An exemplary summary of a lesson on the cognitive development of children of senior preschool age “Minerals. Outline of the lesson on the world around (senior group) on the topic: Abstract of the lesson Minerals

Program content:

Introduce children to several minerals (stones - leaf-shaped, serpentine, quartz, coal, sand, clay).
Show their application in human life.
To acquaint with the properties of sand and clay, compare them.
Arouse children's interest in minerals.

Lesson progress:

Conversation about minerals.

V .: Children, what is interesting that you brought to class? Tell us what you brought, where you found them, what's cool about them, and how you can use them. Today we have real geologists. These are people who find minerals. Which lie deep underground. Without them, life would be difficult for people.

— Our country Russia is rich. We have oil, gold, coal, granite, etc. Look at the map, what country am I showing now? There are different icons on the map, they indicate minerals (we are considering). Some minerals are stones. Here I will tell a fairy tale about one of them (The Tale of Coal). Why is coal called the main stone? - There are still building stones for the construction of buildings, roads. We have crushed stone mined in Kataysk. Ornamental stones - for sculptures and decoration. Precious - for jewelry. I want to show you some Ural gems.

Consideration of leaf-shaped, coil, quartz.

V .: I draw your attention to the fact that the stones are of different colors, hard, heavy. What do you think, what can be made of such beautiful stones? These beautiful souvenirs were brought from the Kungur caves, and this one from the Ilmensky reserve. From marble - a writing set (we are considering other souvenirs and jewelry). And now I want to ask you a riddle:

It’s convenient to bake a cake from me,
Just can't eat it.
I am loose, yellow, inedible,
Guess what I am? (sand)

- Carefully examine the sand and find as many features as possible in the grains of sand (they are not the same in size, in color, in the degree of gloss, there are transparent and opaque sand) What kind of sand? (loose) The grains of sand are not fastened together, they crumble. Therefore, the sand dries quickly from the sun and wind.

Comparison of sand and clay.

“I am now turning you all into grains of sand. The wind blew, and they scattered in different directions.

— And what do you think? This is clay. Consider what she is. It consists of small particles that stick together.

“And now you will turn into small particles of clay. They pressed against each other, tightly holding hands, they could not be broken.

I have sand in one glass, clay in the other. Now I will pour water into them. In which glass will water seep faster to the bottom? Let's check (the grains of sand are located separately, and in the clay the particles stick together and do not let water through). What do you think can be done with clay?

Exhibition review.

V .: But all these items are very fragile. Therefore, they must be handled with care.

Summary of the lesson.

Q: Children, what do you remember from the lesson? What did you like? What minerals do you remember? How are they used in industry?

There are many minerals that are mined from the bowels of the Earth. All of them are extremely important, because they allow you to get the things necessary for a comfortable life. They make it possible to heat homes, eat, move in space at high speed, make wonderful decorations and much more. During research, scientists discover very interesting facts about minerals that allow you to learn more about the secrets hiding in the underground depths.

