Pioneers who repeated the feat of Ivan Susanin during the Great Patriotic War. He repeated the feat of Susanin The young hero who repeated the feat of Ivan Susanin

He died not for Soviet power, which he did not love, but for the Russian land

The oldest Hero of the Soviet Union in history still found serfdom! Matvey Matveyevich Kuzmin was born in 1858 into the family of a serf, three years before the fateful Manifesto of Tsar-Liberator Alexander II. The future hero ran the household on his own and was not a member of the collective farm. He lived on the outskirts, on the outskirts of the forest, and did not particularly favor the new government. He caught fish, went hunting, bartered the rest from the peasants of the Rassvet collective farm. Some of the older locals called Kuzmin a biryuk, and the collective farm youth called the individual farmer, who spoiled all the reporting of the latter for the entire region, "counter".
On August 26, 1941, the Germans came to the village of Kurakino. At the school where Kuzmin’s grandchildren also studied, the local commandant’s office began to work, and the commandant himself chose Kuzmin’s hut, evicting the intractable old man and his family in a barn (“counterpart” the position of local headman was offered to the first, but he refused, citing advanced age).
On February 14, 1942, the battalion of the 1st Mountain Rifle Division stationed in Kurakino was tasked with breaking through to the rear of the Red Army, thereby facilitating the counteroffensive in the area of the Malkinskiye Heights. The battalion commander demanded that Kuzmin lead his battalion to the village of Pershino. The demand was reinforced by the offer of several thousand rubles, as well as flour, kerosene, and an excellent Sauer hunting rifle with the famous "three rings" logo.
Like another Russian peasant named Susanin, who in the winter of 1613 agreed to lead the Polish invaders to the house of the young Tsar Mikhail Romanov,
Matvey Kuzmin also agreed. Having accurately recognized the proposed route from the map, he immediately sent his grandson to Pershino to warn the Soviet troops, and assigned them a place for an ambush near the village of Malkino.
The old hunter led the Germans for a long time along a detour and finally at dawn led them directly to an ambush, where the 2nd battalion of the 31st separate cadet rifle brigade (Colonel S.P. Gorbunov) of the Kalinin Front, which then occupied the defense on the Malkinsky heights in area of the villages of Makaedovo, Malkino and Pershino. The German battalion came under machine gun fire and suffered heavy losses (more than 50 killed and 20 captured). The people's avenger himself was killed by the German commander.

The feat of the 83-year-old hero was included in the evening report of the Soviet Information Bureau of February 24, 1942. Pravda correspondent Boris Polevoy was working in Gorbunov's brigade just at that time; his essay "The Last Day of Matvey Kuzmin" was even included in the elementary school curriculum.
Matvey Matveyevich was first buried in his native village Kurakino. In 1954, a solemn reburial of the remains of the hero took place at the fraternal cemetery of the city of Velikiye Luki.

