When distributing journals by the number of relevant (corresponding to the user's information task) publications, the method of counting the number of these publications can be used as the main indicator. Such a distribution is expedient when organizing self-information, that is, when highlighting the "core" of journals that the user himself should view. The distribution of the average volume of articles by authors, individual areas, authors and organizations (scientific or project), regions should be carried out in a tabular form through multifactorial indicators.
Thus, in the method of counting publications, the meter is the number of scientific products (books, articles, reports, etc.) combined by the general term - "publication". Although the scientometric indicator "number of scientific publications" has been developed better than others, in specific cases of its application, it is necessary to carry out a formalized procedure for "weighing" publications of different types and individual publications.
The distribution of scientists by the number of publications makes it possible to reveal not only productivity, but also the rank of a scientist, and, consequently, his significance. This helps to justify the inclusion of this researcher's work in the bibliography of his dissertation research. The distribution of publications by scientific fields for different countries provides an opportunity to get an idea of the relative level of development of individual branches of science in countries, which can be used in developing a decision on the study of publications of a particular country as part of their research work.
Quote-index method
The citation index method is based on the obligatory citations in scientific publications; it is based on a scientometric indicator - number of links. This method is used to measure the parameters of science and the product of the work of a scientist - a scientific publication. Prospects for the development of the citation index method are largely associated with the development of computer networks for accounting for citations.
The distribution of journals by their citation is possible in several ways. One of them is the distribution by the number of references to them, the other - by the number of references to them, divided by the number of publications placed in these journals.
There are other scientometric methods for evaluating the scientific work of individual authors, scientific schools, branches of science, and the like.
In search of evaluation criteria in Western scientometrics, a "citation index" was proposed. In fact, this is the number of references to the work of this researcher in the relevant field of scientific knowledge for a specific period.
Citation Index
Citation Index (CI) - an abstract base of scientific publications, indexes the links indicated in the article lists of these publications and provides quantitative indicators for these links.
The first citation index was associated with legal references and dates back to 1873 (Shepard's Citations). In 1960, the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), founded by Eugene Garfield, introduced the first citation index for articles published in scientific journals, marking the beginning of such an IC as " Science Citation Index)", and then including the citation indices of the social sciences ("Social Sciences Citation Index") and the arts ("Arts and Humanities Citation Index"). Since 2006, other sources of similar data have appeared, such as Google Scholar .
Citation metrics
The main indicator of citation is the cumulative citation index - the total number of references to all the works of the author for the entire time of his activity. This index characterizes a scientist as such, actively working, provided that his work has more than 100 references over the past 7 years.
Other indicators are the number of indexed works (similar to the list of scientific papers) and the citation index of one work - the average number of citations per work included in the index.
hirsch index
The h-index (h-index) is a scientometric indicator proposed in 2005. American physicist Jorge Hirsch of the University of San Diego, California. The h-index is a quantitative characteristic of a scientist's productivity in terms of the number of his publications and citations of these publications. The index is calculated based on the distribution of citations of the researcher's papers.
By Hirsch's suggestion, a scientist has an index, and if his Np articles are cited at least and once each, while the rest (Np- h) Articles are cited no more than once each. In other words, a scientist with an index also published articles, each of which was cited at least once.
So, if a researcher has 100 articles published, each of which has only one link, his h-index is 1. The same will be the h-index of a researcher who published one article that was cited 100 times. Time (a more realistic case), if a researcher has 1 paper with 9 citations, 2 papers with 8 citations, 3 papers with 7 citations..., 9 papers with 1 citation each, then his h-index is 5.
Usually the distribution of the number of publications N(q) depending on the number of citations q for a very rough approximation corresponds to a hyperbole: N(q)" const × q1. The coordinate of the point of intersection of this curve with a straight line N(q) = q and is equal to the Hirsch index.
The h-index was designed to better measure a researcher's scientific output than simple measures such as total publications/total citations.
However, this index is only relevant when comparing scientists working in the same field of research, since the traditions associated with citation differ in different fields of science (for example, in biology and medicine, the u-index is much higher than in physics). Normally, the h-index of a physicist is approximately equal to the duration of his scientific career in years, while that of an outstanding physicist is twice as high.
Hirsch believes that in physics (and in US realities) h-index 10-12 can be one of the determining factors for the decision to grant a researcher a permanent position at a large research university; researcher level with h-index, 15-20, corresponds to membership in the American Physical Society; an index of 45 and above may mean membership in the National Academy of Sciences of the CELA.
