Superciliary ridge character. A long nose is a pronounced individuality, great creative possibilities, often conservatism, arrogance and pride.
In my practice, I divide physiognomy into two large subsections. The first one is the physiognomy of the face, this is actually the physiognomy that is customary to talk about, in the section of this physiognomy, the features of a person’s face and the fate associated with these features, his character, his spiritual state are studied. The second subsection, which also needs to be given great attention, is the physiognomy of the body. This section explores the relationship between human body traits and their state of mind.
Today we will study in more detail the basics of physiognomy of the face, how certain interpretations of facial features arise, and what our face and the faces of those around us can tell us. A face can tell us absolutely everything. Absolutely everything, everything that is in our life with you - both spiritual and material, all this is expressed on our face. A person's face is a calling card for a physiognomist. This esoteric tool will allow you to better understand yourself and the people around you.
So, let's start with the very basics, initially we will divide the whole face into seven main zones.
These seven main areas correspond to the seven chakras of a person. Therefore, if you are familiar with the interpretation of the chakras, then you will very easily remember and assimilate the meaning of all seven areas of a person's face. I am not here to present all the subtleties and nuances of physiognomy, I will simply talk about these seven areas, about those things that I consider important, in order to give you an understanding of where all physiognomic interpretations of facial features come from.
The first area is the chin.
This area of the face represents the first chakra of a person, it is directly connected with the material world, with our physical body and physical abilities. This area of the face reflects the connection of a person with the Earth and matter. A wide and massive chin indicates that a person has a very strong physical energy, that this person knows how to deal with matter and worldly life, knows how to achieve material goals. Such people are used to achieving everything themselves, they never count on others, and they don’t need it, because they themselves have such physical strength that they strive to achieve everything themselves. Usually such people are naturally endowed with good health, great physical endurance and strength.
If the chin, on the contrary, is narrow, sharp, not wide, then this indicates a weak connection between a person and matter. Such people do not really like to achieve something in life through their work and strength, these people on the physical level have a rather weak energy. Or rather, not even weak, but thin and sensitive. Such people quickly get tired, quickly exhausted and get sick more often.
If the chin sticks out strongly forward, then this is a sign of increased human activity. Such people are assertive, active, impulsive. Everything that concerns labor, work and external affairs - they always take the initiative in this, they always try to be the first, leaders in worldly affairs. If the chin is more oriented back, then this gives the person the opposite qualities - modesty, indecision, inability to take the initiative.
A cleft chin is a sign of a person's mobility, high sociability, such people can easily and with great quality perform several tasks at the same time.
Chin injuries indicate a breakdown in the connection between a person and his material life. Usually a person injures his chin when he does not do the right thing, when he is doing the wrong thing, when he achieves the wrong goals that he needs.
The second area is the mouth.
The mouth area is associated with the second chakra of a person. This area reflects the sensual life of a person, it is associated with sexuality, with the pleasures of worldly life, with pleasures and aversions. The lips are the gateway between the outer life of man and the inner life. Lips symbolize the external sensual-sexual energy of a person. If the lips are beautiful, plump, well-shaped - this is a 100% sign of a good sexual energy of a person, this is a sign of his attractiveness and sensual beauty. In my practice, I met people whose other facial features were not very attractive and beautiful, and whose lips were perfect ... and against the general background, in fact, lips decided everything! ... Even if the rest of the features do not attract, but at the same time the lips are very beautiful - this is a direct sign that the person himself will be very liked by other people. But an ugly face and beautiful lips are rare, usually if the lips are attractive, then everything else is also attractive in this person.
Excessively plump lips may indicate a person’s sexual insatiability, an excess of sex hormones and a desire to constantly satisfy their sexual needs, a desire to enjoy life excessively. Thin lips, on the contrary, speak of a lack of passion, sensuality, and sexual attractiveness.
A large mouth indicates a person’s sexual omnivorousness, such people are not entirely picky in choosing partners for themselves, or rather, it’s not even promiscuity, they can simply be attracted to a variety of categories and types of people. A small mouth, on the contrary, indicates that a person likes only a certain type. Such people are very pedantic and picky in choosing sexual partners and life pleasures.
