Russian cities by population. Urban and rural population

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List of cities in the world by population with a population of over 4 million as of January 2015. There are 3 cities with a population of more than 20 million people and 16 cities with a population of more than 10 million people. The largest cities are Shanghai (24,150,000), Karachi (23,500,000) and Beijing (21,150,000). There are two Russian cities among the largest cities: Moscow (10th place) and St. Petersburg (43rd place). The table shows the population of cities without taking into account the suburbs.

Cities by population

#	City	Population (people)	City area (km 2)	Population density (person / km 2)	The country
1	Shanghai	24,150,000 (with rural suburbs)	6 340,50	3 809	PRC PRC
2	Karachi	23 500 000	3 527,00	6 663	Pakistan Pakistan
3	Beijing	21,516,000 (with rural suburbs)	16 410,54	1 311	PRC PRC
4	Delhi	16 314 838	1 484,00	7 846	india india
5	Lagos	15 118 780	999,58	17 068	Nigeria Nigeria
6	Istanbul	13 854 740	5 461,00	6 467	Turkey Turkey
7	Guangzhou	13 080 500	3 843,43	3 305	PRC PRC
8	Mumbai	12 478 447	603,40	20 680	india india
9	Tokyo	13 370 198	622,99	14 562	japan japan
10	Moscow	12 197 596	2 561,50	4 814	Russia, Russia
11	Dhaka	12 043 977	815,80	14 763	Bangladesh Bangladesh
12	Cairo	11 922 949	3 085,10	3 864	Egypt Egypt
13	Sao Paulo	11 895 893	1 521,11	7 762	Brazil Brazil
14	Lahore	11 318 745	1 772,00	3 566	Pakistan Pakistan
15	Shenzhen	10 467 400	1 991,64	5 255	PRC PRC
16	seoul	10 388 055	605,21	17 164	The Republic of Korea The Republic of Korea
17	Jakarta	9 988 329	664,12	15 040	Indonesia Indonesia
18	Kinshasa	9 735 000	1 117,62	8 710	Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo
19	Tianjin	9 341 844	4 037,00	2 314	PRC PRC
20	mexico city	8 874 724	1 485,49	5 974	Mexico Mexico
21	Lima	8 693 387	2 672,30	3 253	Peru Peru
22	Bangalore	8 425 970	709,50	11 876	india india
23	London	8 416 535	1 572,15	5 354	UK UK
24	New York	8 405 837	783,84	10 724	USA USA
25	Bangkok	8 280 925	1 568,74	5 280	Thailand Thailand
26	dongguan	8 220 207	2 469,40	3 329	PRC PRC
27	Tehran	8 154 051	686,00	11 886	Iran Iran
28	Ahmedabad	8 029 975	475,00	11 727	india india
29	Bogota	7 776 845	859,11	9 052	Colombia Colombia
30	Ho Chi Minh City	7 681 700	2 095,60	3 667	vietnam vietnam
31	Hong Kong	7 219 700	1 104,43	6 537	PRC PRC
32	Baghdad	7 180 889	4 555,00	1 577	Iraq Iraq
33	Wuhan	6 886 253	1 327,61	5 187	PRC PRC
34	Hyderabad	6 809 970	621,48	10 958	india india
35	Hanoi	6 844 100	3 323,60	2 059	vietnam vietnam
36	Luanda	6 542 944	2 257,00	2 899	angola angola
37	Rio de Janeiro	6 429 923	1 200,27	5 357	Brazil Brazil
38	Foshan	6 151 622	2 034,62	3 023	PRC PRC
39	Santiago	5 743 719	1 249,90	4 595	Chile Chile
40	Riyadh	5 676 621	1 233,98	4 600	Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia
41	Singapore	5 399 200	712,40	7 579	Singapore Singapore
42	Shantou	5 391 028	2 064,42	2 611	PRC PRC
43	St. Petersburg	5 225 690	1 439,00	3 631	Russia, Russia
44	Pune	5 049 968	450,69	6 913	india india
45	Ankara	5 045 083	1 910,92	2 282	Turkey Turkey
46	chennai	4 792 949	426,51	21 057	india india
47	Abidjan	4 765 000	2 119,00	2 249	Cote d'Ivoire Cote d'Ivoire
48	Chengdu	4 741 929	421,00	11 260	PRC PRC
49	Yangon	4 714 000	598,75	7 873	Myanmar Myanmar
50	Alexandria	4 616 625	2 300,00	2 007	Egypt Egypt
51	chongqing	4 513 137	1 435,07	3 145	PRC PRC
52	Calcutta	4 486 679	200,70	24 252	india india
53	Xi'an	4 467 837	832,17	5 388	PRC Links . geogoroda.ru. Retrieved 14 July 2016. An excerpt characterizing the List of cities in the world by population Napoleon enters Moscow after a brilliant victory de la Moskowa; there can be no doubt about victory, since the battlefield remains with the French. The Russians retreat and give up the capital. Moscow, filled with provisions, weapons, shells and untold riches, is in the hands of Napoleon. The Russian army, twice as weak as the French, does not make a single attempt to attack for a month. Napoleon's position is the most brilliant. In order to fall on the remnants of the Russian army with double strength and exterminate it, in order to negotiate a favorable peace or, in case of refusal, to make a threatening movement on Petersburg, in order even, in case of failure, to return to Smolensk or Vilna , or stay in Moscow - in order, in a word, to keep the brilliant position in which the French army was at that time, it would seem that no special genius is needed. To do this, it was necessary to do the simplest and easiest thing: to prevent the troops from plundering, to prepare winter