R is the universal gas constant. The universal gas constant is a universal, fundamental physical constant R, equal to the product of the Boltzmann constant k and the Avogadro constant

Physical meaning: Gas constant i is numerically equal to the work of expansion of one mole of an ideal gas in an isobaric process with an increase in temperature by 1 K

In the CGS system, the gas constant is:

The specific gas constant is:

In the formula we used:

Universal gas constant (Mendeleev's constant)

Boltzmann constant

Avogadro's number

Avogadro's Law - Equal volumes of different gases at constant temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.

There are 2 consequences of Avogadro's Law:

Corollary 1: One mole of any gas under the same conditions occupies the same volume

In particular, under normal conditions (T=0 °C (273K) and p=101.3 kPa), the volume of 1 mole of gas is 22.4 liters. This volume is called the molar volume of the gas Vm. You can recalculate this value to other temperatures and pressures using the Mendeleev-Clapeyron equation

1) Charles' law:

2) Gay-Lussac's law:

3) Law of Pain-Mariotte:

Consequence 2: The ratio of the masses of equal volumes of two gases is a constant value for these gases

This constant is called the relative density of gases and is denoted D. Since the molar volumes of all gases are the same (1st consequence of Avogadro's law), the ratio of the molar masses of any pair of gases is also equal to this constant:

In the formula we used:

Relative gas density

Molar masses

Pressure

Molar volume

Universal gas constant

Absolute temperature

Boyle Mariotte's law - At a constant temperature and mass of an ideal gas, the product of its pressure and volume is constant.

This means that as the pressure on the gas increases, its volume decreases, and vice versa. For a constant amount of gas, the Boyle-Mariotte law can also be interpreted as follows: at a constant temperature, the product of pressure and volume is a constant value. The Boyle-Mariotte law is fulfilled strictly for an ideal gas and is a consequence of Mendeleev's Clapeyron equation. For real gases, the Boyle-Mariotte law is fulfilled approximately. Almost all gases behave as ideal gases at not too high pressures and not too low temperatures.

To make it easier to understand Boyle's Law Mariotte Imagine that you are squeezing an inflated balloon. Since there is enough free space between the air molecules, you can easily, with some force and some work, compress the balloon, reducing the volume of gas inside it. This is one of the main differences between a gas and a liquid. In a ball of liquid water, for example, the molecules are tightly packed, as if the ball were filled with microscopic pellets. Therefore, water does not lend itself, unlike air, to elastic compression.

There is also:

Mendeleev's Clapeyron equation:

Charles' Law:

Gay Lussac's law:

In the law we used:

Pressure in 1 vessel

Volume of 1 vessel

Pressure in 2nd vessel

Volume 2 vessels

Gay-Lussac's law - at constant pressure, the volume of a constant mass of gas is proportional to the absolute temperature

GAS CONSTANT

(R), universal fn. constant included in the equation of state of 1 mole of an ideal gas: pv \u003d RT (see Clapeyron EQUATION), where p is pressure, v is the volume of a mole, T is abs. temp-pa. G. p. in its physical. meaning - the work of expanding 1 mole of an ideal gas under the post. pressure when heated by 1 K. On the other hand, G. p. is the difference in molar heat capacities at DC. pressure and at constant volume cp-cv=R (for all highly rarefied gases). The numerical value of G. p. in SI units (as of 1980) is 8.31441 (26) J / (mol K). In other units R \u003d 8.314 107 erg / (mol K) \u003d 1.9872 cal / (mol K) \u003d 82.057 cm3 atm / (mol K).

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"GAS CONSTANT" in books

23 GAS DYNAMICS

From the book Chaplygin author Gumilevsky Lev Ivanovich

23 GAS DYNAMICS A man of genius makes an impression on you of a completely special kind, which the most intelligent, most gifted of other people do not make: you see in him such a mind that is clear on the most difficult questions, which does not even understand what is difficult in them;

Gas welding

author Serikova Galina Alekseevna

Gas welding

Gas stove

From the book Kitchen of the Century author Pokhlebkin William Vasilievich

Gas stove Gas stoves first appeared in the USSR in the early 1930s, mainly after 1932 in newly built houses, primarily in Moscow, in the very center - in the Arbat, Kropotkinskaya and Ostozhenka districts. They immediately won the love of everyone who had to cook food.