Teeth also reflect a person's sexual energy. But they are responsible for the deepest layers of sexuality. Teeth are initially associated with how a person as a whole relates to sex, to passion, to feelings, to emotions, to pleasures. If the idea of the depravity of our life is sitting inside a person, that sex is a sin and an abomination, then the teeth of such people begin to rot and hurt. Lack of satisfaction with one's sex life also leads to tooth decay. Crooked teeth are always a sign of deviations in a person's sexual and sensual preferences, which he does not reveal to anyone.
The third area is the nose and cheekbones.
This area has a direct connection with the third chakra - manipura. This area is associated with the intellect of a person, with mental abilities, with will, with masculinity, with the ability to achieve one's goals, with the ability to appreciate life and oneself. The nose itself is more associated with the mind and intellect, since it is the respiratory organ through which air moves. And the cheekbones, they more reflect the strong-willed qualities of a person.
A large nose, strongly protruding forward, always speaks of a person's high intelligence, that a person adheres to his own logic and reason in life. Such people are very courageous, sober-minded, often strong-willed and stubborn in their thoughts and ideas. In such people, the mind is quite strong and even rude. A small nose indicates the weakness of the mental qualities of a person, such people are softer, more compliant and supple.
If you look at a person and see his nostrils, that is, they stick out forward, then this indicates that the person says everything in a row, everything that he thinks, he does not know how to control and restrain his thoughts. If a person's nostrils are not visible and hidden under the back of the nose, then this indicates a person's high secrecy in his thoughts and ideas.
Large cheekbones indicate a person's great will, such people are very stubborn, very strong and courageous. Such people have insanely high pride, and sometimes self-esteem. Small cheekbones speak of the softness of character, the predominance of suppleness and compliance of a person.
The fourth area is the eyes.
This area is associated with the fourth heart chakra Anahata. A person's eyes reflect his ability to love and receive love, his ability to be kind, compassionate and merciful.
Big and beautiful eyes always speak of a very high sensitivity of a person. Such people are able to see what other people are experiencing, they are able to experience their inner feelings and sufferings. People with big eyes are highly observant, their heart is wide open. These are family people, they know how to love and accept love from other people. Small eyes are a sign that a person is more interested in himself than in others. Such people are not able to empathize and feel the experiences of other people, such people do not notice what is happening in the souls of others.
The color of the eyes indicates the predominance of certain energies and qualities in the human soul. Gray - intelligence, logic and rationality. Brown, black - strength, vigor, secrecy, the darker the eyes, the more secretive the person. Blue - sensitivity, softness, tenderness. Green - the strength of the heart, insight. Blue is the strength of the spirit, the strength of consciousness. Yellow - masculinity, energy, will, militancy.
Eye problems always occur due to problems in relationships with relatives and closest people.
Fifth area - eyebrows, superciliary arches.
This area is associated with the fifth chakra. Large brow ridges that protrude strongly forward are always a sign of the breadth of a person’s soul, spiritual openness, such people are driven by freedom, the desire for independence and honor inside. These are very sincere and open people, they do not recognize lies and falsehood, they do not accept strict rules and restrictions in their lives. For these people, freedom and truth are above all. But sometimes, in the pursuit of honor and truth, such people can be excessively cold-blooded and cruel towards other people. Small eyebrows and superciliary arches speak of a person's ability to deceive, variability, deceit.
The sixth area is the forehead.
This area is associated with the sixth chakra Ajna. A large forehead indicates the spiritual sensitivity and receptivity of a person, such people are able to penetrate deeply into the essence of things and understand them, they are able to get to the bottom of the very truth of what is happening in their lives. A small forehead gives opposite qualities to a person.
Of great importance are the lines that cross the entire forehead. These lines practically, like the lines of a person's palms, reflect the fate and life of a person.
The seventh region is the top of the head.
This area is associated with the seventh chakra. The top of the head reflects the person himself, the way he sees himself, how he understands himself, it also reflects our connection with God and our higher self.
By the qualities of a person's hair, you can say a lot about him, about his energy. Weak and thin hair is a sign of weak energy, a weak connection with the spirit, such people are more mundane and material than spiritual. Thick, strong hair indicates a sign of a person's great energy, about his strong connection with the spiritual world. Dark hair indicates vigor, masculinity, strength of energy. Blond hair, on the contrary, is a sign of softness, tenderness and sensitivity of human energies.
