. The Foundation is engaged in supporting projects in the field of science, education, culture, territorial development, healthcare and animal protection. In 2014, more than 441.7 million rubles were allocated for the fund's projects. According to Expert magazine, the fund is financed from the personal funds of Oleg Deripaska and deductions from the Basic Element group of companies.

Charitable Foundation of Mikhail Prokhorov, which became the first charitable organization in Russia with a regional work strategy, was founded by businessman Mikhail Prokhorov in 2004. The main goal is the systemic support of culture in the Russian regions. For 10 years of work, the fund's budget has exceeded two billion rubles. There is no exact information on sources of funding.

Elena and Gennady Timchenko Charitable Foundation established in 2010. The main activity of the foundation is the implementation of programs: "Older Generation", "Family and Children", "Sport", "Culture". For the first three years of operation, the fund's budget amounted to $330.2 million. The main source of funding for the fund is the personal funds of the Timchenko Family

Fund "Give Life" founded in 2006 by actresses Chulpan Khamatova and Dina Korzun. The scope of the fund is to help sick children. In 2015, the fund raised more than 326 million rubles. Sources of funding - Russian, international and foreign organizations, individuals in Russia and abroad, as well as "stateless persons".

Charitable Children's Fund "Victoria" founded in 2004 by Nikolai Tsvetkov, president of the Uralsib corporation. The Foundation specializes in helping children left without parental care and who find themselves in a difficult life situation. Expenses for charitable programs in 2013 amounted to more than 184 million rubles. There are no more recent data. According to the data for 2013, the sources of financing are also personal funds of Nikolai Tsvetkov, income from endowment, fundraising, funds of Uralsib Bank.

Charitable Foundation of Vladimir Potanin founded by entrepreneur Vladimir Potanin in 1999. The fund's area of activity is culture and education. The fund's budget is more than 300 million rubles a year. The fund is financed personally by Vladimir Potanin.

Charitable Foundation "Line of Life" created in 2004. The scope of activity is to help seriously ill children, as well as the formation of a culture of charity in society. In total, the fund collected more than 1.7 billion rubles for operations on sick children. Funding sources - funds allocated by individuals, donations from Russian and foreign companies.

Now let's turn to the consideration of a negative phenomenon - corruption.

According to the surviving records of the chroniclers, bribes appeared in Ancient Russia, and they immediately began to resolutely fight them. So, Metropolitan Kirill condemned bribery along with drunkenness and witchcraft, for which he insisted on punishing accordingly, that is, the death penalty (according to the records in Russkaya Pravda - “If the wife is a greenery, a sorceress, a prisoner, she should be executed”). The very first "anti-corruption legislation" in Russia was adopted in the reign of Ivan III. And his grandson Ivan IV the Terrible issued a decree, according to which presumptuous officials were to be immediately executed.

In the legal terminology of the 18th century, bribes were called "promises" (breaking the law for some fee). For them, the perpetrators were subjected to corporal punishment. For example, in 1654, Prince Alexei Kropotkin and clerk Ivan Semenov were whipped for extortion, taking money and a barrel of wine from merchants for a promise not to send them to Moscow, where they were to be resettled by decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich.

Under Peter I, bribe-takers were beaten with batogs, branded, exiled. However, their thirst for profit was ineradicable. According to contemporaries, Peter even threatened to issue a decree according to which anyone who steals money from the state, which can be used to buy a rope, will be hanged. However, fearing to be left without subjects at all (after all, at that time all civil servants were already stealing, up to Prosecutor General Yaguzhinsky), Peter did not issue such a decree, limiting himself to the order to hang only large bribe-takers.

The real fight against bribery began under Catherine II.

Catherine understood that words alone could not help the cause, and she had to act more decisively than her predecessors on the Russian throne, otherwise the country would be completely plundered. She again appointed officials salaries, but this time they were paid on time and were much higher than under Peter.

However, the greed of officials was stronger than the arguments of reason. So, when Catherine II was informed about the results of checks in the courts of the Belgorod province, she was so outraged by them that she issued a special decree to rebuke corrupt judges: “It was repeatedly repeated to the people by printed decrees that bribes and bribery corrupt justice and oppress the needy. This vice, rooted in the people, even during our accession to the throne, forced us ... to announce to the people our obscene exhortation, so that those who are still infected with this passion, administering judgment as the work of God, refrain from such evil, and in their case crimes and for that our exhortation would no longer expect our pardon. But, to our excessive regret, it was revealed that even now there were those who took bribes to the oppression of many and to the detriment of our interests, and what is most of all, being themselves in charge and obliged to represent an example of the preservation of laws by their subordinates, those same criminals also committed brought the same evil.