Gas chamber

From the book The Death Penalty [History and types of capital punishment from the beginning of time to the present day] author Monestier Martin

Gas chamber Gas chamber for two. D.R. Thirty-four years after the first tests of the electric chair, driven by the idea of ​​progress, the Americans made another invention in the science of killing, enriching the arsenal of death penalty with a new method of strangulation -

gas street

From the book Streets of the Petrograd side. houses and people author Privalov Valentin Dmitrievich

Gas Street It starts from Pudozhskaya Street and goes to a dead end behind Levashovsky Prospekt. Until the 1950s reached the embankment. Karpovka. The street got its name on April 16, 1887. It is associated with a gas plant located at the end of the street (house number 10), which was built in 1877.

Gas geopolitics

From the author's book

Gas geopolitics For a whole year, the efforts of the West and its allies in the Persian Gulf destabilized the political situation in Libya, and then carried out direct military intervention. If Russia and China used their right of veto at the time, then

6.1. Gas welding

From the book Plumbing: A Practical Guide for a Locksmith author Kostenko Evgeny Maksimovich

6.1. Gas welding Welding is the process of obtaining a permanent connection of metals as a result of heating them with a heat source to the state of melting at the junction, pressure or friction. Welding is carried out with or without the addition of filler

Gas welding

From the book Welding. Practical guide author Kashin Sergey Pavlovich

Gas welding General information Flame metal processing (GOM), which includes gas welding, cutting and thermal spraying, is widespread in industry. These processes account for approximately 80% of the various types of HOM. A special place among

gas street

From the book Legendary streets of St. Petersburg author Erofeev Alexey Dmitrievich

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GAZOVAYA STREET

From the book Petersburg in street names. The origin of the names of streets and avenues, rivers and canals, bridges and islands author Erofeev Alexey

GAZOVAYA STREET Gasovaya street is located on the Petrograd side. It starts from Pudozhskaya Street and goes to a dead end behind Levashovsky Prospekt. Until the 1950s, it reached the Karpovka River. The name was given on April 16, 1887 and is due to the fact that at the end of the street (house number 10)

gas turbine

From the book Great Encyclopedia of Technology author Team of authors

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Gas welding

From the book Welding author Bannikov Evgeny Anatolievich

Gas welding Gas welding is called fusion welding using the heat of combustible gases. To melt metals, the heat of the flame of a mixture of gases and oxygen burned with a special burner is used. Gas welding is classified according to the type of gas used

gas gangrene

TSB

Gas constant

From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (GA) of the author TSB

Specific gas constant

From the book Universal Encyclopedic Reference author Isaeva E. L.

Specific gas constant Kilogram-force-meter per kilogram-degree Celsius (9.80665 J/(kg'

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Universal gas constant- a constant equal to the work of expansion of one mole of an ideal gas in an isobaric process with an increase in temperature by 1. It was first put into use by D. I. Mendeleev in the year. Denoted by a Latin letter R .

general information

R = 8,3144598(48) J ⁄ (mol∙K) .

Unable to parse expression (executable file texvc not found; See math/README for setup help.): R = k N_(\!^A).

The universal gas constant is more convenient in calculations when the number of particles is given in moles.