Coal is the most common fossil used as a fuel. Few people know that only a 2-meter layer of coal is formed from a 20-meter layer of peat under pressure. If a similar layer of dead vegetation lies at a depth of 6 km, then the coal seam will have only 1.5 m.
Malachite is a semi-precious stone from which stunning jewelry is made.. The largest stone that was mined weighed 1.5 tons. Having discovered such a treasure, the miners presented it to Empress Catherine II. Later, the stone became an exhibit of the St. Petersburg Museum of the Mining Institute.
Obsidian - volcanic glass. This material has a high density. It is formed under the influence of very high temperatures during the eruption of magma. Archaeologists have been able to find evidence that the first surgical instruments were made from this material.
Today, everyone knows what oil is and how it happens. The first theory of the origin of this mineral suggested that oil is nothing but whale urine. Black gold began to be mined by collecting it from the surface of reservoirs. At the present time, oil is pumped out of the bowels of the Earth using pumping stations.
Scientists continue to present new interesting facts about metals. So, gold has been recognized as one of the most flexible metals. It is even used to make sewing threads. From one ounce of gold, you can get a thread about 80 km long.
Iron ore has been used by man for a long time. Archaeologists have proven that the manufacture of the first objects from iron ore dates back to the ll-lll centuries. BC. The first to use this mineral were the inhabitants of Mesopotamia.
Sodium chloride or salt is mined in the largest quantity. Despite the need for this mineral for human life, only 6% of it is used for food. 17% of salt is used for sprinkling roads during icy conditions. The lion's share of this mineral is used by industry and accounts for 77% of all production.
The queen of metals, platinum, has an unusually interesting history.. In the 15th century, it was discovered by Spanish travelers who arrived on the coast of Africa. After studying this material, its refractoriness was discovered. For this reason, platinum was deemed unsuitable and was valued below the value of silver.
Silver has long been famous for its bactericidal properties.. Even the warriors of ancient Rome used it for treatment. If serious wounds were inflicted on a person in battle, then the healers covered the places of injury with silver plates. After such procedures, the wounds healed quickly and without any complications.
Marble has been used in ancient times for interior decoration and the creation of various decorative elements.. This is due to the amazing hardness of the material and its wear resistance. Marble retains its original appearance for 150 years even when exposed to temperature, moisture or sunlight.
Diamonds are recognized as the hardest minerals mined from the bowels of the earth. In this case, a blow applied with a hammer with great force can split the stone into small pieces.
Uranium is a metal that is considered one of the heaviest chemical elements.. Uranium ore contains an insignificant amount of pure metal. Uranus has 14 stages of transformation. All elements that are formed during the transformation are radioactive. Only lead, which is the final stage of transformation, is considered safe. It will take about a billion years to completely convert uranium to lead.
Copper is the only metal that does not spark when rubbed., so copper tools can be used in places where there is an increased risk of fire.
There is a lot to learn about soil all the time. So, scientists investigated a common mineral - peat. They revealed in it peculiar threads that are distinguished by extraordinary strength. This discovery has found its application in light industry. The first products made from peat threads were presented in Holland. Peat is an excellent preservative. It preserves the remains that fell into it thousands of years ago. This allows scientists to learn interesting facts about the skeleton of a person who lived long before our days, and to study the remains of already extinct animal species.
Granite is known as a durable building material. But not everyone knows that it conducts sound much faster than air. The speed of sound waves passing through granite is 10 times greater than passing through air space..

Elena Batseva
An exemplary summary of a lesson on the cognitive development of children of senior preschool age "Minerals"

Tasks:

Introduce children to several minerals(granite, salt, chalk, coal, sand, clay, oil, gas, peat).

Show them application in human life.

Form at children's cognitive activity through acquaintance with the wealth of the native land;

Build initial concepts minerals of their country; To consolidate knowledge about animate and inanimate nature, to distinguish between objects of nature and the world of things;

Raise interest in nature and pride in their country.

Integration of educational regions: "Socio-communicative development» , "Artistic and aesthetic development» , "Speech development» , « cognitive development» .

caregiver:

Invented by someone, simple and wise

Say hello when meeting: "Good morning!"

Good morning! Sun and birds

Good morning! smiling faces!

And everyone becomes kind, trusting

Let the good morning last until the evening!

caregiver: Children, I am very glad to see that you are in a good mood. And today I want to tell you an extraordinary story. It is called THE FAIRY TALE, EXTRACTED FROM UNDER THE GROUND.

caregiver:

Do you want to listen?

caregiver:

What we don't have on earth!

And once, a long time ago, there was not much on earth.

There were no kettles, pencils, bicycles, televisions, and many other items that we now call essentials.

Well, since there was nothing of this on earth, we had to extract it from underground. Over time, people learned this.

First they mined teapots, frying pans, keys, and then steam locomotives and steamboats ...

Planes and Starships...

Spaceships fly into space, but they got them out of the ground!

True, not ready-made.

You won't find even a simple nail in finished form under the ground - unless that you will bury it there first.

Underground, everything is unfinished. Bicycles, frying pans, televisions, movie cameras underground in an unfinished form.

caregiver:

What do you think in the form of what?

Answers children.

caregiver: As mineral.

caregiver: Why useful?

Answers children.

caregiver: Why fossil?