Under Paul I, the situation only worsened. Paper money (banknotes), which paid salaries to officials, began to depreciate, and employees again turned to the eternal source of their income - bribes. And diligently drew from it.

In the 19th century, corruption actually turned into a mechanism of state administration. It was especially toughened under Nicholas I. Thus, it is known for certain that the landowners of all the provinces of the Right-Bank Ukraine annually collected a considerable amount for the police.

Corruption flourished again under the NEP, when entrepreneurial activity re-emerged. At the same time, bribery began to be considered a form of counter-revolutionary activity, and counter-revolutionaries, as you know, were put up against the wall.

Later, by the end of the 1920s, the fight against corruption takes on the character of mass punitive campaigns.

And with the beginning of collectivization in 1929, bribery spread in the countryside.

Since corruption was considered a bourgeois relic, it was customary in the USSR to say that as socialism was built, this phenomenon “in our young state” gradually disappears. “Bribery,” a pamphlet published in 1957 to help lawyers, says, “in modern Soviet conditions has become a relatively rare occurrence.”

Guys, let's try to formulate a definition of the concept of corruption?

Students express their points of view.

Corruption- a term that usually denotes the use by an official of his powers and rights entrusted to him, as well as the authority, opportunities, connections associated with this official status for personal gain ...

I would like to recall the words of Dmitry Medvedev: “Corruption should not just be illegal. She must become indecent."

You have handouts on the tables. Let's examine some of the provisions of the UN Convention against Corruption.

Corruption is a global problem that has engulfed the whole world, worries everyone from top to bottom. Not in vain, the International Anti-Corruption Day was declared by the UN on December 9, the day of the opening of the signing of the UN Convention against Corruption (it was first celebrated on December 9, 2004). Then a world conference dedicated to the signing of the UN Convention against Corruption opened in Mexico.

Within three days, this new international document was signed by representatives of 100 states of the world. The Convention against Corruption was approved by the UN General Assembly on October 31, 2003.

The purpose of the Convention is to prevent and eradicate corruption. The UN believes that it undermines economic development, weakens democratic institutions and the rule of law, disrupts public order and destroys public confidence, thereby allowing organized crime, terrorism and other threats to human security to flourish.

Corruption has reached the lowest strata of society. Even the "bottom of society" solves its problems in a monetary way. Is this really a way for the survival of an official and a downtrodden bum? Who is to blame for all this connivance?

The worst thing will happen to the current generation, which is under the auspices of their parents. It basically repeats adults. And someday he will grow up .... Not everyone will be able to solve their problems with the help of money. Today, before it is too late, it is necessary to influence the mind of the child, to help make a choice in their actions, to understand: there is still something beautiful, good, eternal in the world. This is mutual assistance, friendship, mercy.

On February 1, 2007, Russia officially joined the Group of States against Corruption (GRECO). On May 7, 2009, our country signed an additional protocol to the Council of Europe Criminal Law Convention on Corruption. Without mass awareness by citizens of the colossal harm of corruption, serious positive changes cannot occur.

Now I ask you to split into two teams and complete the tasks.

The teacher divides the students into two teams and explains the task to be completed. Problem situations are highlighted on the board, for which the students of each team offer their own solutions, based on the information received during the lesson.

Team 1 - “Suggest your own ways to fight corruption”

Team 2 - “You have the opportunity to open a charitable foundation. What area or area will he be devoted to and to whom can he help?

Students prepare for a presentation and then present their project.

It should be noted that money is an integral part of human life, which means that such concepts as corruption and charity will be closely related to money.

Guys, please tell me the purpose of today's class hour? Has the goal been achieved? Thank you all for your work. See you again.

Good lesson.

Age of children: 7-8 years.

Class hour "Charity ... What is it?"

The purpose of the lesson: the formation of children's ideas about kindness, kindness, good, kind deeds, charity;

Lesson objectives:

teach children moral concepts: kindness, charity,

Cultivate mutual respect, polite treatment of others;

Develop children's creativity.

Forms of organizing children's activities: conversation, fantasy activity (fairy tale), making crafts (white paper flower)

Learning aids: computer, multimedia projector

Materials for children: white paper, scissors, glue, pencil

Lesson progress:

Organizing time

Beautiful fairies keep behind the forests
Huge crystal chest with miracles.
And if someone wants a miracle,
Then you can get this miracle from there.

Please sit down, guys, in your seats.

Conversation.

one). - Tell me, guys, would you like to find such a wonderful chest?