The h-index is, of course, not perfect. It is not difficult to think of a situation where the h-index gives a completely wrong assessment of the significance of the researcher. In particular, the short career of a scientist is the basis for underestimating the significance of his work. So, the h-index of the French mathematician Evariste Galois is 2 and will remain so forever. If Albert Einstein had died in early 1906, his h-index would have stopped at 4 or 5, despite the extremely high importance of the papers he published in 1905.
Today, in Western countries, the citation index is recognized as one of the most effective world systems of scientific information. The structure of the citation index provides it with a fairly wide range of functions, the main of which are:
1) information retrieval to serve individual researchers and scientific organizations;
2) the use of links between publications to identify the structure of areas of knowledge, observation and forecasting of their development;
3) assessment of the quality of publications and their authors by the scientific community. A comprehensive assessment of the citation index allows you to evaluate scientific departments according to which scientists are included in them. It is widely used to evaluate journals, scientific societies, editorial boards, etc.
Task: discover h-index (h-index) any author, as well as his scientometric indicators (number of publications and number of citations) in eLIBRARY.RU (RSCI), Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar.
Summary of the article (click the item for a quick jump):
1. Hirsch index according to RSCI
Russian Science Citation Index () - bibliographic database of scientific publications of Russian scientists. As of 2017, the eLIBRARY.ru database contains more than 24 million articles. eLIBRARY.RU and RSCI are developed and supported by the Scientific Electronic Library company.
eLIBRARY.RU is an open platform where you can watch everything for free. Author profiles and their scientometric indicators are available without registration.
So, on the main page of eLIBRARY.RU we find the block on the left " Navigator". Select the item" Author index", since it contains all the information about the authors indexed in the RSCI.
For our example, the author is important, which is in all databases. Therefore, the criterion for choosing the author was the maximum number of citations in the RSCI. On the Author Index page, we sort the authors by the number of citations, the rest of the sorting is optional. You can immediately search for a specific author by last name, city, etc.
As we can see, the main scientometric indicators are already displayed on the authors search page: the number of publications, the number of citations, and the Hirsch index. For more detailed statistics, you can click on the picture with the diagram, as shown in the figure.
Thus, the sought-after author Geim Andrey Konstantinovich. Let's give an example of searching for a specific author. In order to find a specific author, it is enough to insert his last name in the last name field (first name, patronymic - optional). Below is the result of a search by last name.
By clicking on the author's diagram icon, we will go to the "Analysis of the author's publication activity" page. The page displays the main indicators of the author and his place of work (binding by article). In order to find out if the author has an article in Scopus and Web of Science, you can Go to the right in the "Navigation" block by clicking the "Display a list of the author's publications" link.
Thus, we will have an idea whether the author has publications in Scopus and Web of Science. However, these data are rather inaccurate, since the eLIbrary.ru system is such that it selects all articles of the journal that is currently included in the database, not taking into account the time factor of its inclusion, that is, some articles may not be in Scopus or Web of Science. This search can be useful if you do not know how the author transliterates his last name, often complex authors' last names, for example, Zuckerman can be spelled differently: Zuckermann , Cukierman, Zukerman , Zuckerman, Zukerman, Tsukerman, etc. The picture below shows that the searched author is always typed in the same way. Geim A.K. , the number of publications and citations in Scopus and Web of Science is also available for us, but the h-index is not available to us.
Summary of the RSCI
The RSCI is a convenient open system, however, some of the data can be classified as unreliable, since if a journal is included in the VAK list today, then all articles are automatically placed in the pool with "VAK" articles, which is wrong, since the list of journals can include only a year, and exist decades before that.
2. Hirsch index by Scopus
http://www.scopus.com/) is the world's largest unified abstract database that indexes more than 21 thousand titles of scientific, technical and medical journals from about 5 thousand international publishers.
The search results are shown below. We got 1 match.
On the left side of the page there is an interesting chart of citations and documents by year. As we can see, the author publishes about 20 publications annually, and the number of citations increases, for example, in recent years up to 20 thousand.
Scopus resume
In general, Scopus is a closed system, but the presence of open information makes it possible to assess the reliability of the information provided by the author. Scopus is clearly superior to the Russian system eLIBRARY.RU in terms of the amount of information processed.
3. Hirsch index by Web of Science
Platform web of science combines the Web of Science Core collection with regional citation indexes, patent data, specialized subject indexes, and a research dataset index, totaling more than 33,000 journals.
Search on Web of Science is not possible without registration, there is no data in the public domain. Log in with your username and password.
We select in the field indicated by the arrow "Author", then click on "Select from index". The author selection page is shown below, we type Geim in the search field and we get a list of similar names. You can choose one or two values that suit. Next, click on the OK button below.
By clicking on the OK button, we again move to the search page. As you can see, the required surname and initials have been added to the search field.
