Why was the Patriotic War called the Second Patriotic War? Conversations about the war

The name "Great Patriotic War", like "Second Patriotic War", was originally applied to the First World War. In his appeal to the people, Nicholas II emphasized that this war would continue until "until the enemy leaves our land." However, it so happened that the fronts of the First World War only slightly affected the territory of Russia.

As Sergei Kulichkin, editor-in-chief of the Military Publishing House, noted, “the most important sign characterizing the entire course of the First World War” was that “from the first to the last hour, the Western Front was the main vector of struggle for Germany. It was there, in the Western theater of operations, that the course and outcome of the war were to be decided - primarily on the fields of France. Largely for this reason, the phrase "Patriotic War" in relation to the First World War did not take root in Russia.

But the war of our country with Nazi Germany (1941-1945) already had every reason to be called the Great Patriotic War. At the same time, it is important not to confuse it with the Second World War (1939-1945), in which it took place. By the way, the term "World War II", according to many researchers, was first used in the United States of America, after this country declared war on Japan in December 1941.

The phrase "Great Patriotic War" was first uttered in a radio address to the Soviet people by Yuri Levitan on June 22, 1941 at 12 o'clock in the afternoon. Here is a fragment of it: “The Great Patriotic War of the Soviet people against the Nazi invaders began. Our cause is just, the enemy will be defeated. Victory will be ours!"

Levitan repeated this text 9 times during the day. Following Levitan's first speech at 12:15, Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov also addressed the citizens of the USSR. From the text of the message, it was clear why the Soviet government calls the war "Patriotic":

“At one time, our people responded to Napoleon’s campaign in Russia with the Patriotic War, and Napoleon was defeated, came to his collapse. The same will happen to the arrogant Hitler, who has announced a new campaign against our country. The Red Army and all our people will once again wage a victorious Patriotic War for the motherland, for honor, for freedom.

On June 25, 1941, the phrase "Great Patriotic War" headlined an article in the Izvestia newspaper. The day before, the text of Molotov's speech, published in the newspaper Pravda, featured the expression "patriotic war." Which is typical, while the word "domestic" was written with a small letter. Another option, "The Great War", appeared in I. Stalin's radio address to the people on July 3, 1941.

In the future, in newspapers and on the radio, the words "great" and "patriotic" will not often be used together in relation to the war. At first, they did not constitute a general term, but were part of other clichés: "holy people's war", "holy national people's war", "victorious national war".

It took almost a year to turn the phrase "Patriotic War" into a stable expression. On May 20, 1942, with the establishment of the Order of the Patriotic War, I and II degrees, the term itself was officially fixed. The awards were introduced by order of Stalin, who back in February 1942 ordered the creation of orders and medals to reward privates and commanders who particularly distinguished themselves in combat operations.

Only after the end of the war, when new awards were established, the word “Great” was added to their name - this is the order “For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.” and the Order "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945". Toward the end of the war, already everywhere - on the radio, in the press, documents and letters - the full term began to be used: "The Great Patriotic War", where the second word was already written with a capital letter.

Other countries also had their own names associated with the Second World War. So, in England, the war of the Soviet Union with Germany was called the “Eastern Front”, in Finland, after its accession to the Axis countries, the military conflict with the USSR was called a continuation war, in Japan, in relation to the war against the United States and allies, the phrase “Pacific Theater of War” was used. action", the Americans also fixed the name "War in the Pacific". The fighting of the Anglo-American coalition on the European continent is traditionally referred to as the "Western Front". In Germany, the war with the USSR was called differently: "German-Soviet" (following the example of the German-Polish war of 1939), "Russian campaign", and in Catholic circles - "European crusade".

THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR is the largest war in the history of mankind. The word "great" means very large, huge, enormous. In fact, the war captured a huge part of the territory of our country, tens of millions of people took part in it, it lasted four long years, and victory in it demanded from our people an enormous effort of all physical and spiritual forces.