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Notes

see also

An excerpt characterizing the Universal Gas Constant

– But you saw how greedily the Occitans listened to this Knowledge! And the rest of Europe too! I exclaimed in surprise.
– Yes... But I also saw something else - how simply they were destroyed... And this means that they were not ready for this.
– But when, in your opinion, will people be “ready”?.. – I was indignant. Or will it never happen?
- It will happen, my friend ... I think. But only when people finally understand that they are able to protect this same Knowledge... – here Sever unexpectedly smiled like a child. – Magdalena and Radomir lived in the Future, you see... They dreamed of a wonderful One World... A world in which there would be one common Faith, one ruler, one speech... And in spite of everything, they taught... Resisting Magi... Without obeying the Lord... And for all that, understanding well that even their distant great-grandchildren will probably not yet see this wonderful "single" world. They just fought... For the light. For knowledge. For the Earth. Such was their Life... And they lived it without betraying.
I again plunged into the past, in which this amazing and unique story still lived ...
There was only one sad cloud that cast a shadow on the brightening mood of Magdalena - Vesta suffered deeply from the loss of Radomir, and no "joys" could distract her from this. Having finally learned about what had happened, she completely closed her little heart from the world around her and experienced her loss alone, not allowing even her beloved mother, the bright Magdalene, to come to her. So she wandered for days on end, restless, not knowing what to do with this terrible misfortune. There was also no brother with whom Vesta used to share joys and sorrows. Well, she herself was still too small to be able to overcome such a heavy grief, an exorbitant burden that fell on her fragile childish shoulders. She wildly missed her beloved, the best dad in the world, and could not understand in any way where those cruel people who hated him and who killed him came from? There was nothing left at all that was connected with their warm and always joyful communication. And Vesta suffered deeply, in an adult way ... She only had a memory left. And she wanted to return him alive! .. She was still too small to be content with memories! .. Yes, she remembered very well how, curled up in his strong arms, with bated breath, she listened to amazing stories, catching every word, afraid to miss the most important... And now her wounded heart demanded it all back! Dad was her fairy-tale idol... Her wonderful world, closed from the rest, in which only the two of them lived... And now this world is gone. Evil people took him away, leaving only a deep wound that she herself could not heal.

1 mole of an ideal gas: pv \u003d RT (see CLAPEYRON EQUATION), where p - , v - mole volume, T - abs. temp-pa. G. p. in its physical. sense - the expansion of 1 mole of an ideal gas under the post. pressure when heated by 1 K. On the other hand, G. p. is the difference in molar heat capacities at DC. pressure and at constant volume cp-cv=R (for all highly rarefied gases). The numerical value of G. p. in SI units (as of 1980) is 8.31441 (26) J / (mol K). In other units R \u003d 8.314 107 erg / (mol K) \u003d 1.9872 cal / (mol K) \u003d 82.057 cm3 atm / (mol K).

Physical Encyclopedic Dictionary. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. Editor-in-Chief A. M. Prokhorov. 1983 .

See what the "GAS CONSTANT" is in other dictionaries:

Physical constant included in the equation of state of 1 mole of an ideal gas; denoted by R, equal to 8.314 J / (K.mol) \u003d 1.987 cal / (K.mol) ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (notation R), the universal constant in the gas equation (see LAW OF IDEAL GAS), also called the universal molar gas constant, is 8.314510 JK 1 mol 1 ... Scientific and technical encyclopedic dictionary

gas constant- - [A.S. Goldberg. English Russian Energy Dictionary. 2006] Topics energy in general EN gas constant … Technical Translator's Handbook

The universal gas constant R0 ≈ 8.314 kJ/(kmol K) is a fundamental physical constant. Individual gas constant R \u003d R0 / M, kJ / (kg K) constant for a gas or gas mixture of a specific molar mass ... Wikipedia

Physical constant included in the equation of state of 1 mole of an ideal gas; denoted R, equal to 8.314 J / (K mol) \u003d 1.987 cal / (K mol). * * * GAS CONSTANT GAS CONSTANT, a physical constant included in the equation of state (see ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

gas constant- dujų konstanta statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. gas constant vok. Gaskonstante, f rus. gas constant, fpranc. constante de gaz, f … Fizikos terminų žodynas

gas constant- gas constant ... Dictionary of chemical synonyms I Natural science. encyclopedic Dictionary