clothes, which would be enough in Moscow for the entire army, and to correctly collect provisions for the entire army that were in Moscow for more than six months (according to French historians). Napoleon, the most brilliant of geniuses and having the power to direct the army, historians say, did nothing of the sort. Not only did he not do any of this, but, on the contrary, he used his power to choose from all the paths of activity presented to him that which was the most stupid and pernicious of all. Of all that Napoleon could do: spend the winter in Moscow, go to St. Petersburg, go to Nizhny Novgorod, go back, north or south, the way that Kutuzov went later - well, whatever you think up is more stupid and more pernicious than what he did Napoleon, that is, to remain in Moscow until October, leaving the troops to plunder the city, then, hesitating whether to leave or not to leave the garrison, leave Moscow, approach Kutuzov, do not start fighting, go to the right, reach Maly Yaroslavets, again without experiencing the chance to break through , to go not along the road along which Kutuzov went, but to go back to Mozhaisk and along the devastated Smolensk road - nothing could be more stupid than this, more detrimental to the army, as the consequences showed. Let the most skillful strategists come up with, imagining that Napoleon's goal was to destroy his army, come up with another series of actions that would, with the same certainty and independence from everything that the Russian troops undertake, would completely destroy the whole French army, like what Napoleon did. The brilliant Napoleon did it. But to say that Napoleon destroyed his army because he wanted it, or because he was very stupid, would be just as unfair as to say that Napoleon brought his troops to Moscow because he wanted it, and because that he was very smart and brilliant. In both cases, his personal activity, which had no more power than the personal activity of each soldier, only coincided with the laws according to which the phenomenon took place. Quite falsely (only because the consequences did not justify the activities of Napoleon) historians present to us the strength of Napoleon weakened in Moscow. He, just as before, as after, in the 13th year, used all his skill and strength to do the best for himself and his army. Napoleon's activity during this time is no less amazing than in Egypt, in Italy, in Austria and in Prussia. We do not know correctly about the extent to which the genius of Napoleon was real in Egypt, where forty centuries looked at his greatness, because all these great feats are described to us only by the French. We cannot correctly judge his genius in Austria and Prussia, since information about his activities there must be drawn from French and German sources; and the incomprehensible surrender of corps without battles and fortresses without siege should incline the Germans to recognize genius as the only explanation for the war that was waged in Germany. But there is no reason for us to recognize his genius in order to hide our shame, thank God. We have paid to have the right to simply and directly look at the matter, and we will not cede this right. His activity in Moscow is as amazing and ingenious as elsewhere. Orders after orders and plans after plans come from him from the moment he enters Moscow until he leaves it. The absence of residents and deputations, and the fire of Moscow itself, do not bother him. He does not lose sight of either the good of his army, or the actions of the enemy, or the good of the peoples of Russia, or the administration of the valleys of Paris, or diplomatic considerations about the forthcoming conditions of peace. In military terms, immediately after entering Moscow, Napoleon strictly orders General Sebastiani to follow the movements of the Russian army, sends corps along different roads, and orders Murat to find Kutuzov. Then he diligently orders the strengthening of the Kremlin; then he makes an ingenious plan for a future campaign across the entire map of Russia. In terms of diplomacy, Napoleon calls to himself the robbed and ragged captain Yakovlev, who does not know how to get out of Moscow, sets out to him in detail all his policy and his generosity and, writing a letter to Emperor Alexander, in which he considers it his duty to inform his friend and brother that Rostopchin badly ordered in Moscow, he sends Yakovlev to Petersburg. Having set out in the same detail his views and generosity before Tutolmin, he sends this old man to St. Petersburg for negotiations.