Press the "Search" button. We get to the results page. To get the desired indicators of the author, click on the link indicated by the red arrow "Create a citation report".
We get a detailed citation report. As you can see, the searched author has 296 publications in total, the h-index or h-index is 96, and the number of citations is 139241 in 64313 documents.
You can also see a graph of citations by year and other information.
Web of Science resume
There is no way to go to the author's profile, the search is associated with difficulties, especially when searching for transliterated Russian surnames, the h-index indicator is calculated from the search results, the search may not be complete due to the omission of some articles. The biggest disadvantage is closed access.
4. Hirsch index by Google Scholar
As a result, we get a page with found articles. In case there is an active author profile, we can follow the link as indicated by the arrow in the picture below. There are no links, then the author is not registered.
Google Scholar in this case provides significant extended open source statistics. This author considers h-index and i10-index.
Google Scholar Resume
5. Comparison of indicators of the Hirsch index RSCI, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar
As a result, we considered data from 4 scientometric databases for one author. All data are summarized in a table for clarity.
As can be seen from the table, the indicators of Scopus and Web of Science are close, in the RSCI there is about 30% less data on publications. Google Scholar did not participate in the rating due to the lack of an author's profile, and, accordingly, reliable data. We also note that almost all databases provide open access to information about the author and his scientometric indicators.
The year 2005 can be considered the beginning of the Russian Science Citation Index project, when a Russian mechanism for evaluating and analyzing scientific publications was developed at the site of the scientific electronic library. The aim of the project was to create an objective indicator of the citation of domestic scientists. The number of publications before the start of the Russian index, falling into international ratings, was only 10 of all published.
What is RISC
The Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI) system is a domestic citation database for fundamental, academic and applied research.
At the moment, the database archive contains more than 12 million different publications, more than 600 thousand scientists, researchers, and teachers are actively publishing their works.
There are 11 thousand scientific organizations registered on the elibrary.ru platform related to all branches of science. At least 3,000 new texts are added to the RSCI list every day.
The basis of the citation system is the indexing of all printed and electronic publications published in the specialized literature. Each publication of the RSCI list has an abstract index, which includes:
- output,
- text author,
- meaningful words,
- area/areas of study,
- a short description of the article,
- list of sources.
The RSCI system solves a number of the most important tasks of science:
- analyze and evaluate the citation of domestic scientists, professors, scientists;
- create a single complete list of scientific publications, an authoritative independent database;
- to form a multifunctional search system, a navigation system for articles, publications, specialized journals.
The Russian Citation Index is the main citation system in Russia today, which includes all information about various studies (monographs, manuals, conference proceedings, articles, dissertations). The RSCI database is in free public access. Official site.
Figure 1 - Main page of the RSCI website
The difference between HAC and RSCI
Some confuse the list of journals of the Higher Attestation Commission and the list of the Russian index, which is fundamentally wrong. Publicism, included in the scientific database and VAK, are two separate catalogues.
The scientific database registry has been expanded to include the most authoritative periodicals in Russia.
The citation index itself is a tool that makes it possible to find out the level of periodicals, objective criteria for its importance and popularity (impact factor).
Every scientist or research organization strives for high citation rates in the RSCI as an assessment of effectiveness.
But the applicant for a scientific degree needs to publish his articles only in those journals that are approved by the Higher Attestation Commission.
The list of the attestation commission is much smaller. A journal included in the Russian citation database is not automatically included in the VAK.
Impact factor RSCI
The impact factor (IF) is a quantitative indicator of the value of a journal, its importance and significance. There are different approaches to calculating the IF: for two, three, five previous years. Many organizations define the factor in their own developed ways.
The impact factor of Russian journals is determined according to the classical method:
IF = a/b, where
a - the number of cited journal articles for the previous conditional period (2 or 5 years),
b is the number of all publications for the same conditional period.
The Russian Citation Index calculates two sets of IFs:
- in the first factor for b, all references in all sources are considered, including texts without clear authorship;
- in the second IF, only author's articles from domestic journals are taken to calculate b.
What is the core of the RSCI
In 2015, an agreement was concluded with Web of Science that a Russian database of cited articles would be hosted on their site. This includes the most successful domestic publications. The best journals, as well as individual articles included in the international database, form the core of the Russian citation index.
The development stage assumed that the "core" would include the TOP-1000 domestic journals. This TOP is not static, every year there is a selection of journals corresponding to a high level.
To date, the core consists of almost 700 copies of periodicals.
The difference between the domestic and foreign citation index is that the foreign index counts only “its own” publications, while all information is available to the Russian scientific citation index.
If a graduate student, young scientist or teacher needs an article not for “extras”, but for serious argumentation in the defense of a Ph.D. or deep immersion in science, then it is important to strive to publish the work in the TOP.