Answers children.

caregiver A: Because it accounts for a lot of land dig to get what's for us on earth healthy.

Educator Do you want to know more about them?

caregiver:

It is very strong and resilient

Builders - reliable friend:

Houses, steps, pedestals

They will be beautiful and noticeable.

caregiver:

Granite - mineral resource. It is not only durable, but also beautiful. It is called decorative. It comes in different colors black, pink, green, yellow.

The black variety is the most common.

caregiver: Where do you think granite is used?

Answers children.

caregiver: Such rocks are widely used in architecture and construction.

Mineral resource of this type is an ideal material for finishing embankments, including the coastal strip. This stone is remarkably resistant to influence. time: Even after five hundred years, the destruction is just beginning to show. Atmospheric influences also have little effect on granite.

LIMESTONE

caregiver:

This master is white-white

The school does not lie without affairs:

Runs across the board

Leaves a white trail.

caregiver: Of course it's chalk. They call it Limestone.

Limestones are most often colors: white, grey, yellow, pink, "peach", gray-lilac, brown, brown, blue, as well as all their possible combinations and shades.

caregiver: Where do you think limestone is used?

Answers children.

caregiver: Limestone is the most important building material; facing slabs, wall blocks, sculptural and architectural and building products, crushed stone are made from it

Applies in the manufacture of paints, putties, rubber, plastics, soaps, medicines, mineral wool, for cleaning fabrics and leather, liming soils.

caregiver:

He really needs the kids

He's on the paths in the yard

He is at a construction site and on the beach,

It even melted into glass.

caregiver: Sand is a sedimentary rock that arose as a result of crushing and grinding hard rock particles.

caregiver: Where do you think sand is used?

Answers children.

caregiver: Application natural sand - the widest!

caregiver:

If you meet on the road

Then the legs get stuck a lot.

And to make a bowl or vase -

She'll be needed right away.

caregiver: Clay is a very common rock.

Clay is widespread in nature, occurs at shallow depths.

caregiver: Where do you think clay is used?

Answers children.

caregiver: Usually brick and tile factories are built on the clay deposit itself.

Clay is indispensable in art, plastic colored clay is an excellent material for creating sculptures. Deserved wide popularity in agriculture au pair: for laying furnaces, claying currents, whitewashing walls, etc.

COAL

caregiver:

It's black and shiny

A real helper for people.

It's light all around,

Helps to melt steel

Make paints and enamels.

caregiver:

Coal is a sedimentary rock that forms in the earth's seam.

caregiver: Where do you think coal is used?

Answers children.

caregiver: Coal is an excellent fuel. It is believed that this is the most ancient type of fuel used by our distant ancestors. Coal is a sedimentary rock that forms in the earth's seam. Coal is an excellent fuel.

caregiver:

Separately - I'm not so tasty

But white and salty

And in food - everyone needs. (salt)

caregiver: Salt When crushed, it is white crystals of various sizes.

caregiver: Where do you think salt is used?

Answers children.

caregiver: Salt has the main value in the food industry in the form of seasoning.

IRON ORE

caregiver:

She cooked for a long time

In the blast furnace

Got famous

Scissors, keys.

caregiver: Iron. Iron ore is a natural mineral formation.

caregiver: Where do you think iron ore is used?

Answers children.

caregiver A: Iron ore is the main raw material for iron production. It enters the open-hearth or converter production, as well as for the reduction of iron. From iron, as you know, they produce a wide variety of products, as well as from cast iron.

caregiver:

In mom's kitchen

The assistant is great.

He is a blue flower

Blooms from a match.

caregiver: Natural gas - mineral resource group of sedimentary rocks, which is a mixture of gases.

caregiver: Where do you think gas is used?

Answers children.

caregiver: Natural gas is used as a highly economical fuel for power plants, for the cement and glass industries, for ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, for the production of building materials, and for the production of various organic compounds. This important resource is used for and for household needs.

caregiver:

Won't run without her

No taxi, no motorbike

The rocket will not rise.

Guess: what is this?

caregiver: Oil is important mineral resource. It is of sedimentary origin and is mined all over the world.

caregiver: Where do you think oil is used?