Download:

Preview:

Conversation "Why is the war called the Great Patriotic War?"

for preschool children

THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR is the largest war in the history of mankind. The word "great" means very large, huge, enormous. In fact, the war captured a huge part of the territory of our country, tens of millions of people took part in it, it lasted four long years, and victory in it demanded from our people an enormous effort of all physical and spiritual forces.

It is called the Patriotic War because this war is just, aimed at protecting the Fatherland. Our entire vast country has risen to fight the enemy! Men and women, the elderly, even children forged victory in the rear and on the front lines.

Now you know that one of the most brutal and bloody wars in the history of Russia was called the Great Patriotic War. The victory of the Red Army in this war is the main event in the history of Russia in the 20th century!

The German attack on the Soviet Union was unexpected. In these June days, tenth-graders were finishing school, graduation balls were held in schools. Boys and girls in bright elegant clothes danced, sang, met the dawn. They made plans for the future, dreamed of happiness and love. But the war severely destroyed these plans!

On June 22 at 12 noon, Minister of Foreign Affairs V.M. Molotov spoke on the radio and announced the attack on our country by fascist Germany. Young people took off their school uniforms, put on overcoats and went straight from school to war, became soldiers of the Red Army. Soldiers who served in the Red Army were called Red Army men.

Every day the echelons took the fighters to the front. All the peoples of the Soviet Union have risen to fight the enemy!

But in 1941, the people wanted with all their might to help their country, which was in trouble! Both young and old people rushed to the front and signed up for the Red Army. Only in the first days of the war, about a million people signed up! Queues were gathering at the recruiting stations - people were striving to defend their Fatherland!

In terms of the scale of human casualties and destruction, this war surpassed all the wars that were on our planet. A huge number of people were destroyed. Over 20 million soldiers were killed on the fronts in combat operations. During the Second World War, about 55 million people died, almost half of them were citizens of our country.

The horror and losses of the Second World War united people in the struggle against fascism, and therefore the great joy of victory in 1945 swept not only Europe, but the whole world.

May 9, 1945 has forever become a great date for Russia - VICTORY DAY over Nazi Germany.

Questions:

1. When did the Great Patriotic War start?

2. Why is it called that?

3. Which country started the war?

4. What did Hitler want to do with our people?

5. Who stood up to defend the Fatherland?

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

Summary of directly educational activities for children of the preparatory school group "Music in the War of 1812"

Material is offered for directly educational activities for the week, scheduled for each day of the week. The offer ...

Conversation "Why is the war called the Great Patriotic War?" for preschool children

THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR is the largest war in the history of mankind. The word "great" means very large, huge, enormous. In fact, the war has captured a huge part of the territory ...

PLAN of events dedicated to the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 in the group preparatory to school.

PLAN of events dedicated to the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 in the group preparatory to school. No. p \ n Events Deadlines Responsible ...

Synopsis of the intellectual game for children of the preparatory group for school “What? Where? When? (Theme "The Great Patriotic War")

The material can be used in the classroom for civil and patriotic education of older preschoolers. The material was developed using ICT in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard....

Why were wars called Patriotic?

Homeland, Fatherland - synonyms. They attack our Motherland, which means they attack the Fatherland, and therefore they call it that if the war is on the territory of our country.

An example of the Second World War, during which there was the Great Patriotic War between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. The Nazis wanted to exterminate the Russians, destroy, enslave, turn the working cattle of Russians, Jews and other nationalities living on the territory of the USSR. Despite belonging to a nation, all citizens of the USSR rose to the fight in order to protect their homeland. Such a war is called Patriotic War.

Patriotic - this adjective is formed from the word Fatherland, there is no doubt about it, which means that during this war the entire Fatherland fought the enemy, all together, because the enemy came to our lands. So the whole Fatherland, the whole Motherland stood up in their defense.

Patriotic war is that war when the enemy fights on someone else's territory, which is defended by the defenders of this territory, the people, the indigenous population. The wars of 1941-1945 and 1812 are considered Patriotic, since the enemy invaded the territory of Russia and all segments of the population rose to defend their Fatherland, their piece of land.