Hair loss indicates that a person is losing his connection with God, with his Divine Self. People with baldness no longer live according to the laws of their inner spiritual world, such people begin to live according to what external life gives them, external norms, rules and laws .
The form
In physiognomy, the shape of the forehead can say a lot about a person's thinking style and his approaches to solving problems. The forehead covers the front of the brain, so it is not at all surprising that it is an indicator of your typical thinking style. For example, your style might be to try to find a new, unique solution for every problem. Or, on the contrary, you prefer to apply what you already knew in the most effective way in a new situation.
Steep (convex)
- Imagination
- Originality
- Hate hard systems
A round, prominent forehead indicates a desire to show imagination and originality in solving problems. You try to look for alternative approaches and dislike rigid systems and procedures that limit your options. You prefer to find the best solution for the task on your own.
Sloping (leaned back)
- Good memory
- Reaction speed
- Love proven methods and procedures
A forehead of this shape indicates a well-developed memory and quickness of mind. To avoid wasting time, you prefer to use proven methods and procedures. You are able to quickly apply the facts you know and past experience to new conditions and find solutions instantly. When you see how someone else solves a problem, you remember the technology well and easily adopt it for your needs.
Straight (without deflection back and rounding)
- Rectilinear Thinking
- Stepwise approach
Your thinking is a linear, progressive process, and you find it difficult to process information if it is presented too quickly or inconsistently. You need time to get everything in your head, and therefore you do not think very well under time pressure. If you are forced to think and act without delay, you can "break". Your strength is that if you remember and learn something, then it stays with you almost forever.
Brow ridges (bone "comb" above the eyes)
- Strictly follow the rules and guidelines
- Prefer certainty and proven systems
Brow ridges indicate that you prefer the "correct", checked answers and can be completely confused if the previously established rules are violated. You love rigid systems and a strict "military" approach. Once you understand and agree with the rules, you usually follow them strictly and expect the same from others. For example, if solving a problem requires a certain tool or procedure, you will solve it that way and not otherwise.
Lack of brow ridges (flat forehead)
- Flexibility, adaptability
- Immediacy
- Openness to new ideas
The absence of brow ridges indicates a flexible, adaptable, spontaneous approach to problem solving. You are always open to new ideas. You are looking for what best suits the current moment, and you use the tools and procedures that are most suitable for that moment. For example, if you do not have the necessary tool at hand, you will use what is available, adapting what is available to your needs. You do not like to be forced into rigid and strict adherence to established procedures, and generally try to avoid calibrated, "mathematical" approaches.
Strong-willed bump (fleshy thickening between the eyebrows)
- Strength of will
- Determination
The space between the eyebrows is associated with willpower. If this area protrudes forward, this indicates the tremendous willpower inherent in you from birth. You are able to achieve any goals that you set for yourself. Even when you were a child, nothing could stop you if you were determined to do something.
When "reading" each of these parts separately, as well as their entire complex as a whole, you can get a large amount of information about a particular person. Of course, the ideal would be a harmonious relationship between the three departments, in which none of the parts would dominate over the others. This would serve as an indication of the instinctive-emotional-intellectual balance of the personality, which, of course, is preferable everywhere and always. However, this ideal situation is rare. Usually one of the facial sections dominates the rest. In itself, this is also not a disadvantage; in fact, the development or dominance of any of these departments means that this particular psychological property is especially emphasized in the character of the individual, and if one of the sections is only slightly distinguished from the other two, then in the daily life of a person this fact may even appear as a positive one.
In general, the following is certain: the only thing that can have a really negative effect on the character and life of a person is the fact that one of these parts will turn out to be too small in comparison with the rest, since this is a sign that the personality aspect corresponding to it in this individual not naturally developed. In such cases, people who are interested in their own self-improvement must make some additional effort to compensate for this lack of their personality. For example, a person with a square face, the central part of which is overdeveloped, while the forehead is too narrow, should pay special attention to the thinking aspect in his life, since personality defects can manifest themselves mainly in this area.