Answers children.

caregiver: Freshly mined (raw) oil is not normally used. Fuel oil is obtained from oil, plastic and other materials are made from it. Thanks to this, the movement of transport throughout the planet does not stop. Most of the usual items are also made from petroleum-based materials. These are literally all the attributes of modern life, from packages and plastic windows to cases for the latest computers.

caregiver: Guys, today we will talk with you about mineral, which a person extracts in the mountains and bowels of the earth. And I have to you question: Are they accurate? useful?

Answers children

caregiver:

Burning peatlands occupy vast areas, the fire spreads very quickly and it is very difficult to extinguish it.

Oil spill

Risk of fire and/or explosion from gas.

caregiver: Guys, tell me it turns out that people without minerals can not be lived. And if so, how should a person act in relation to minerals?

Answers children.

caregiver:

Minerals are natural resources. Deep in the earth, sand, coal, oil, gas, granite, clay, peat, iron ore are waiting in the wings. All minerals nature itself creates. Nature needs not a year or two to turn ordinary stones into minerals. This takes thousands of years.

Outcome lessons:

Guys, our lesson has come to an end. Here you are come, go home today, and one of your relatives, mom, grandmother, dad or grandfather, will be asked what new you learned today, what will you tell them?

stories children.

Analysis teacher training

Synopsis of GCD for children of the preparatory group in natural science

"Human Use of Minerals"

Goals and objectives: To acquaint children with minerals and their role in human life. Learn to recognize fossil symbols. To develop the desire for search and cognitive activity, mental activity, the ability to observe, analyze, draw conclusions.

Integration of educational areas:knowledge, communication, health, artistic creativity.

Expected results.They have an elementary understanding of minerals and their use.

Previous work:conversations about minerals. Examination of a map of Russia with marked mineral deposits (oil, gas, coal, gold, salt, sand). Reading books: Felix Krivin "Tales extracted from the ground"; Bella Dizhur "From the foot to the peaks"; Victor Levin "Here it is, what kind of plastic"; Konstantin Lagunov "How they searched for Tyumen oil"; encyclopedia "Why" articles:

What is underground wealth;
Tale of coal;
What is iron made from?
Which is stronger, iron or steel?
What's inside the mine?
Where does gasoline come from.

Material: book exhibition. Didactic game "guess and name" (pictures depicting various objects and signs for designating minerals). Crossword "Fossils". A chest with a double bottom, and in it candies.

On the teacher's table:a glass of water, a bottle of recycled engine oil (instead of gasoline), a bird's feather, a piece of coarse salt, a plate of fine salt, a wooden mortar.

On the children's table:3 transparent plastic glasses, a teaspoon, plates with coarse and fine salt, plates of multi-colored bath salts, napkins. For each child an apron and sleeves.

The course of directly educational activities

The teacher, together with the children, examines the stand with the books that they have read about minerals. Reading conversation.

There is a knock on the door. Stranger enters.

Dunno. Hello adults and children. I have a big problem.

caregiver . Hello Dunno. What happened?

Dunno. My friends from Sunny City are going camping again. Look for some kind of is-ka-e-mye or is-on-ka-e-mye, ugh, you don’t remember. And they don't want to take me.(crying)

caregiver . First, they look for fossils. Why don't they take you with them? What have you done, Dunno, again?

Dunno. Yes, they say: “You Dunno, you don’t know anything. And again you will mix something up! And they gave me a real exam, asked different questions and riddles. And I couldn't answer them. They gave me a week's time to find the answers to them and to gain more mind-reason.

Educator. What riddles have you been given? Can our children help you solve them?

Dunno. Really, can you help? I wrote them down in my notebook.

Educator. Let's try. Read to us

Dunno reads riddles:

If you meet on the road

Then the legs get bogged down,

And to make a bowl or vase -

She'll be needed right away.

Children. Clay.

Dunno. I said dirt.

He really needs the kids

He's on the paths in the yard

He's at the construction site and on the beach

even melted in glass.

Children. Sand.

Dunno. I said rocks.

Won't run without her

No taxi, no motorbike.

The rocket will not rise.

Guess what it is?

Children. Oil.

Dunno. I said man.

It was boiled for a long time

In a blast furnace.