Because in the case of Napoleon and in the case of Hitler, our people had to defend their Motherland, their Fatherland. Not only the regular army took part in the wars, but also the civilian population, partisan detachments, everyone stood up to defend their fatherland, which is why the wars began to be called that.

The Great Patriotic War was called that because our people fought for their Motherland. They heroically and staunchly defended their Fatherland from enemies and fought against the fascist invaders. The War of 1812 is also called the Patriotic War. Then Napoleon tried to capture Russia. but he didn't succeed.

Patriotic war is called a long war on the territory of the country during which people defend their Fatherland from the enemy and defend their independence. In the history of Russia there were two such wars: the 1812 war with Napoleon and 1941-1945. war with Nazi Germany.

Patriotic wars are called in the event that the war is, on the one hand, aggressive, and on the other hand, it is the defense of their Fatherland, their Motherland, no more, no less. That is, on the one hand, the occupiers, on the other, the defenders of the Fatherland. Unlike, say, a civil war, when a war is going on, between citizens of one country. Or from an armed conflict, when two countries are fighting on the territory of a third, for influence or colonization, of this third country.

In the history of Russia, only two wars were called domestic - this is the war of 1812 with Napoleon and the war of 1941-45 with Germany. In both cases, the name Patriotic was officially given to these wars, but the essence of this name was precisely that the whole people fought against the invaders, and no decrees and directives were required to raise this struggle, to inspire the people, it was a conscious choice of the nation. Thus, a patriotic war is a people's war, regardless of beliefs and estates, a war when the enemy could capture and destroy the country, and not change its management. War, when the existence of the nation was threatened.

Modern young people often do not understand why the war was called the Patriotic War, and even the Great. And how is World War II different from it?

Maybe these are completely different historical events that do not intersect with each other? And what other patriotic wars were on Russian soil? And why are they called that? There are a lot of questions. To find the answer to them, it is worth looking into the history of Russia.

Patriotic War of 1812

Every patriot should know the history of his Motherland. To find the answer to the question of why the war was called Patriotic, you need to understand what this word itself means. In another way, the country in which a person was born and lives is called the Fatherland. And all wars aimed at protecting their homeland bear this proud title.

In 1812, Napoleon attacked Russia in order to conquer and enslave the Russian people. But he didn't succeed. This war entered the history of Russia as the Patriotic War of 1812. Naturally, things were different for France. Even now they will not understand why the war was called the Patriotic War, because for them it was aggressive.

The Second World War

In September 1939, the first day, fascist Germany, together with its henchmen - Italy, Japan and some other states - unleashed a world fire in which 1.7 billion people took part. This is almost eighty percent of the entire population of the planet. And almost one hundred and ten million people fought directly in the armies of all the countries involved in this horror.

In 1941, Hitler attacked the Soviet Union. That is how our Motherland was called in those years. And the entire Soviet people stood up to defend the Fatherland.

On the part of the Nazis, it was a war of conquest. The Nazis, led by Adolf Hitler, did not understand why the war was called Patriotic War. Many still argue, arguing that it was an action to liberate peoples from communist terror. But in fact, there was no question of any liberation. The Nazis were simply trying to carry out a new division of land, to enslave other peoples.

But our people waged a liberation struggle, defended their Motherland and other countries. Now it is clear why the war of 1941-1945 was called the Patriotic War? Although it is worthwhile to understand well that the name of the event depends on from whose point of view it is considered.

Although the world war was already raging on earth, the Soviet people were sure that Hitler would not dare to encroach on our Motherland. Moreover, a non-aggression pact was concluded between the Soviet Union and Germany.

However, Hitler vilely violated it. On the night of June 21-22, a graduation ball was celebrated for everyone who graduated from school. No one could have thought that it was at dawn after such a wonderful holiday that shots would thunder, bombs would fall from the sky, blood would flow. And yet it happened. On June 22, 1941, at four o'clock in the morning, without warning, Germany made a treacherous attack on the Soviet Union. Immediately in a vast area, from the Carpathian Mountains to the Baltic Sea, the fascist troops crossed the border of our Motherland.