Of course, you all love miracles. There is a surprise in our magic chest - it's a fairy tale. It is unusual in that the wizard did not finish it. We will help him, but for this we will listen carefully ...
“In one small town, there lived a boy and a girl in the neighborhood. The guys recently turned 8 years old, they had the most ordinary appearance: short, thin, brown-eyed. The girl loved to swing and dream, and the boy liked to invent extraordinary stories in which he became a knight or a lifeguard. They often played together in the yard. But one day the boy found a magic hat in the yard. It looked like the most ordinary hat. But in fact, everyone who put it on gradually became invisible ... And the girl began to notice that every day she sees her friend less and less.

Sad lyrical music sounds.

What do you guys think, how will this fairy tale end?

I agree with you that good must overcome evil. But how? Let's come up with a continuation of this story together.

(The children are excited, they say that the girl is going to save a friend. There are a lot of answers. The teacher’s task is to build a coherent story with the help of leading questions, not to let them “go away” to the side. Lead the children to the idea that the whole world can save the boy. Be sure to come up with a happy end of story.)

2). Connection with reality.

Tell me, do people get sick in everyday life? Often? What should you do if you are sick?

Sometimes it is very difficult to cure the disease. As in our history, everyone needs help. Charity is “doing good,” good to help others, often strangers. If you gather many, many drops of dew together, you get the sea. And when many, many people put together a drop of kindness, you get an ocean of love. She will definitely save someone in this world.

Each of us can create a small miracle. Today in class we will make flowers out of white paper. Very soon our school will take part in the White Flower campaign. Your flowers will be exchanged for funds for sick children. Some of them will definitely get better!

3). Making a white paper flower.

We fold 2 sheets of A4 format 4 times, so that in the end we get 8 blanks. On the top sheet, draw the contours of the future flower.

Cut out pieces together. One petal must be cut from the first flower, two from the second, three from the third, etc.

The edges of all petals should be glued together.

4). Exhibition of student work.

5). Summarizing:

Tell me, how can you call a person who did not remain indifferent to someone else's grief?

What is charity?

To a happy world along a bright road
Only good people go without anxiety.
All good people, happy people
They work miracles and dream of a miracle.

Thank you for attention.

Thanks to the activities of the students of our class, the school took an active part in the action "White Flower". I still do not understand how we managed to collect 8 thousand rubles in 1 day. For some, such money is a trifle, but this is the first experience of such activity for us. My guys, despite such a young age, everyone wanted to be volunteers, distribute flowers on the street. There are 650 students in our school. Everyone was surprised at such interest and participation, because last year this action was not held at our school. Previously, flowers were made and taken to a church in our neighborhood. I hope we continue this good work.

2018 has been declared the Year of the Volunteer (Volunteer) in the Russian Federation, it will become the year of "all citizens of the country, whose will, energy, generosity is the main strength of Russia."

Thematic lesson (class hour) "Charity, volunteering, volunteering" introduces students to the history of the emergence of volunteering in Russia, to such concepts as volunteering and charity, to the activities of the Russian Red Cross Society (ROKK).

Session option [PDF ] [DOCX ]

Presentation [PDF] [PPTX]

Tasks for students (worksheet) [PDF] [DOCX]

Goals: formation of an active civic position, readiness for socially useful activities on the basis of volunteerism, as well as an indifferent attitude towards people in need of help, participation in the activities of public associations.

Tasks:

to cultivate the interest of students in socially significant social activities, indifferent attitude towards those in need of help;
to systematize students' knowledge about volunteers (volunteers);
motivate students to volunteer.

Exercise 1.

Answer the crossword questions on the worksheet.

In accordance with the answers received, formulate the topic of the class hour.

class theme "Charity, Volunteering, Volunteering".

Task 2.

Analyze the definitions of the words: “volunteering”, “charity”, “volunteering” and answer the questions.

What are the similarities between these activities? What are their specifics?

Task 3.

Explain the meaning of the statement of Vasily Osipovich Klyuchevsky, academician of the Imperial Academy of Sciences on Russian history and antiquities.

Task 4.

Read the text. Explain the meaning of the words:

"House of Charity"

"almshouse",

"weird houses".

Task 5.

Check out the text. Complete the task, answer the question.

What has changed in charitable activities compared to the previous period (see task 4).

Justify your answer.

Task 6.

6.1. Fill in the missing words in the text using the suggestions.

The words: doctors, mercy, Alexander II, Geneva, donations, Russian-Japanese.

6.2. Why do you think hospital trains became widespread in the late 19th and early 20th centuries? Compare the number of hospital trains in the two wars mentioned in the text.