To make steel:

Machine tools, machines and keys.

Children. Iron ore.

Dunno. And I said cabbage soup.

It's black and shiny

real helper:

He brings warmth to the house,

It makes the houses light.

Helps melt steel.

Make paints and enamels.

Children. Coal.

Dunno. How do you guys know everything?

Children say what they know from the books they read and from the stories of their teachers.

Dunno. And what about clay, coal, sand and fossils? After all, fossils are chests with gold and silver hidden by pirates.

Educator. No, Dunno, we just wanted to talk about minerals in our lesson. Sit down and listen.

Children and Dunno sit down at the tables. Each child has a didactic game on the tables.Guess and name.

The teacher says:

When they say: “Underground wealth”, “Treasures of the bowels”, “Storage lands” - we are talking about minerals. If we managed to collect all the buried treasures with gold, silver, precious stones, then in comparison with the riches that nature itself has stored, our finds would turn out to be a mere trifle. You can do without chests, caskets, treasure chests. But without minerals, people would have had a hard time.

Once upon a time, there was not much on earth. There were no kettles, pencils, bicycles, TVs. Well, since there was nothing on the ground, we had to mine it from underground.

First they began to extract teapots, pans, keys, and then steam locomotives and steamboats ..., planes and starships. Spaceships fly into space, but they were mined from underground! The truth is not ready-made. You won’t find even a simple nail ready-made underground - unless you bury it there.

Why are they called useful? And why fossils?

That's right, because you have to dig a lot of land in order to get what is useful for us on earth.

To make glass and make a glass, you need a special ...(Children - sand). And this… To make the soup salty, you need(Children are salt). And this… (Children are a mineral).To make a porcelain soup plate, you need a special…(Children are clay). And this… (Children are a mineral).

And so - no matter what.

Children, what other minerals do you know?(Children call).

Dunno. Oh, how interesting. Thanks for teaching me.

Educator. Dunno, but minerals are designated by certain signs. And our children know some signs.

Children one at a time put up and name signs.

Educator. And now we'll play a game"Guess and name."On your table are pictures depicting various objects, you must put signs of the fossils from which they are made next to the picture.

Children lay out. And Dunno comes up to the children and asks why they put certain signs. The teacher and Dunno praise the children. Stranger offers to play. Children get up and from the table, go to the middle of the hall.

Physical education is carried out:

Here is Dunno charging.

Do it in order.

Get up quickly, smile

Higher, pull up higher

Well, straighten your shoulders

Pick up, let go.

They touched their hands with their knees.

Sit down - get up, sit down - get up.

I hope you are not tired?

You need to stand up

And breathe easier.

Let's spread our legs wider

As if in a dance - hands to the sides.

Left, right.

Turns out to fame. Well done!

Educator. Dunno, but our children are very fond of solving crossword puzzles. Here look.

(While the children are doing physical A minute and solve a crossword puzzle, the assistant teacher prepares tables for experiments).

How to call it in one word: oil, coal, gas ...(fossil)
They don’t eat it and without it they don’t eat much(salt)
The layer of earth that is used in the manufacture of glass(sand)
He runs across the board.

Does the right thing

Decided, peed,

Broke down and gone(a piece of chalk)

liquid combustible mineral(oil)

Dunno. And we are in the Sunny City, we also like to solve crossword puzzles. It is necessary to write down, and then invite friends to solve it. They will be surprised that I now know this!

Educator. Dunno, children, come to the table, I'll show you something. You already know what oil is for and what is made of it ( children call ). And tell me what she ischildren - black, oily, smells bad ...). Oil is a mineral resource. But oil, like other minerals, must be handled with care. And why?(children's answers ). Correctly! If oil gets into the sea, then the lake alone will float on the surface of the water and many animals, birds and plants will die from this. And if the oil catches fire, then it will be very difficult to put out such a fire. Look, I have some oil(the teacher invites the children and Dunno to smell). If I pour some oil into a glass of water, see what happens. The oil will float on the surface of the water. And now I will take a bird feather and put it in a glass. Oil remained on the feather. And, as we said, it is very dangerous for birds. This is why they die. This means that minerals must be handled very, very carefully.