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The population of modern Russia lives mainly in cities. In pre-revolutionary Russia, the rural population predominated, currently the urban population dominates (73%, 108.1 million people). up to Until 1990, Russia experienced a steady increase in the urban population, contributing to the rapid increase in its share in the population of the country. If in 1913 the urban population accounted for only 18%, in 1985 - 72.4%, then in 1991 their number reached 109.6 million people (73.9%).

The main source of the steady growth of the urban population during the Soviet period was the influx of rural residents into the cities as a result of the redistribution between and agriculture. An important role in ensuring high rates of annual growth of the urban population is played by the transformation of some rural settlements into urban ones with a change in their functions. To a much lesser extent, the urban population of the country grew due to the natural increase in the population of cities.

Since 1991 for the first time in many decades in Russia urban population began to decline. In 1991, the urban population decreased by 126 thousand people, in 1992 - by 752 thousand people, in 1993 - by 549 thousand people, in 1994 - by 125 thousand people, in 1995 .- per 200 thousand people. Thus, for 1991-1995. the reduction amounted to 1 million 662 thousand people. As a result, the share of the country's urban population decreased from 73.9% to 73.0%, but by 2001 it rose to 74% with an urban population of 105.6 million people.

The largest absolute reduction in the urban population occurred in the Central (387 thousand people). Far East (368 thousand people) and West Siberian (359 thousand people) regions. The Far East (6.0%), Northern (5.0%) and West Siberian (3.2%) regions are leading in terms of the intensity of reduction. In the Asian part of the country, the absolute losses of the urban population as a whole are greater than in the European part (836 thousand people, or 3.5%, compared with 626 thousand people, or 0.7%).

The growth trend in the proportion of the urban population continued until 1995 only in the Volga, Central Black Earth, Ural, North Caucasus and Volga-Vyatka regions, and in the last two regions the growth of the urban population in 1991-1994. was minimal.

Main reasons for the decline of the urban population in Russia:

• the changed ratio of migration flows arriving in urban settlements and departing from them;
• reduction in recent years in the number of urban-type settlements (in 1991 their number was 2204; by the beginning of 1994 - 2070; 2000 - 1875; 2005-1461; 2008 - 1361);
• negative natural population growth.

In Russia, it left its mark not only on the ratio of urban and rural population in the territorial context, but also on the structure of urban settlements.

Population of Russian cities

A city in Russia can be considered a settlement with a population of more than 12 thousand people and more than 85% of the population of which is employed in non-agricultural production. Cities are distinguished by functions: industrial, transport, scientific centers, resort cities. In terms of population, cities are divided into small (up to 50 thousand inhabitants), medium (50-100 thousand people), large (100-250 thousand people), large (250-500 thousand people), largest (500 thousand people). - 1 million people) and millionaire cities (population over 1 million people). G.M. Lappo distinguishes the category of semi-medium cities with a population of 20 to 50 thousand people. The capitals of the republics, territories and regions perform several functions - they are multifunctional cities.

Before the Great Patriotic War, there were two millionaire cities in Russia, in 1995 their number increased to 13 (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Novosibirsk, Kazan, Volgograd, Omsk, Perm, Rostov-on-Don, Samara, Yekaterinburg, Ufa, Chelyabinsk).

At present (2009), there are 11 millionaire cities in Russia (Table 2).