6.3. Can we characterize the activities of the Russian Red Cross Society as volunteer?

Task 7.

Read the text. Complete the task, answer the questions.

7.1. Choose from the words on the slide those that correspond to your understanding of volunteering. Explain your choice.

7.2 Why do people become volunteers? What is the meaning of the concept of "volunteering" today? What new forms of volunteering have emerged today?

14th of April In 2018, the second stage of the annual competition of pedagogical teams "Polyhedron", organized by the Laboratory for Professional Development in Education, was held at the Moscow City Pedagogical University.

Most of the projects were presented on the topic “Skills « softskills » (from English soft skills - « soft skills » , « soft skills » ) and « hardskills » (from English hard skills - « solid skills » ) as a factor in student success”, 16 teams presented their experience in « soft skills » at the students.

The team of educators won this category. MAOU "Lyceum No. 7" the city of Berdsk, Novosibirsk Region, as part of S.A. Lebedeva, E.V. Matyushenko, Yu.A. Ivanova, G.V. Manuylova, N.N. Osintseva, who presented the project « Quest game "Five elements".

Projects on the topic: "The system of professional development of a teacher in an educational organization" were presented by 11 teams. The jury recognized the development of teachers as the best team project GBOU "School No. 544", Moscow: I.V. Protasova, V.V. Tyurina, A.S. Anikina, K.A. Alayeva on the topic "The system of professional development of a young specialist in an educational organization".

When evaluating teams, special attention was paid to the team interaction of teachers. The best teaching team in the nomination: "Team interaction of teachers of an educational organization" became a team MAOU "Lyceum No. 7" the city of Berdsk, Novosibirsk Region, as part of T.A. Smirnova, E.G. Ponedelchenko, A.V. Lisenkova, V.G. Kosheleva and L.V. Novikova.

The pedagogical team became the winner in the nomination "Practical significance of the team project" State Autonomous Educational Institution "School No. 548" Tsaritsyno ", Moscow: A.S. Murzabulatov, S.S. Romanova, G.I. Rygina, who presented the project « AGILE-platform PARADOX».

The winners will be awarded April 21 2018 at 13:00 at the address: Sadovaya-Samotechnaya, 8 (assembly hall). Registration is open from 9:00 in the lobby on the first floor.

The final, third (full-time) round of the competition called "We are a team" will be held next Saturday April 21 from 10:00 to 14:00 at the address: Sadovaya-Samotechnaya, 8 (assembly hall). Registration is open from 9:00 in the lobby on the first floor.

The five teams that showed the best total result in the second stage are invited to participate.

Place	Number/name of OO (name of team captain)
1	1272 (Andreychenko Maria Ilyinichna)
2	Karinskaya secondary school (Zaitseva Natalya Sergeevna)
3	1595 (Romanova Tatyana Alekseevna)
4	137 (Bart Ivan Alexandrovich)
5	1987 (Shadskaya Natalya Sergeevna)
6	1391 (Bestuzheva Maria Dmitrievna)
7	Cadet Corps (Grivitskaya Larisa Nikolaevna)
8	548 (Murzabulatov Artem Sergeevich)
9	7 (Ignatova Alena Vladislavovna)
10	17 (Zulumyan Lusine Nshanovna)
11	7 (Lebedeva Svetlana Aleksandrovna)
12	1987 (Bozhko Olga Ivanovna)
13	17 (Koynash Aina Anatolyevna)
14	544 (Protasova Irina Vitalievna)
15	2087 (Zaitseva Elena Aleksandrovna)
16	7 (Smirnova Tatyana Aleksandrovna)
17	1363 (Orlova Xenia Alexandrovna)
18	Lyceum of Troitsk (Poltavskaya Ekaterina Nikolaevna)
19	1412 (Abysova Veronika Alexandrovna)
20	641 (Kryuchkova Elena Evgenievna)
21	554 (Tumanova Anna Viktorovna)
22	1400 (Matveeva Marina Vitalievna)
23	7 (Petrovskaya Elena Anatolyevna)
24	67 (Tupikin Pavel Alexandrovich)
25	1368 (Vasilenko Elena Alekseevna)
26	MBU CSO (Pervushina Alevtina Alexandrovna)
27	MBU CSO (Pilina Ekaterina Eduardovna)

If the top five team refuses to participate or cannot be present in full force (only no more than one team member is allowed), the next team in the ranking is invited to participate! The final list of participants in the third round will be formed on April 18, 2018.

At the third stage, spectators and support groups of the participating teams may also be present. To ensure comfortable conditions for the competition, we ask them to register using the link.

Additional information about the competition is available.