Intellectual aspect: forehead
| Broad forehead, occupying about a third of the face, is a sign of good memory, intelligence and ambition of the individual. In this case, we are talking about people with a clear life goal and great abilities for analytical thinking, as well as with a craving for acquiring new knowledge and skills. It is not surprising that people whose forehead corresponds to these characteristics will have the qualities of a leader, since they are not only endowed with the talent to correctly interpret the facts of the surrounding reality, but also know how to relate them both to the aspirations of others and to their own aspirations. Great analytical skills and a gift for grasping new things, the ability to manage one's own feelings and emotions - all this can manifest itself on the positive side in any professional field. |
 low forehead, occupying a small space relative to the rest of the face, as well as the growth of hair very close to the eyebrows - all these are considered signs of a person who is not inclined to theoretical reflection. It is said of such people that they can only be convinced by facts. Sometimes we can talk here about pragmatic people who prefer not to spread "thinking along the tree", but to go ahead to their goal. However, they are simultaneously able to radiate personal charm in communicating with other people, although sometimes too practical nature makes them manifest themselves as selfish and selfish. |
Emotions and feelings
On that part of the face, which is located between the forehead and the mouth, the emotions and feelings of a person are reflected. If, on the whole, it is the zone of the body in which the expressive possibilities of a person are most clearly concentrated, then this particular facial region, correlated with emotions and feelings, has the greatest potential for broadcasting any type of messages. The combinations of mimic gestures that can be carried out with the help of eyebrows, eyes, nose, cheeks and cheekbones are of infinite variety and richness, as is the number of shades of emotions, feelings or states of mind that can be conveyed with their help. Life constantly models a person's personality, adding new ones to hereditary factors - those that are introduced with a person's experience, his achievements, failures, joys and sorrows, as well as with his conscious work on himself.
So, about a man who has reached adulthood, they say that he has the face that he deserves, or rather, the one that he was able to “sculpt” for himself. Laughter, joy, sadness, anxiety, loneliness, anxiety, pleasure - each of these states leaves its mark on the structure of the facial muscles, giving over the years a new shape to the face, his cheeks and cheekbones, until eventually these "hardened" features begin to dominate over hereditary.
Eyes and eyebrows
Eyes
- this is the most expressive of the resources of non-verbal communication available to a person. Without uttering a single word, one look can express a lot - from "I love you" to "I need help."
The size of the eyes can already immediately give certain information about a person. In general, it is argued that among the owners big eyes most often there are passionate, disinterested, independent rebels, while people with small eyes rather prudent and prefer to weigh the circumstances well before deciding on any option.
Man with bulging eyes shows excessive interest in the outside world, while a person with deep-set eyes more inclined to show interest in the inner world of the interlocutor. Widely spaced eyes convey the detachment and coldness of their owner, and closely set suggest both his somewhat timidity and his tendency to fix attention on details.
Visual contact is one of the most subtle forms of communication that can be established between two people. It can be seen as a more effective means of expressing and exchanging feelings than verbal contact, since making visual contact with a person is almost the same as touching him with your hand. For example, when the eyes of a man and a woman meet, ecstatic excitement may arise to such an extent that its currents seem to run through the whole body. At the same time, the eyes are wide open, an invitation is read in them, and the look has a clear erotic connotation.
It is believed that if you look closely, you can see something in the eyes of a person. This is the main reason why some people try to avoid eye contact: for one reason or another, they do not look at the interlocutor, as they fear that their eyes may open some kind of veil and betray their secret to another person. People who are nervous, timid, or those who have something to hide tend to shy away from making such contact and try to get away from a direct look. However, many try to lower their eyes if the situation forces them to express something uncomfortable or unpleasant for the interlocutor.
No one focuses their eyes on another person all the time, the gaze usually flickers from object to object. In general, we can say that people are divided into two categories: watching and listening.
