A million shot personally by Stalin. Stalin shot one hundred million raped citizens

Elementary, even small children already know this: “In 1930, the ShKAS machine gun was created specifically for mass terror and executions. In 1932 he went into mass production. Rate of fire - 1800 shots / minute. So, in the recently declassified archives of the Cheka / NGB, documents were found that clearly describe the process of the most terrible atrocity in the history of mankind. In the cellars of the Lubyanka, a conveyor was mounted, through which the connected s / c were fed at great speed. The unfortunate people were put on the conveyor belt with the back of their heads to the wall, past which the belt was passing. To avoid mass riots, people were promised that they were sent to a brighter future, and their hands were tied behind their backs so that they would not be injured during transportation (the conveyor was moving very quickly). At that moment, when the first s/k stepped onto the conveyor, a window opened in the wall, the barrel of a ShKAS machine gun stuck out, the machine gun rattled loudly, and did not stop until the last of a billion s/k was villainously killed in the back of the head by a 7.62 mm caliber bullet. In order for you to appreciate the enormity of this crime, I will tell you that in the most “difficult” days, at least 3.5 million people were shot every day! The unfortunate convicts were brought to the place of execution at night, by barges, through a whole system of canals dug specifically for this. Where then did so many corpses go, the skeptical reader will ask? The answer to this question was found in the same place - in the bloody basements of the archives of the current FSB. Remember how much the subway developed in the 30s? It was in order to hide the huge number of innocent victims that Stalin ordered these gigantic holes to be dug. The corpses fell directly from the conveyor into the shafts of the falconer line then under construction, where they were crushed into dust, after which they were added to the mortar, which strengthened the arches of the tunnels. The Stalinist metro is literally made of bones. Of course, with a stingy mathematical calculation, it turns out that to implement this monstrous plan, Stalin would need 1.5 years of continuous executions for 8 hours a day, and this does not fit in with the reality in which all the terror occurred, as you know, in 1937. But here the archives again came to our aid - what do you think, for which Shpitalny, (designer of the ShKAS machine gun) received TWO titles of Hero of Socialist Labor? Yes, it’s very simple - Stalin had TWO conveyors (and ShKAS machine guns), and the bloody tyrant, standing in special blood-resistant chrome boots (so as not to stain breeches) knee-deep in human blood, shot at the back of the head of the repressed with two hands, in Macedonian ! Proof of this is the fact that there are TWO tunnels at EVERY metro station! When you are in the subway - pay attention to this inconspicuous fact. Destroying the flower of the intelligentsia according to this scheme, Stalin managed in just 289 days in 1937, those very famous “three hundred to eleven” sung in Kolyma folklore, after which he went on vacation to Gori, where he drank Tsinandali and ate lobio with Beria ." Alexander Solzhenitsyn, "A Billion in Three Hundred Days"

I do not like it when history is treated without due respect, in a bazaar way. I don't like dirty jokes about our recent past, or cheeky denial of reality in the spirit of "you're making it up, you weren't here."

When it comes to the history of the USSR, it is generally accepted that history is distorted only in one direction, into the dissident "Stalin is Hitler." Unfortunately, history is distorted in both directions, and if the voices of Stalinophobs have subsided in recent years and do not meet with much sympathy, then the Stalinophiles, on the contrary, are very active in Runet with their strained joke about "a billion shot personally by Stalin."

Neutral citizens sometimes try to enter into disputes with the Stalinists by briefly recounting to them the pages of their family history. The reaction of a Stalinist to a story about a close relative who was shot or died in the camps is almost always the same: “Your grandparents were bandits and scoundrels, they were shot not for politics, but for theft.” As you understand, after that the dialogue comes to a standstill.

Personally, I have not yet formed a final opinion about Stalin. For me, Stalin is a major historical figure who, until 1917, did his best to contribute to the collapse of the Russian Empire, then fought for power with very controversial methods, and from the mid-1920s ruled the large Soviet state to the best of his ability.

Primitive assessments in the spirit of “Stalin was a monster” or “Stalin was a hero” should perhaps be left to propagandists who are trying to prove by comparison with Stalin that a conditional Mr. Yavlinsky or a conditional comrade Grudinin should be placed in the chair of the President of Russia. Each period of Joseph Stalin's activity deserves not an assessment, but a detailed analysis and reflection, regardless of whether we sympathize with Comrade Kobe or treat him with hostility.