A 12-year-old boy repeated the feat of Ivan Susanin three centuries later. Tikhon was an ordinary boy, of which there were many in the village - he studied, played with the guys, helped his mother take care of his younger sisters, was modest and serious, like a father. Tikhon tried to be like him in everything. There was silence in the class, Tikhon answered at the blackboard. Teacher Ivan Petrovich asked him more and more questions about his favorite hero Alexander Nevsky. Tikhon could talk about him as much as he liked, and when he answered the last question, Ivan Petrovich said: - Well done. I give you excellent. Tell Tikhon, what character trait of Alexander Nevsky is closest to you? - Never give up, go to the end and love your Motherland! - the boy answered ... Only a few months passed and the Nazi invaders attacked our Motherland, the Great Patriotic War began. When the Nazis captured the village of Bayki in Belarus, the Tikhon family in full force - 6 children and parents - went into the partisans. Tikhon with his mother and two sisters became liaison, they came to the village and received information from the assistants of the partisans about the movement of the Nazis, about the number of soldiers, about equipment, and passed this information on to the partisan detachment. The whole village helped the partisans as best they could, because everyone in the partisan detachment had relatives. They were given food and sometimes weapons. One day, Tikhon with his sisters and mother came to his native village to take clothes and replenish food supplies. But a traitor lived in the village, who told the Nazis that Tikhon's mother knew where to look for the partisan detachment. They were kept in prison for more than a month, interrogated, tortured, but nothing was achieved. Tikhon's mother was sent to a concentration camp in Germany, and he and his sisters were released. The exhausted children returned to their native village, where they were sheltered by their neighbors. After some time, Tikhon again went to the partisan detachment. The partisans constantly attacked the Nazis. Here and there, houses with Germans were burning, warehouses with weapons were undermined. The Nazis suffered heavy losses, but could not do anything about it. They knew that the whole village was helping the partisans and decided to massacre its inhabitants .... On January 21, 1944, fulfilling the task of command, Tikhon again made his way to his native village, which at dawn was surrounded by the Nazis and decided to wipe it off the face of the earth along with the inhabitants as a stronghold partisans. In the bitter cold, all the inhabitants were driven outside the village and forced to dig a huge hole. The village was set on fire, and the inhabitants began to be shot. Tikhon calmed and pressed his sisters to him. The Gestapo, who commanded the execution, noticed the boy while still in prison and guessed that he was a partisan liaison. He was tied up, an hour later all nine hundred and fifty-seven villagers and little sisters were shot, and Tikhon, numb with horror, who was held by two hefty soldiers, the Gestapo ordered: - You will lead us to the partisans! Do you know where they are? - the German turned to the boy. - I have never been there and I don’t know the way, - the boy tried to refuse. But the fascist shouted menacingly: - Then we will shoot you too! We know that your father and brothers are partisans, and he, without aiming, fired once, twice. Tikhon turned white and staggered. The hot air hit him in the face. “I was joking,” the officer laughed. “But if you don’t lead us to the partisans, I will shoot you.” Tikhon was silent. “There, in the forest, along with hundreds of other partisans, are his father and brothers. Is it possible to betray them, to betray the Nazis? Not! This will never happen! I will do it differently…” the boy thought. “Are you afraid that partisans will take revenge on you? Do not be afraid. We will send you to Germany, make you a real person, - and he handed Tikhon a bar of chocolate. Tikhon could hardly resist not to throw it in the face of the fascist. However, he thanked and briefly said: - Good. I'll take you to the partisans.... The trees make a stern noise, mercilessly hit their faces with their branches, bushes tear their clothes, the snow covers their tracks. All the way, Tikhon's eyes filled with tears: he remembered what happened today in the village. But he confidently led the fascists along a path familiar only to him, to where there was no way out, to where he would take revenge on the fascists for the death of his loved ones. Tikhon clenched his fists and walked faster. The forest was getting thicker and scarier. The Germans were alarmed. - Is it far from the partisans? - the officer asked menacingly, looking intently into his face. - Already close, - the boy answered as calmly as possible and walked on. It began to get dark. Trees blocked the way with a black wall. Tikhon led the German soldiers into impenetrable swamps, which did not freeze even in winter. Soon, when the soldiers began to fall chest-deep into the mire one by one, the officer became suspicious. “Where are your partisans?! - the fascist shouted furiously, grabbing his pistol. - Lead us back! It's kind of a swamp. Where did you bring us? - Where you won't go, - Tikhon answered proudly. - This is for everything, you bastards: for your mother, for your sisters, for your native village! Then he looked at the chocolate bar, which he held in his hand, and threw it in the face of a fascist. Tikhon fell into the snow, clutching at a bush. Gathering the last of his strength, he raised his head and whispered softly: "Dad." .. Mom! More than two hundred fascists died. They learned about the feat of the 12-year-old pioneer Tikhon Baran by chance when they found the diary of a surviving German soldier. Shocked by the boy's feat, he wrote: "We will never defeat the Russians, because their children fight like heroes."

The trap of Matvey Kuzmin. How a Pskovian peasant repeated the feat of Susanin.

83-year-old Matvey Kuzmin became the oldest holder of the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Grandfather Kuzmich was neither a soldier nor a partisan, an unsociable old hunter, under the threat of death, "agreed" to become the guide of the German battalion and led him into an ambush

From serf to sole proprietor

In Moscow, at the Partizanskaya metro station, there is a monument - an elderly bearded man in a fur coat and felt boots peers into the distance. Muscovites and guests of the capital running past rarely bother to read the inscription on the pedestal. And after reading, they are unlikely to understand something - well, a hero, a partisan. But for the monument they could have picked someone more spectacular.

But the person to whom the monument was erected did not like effects. He generally spoke little, preferring action to words.

On July 21, 1858, in the village of Kurakino, Pskov province, a boy was born into the family of a serf, who was named Matvey. Unlike many generations of his ancestors, the boy had been a serf for less than three years - in February 1861, Emperor Alexander II abolished serfdom.