Studies conducted by experts have shown: if someone has gaze is often directed upwards, this means that a person is engaged in the visualization of a certain frame from the past, that is, as if reproducing it in his brain. This person is just one of those who are watching. On the contrary, people usually looking away, play something sound in memory, so they belong to the category of those who listen. A person's gaze fixed in the same direction for a significant amount of time, suggests that this person thinks in visual images and that he may have a rich imagination. Such people tend to focus on the packaging of the gift, the appearance of the interlocutor, the clothes in which he is dressed, the details of his appearance and other details. Without a doubt, and in everything that concerns himself, the visualizer shows exactly the same scrupulous attention to detail. If a person, on the contrary, has a habit stare at the interlocutor, then he concentrates on information perceived with the help of the ears rather than the eyes; this type of personality has an excellent memory for conversations, sounds or songs. It is likely that he will also have a good sense of rhythm and show more interest in what the interlocutor says than in how he looks.
Most people are convinced of the undoubted significance of the look, and knowing this, they may try to control the expression of their eyes. Therefore, in order to understand the true feelings or emotions of the interlocutor, it is necessary in a conversation with him to observe directly the pupils of his eyes.
Pupils dilate or constrict depending on the circumstances, and this happens completely involuntarily. Pupil reactions belong to the sphere of the autonomic nervous system, so a person is not able to consciously control his pupils.
In general terms, it can be argued that pupil increases in response to favorable stimuli and narrows in response to negative or not entirely pleasant information. Therefore, the pupils of lovers dilate when they look into each other's eyes. The same thing happens to every person if he receives visual stimuli that are favorable for him, such as, for example, contemplation of a beautiful sunset or the sight of appetizing food. It has been proven that when pupils dilate, there is an increase in the size of the peripheral visual field that surrounds an object that is directly in the focus of our gaze. This fact could be explained by the fact that the eyes want to see as much as possible of what looks especially pleasant or attractive to them. There is documented evidence of some women in past centuries using belladonna to dilate their pupils.
One of the ones that betrays a person with a head when, looking at something unpleasant, he brings his hand or one of his fingers to his eyes. In children, this gesture is extremely evident.
Brows
in people with different oval faces give a certain originality of personality. Everything matters here - the density of the eyebrows, their length, location, line pattern. Every detail gives the face individuality. From these details, you can determine whether a person is friendly or more introspective. In any case, eyebrows are an important component of body language. With the help of eyebrows, you can convey the most significant gestures.
Eyebrows raised up, are a very common facial gesture. This is often done consciously, with a certain specific intention, and sometimes involuntarily. The difference between voluntary and involuntary gestures is quite obvious. For a casual observer, the unconsciousness of the gesture is much less obvious than its intentionality. In most cases, this gesture means surprise or disapproval. The more emotion is invested in this gesture, the more expressive the resulting facial expression is, and the more wrinkles eventually appear on the forehead.
Some people only have the ability to lift one eyebrow. This gesture has a rather strange effect on the observer and can be used to convey emotions such as interest, surprise or disapproval.
Very often a person expressively raises eyebrows for just a moment. This is a friendly signal that occurs spontaneously when eye contact is made with an acquaintance or with a person with whom one would very much like to get to know. Usually this gesture is accompanied by a smile and is some kind of greeting or invitation to communicate.
Eyebrows go down. In most cases, this gesture means almost the same thing as furrowing your eyebrows. It can also be conscious or instinctive, and the difference is only in the degree of emphasis of the gesture. Lowered eyebrows are mainly a sign of anger or disapproval, although in some cases they express a state of deep thought. If a person is angry or does not agree with something, then he, as a rule, lowers his eyebrows. This gesture is conscious and volitional, it is usually accompanied by a characteristic verbal expression, which clearly demonstrates the corresponding state of a person. However, if this is a sign of deep thought, then in most cases the person demonstrating this gesture does not realize this.
- BRIEF ARCHES
arches, oblong elevations of the frontal bone above the orbits. In modern man, they are separated by small depressions from the supraorbital triangles and do not form a single ... - BRIEF ARCHES in the Modern Explanatory Dictionary, TSB:
oblong elevations in the supraorbital region of the frontal bone ... - EYEBROW
Supraorbital arches, oblong elevations in the supraorbital region of the frontal bone ... - AUVERNE HOPPER in the Encyclopedia of Dogs.