At the same time, I am somewhat lost when I see bloggers and journalists trying to claim that there were no repressions under Stalin, and that the rehabilitation of political prisoners is a clever trick of the West performed by the traitor Gorbachev. For me, the statement “there were no repressions” sounds something like “the earth is flat” or “there was less corruption in the nineties”. I can understand justifications for repression in the spirit of "Stalin did not know" or "they cut down the forest - the chips fly." This point of view seems to me to be wrong, but at least it is rational. At the same time, it is very difficult to have a discussion with those who are trying to deny the very fact of mass reprisals by the Soviet government against Soviet citizens.

Take, for example, the environment of Anna Akhmatova - it is convenient to take it as an example, since most of the surnames there are well known to every minimally educated person. Here are some typical biographical excerpts:

1. Nikolai Gumilyov, one of the main poets of the twentieth century, the creator of the school of acmeism. He was arrested in 1921 on suspicion of participating in the Tagantsev conspiracy, was soon shot. Later he was rehabilitated.

2. Lev Gumilyov, scientist, writer, son of Nikolai Gumilyov and Anna Akhmatova. Arrested four times. In 1938 he was sentenced to five years under Articles 58-10 (counter-revolutionary propaganda and agitation) and 58-11 (organizational counter-revolutionary activities). In 1944-45 he fought, took part in the capture of Berlin. In 1949 he was imprisoned again, received ten years "for belonging to an anti-Soviet group, terrorist intentions and anti-Soviet agitation." In 1956, the Gumilyov case was dismissed for lack of corpus delicti, the writer was fully acquitted and released. In total, he spent 14 years in the camps.

3. Nikolai Punin, art historian, writer, third husband of Anna Akhmatova and the hero of many of her poems. He was arrested several times, the last time in 1949. He died in the Abezsky camp in 1953, rehabilitated posthumously.

4. Osip Mandelstam, a poet who needs no further introduction. In November 1933, he wrote an epigram about the "Kremlin mountaineer", that is, about Stalin. In the spring of 1934 he was arrested, in 1937 he was released from prison. In 1938 he was arrested again, a few months later he died in prison at the age of 47. In this case, he was rehabilitated in 1956.

5. Daniil Kharms, one of the brightest Soviet poets, author of the most famous children's poems. As they say now, “didn’t fit into the market” - he lived incredibly poorly under Soviet rule, he was starving. Arrested twice, died in prison in 1942. The formal reason for the second arrest is the spread of "slanderous and defeatist sentiments". Found not guilty and exonerated in 1960.

If we dig a little bit into the history of those years - it doesn't matter, family history or the history of, say, medicine, we will see that these tragedies were no exception. Similar arrests, similar deaths in prisons and camps, took place everywhere.

For what reason poets were physically destroyed in the USSR is a separate question. Perhaps the problem was in the managerial weakness of Stalin, who, relying on yesterday's revolutionaries poorly adapted to organizational work, could not achieve the execution of orders except through large-scale terror. Perhaps the Soviet leadership was afraid to repeat the mistake of the last emperors of Russia, whose softness became, as many historians believe, one of the causes of the 1917 revolution.

All this can be discussed, and if the Stalinist does not mock the graves, I am even ready to listen to why Stalin was not at all to blame for the death of Osip Mandelstam.

What I am not ready to do is to take seriously people who call the Gumilyovs, Mandelstam, Punin and Kharms dangerous criminals who fully deserve the death penalty. Including for the reason that they cannot but realize that the propaganda that this nostalgic element is conducting today was punished decisively and cruelly under Stalin.

Exposing another myth about repression

Anti-Stalinists are still trumpeting about tens of millions of those who were shot. But let's see how justified this opinion is. How many people were repressed? When analyzing this issue, it is useful to know the population of the USSR. For information, in 1926 year in the USSR was 147 million. residents, in 1937 year - 162 million., and in 1939 year - 170.5 million. . In addition, we will refer only sentences under Art. 58 on counter-revolutionary and other especially dangerous state crimes (banditry, robbery, etc.). These are sentences to the highest measure or imprisonment in a camp.