But in the life of the peasants of the Pskov province, little has changed - personal freedom has not eliminated the need to work hard day after day, year after year.

Matvey, who grew up, lived the same way as his grandfather and father - when the time came, he got married and had children. The first wife, Natalya, died in her youth, and the peasant brought a new mistress, Efrosinya, into the house.

In total, Matvey had eight children - two from his first marriage and six from his second.

Tsars changed, revolutionary passions thundered, and Matvey's life flowed as usual.

He was strong and healthy - the youngest daughter Lydia was born in 1918, when his father was 60 years old.

The established Soviet government began to gather peasants into collective farms, but Matvey refused, remaining a single peasant. Even when everyone who lived nearby joined the collective farm, Matvey did not want to change, remaining the last individual farmer in the entire region.

"Kontrik" in occupation

He was 74 years old when the authorities straightened out the first official documents in his life, in which “Matvey Kuzmich Kuzmin” appeared. Until that time, everyone called him simply Kuzmich, and when the age exceeded the seventh decade - grandfather Kuzmich.

Grandfather Kuzmich was an unsociable and unfriendly person, for which behind his back they called him "biryuk" and "kontrik".

For stubborn unwillingness to go to the collective farm in the 30s, Kuzmich could have suffered, but the trouble passed by. Apparently, the harsh comrades from the NKVD decided that sculpting an "enemy of the people" from an 80-year-old peasant was too much.

In addition, grandfather Kuzmich preferred fishing and hunting to tillage, in which he was a great master.

When the Great Patriotic War began, Matvey Kuzmin was almost 83 years old. When the enemy began to rapidly approach the village where he lived, many neighbors hurried to evacuate. The peasant and his family preferred to stay.

Already in August 1941, the village where grandfather Kuzmich lived was occupied by the Nazis. The new authorities, having learned about the miraculously preserved individual peasant, called him and offered him to become a village headman.

Matvey Kuzmin thanked the Germans for their trust, but refused - it was a serious matter, but he became both deaf and blind. The Nazis considered the speeches of the old man quite loyal and, as a sign of special trust, left him his main working tool - a hunting rifle.

Deal

At the beginning of 1942, after the end of the Toropetsko-Kholmskaya operation, units of the Soviet 3rd shock army took up defensive positions not far from their native village of Kuzmina.

In February, a battalion of the German 1st Mountain Rifle Division arrived in the village of Kurakino. Mountain rangers from Bavaria were deployed to the area to participate in the planned counterattack, the purpose of which was to drive back the Soviet troops.

The detachment, based in Kurakino, was given the task of covertly reaching the rear of the Soviet troops stationed in the village of Pershino and defeating them with a sudden blow.

To carry out this operation, a local guide was needed, and the Germans again remembered Matvey Kuzmin.

On February 13, 1942, he was summoned by the commander of the German battalion, who announced that the old man should lead the Nazi detachment to Pershino. For this work, Kuzmich was promised money, flour, kerosene, as well as a luxurious German hunting rifle.

The old hunter inspected the gun, appreciating the "fee" at its true worth, and replied that he agreed to become a guide. He asked to show the place where exactly the Germans needed to be withdrawn on the map. When the battalion commander showed him the desired area, Kuzmich noted that there would be no difficulties, since he hunted in these places many times.

The rumor that Matvey Kuzmin would lead the Nazis to the Soviet rear instantly spread around the village. While he was walking home, his fellow villagers looked at his back with hatred.
Someone even risked something to shout after him, but as soon as the grandfather turned around, the daredevil retreated - it was expensive to contact Kuzmich before, and now, when he was in favor with the Nazis, even more so.

death route

On the night of February 14, the German detachment, led by Matvey Kuzmin, left the village of Kurakino. They walked all night along paths known only to the old hunter.
Finally, at dawn, Kuzmich led the Germans to the village.

But before they had time to take a breath and turn around in battle formations, heavy fire was suddenly opened on them from all sides ...

Neither the Germans nor the residents of Kurakino noticed that immediately after the conversation between grandfather Kuzmich and the German commander, one of his sons, Vasily, slipped out of the village towards the forest ...

Vasily went to the location of the 31st separate cadet rifle brigade, saying that he had urgent and important information for the commander. He was taken to Colonel Gorbunov, who commanded the brigade, to whom he told what his father ordered to convey - the Germans want to go behind our troops near the village of Pershino, but he will lead them to the village of Malkino, where an ambush should await.