How to get into the RSCI
Registration in the electronic library RSCI elibrary ru is required if necessary:
- get access to all available materials of the electronic library;
- manage site navigation (save search history, customize the panel, etc.);
- form a personal selection of texts, publications, collections;
- enter the site, post the publication as its author.
To get into the search engine, you must first register as a user. This will enable entry and access to the entire RSCI database.
The Russian Science Citation Index can be used as an assessment tool, having passed the secondary registration, already as an author.
It will be possible to enter the database to use new services (publish or index your own article, calculate the index) no earlier than in a week (the process of checking the questionnaire and confirming registration takes so long).
Scientific journals RSCI
The electronic scientific library of the RSCI includes almost 7,000 titles. Of these, on the elibrary site:
- 5600 publications are presented in full,
- open free access have 4800 journals.
The RSCI list is regularly updated and expanded.
There is an index on the site - "search for magazines". Various parameters allow you to quickly find the edition you are looking for (Fig. 2).
Figure 2 - Catalog of logs included in the database
The RSCI list includes a variety of periodicals, which include (Fig. 3):
- highly specialized (from astronomy to linguistics),
- multidisciplinary journals (technical, humanitarian or in all areas of science).
Figure 3 - Thematic list of journals
RSCI conference
Since 2011, scientific conferences of the RSCI have been held, at which various aspects of scientific activity are studied. On the official website you can find information about both past events and upcoming ones.
Some universities hold similar events, as a result of which the most relevant materials, outstanding speeches, and conclusions are summarized in a common collection. The publishers of such collections strive to index them in the scientific citation base, but the publication does not always pass a rigorous check.
The publication in the RSCI of the results of a conference of a university is a criterion of high quality
Publication in the RSCI collection allows young scientists to increase their citation index. That is why not only professionals and narrow specialists, but also university professors and graduate students who are fond of science, strive to get into them.
E-library for authors
- through the usual user registration, after which fill out an additional questionnaire (personal profile);
- through the publishing house or organization where the author works or teaches (Fig. 4).
Figure 4 - Registration in the RSCI
- Enter "manually" a full abstract description of the published manuscript.
- Use a template with a link to an article already published on another site (if information about it is already in the database).
- Add an article using the DOI code (if the journal uses this method of identification). The article search procedure, in this case, is automatic.
How to find out the author's citation index
Determining the number of cited articles is an important factor for a scientist. The RSCI citation index is calculated automatically by the electronic library server. How to find out the RSCI index:
- through the search "My citations" in the personal profile,
- through the "Author's index", after filling in the full name column.
To find out your Hirsch index or your colleague's Hirsch index, follow the link to find the author. Enter the last name or other known search parameters. At the output, you can immediately see information about the citation of the author.
Next to the citation of publications is a colored icon, by clicking on it you can get detailed detailed information.
SCIENCE INDEX system
In 2011, the analytical part was “built on” over the common database - the SCIENCE INDEX system for organizations and publishers. The institution concludes an agreement, after which it can:
- add not only a new publication, but also monographs, results and conclusions of their own conferences, announcements of upcoming events on the basis of their institution;
- manage the entire set of tools necessary for the analysis and evaluation of publications (both at the level of an organization and department, and at the level of an individual scientist);
- carry out the most detailed analysis and calculation of scientometric indicators (individual and complex);
- independent control over publication activity.
The RSCI system requires additional registration, which is possible only after a thorough check. If the publications of the author or edition are approved by the Higher Attestation Commission, they can do this without difficulty. A separate heading in the personal user section is the paragraph “register in the system as the author of publications” (Fig. 5).
When concluding an agreement, a scientific organization prescribes in the agreement which of its employees will coordinate the work with the citation index.
Author ID and Author SPIN
An individual AuthorID is assigned to each registered author. This personal number allows you to identify a person in the database, take part in scientific events, apply for grants, and publish in specialized periodicals.
ID search:
- entry to the author's personal page,
- the ID pointer will be under the full name.
With the introduction of the SCIENCE INDEX system, it became possible to independently analyze publication activity (refine lists, check publication, calculate the index).
This system requires additional registration, after which the author is assigned a SPIN code.
The definition of the SPIN code can also be found in the personal profile, which reflects its publishing activity
The RSCI covers an impressive volume of scientific publications by Russian authors. All forecasts indicate that in the near future the RSCI database of the Russian Science Citation Index will only increase. An important difference from international systems is that on the domestic platform you can register for free and have access to almost the entire citation database. The main functions of the Russian parameter are the analysis and evaluation of publications by Russian scientists, as well as the source and search engine of all specialized periodicals.
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