According to Yu. Zhukov, the victims were not dozens million, and a million and a half. This opinion is confirmed by the data of Doctor of Historical Sciences Zemskov. At the same time, according to Zhukov, he repeatedly checked and rechecked the documents, they were analyzed by his colleagues from other countries. The results of studies on the number of repressed people, carried out according to the archival data of the Central Committee of the CPSU by Zemskov, Dugin and Klevnik, began to appear in scientific journals with 1990 d. These results completely contradicted the statements - they say, the number of victims will exceed all expectations. However, the reports were published in hard-to-reach scientific journals, practically unknown to the vast majority of society.

For a long time these figures are completely hushed up"democrats" and "liberals". Today, books by these researchers have appeared. The reports became known in the West as a result of collaboration between researchers from different countries and disproved the fabrications of early Sovietologists such as Conquest. For example, it was found that in 1939 the total number of prisoners approached 2 million. Of them 454 thousand. was convicted of political crimes. But not 9 million., according to R. Conquest. Those who died in labor camps from 1937 to 1939 numbered 160 thousand., a not 3 million., according to R. Conquest. In 1950 it was 578 thousand. political prisoners in labor camps, but not 12 million.

Contrary to popular belief, the bulk of those convicted of counter-revolutionary crimes were in the Gulag camps not in 1937-38, but during and after the war. For example, there were such convicts in the camps in 1937. 104 826 man and in 1938 185 324 person. I. Pykhalov convincingly proved that over the entire period of his reign, the number of prisoners who are simultaneously in places of deprivation of liberty has never did not exceed 2 million 760 thousand (of course, not counting German, Japanese and other prisoners of war). He also clearly demonstrated that the death rate in the camps was relatively low.

Yes, at the peak moments of history, especially after the war, about 1.8 million people were in prisons and camps in the USSR, which was just over 1%. In other words, every hundredth citizen was imprisoned. Is it a lot or a little? I don’t know, I only know that today in the “citadel of democracy” - - almost everyone is also behind bars 100th American (in 2011 the number of Zeks in USA . – D.B.). By the way, in "democratic and free" Ukraine, everyone now sits 88th"Svidomo".

The most interesting thing is that until today, in fact, the only source on the number of those executed and repressed in 1937 and 1938. is the "Certificate of the special department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR on the number of those arrested and convicted by the bodies of the Cheka-OGPU-NKVD of the USSR in 1921-1953", which is dated December 11, 1953. The certificate is signed by acting. head of the 1st special department, Colonel Pavlov (the 1st special department was the accounting and archival department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs). In 1937 they were sentenced to death 353 074 people, in 1938-328 - 618. About a hundred thousand sentenced to VMN accounted for all other years from 1918 to 1953 - of which the vast majority were in the war years. These figures are used by both serious scientists and “memorial” activists, and even such frank ones as Acad. A. N. Yakovlev and associates.

In February 1954, Rudenko and others, in a memorandum addressed to Khrushchev, named a figure in 642 980 people., sentenced to capital punishment (VMN) for the period from 1921 to February 1954. The figure of 642,980 people sentenced to VMN from 1921 to 1954 has already entered the history books and has not yet been disputed by anyone. The collection "Military Historical Archive" (number 4 (64) for 2005) provides data that in 1937-1938 all types of judicial bodies convicted 1 355 196 people, of which to VMN - 681 692 . In the future, this figure tended to increase. Already in 1956, the certificate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs indicated 688 238 shot (not sentenced to VMN, namely shot) from among those arrested on charges of anti-Soviet activities only for the period 1935-40.

In the same year, the Pospelov commission named a figure in 688 503 shot during the same period. In 1963, an even larger figure was named in the report of the Shvernik commission - 748 146 sentenced to VMN for the period 1935-1953, of which 631 897 - in 1937-38. by decision of extrajudicial bodies. In 1988, in the certificate of the KGB of the USSR, presented to Gorbachev, it was named 786 098 shot in 1930-55. Finally, in 1992, signed by the head of the registration and archival forms department of the IBRF for 1917-90. provided information about 827 995 sentenced to VMN for state and similar crimes.

revisionists

Although the above figures seem to be recognized by the majority, nevertheless, doubts remain about them. So, the participants in the discussion at the forum S.G. also did not find sufficient reasons to believe in the figure 700,000 shot. A. Reznikova tried to analyze 52 publications containing information about convicts in 24 regions of Russia. The sample included 41 Books of Memory from the Library of the Moscow Research and Information and Educational Center "Memorial", 7 books from the State Public Historical Library and 4 books from the State Public Library. Lenin. And I found that everything is included in these books of memory 275 134 person.