- cro-magnon in the Encyclopedia of Biology:
, representatives of neoanthropes, fossil people of a modern species ("Homo sapiens"). The name "Cro-Magnons" is associated with the place of discovery in 1868 in a grotto ... - FIELD OF VISION ANATOMICAL in Medical terms:
(s. visionis anatomicus; synonymous with relative vision) part of the physiological P. z., limited by the protruding parts of the face (nose, superciliary arches) and depending ... - MELANESIAN RACE in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
included in the large equatorial (Negro-Australoid) race. In a number of ways, it is close to the Australoid race (abundant facial hair growth, developed superciliary ... - SCULL in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
(cranium), the head skeleton of vertebrates and humans. There are axial and visceral Ch. Axial, or cerebral, Ch. represents the anterior continuation of the axial ... - HUMAN in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
the highest level of living organisms on Earth, the subject of socio-historical activity and culture. Ch. is the subject of study of various fields of knowledge: sociology, psychology, ... - CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
nervous system, the main part of the nervous system of animals and humans, consisting of an accumulation of nerve cells (neurons) and their processes; presented at… - TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
functions, one of the most important classes of elementary functions. To determine T. f. usually consider a circle of unit radius with two mutually ... - WELDING EQUIPMENT in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
equipment, machines, apparatus and devices necessary for the manufacture of welded products from blanks. The complex of technologically interconnected S. o. for … - WELDING in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
the technological process of joining solid materials as a result of the action of interatomic forces, which occurs during local fusion or joint plastic deformation of welded ... - PLASMATRON in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
plasma torch, plasma generator, gas-discharge device for obtaining "low-temperature" (T "104 K) plasma. P. are used mainly in ... - CURVATURE in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
(Math.), a value that characterizes the deviation of a curve (surface) from a straight line (plane). Deviation of the arc MN of the curve L from the tangent MP at the point M ... - CARPATHIANS in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
a mountain system in the east of Central Europe, on the territory of Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, the USSR, and Romania. It stretches for 1.5 thousand km from … - DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
geometry, a branch of geometry in which geometric images are studied by methods of mathematical analysis. The main objects of DGs are arbitrary sufficiently smooth curves... - DEGREE MEASUREMENTS in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
measurements, high-precision astronomical and geodetic measurements performed on the earth's surface to determine the shape and size of the Earth. Modern G. and. present … - VISCERAL SKELETON in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
skeleton, visceral skull, in vertebrates and humans, skeletal elements that are laid in the oral and pharyngeal region of the intestinal tube. The lower... - ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Electrical engineering is a branch of applied knowledge aimed at studying the means and methods for the use of electrical energy in technology and industry. Growing up… - SKULL, IN ANATOMY
- HUMAN APES in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron.
- HUMAN in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron.
- SOLOVEYCHIK in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
(Lusciniola melenopagon), slender-billed warbler, broad-tailed warbler - a small South European songbird, closely related in its characteristics and lifestyle ... - FISHES, A CLASS OF VERTEBRATES in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron.
- RACES in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
or breed of humanity. - The existence of physical differences between people or the division of mankind into separate breeds is recognized by more or less everyone ... - RAINBOW in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron.
- POLAR LIGHTS in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron.
- GENDER DIFFERENCES in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
or the signs by which the male differs from the female are twofold: one of these differences is expressed in the structure of the reproductive organs or organs, ... - POINTER, A BREED OF DOG in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
a breed of smooth-haired dogs (see), bred from the successive crossing of the Spanish bulldog (ibid.), first with a parata (fast) variety of the foxhound (see ... - POINTER in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
- a breed of smooth-haired pointing dogs (XVIII, 270), bred from the successive crossing of the Spanish pointer (ibid.), first with a parata (fast) variety ... - VERTEBRATES in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron.
- NEANDERTHAL SKULL in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
one of the oldest fossil human skulls, which has gained great popularity among anatomists and anthropologists. It was found in 1856, in the Rhine ... - CROWN HEADGEAR in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron.