A number of the largest cities in Russia with a population of more than 700 thousand, but less than 1 million - Perm, Volgograd, Krasnoyarsk, Saratov, Voronezh, Krasnodar, Togliatti - are sometimes referred to as sub-millionaire cities. The first two of these cities, which were once millionaires, as well as Krasnoyarsk, are often called millionaires in journalism and semi-officially.

Most of them (except for Tolyatti and partly Volgograd and Saratov) are also interregional centers of socio-economic development and attraction.

Table 2. Cities-millionaires of Russia

More than 40% of the population lives in large cities of Russia. Multifunctional cities are growing very fast, satellite cities appear next to them, forming urban agglomerations.

Millionaire cities are the centers of urban agglomerations, which additionally characterize the population and significance of the city (Table 3).

Despite the advantages of large cities, their growth is limited, as there are difficulties in providing cities with water and housing, supplying a growing population, and preserving green areas.

Rural population of Russia

Rural settlement - the distribution of residents by settlements located in rural areas. At the same time, the entire territory located outside the urban settlements is considered rural. At the beginning of the XXI century. in Russia there are approximately 150 thousand rural settlements, in which about 38.8 million people live (data from the 2002 census). The main difference between rural settlements and urban settlements is that their inhabitants are predominantly engaged in agriculture. In fact, in modern Russia, only 55% of the rural population is engaged in agriculture, the remaining 45% work in industry, transport, non-manufacturing and other "urban" sectors of the economy.

Table 3. Urban agglomerations of Russia

The nature of the settlement of the rural population of Russia differs in natural zones depending on the conditions of economic activity, national traditions and customs of the peoples living in those regions. These are villages, villages, farms, auls, temporary settlements of hunters and reindeer herders, etc. The average density of the rural population in Russia is approximately 2 persons/km2. The highest density of the rural population is noted in the south of Russia in the Ciscaucasia (Krasnodar Territory - more than 64 people / km 2).

Rural settlements are classified according to their size (population) and the functions they perform. The average size of a rural settlement in Russia is 150 times smaller than an urban one. The following groups of rural settlements are distinguished by size:

• the smallest (up to 50 inhabitants);
• small (51-100 inhabitants);
• medium (101-500 inhabitants);
• large (501-1000 inhabitants);
• the largest (over 1000 inhabitants).

Almost half (48%) of all rural settlements in the country are the smallest, but they are home to 3% of the rural population. The largest proportion of rural residents (almost half) live in the largest settlements. Rural settlements in the North Caucasus are especially large, where they stretch for many kilometers and number up to 50 thousand inhabitants. The share of the largest settlements in the total number of rural settlements is constantly increasing. In the 90s of the XX century. settlements of refugees and temporary migrants have appeared, and cottage and dacha settlements are growing in the suburbs of large cities.

By functional type, the vast majority of rural settlements (over 90%) are agricultural. Most non-agricultural settlements are transport (near railway stations) or recreational (near sanatoriums, rest homes, other institutions), as well as industrial, logging, military, etc.

Within the agricultural type, settlements are distinguished:

• with a significant development of administrative, service and distribution functions (district centers);
• with local administrative and economic functions (centers of rural administrations and central estates of large agricultural enterprises);
• with the presence of large-scale agricultural production (crop brigades, livestock farms);
• without industrial enterprises, with the development of only personal subsidiary plots.

At the same time, the size of settlements naturally decreases from rural regional centers (which are the largest) to settlements without industrial enterprises (which, as a rule, are small and smallest).

Moscow, July 19 - “Vesti. Economy". Every year the population of Russian cities is increasing. Demography is one of the main economic indicators of urban development, so it is important to track the dynamics of population changes. INNOV has prepared a list of the largest cities in Russia. The population of cities was used as the main indicator. According to Rosstat, large cities in Russia can be divided into several groups according to population size. Among them are cities with a population of 1.5 million to 500 thousand inhabitants (15 cities), 43 cities with a population of 500 thousand to 250 thousand inhabitants, and 90 cities with a population of 250 thousand to 100 thousand people. Below we present the top 10 largest cities in Russia. 1. Moscow