Let me give a long quote from an article by P. Krasnov, who analyzes the numbers of repressions: “... according to the certificate provided by the Prosecutor General of the USSR Rudenko, the number of those convicted of counter-revolutionary crimes for the period from 1921 to February 1, 1954 by the OGPU Collegium, “troikas” , the Special Meeting, the Military Collegium, the courts and military tribunals was 3 777 380 person, including capital punishment - 642 980 . Zemskov gives slightly different numbers, but they do not fundamentally change the picture: “In total, there were 1,850,258 prisoners in the camps, colonies and prisons by 1940 ... There were about 667 thousand death sentences for all the time ... "

As a starting point, he apparently took Beria's certificate, presented, so the number is given with an accuracy of one person, and "about 667000" is a number rounded with incomprehensible accuracy. Apparently, these are just Rudenko's rounded data, which refer to the entire period of 21-54, or include data on criminals who are recorded as criminal. The statistical estimates that I conducted showed that the Rudenko number is closer to reality, and the Zemskov data are overestimated by about 30-40% , especially in the number of those shot, but I repeat, this does not change the essence of the matter at all. A significant discrepancy in the data of Zemskov and Rudenko (approximately 200-300 thousand) in the number of arrests may be due to the fact that a significant number of cases were reviewed after being appointed to the post of people's commissar.

It was released from places of detention and temporary detention to 300 thousand people (the exact number is still unknown). Zemskov simply considers them victims of repression, but Rudenko does not. Moreover, Zemskov considers “repressed” everyone who has ever been arrested by state security agencies (including the Cheka after the Revolution), even if he was released shortly after that, as Zemskov himself directly declares.

Thus, several tens of thousands of tsarist officers, who at first were released on the “word of honor of an officer” not to fight against the Soviet Power, fall into the victims. It is known that then the "noble gentlemen" immediately violated the "officer's word", which they did not hesitate to declare publicly. Notice that I use the word "convicted", but not "repressed", because the word "repressed" means a person who has been innocently punished.

P. Krasnov also writes: “In the late 80s, by order, a “rehabilitation commission” was created, which continued its work in an expanded form in “democratic Russia”. Over a decade and a half of her work, she rehabilitated 120 thousand people, working with extreme prejudice - even outright criminals were rehabilitated. The attempt to rehabilitate Vlasov, which failed only because of the mass indignation of the veterans, speaks volumes. Let me where are the millions of victims?? The mountain gave birth to a mouse. P. Krasnov very convincingly refutes the fictitious figures of repression by using common sense.

Why did the Soviet people not notice the mass repressions?

If the number of those repressed was so great, then people should have realized that something was wrong in the country. However, my conversations with peasants in the countryside and with people living in small towns revealed a strange forgetfulness of this part of the Soviet people. S.G. also talks about the study of repression by one worker. “I'll tell you about a letter from a worker (I received it in 1992). This man himself formulated a hypothesis, developed concepts and set up a completely scientific experiment. One that deserves to be put into circulation. I confess that I could not save all these letters, there were no material conditions. The essence of the matter is this. The man doubted the campaign dedicated to the Stalinist repressions. He made a list of his adults and old relatives and friends. About 100 people came out, mostly workers, but there were also military men, teachers, bureaucrats, etc.

It coincided very well that just in time for the birthday of Lev Natanovich Sharansky, I came to the end of the materials of his retrospective. And of course, I saved the best of them for dessert. So, read, enjoy and don't forget to congratulate the author.

GULAG archipelago, gentlemen, Mazal tov, Happy Birthday to You, Slava Bonner!

Original taken from lev_sharansky2 in a billion shot personally by Stalin.

Totalitarian regimes oppress free people. And, of course, the most striking symbol of this oppression remains Joseph Stalin - the bloodiest dictator and tyrant in the history of mankind. There is a lot of controversy over the number of repressed and injured at the hands of the Stalinist NKVD and the Soviet punitive apparatus. And sometimes these numbers have nothing to do with reality. Let's face it and admit that many shaking hands and decent historians sometimes carry such nonsense on the numbers of those tormented by the bloody regime that it becomes disgusting and conscientious at heart. I have great respect for Nikolai Karlovich Svanidze, as an honest and objective historian and showman, but more than once the entire Matryoshka tavern blushed in full force, watching the debates with his participation, marveling again and again where he takes such figures, nothing with reality having in common. Despite all the ardor and passion in the heat of exposing the crimes of Stalinism. By the way, I remember that his friend (or as it is now accepted in civilized countries to say politically correct parent No. 1) Karl Nikolayevich in Soviet times, with the same passion and rapture, denounced the aggressive plans of world Zionism and the American military.