- DEGREE MEASUREMENTS in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
Degree measurement is the measurement of an arc on the earth's surface, with the aim of finding the shape and size of the planet we inhabit. Each degree measurement... - VOLTAIC ARC in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
If two coal sticks are attached to the poles of a strong electric battery or other source of electric current with wires and, bringing the coals into ... - SUPERCILIARY in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
, th, th. Located above the eyebrows. Superciliary arches (elevations of the bones of the forehead above ... - MELANESIAN in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
MELANESIAN RACE, included in the large equatorial (Negro-Australoid) race. In a number of ways, it is close to the Australoid race (abundant growth of hair on the face, ... - ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
- SKULL, IN ANATOMY in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
- HUMAN APES in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
- HUMAN, ZOOLOGICAL SKETCH in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
- CLOCK, TIME MEASUREMENT DEVICE in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
- FRANCE* in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
- SOLOVEYCHIK
(Lusciniola melenopagon), slender-billed warbler, broad-tailed warbler? a small South European songbird, closely related in its characteristics and in its image ... - FISH * in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
- RACES in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron:
or breed of humanity. ? The existence of physical differences between men, or the division of mankind into separate breeds, is more or less recognized by all... - RAINBOW* in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
- POLAR LIGHTS* in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
- GENDER DIFFERENCES in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron:
or the signs by which the male differs from the female are twofold: one of these differences is expressed in the structure of the reproductive organs or ...
Today, wide thick eyebrows are in fashion, and more recently, thin plucked “strings” took their place. While stylists are arguing about which eyebrows give more expressiveness to a woman's face, scientists continue their no less old dispute: why did our distant ancestors have large brow ridges that literally hang over their eyes, while a modern person has a smooth forehead? Is there any evolutionary sense in all this, and why did the brow ridges disappear over time? The latest research by scientists from the University of York (UK) suggests that the answer must be sought in the field of social communication.
A lot of hypotheses about the function of the superciliary arches in ancient people were put forward. For example, there was an opinion that they served as a "visor" from the sun or protected the eyes from sweat and hair, but no convincing evidence of this was ever found. Recently, the so-called mechanical, according to which the brow ridges increased the resistance of the skull bones to chewing loads, and spatial, which emphasizes their role in the formation of bone joints in the orbit.
To clarify the truth or falsity of these hypotheses, British scientists used a 3D computer model of the skull. Heidelberg human who lived 600–200 thousand years ago. The prototype was a skull found by archaeologists in a cave in Kabwe (Zambia). Modeling the load on the masticatory system, scientists found that the superciliary arches do not participate in this process in any way, as for the orbit, in this case their size does not matter. It was necessary to search further.
Scientists turned to the study of animals that had morphologically similar formations. Yes, the male mandrill, a very picturesque monkey from the marmoset family, there are conspicuous swellings on the sides of the nose, and the bones that form their basis have a structure that is also characteristic of the fossil bones of the superciliary arches of human ancestors. The growth of these formations in monkeys is regulated by male sex hormones, and the size reflects the social status of the animal: dominant monkeys can boast of the largest.
Thus, pronounced brow ridges in our early ancestors could play the role of a morphological marker of leadership qualities and aggressive behavior of an individual. Over the past 100,000 years, the brow ridges have been shrinking, which was probably at first a side effect of the reduction in the facial skull as a whole. In the last 20,000 years, as people moved from a "mobile" way of life of hunters and gatherers to a settled agricultural way of life, this process has accelerated significantly. And note: an important result of the reduction of the bones of the superciliary arches was the increased mobility of the eyebrows.
Eyebrow movements are one of the tools of social interaction with which we express a huge range of emotions and their nuances. For example, a quick "take-off" of the eyebrows is a universal signal of openness, readiness for communication; a slow rise is a sign of surprise or indignation. From small movements of the eyebrows, information can be extracted that indicates the degree of truthfulness of a person. On the other hand, according to the results of studies, in some people after cosmetic injections of neurotoxin botox, which limits muscle contractions and, accordingly, the movement of the eyebrows, the ability to emotional experience also decreases.
Modern man is the only surviving representative of the subfamily (Homininae), which also includes Neanderthal and pithetropa. The rest of its members disappeared: they partly died out, and partly mixed with people of a modern physical type, who settled around the globe, often surviving in rather extreme conditions. Our prosperity has been greatly facilitated by the ability to social interactions and mutual assistance. And, according to scientists, moving eyebrows could play an important role in the preservation of modern man as a species, serving as a tool for emotional communication.
Prepared by Maria Perepechaeva
Information material "young reader's corner"
Doctor who are far to destroy
Where to buy sulfuric acid?