In order to gain time for her preparation, Matvey Kuzmin drove the Germans all night along roundabout roads, at dawn leading them under the fire of Soviet soldiers.

The commander of the mountain rangers realized that the old man outwitted him, and in a rage fired several bullets at his grandfather. The old hunter sank down on the snow stained with his blood...

The German detachment was utterly defeated, the operation of the Nazis was thwarted, several dozen rangers were destroyed, some were captured. Among the dead was the commander of the detachment, who shot the guide, who repeated the feat of Ivan Susanin.

Better late than never

The country learned about the feat of the 83-year-old peasant almost immediately. The war correspondent and writer Boris Polevoy, who later immortalized the feat of the pilot Alexei Maresyev, was the first to tell about him.

Initially, the hero was buried in his native village of Kurakino, but in 1954 it was decided to rebury the remains at the fraternal cemetery of the city of Velikie Luki.

Another fact is surprising: the feat of Matvey Kuzmin was officially recognized almost immediately, essays, stories and poems were written about him, but for more than twenty years the feat was not awarded state awards.

Perhaps the fact that grandfather Kuzmich was actually a nobody played a role - not a soldier, not a partisan, but simply an unsociable old hunter who showed great fortitude and clarity of mind.

But justice prevailed. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 8, 1965, for the courage and heroism shown in the fight against the Nazi invaders, Kuzmin Matvey Kuzmich was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin.

83-year-old Matvey Kuzmin became the oldest holder of the title of Hero of the Soviet Union throughout its existence.

If you are at the Partizanskaya station, stop at the monument with the inscription "Hero of the Soviet Union Matvey Kuzmich Kuzmin", bow to him. After all, without people like him, our Motherland would not exist today.

The purpose of this article is to find out how the tragic death of the oldest holder of the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the entire period of its existence, KUZMIN MATVEY KUZMICH, was incorporated into his FULL NAME code.

Watch in advance "Logicology - about the fate of man".

Consider the FULL NAME code tables. \If there is a shift in numbers and letters on your screen, adjust the image scale\.

11 31 40 69 82 92 106 119 120 139 142 148 158 169 189 198 227 240 250 274
K U Z M I N M A T V E Y K U Z M I CH
274 263 243 234 205 192 182 168 155 154 135 132 126 116 105 85 76 47 34 24

13 14 33 36 42 52 63 83 92 121 134 144 168 179 199 208 237 250 260 274
MATVEY K UZ M ICH K U Z M I N
274 261 260 241 238 232 222 211 191 182 153 140 130 106 95 75 66 37 24 14

KUZMIN MATVEY KUZMICH = 274 = 120-END OF LIFE + 154-SHOT.

274 = 69-END + 205-\51-LIFE + 154-SHOT.

274 = 189-HUMANKILL + 85-FOR REVENGE.

189 - 85 = 104 = SHOT AND KILL.

274 = 208-\ HUMANKILL FROM... \ + 66-REVENGE.

208 - 66 = 142 = IN THE HEART OF THE BULLETS.

274 = 126-SHOT + 148-END OF LIFE.

Let's decrypt individual columns:

40 = END
__________________________________
243 = GUNSHOOT

243 - 40 = 203 = SHOT IN THE HEART.

52 = KILLED \ ie \
_________________________________
232 = SHOT IN THE HEART

232 - 52 = 180 = SHOT IN THE HEART.

139 = INSTANTLY KILLED
___________________________
154 = SHOT

208 = 66-KILL + 142-BULLET HEART
______________________________________________
75 = FROM PLACES\ and \

208 - 75 \u003d 133 \u003d SUDDEN LAUGH \ rt \.

198 = SUDDEN DEATH
____________________________
85 = FROM REVENGE

198 - 85 = 113 = KILLED OUT.

Code DATE OF DEATH: 02/15/1942. This = 15 + 02 + 19 + 42 = 78 = LIFEless, IN THE HEART, SUDDENLY.

274 = 78-LIFEless, IN THE HEART + 196-\ 94-DEATH + 102-SHOT SHOT \.

274 = 199-\ 94-DEATH + 105-SHOT IN... \ + 75-HEART.

243 = GUN SHOT = DIES BY A BULLET TO THE HEART.

Full DEATH code = FEBRUARY 243-FIFTEENTH + 61-\ 19 + 42 \- (YEAR OF DEATH code) = 304.

304 = 150-SUDDEN KILL + 154-SHOT.