And I have what else. What is this stone? Yes, it's edible salt. Salt is also a stone. Therefore, it is called stone. And we use edible salt in cooking. It is mined in the mountains, in special mines. Then they clean it, crush it, pack it and take it to the store where we buy it. They sell it not in the form of a stone, but already crumbly and in bags, it can be large and small .. and for this, as I have already said, it is crushed. (The teacher shows how small ones can be separated from a large piece). In factories, this is done with large crushing machines. And then they grind it with special millstones. Therefore, fine salt is obtained, and if it is correct to say - finely ground salt.(The teacher shows in a wooden mortar how coarse salt is obtained from a piece of salt, and then fine salt).

The teacher invites the children to put on aprons and sleeves and sit at their tables.

Educator. You have glasses of water on your tables and coarse and finely ground salt in plates. Let's do experiments.

1 experience. First, dissolve coarse salt in water.

2 experience. Now let's dissolve the fine salt.

Which one dissolves faster? Correctly, fine salt dissolves faster, so housewives often use finely ground salt.

And in stores and pharmacies, special sea salt and bath salts are sold. But these are other salts and cannot be used for food. Sea salt, many people gargle when they are sick. And how nice it is to take a bath if you add special salt to it. Yes, it still comes in different colors, depending on the herbal infusions added to them, it still smells good.

3 experience. The teacher distributes plates with multi-colored salt. Let's dissolve it in water and see what happens. I remind you once again that this is bath salt, you can’t eat it!

Dunno. That's lovely! I liked it so much! How many interesting things I learned. That I want to give you my favorite stones. True, they are beautiful! Just treasure!

Educator. Dunno, I have a magic chest. Let's put your pebbles in a chest and see what happens. (Dunno puts). And now let's say the magic words together: "CRIBLE, CRABLE, BOOM..."

The teacher opens the chest, and there are sweets.

The teacher and Dunno hand out sweets. The stranger says goodbye and leaves.

Name:
Nomination:

Position: teacher of the first qualification category
Place of work: MADOU No. 34
Location: Kurganinsk, Kurganinsky district, Krasnodar Territory

Synopsis of the GCD on local history in the preparatory group "Minerals"

Software content. To form initial ideas about the minerals of the Kuban. To consolidate knowledge about the work of adults in the region, professions through familiarization with the enterprises of the region. Emphasize the contribution of the Kuban to the development of the whole country.

Material. pictures (marl, sand, clay, oil, gas, marble, mineral water); (cards depicting industrial products from fossils, for example: gasoline - kerosene - brick); (a canvas depicting fossils and products made from them), a map of the Krasnodar Territory, symbols for designating fossils on the map., video projector, presentation "Minerals"

Preliminary work. Examination of the map of the Krasnodar Territory; didactic games "Third extra", "I don't exist without you"

Organizing time.

The teacher asks the children the following question:

Do you guys know what "minerals" are? (children's answers).

- What minerals are mined in our region.

The teacher invites the children to go to the cave, where there is a secret collection of minerals that are mined in our region.

Let's hear what they are talking about? (Yes)

Show presentation (slide number 1).

Sand:- I'm Sand, and where they just don't add me. I'll be honest: without me, not only to build a house, people will not be able to do real repairs. Can you tell me where they add me? (in earth, cement, lime).

The teacher offers to find out the properties of sand and make cakes from wet and dry sand and put them on a tray. Children determine that wet sand retains the shape of the container in which it was located, but dry sand does not.

AT. What conclusion follows from this experience? (Children's answers.)

Conclusion(the teacher helps to formulate): when the sand gets wet, the air between the edges of the grains of sand disappears, the wet edges stick together with each other. The teacher draws the attention of the children to the map. Reports that sand is mined in the area of Gulkevichi and Kropotkin. And near the village of Varenikovskaya, special sand is mined, from which glass is made.

What can be made from glass? (windows, vases, carafes, glasses, etc.) Children mark the city where the sand is mined with icons.

another, so wet sand retains the shape of the container.