Caught in the trap of inaccurate facts, many opposition bloggers are unable to oppose the clear and precise archival data of the Stalinists in discussions. You have to evade and ban your opponent, which is basically true. After all, freedom of speech is the freedom to express all beliefs and points of view that coincide with the current course of the State Department. But all the same, it becomes conscientious and poured from the soul. And my current post will help any handshake and caring person, gay and democratic journalist to break out of this trap, impress the Chekists with accurate data and increase the intensity of exposing the crimes of Stalinism. Nothing can be done, but we will have to say goodbye to some myths like "a billion shot personally by Stalin", for the sake of objectivity and honesty - after all, this is the most important thing for any liberal intellectual and democrat. Dry figures most fully illuminate the picture of Stalin's repressions, although most human rights activists, dissidents, artists and poets prefer emotions. And about the number of those repressed, they answer “very many” or “damn many”, which causes laughter from people who are familiar with the exact data.

Therefore, let's be patient and count the number of victims of the Stalinist terror. Let's put aside emotions and get acquainted with all the statistics. I must say right away that as a result of this work, I did not use Soviet archival data, because they are always lies and provocations. I relied on the works of shaking hands and honest historians, memoirs of German soldiers and officers, memoirs of old honored dissidents, kitchen conversations of the intelligentsia. So let's get started.

About one hundred and twenty million Soviet citizens died in the Gulag (read Solzhenitsyn's Gulag Archipelago, stories by Varlaam Shalamov). Half of the occupied Ukraine - forty million people - became victims of the Holodomor. Among them were the parents of Mrs. Kotirina Chumachenko. Parent No. 1 died, and the mother (parent No. 2) managed to escape the Chekist genocide and slip away from the clutches of the Chekists to Canada, where, a few years later, the future muse of Pan Yushchenko, a quiet and shy intellectual, was born. Now let's count the number of victims of the so-called. "Great Patriotic War", again unleashed by Stalin. Soviet military losses - 60 million people. Non-military losses - 30 million. Of these, ten million were lustred by civilized Germans, which can only be approved - no one needs the red plague of the Bolsheviks. Five million died in democratic concentration camps from the quality of food - after the meager Soviet rations, civilized food that you could eat as much as you wanted caused many to overeat and led to death from obesity. The blame for this, of course, lies with Stalin, who starved his people. The rest of the losses of the Soviet civilian population are the atrocities of the NKVD detachments, who sent children and the elderly straight to the minefields. And remember how they crossed the Vistula - in order not to build pontoons and bridges, the river in several places was clogged with the corpses of ordinary Ukrainians so that tanks and infantry fighting vehicles drove along them to the other side. A total of two hundred and fifty million people.

Now let's calculate how many people were killed personally by the tyrant. According to the stories of dissidents, Stalin personally shot dissenters in the Kremlin to appease his bloody instincts. Nobody has done this yet, but I got the exact number of those killed. Of course, you will not receive such a complete summary in any document - after all, this was classified information. But the inquisitive mind of the human rights activist and the brainstorming sessions of the Council of Elders of the Matryoshka tavern helped to shed this terrible secret. So, how many people can be killed, based on the fact that the working day lasts eight hours (plus one hour for lunch). You can shoot from the revolver in the back of the head. But, given all the bloodthirstiness of the bloodthirsty bloody executioner, it is reasonable to assume that the Maxim machine gun was used for these purposes, which still makes me shudder. Dissidents were shot in batches of twenty. My friend, General David Petraeus, based on the experience of the US Marine Corps, proved to me that it takes one minute to shoot such a party. Consequently, in an hour, Stalin personally destroyed one thousand two hundred prisoners of conscience. For a working day - nine thousand six hundred. In a year it turned out 3,504,000 handshakes of people, gays and democratic journalists. The tyrant ruled for thirty-one years. Plus five more years since the KGB putsch of 1717. Therefore, we multiply 3504000 by 36. We get 126 million and another 144 thousand dissenters. I am for honesty and objectivity, so let's assume that Stalin did not kill people, gays and democratic journalists every day. Surely every May 9th he rested and drank vodka. He found eight so-called. "Victory Days". We subtract 76,800 from the total number of those shot. We get a terrifying figure of 126,067,200. Let's take into account the error and round it up. The result is 130 million innocently tortured. This is certainly not a billion, but the figure is really terrible. Thus, another myth is dispelled.