304 - 274-(FULL NAME code) \u003d 30 \u003d VMIG, KARA.

Code for the number of full YEARS OF LIFE = 164-EIGHTY + 46-THREE = 210.

210 = 69-END + 141-DESTROYED = BULLET HEART WOUND.

274 \u003d 210-EIGHTY THREE + 64-execution.

210-EIGHTY THREE - 64-EXECUTATION \u003d 146 \u003d WOUND IN THE HEART.

In Moscow, at the Partizanskaya metro station, there is a monument - an elderly bearded man in a fur coat and felt boots peers into the distance. Muscovites and guests of the capital running past rarely bother to read the inscription on the pedestal. And after reading, it is unlikely that they will understand something - well, a hero, a partisan. But for the monument they could have picked someone more spectacular.

But the person to whom the monument was erected did not like effects. He generally spoke little, preferring action to words.

But in the life of the peasants of the Pskov province, little has changed - personal freedom has not eliminated the need to work hard day after day, year after year.

Growing up, Matvey lived the same way as his grandfather and father - when the time came, he got married and had children. The first wife, Natalya, died in her youth, and the peasant brought a new mistress, Efrosinya, into the house.

In total, Matvey had eight children - two from his first marriage and six from his second.

Tsars changed, revolutionary passions thundered, and Matvey's life flowed as usual.

He was strong and healthy - the youngest daughter Lydia was born in 1918, when his father turned 60 years old.

"Kontrik" in occupation

Grandfather Kuzmich was an unsociable and unfriendly person, for which behind his back they called him "biryuk" and "kontrik".

In addition, grandfather Kuzmich preferred fishing and hunting to tillage, in which he was a great master.

Deal

At the beginning of 1942, after the end of the Toropetsko-Kholmskaya operation, units of the Soviet 3rd shock army took up defensive positions not far from their native village of Kuzmina.

The detachment, based in Kurakino, was given the task of covertly reaching the rear of the Soviet troops stationed in the village of Pershino and defeating them with a sudden blow.

To carry out this operation, a local guide was needed, and the Germans again remembered Matvey Kuzmin.

The rumor that Matvey Kuzmin would lead the Nazis to the Soviet rear instantly spread around the village. While he was walking home, his fellow villagers looked at his back with hatred. Someone even risked something to shout after him, but as soon as the grandfather turned around, the daredevil retreated - it was expensive to contact Kuzmich before, and now, when he was in favor with the Nazis, even more so.

Propaganda poster "The heroic deed of the Soviet patriot Matvey Matveyevich Kuzmin", 1942. Photo: wikipedia.org

death route

On the night of February 14, the German detachment, led by Matvey Kuzmin, left the village of Kurakino. They walked all night along paths known only to the old hunter. Finally, at dawn, Kuzmich led the Germans to the village.

But before they had time to take a breath and turn around in battle formations, heavy fire was suddenly opened on them from all sides ...

Vasily went to the location of the 31st separate cadet rifle brigade, saying that he had urgent and important information for the commander. He was taken to the commander of the brigade Colonel Gorbunov, to whom he told what his father ordered to convey - the Germans want to go to the rear of our troops near the village of Pershino, but he will lead them to the village of Malkino, where an ambush should await.

In order to gain time for her preparation, Matvey Kuzmin drove the Germans all night along roundabout roads, at dawn leading them under the fire of Soviet soldiers.

The commander of the mountain rangers realized that the old man outwitted him, and in a rage fired several bullets at his grandfather. The old hunter sank down on the snow stained with his blood...

Better late than never

The country learned about the feat of the 83-year-old peasant almost immediately. First told about it war correspondent and writer Boris Polevoy, later immortalized feat pilot Alexei Maresyev.

Initially, the hero was buried in his native village of Kurakino, but in 1954 it was decided to rebury the remains at the fraternal cemetery of the city of Velikie Luki.

Perhaps the fact that grandfather Kuzmich was actually a nobody played a role - not a soldier, not a partisan, but simply an unsociable old hunter who showed great fortitude and clarity of mind.

83-year-old Matvey Kuzmin became the oldest holder of the title of Hero of the Soviet Union throughout its existence.

In Moscow, at the Partizanskaya metro station, there is a monument - an elderly bearded man in a fur coat and felt boots peers into the distance.

Muscovites and guests of the capital running past rarely bother to read the inscription on the pedestal. And after reading, it is unlikely that they will understand something - well, a hero, a partisan. But for the monument they could have picked someone more spectacular.