Slide #2

- I, Marl or cement - the most important, the most necessary and necessary. Because it is to me that people owe the fact that they have cement. When this gray powder is mixed with water, a dough-like mass is obtained. It is impossible to do without it in construction. And after a while it becomes hard.

Educator:

“Now we are going to check it out.” - a teacher with children conducts an experiment with cement. Pour some water into the container and add cement and sand. Then the mixture is transferred to a mold and left to lie down for a while.

The teacher explains to the children that the sand cake will fall apart when it dries, and the sand cake, to which cement is added, will retain its shape forever. (Shows for comparison a little cake made of cement, fashioned the day before.)

Conclusion: sand mixed with cement is used in the construction of houses for their high strength.

What can be done with cement? (houses, bridges, platinum, etc.) The teacher draws the attention of the children to the map, informing the cities near which marl is mined (Sochi, Novorossiysk). Offers to mark with an icon.

slide number 3

Clay:- I don’t understand something, there is a conversation about construction, but no one notices me, as if without me they, these braggarts, are capable of something. I am Clay, the only lady, the softest and most docile. I am stronger than granite and iron.

Who knows what they make of me? (bricks, dishes, you can sculpt figurines, porcelain).

Fizminutka. The game "Sculptor and Clay"

One of the participants gets the role of Clay, the other - the Sculptor. The sculptor must invent and fashion a sculpture from the Clay, forming it from the body of the Clay. His touch should be soft but firm. At the same time, the clay should try to be soft and as relaxed as possible, keep the shape that the Sculptor sets for it (not "help" the Sculptor and not resist).

When the sculpture is sculpted, the Sculptor asks Clay if she likes everything. If not, correct the details of the sculpture or "rework" it until both participants are satisfied. Then the participants switch roles.

The teacher draws attention to the map and reports that clay is mined in different places and even here in Kurganinsk. “There is a brick factory in our city, where bricks are made from clay, and (the factory) is then fired in special kilns.”

Slide #4

Oil:- A shame! Horror! The only lady! Who do you think I am? Oh, sorry, I forgot to introduce myself. I am Oil, nicknamed "rock oil". Look how black and shiny and oily I am. I live underground and form rivers, lakes and even seas of oil there. And my character is very quick-tempered, I just light up a little. This is why people appreciate me.

What benefit do I bring to people?

After the children's answers, the teacher suggests considering materials made from oil (fabric, fur, plastic, wax, etc.).

Oil:— Oh, sorry, I forgot to introduce my companion — this Gas. He is always by my side, they called him “accompanying”.

Gas:- Good afternoon! Yes, Neft and I are friends. And we are the cheapest fossils. After all, the details of many machines, knitwear, fabrics and even shoes, are made from oil and gas. And how many animals are we saving by giving people artificial fur.

Where else is gas used? (in houses for heating and cooking, in cars, when welding pipes, etc.).

The teacher informs the children that oil and gas are produced in the Krasnodar Territory in the area of such cities as Abinsk, Khadyzhensk, Slavyansk-on-Kuban (children help find cities on the map and mark them with special icons).

Marble:- I am the old noble Marble - the most important thing, because I give people beauty. But if anyone is against it, then let people coat their houses with clay or oil for beauty, and make monuments out of sand.

Educator:— don't be upset, dear Marble. Guys, please tell me why people need marble? (for finishing and decorating houses, making monuments).

What is this bottled water? (mineral)

Why is she called that? (it contains minerals).

- How is it useful? (medical)

The teacher invites the children to try mineral water from different sources and tell how it differs.

The teacher reports that mineral water is also a mineral. By the name of the bottle you can find out where this water is produced. Then, together with the children, he finds settlements on the map where mineral water is mined and marked with icons.

Summary of the lesson.

- What minerals did you get acquainted with?

— Let's close our eyes now and imagine that these minerals do not exist. What will happen then? (children express their assumptions, then the teacher sums up). Yes, guys, if there were no fossils, we would not have cars now, no planes, no electricity, no beautiful clothes and many other interesting things. But even fossils must be treated very carefully, as they can also run out.

Application for the competition

Name: Synopsis of the GCD on local history in the preparatory group "Minerals"
Nomination: Kindergarten, Lesson notes, GCD, local history, Preparatory group for school