The Nazis planned to destroy the culture of a huge country, and turn its people into slaves who would work for Germany. The invaders bombed cities and villages, railways and ports, airfields and railway stations. A great many people, including children, the elderly and women, were killed in the most cruel ways: burned alive, buried, shot, torn to pieces.

But the people did not want to give up. Even the smallest settlements were heroically defended. Many beautiful songs about the exploits of unknown soldiers were invented by people. “Near an unfamiliar village on a nameless height” the heroes laid down their heads, the memory of which will live for centuries. That is why the war of 1941-1945 was called the Patriotic War. After all, the Soviet people fought for their Fatherland.

War is not a game, it is death and pain...

The search for an answer to the question of why the Great Patriotic War was called "Patriotic" makes us go back to those distant terrible years. Not liberation came to the Soviet Union, but a terrible monster called "fascism", insatiable and cruel. Nothing was sacred to him.

The fascists rampaged on the occupied lands as if they themselves had never been people. A huge part of the population was taken out and imprisoned in concentration camps. There, the atrocities of the invaders were especially sophisticated. Blood was taken from children for transfusion to the wounded, terrible diseases were instilled in people and they were observed. They even tried to create a new creature that would be the carrier of the human gene and the animal, using prisoners for their inhuman experiments.

Not only Patriotic, but also Great.

Not only men of military age went to the front. Volunteers simply blocked all the points that were engaged in mobilization. There were elderly people, and very young boys, and girls. There were many respectable elders and snotty children. These, at first, were immediately driven home, to their mother under the hem. "This war will not be cursed for long!" everyone was talking.

However, after the first two years, it became clear that the end of these horrors would not come soon. And everyone remembered about the old people and the children who were so eager to fight at the beginning of the war. Now it became clear that each pair of hands is valuable. Twelve-year-old boys got up to the machines next to elderly men and women. All together they worked eighteen hours a day, releasing ammunition and military equipment.

Thus, having rallied against fascism, our Motherland managed to clear its lands of fascist cholera. But the Red Army did not stop there. Soviet tanks reached Berlin itself, freeing other countries from the fascist yoke along the way. Our country has done a great job. She saved a huge number of people, of various nationalities and religions. That is why the war is called the Great Patriotic War.

Why is the war called the Great Patriotic War?
The word "great" means very large, huge, enormous. In fact, the war captured a huge part of the territory of our country, tens of millions of people took part in it, it lasted four long years, and victory in it demanded from our people an enormous effort of all physical and spiritual forces. It is called a Patriotic war because this war - fair, aimed at protecting their Fatherland. Our entire vast country has risen to fight the enemy! Men and women, the elderly, even children forged victory in the rear and on the front lines. Now you know that one of the most brutal and bloody wars in the history of Russia was called the Great Patriotic War. The victory of the Red Army in this war is the main event in the history of Russia in the 20th century!

Why did Hitler count on a quick victory?

Yes, because such victories have already been obtained by the German army. Almost without resistance, they captured many European countries: Poland and Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Romania. France and Belgium. But with our country, the Nazi generals had a misfire! In the summer, long, warm days, and the nights are light and short, there is neither slush, nor cold autumn rains, nor winter snows and frosts. It's easier to fight in the summer. Hitler and his generals came up with a plan for war and called it the "Barbarossa" plan. According to this plan, the Nazis expected to defeat the Soviet Union very quickly, before the onset of cold weather. In one month, capture the whole country, and several days were allotted for the conquest of Moscow. The Nazis called such a war "blitzkrieg." Fascist Germany was well prepared to take over our country.

With a powerful strike by a well-equipped army in three main directions: Moscow, Leningrad and Ukraine, the fascists intended to destroy our troops and parade along Red Square in the capital of our Motherland, Moscow, before the onset of winter.

Questions