Let's summarize with the previously received figures and we see that in total 380 million people died from Stalinism in this country.

Now let's count the victims of Stalinism outside the USSR. By attacking Germany, Stalin destroyed four million German soldiers and officers. Plus another six million civilians executed by wild hordes of orcs (according to the notebook of the executed general). The victims of the Holocaust, initiated by the barbaric resistance of the Red Army, were six million people. This is only the documented number of the Holy People. Now another ten million heirs of the victims of the Holocaust are claiming compensation from Germany, which means that in addition to these six million, another nine million galactic Jews were destroyed. A total of fifteen million God-chosen.

In Katyn, the Chekists shot a million Polish officers, priests and intellectuals. Plus, about two million more Poles lie dismembered in the vicinity so that they could not be identified later. There is no limit to human abomination. Another five million Poles were killed by drunken soldiers of the Soviet Army during the occupation.
Another five million people became victims of the post-war cleansings by the NKVD in the rest of the countries of occupied Europe (read Mark Solonin and Polish sources).

The Japanese Kwantung Army numbered 1,300,000 people, who became victims of the perfidious blow of the Soviet army, which unilaterally broke the non-aggression pact. Add here another seven hundred thousand victims of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. You can argue that decent people dropped the atomic bombs (which, by the way, only benefited Japan itself). Yes, it is true, we, the Americans, dropped the bombs, but they were liberation bombs. It would be like a signal to the Japanese people that we take them under our protection from the horrors of Stalin's falcons. Therefore, the entire civilized world recognizes that the fault of the United States is the destruction of only the infrastructure facilities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. 700,000 of the same population became, of course, the moral victims of the Stalinist terror. In total, the KGB killed two million Japanese.

This is not advertised anywhere, but during the years of the Great Depression, the US population decreased by ten million people. The Stalinists are trying to prove that their own Holodomor happened in the stronghold of freedom. But any handshake, gay or democratic journalist understands that this simply cannot be in a country where any store sells three hundred varieties of sausage. In America, even if you don't have the money to buy one of the three hundred varieties, you can always eat in democratic dumps, where the quality of food is an order of magnitude better than in the best restaurant in Eastern Europe. I myself often did this during the first years after my arrival in New York, and I can testify. Ten million people died of depression, thinking that they live in the same time period with the bloodiest executioner of all time. It was after the death of so many people that the institute of psychoanalysis became widespread. And now every decent and successful person, gay and democratic journalist must have his own personal psychoanalyst.

About ten million Indians became victims of famine in India in the forties. This is because the British did not send food to them, but to the Red Army as part of an allied treaty. Therefore, we will attribute them to the victims of the Gulag.

Total sixty million. We add it to the Soviet victims of the Great Terror and get 440 million. But do not forget that these people, gays and democratic journalists could give offspring. Counting unborn prisoners of conscience is easy enough. 440 million is 220 million pairs. Many will object that the number of women and men was disproportionate. I will answer all skeptics that it has long been scientifically proven, and I have repeatedly written that gays are recognized as the best parents. Therefore, there is no discrepancy in the number of pairs. At that time, families were large. Therefore, we assume that the average number of each couple is six children. We have 1 billion and 320 million unborn victims of the Gulag. The total number of victims of Stalinism is one billion 760 million people. This is the exact number. I deliberately counted only those who died during the life of Stalin. The number of people that Stalin reached after his death (remember, for example, Pan Kaczynski) is a topic for separate studies. Tens of thousands of man-hours and hundreds of grants. This is my hint to the younger generation of human rights activists.

Summing up, we see that the number of victims of KGB repressions is appallingly high. But it's true. The truth that was hidden from all of us. And to which we must draw the attention of every decent and conscientious person, gay and democratic journalist. After all, no one but us! And we must not live by lies. So let's win!

Sincerely, Lev Sharansky.