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 12,330,126 Change since 2015: +1.09% Moscow is the capital of the Russian Federation, a city of federal significance, the administrative center of the Central Federal District and the center of the Moscow Region, which does not include The largest city in terms of population in Russia and its subject, the most populated of the cities located entirely in Europe, is among the top ten cities in the world in terms of population. Center of the Moscow urban agglomeration. 2. St. Petersburg

Population (as of 01.01.2016): 5,225,690 Change since 2015: +0.65% St. Petersburg is the second most populated city in Russia. City of federal significance. The administrative center of the Northwestern Federal District and the Leningrad Region. St. Petersburg is the northernmost city in the world with a population of over one million people. Among cities wholly located in Europe, St. Petersburg is the third most populated and also the first most populated non-capital city. 3. Novosibirsk

Population: (as of 01/01/2016): 1,584,138 Change since 2015: +1.09% Novosibirsk is the third largest city in Russia in terms of population and the thirteenth city in terms of occupied area, has the status of an urban district. The administrative center of the Siberian Federal District, the Novosibirsk Region and the Novosibirsk Region, which is part of it; the city is the center of the Novosibirsk agglomeration. Trade, business, cultural, industrial, transport and scientific center of federal importance. 4. Yekaterinburg

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 1,444,439 Change since 2015: 1.15% Yekaterinburg is a city in Russia, the administrative center of the Ural Federal District and the Sverdlovsk Region. It is the largest administrative, cultural, scientific and educational center of the Ural region. Yekaterinburg is the fourth most populous city in Russia (after Moscow, St. Petersburg and Novosibirsk). The Yekaterinburg agglomeration is the fourth largest agglomeration in Russia. It is one of the three most developed post-industrial agglomerations of the country. 5. Nizhny Novgorod

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 1,266,871 Change since 2015: -0.07% Nizhny Novgorod is a city in central Russia, the administrative center of the Volga Federal District and the Nizhny Novgorod Region. Nizhny Novgorod is an important economic, industrial, scientific, educational and cultural center of Russia, the largest transport hub and government center of the entire Volga Federal District. The city is one of the main directions of river tourism in Russia. The historical part of the city is rich in sights and is a popular tourist center. 6. Kazan

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 1,216,965 Change since 2015: +0.94% Kazan is a city in the Russian Federation, the capital of the Republic of Tatarstan, a major port on the left bank of the Volga River, at the confluence of the Kazanka River. One of the largest religious, economic, political, scientific, educational, cultural and sports centers in Russia. The Kazan Kremlin is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The city has a registered brand "the third capital of Russia". Kazan is the largest city of the Volga economic region. A compact spatial grouping of settlements has developed around Kazan, constituting one of the largest urban agglomerations of the Russian Federation. 7. Chelyabinsk

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 1,191,994 Change since 2015: +0.73% Chelyabinsk is the seventh city in terms of the number of inhabitants, the fourteenth city in terms of area in the Russian Federation, the administrative center of the Chelyabinsk region. Chelyabinsk is the seventh largest city in the Russian Federation and the second in the Urals Federal District. In 2016, a forecast was made according to which the population of Chelyabinsk should decrease from this year, but the number of residents continues to grow. 8. Omsk

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 1,178,079 Change since 2015: +0.36% Omsk is one of the largest cities in Russia, the administrative center of the Omsk region, located at the confluence of the Irtysh and Om rivers. Omsk is a large industrial center with enterprises in various industries, including defense and aerospace. This is a million-plus city, the second largest in Siberia and the eighth in Russia. The Omsk agglomeration has more than 1.2 million people. 9. Samara

Population (as of 01/01/2016): 1,170,910 Change since 2015: -0.08% Samara is a city in the Middle Volga region of Russia, the center of the Volga economic region and the Samara region, forms the urban district of Samara. It is the ninth most populated city in Russia. Over 2.7 million people live within the agglomeration (the third largest in Russia). A large economic, transport, scientific, educational and cultural center. Main industries: mechanical engineering, oil refining and food industry. 10. Rostov-on-Don

Population (as of January 1, 2016): 1,119,875 Change since 2015: +0.45% Rostov-on-Don is the largest city in the south of the Russian Federation, the administrative center of the Southern Federal District and the Rostov Region. With a population of 1,119,875 people, it is the tenth most populous city in Russia. In addition, it is the 30th city in Europe in terms of population. Takes the 1st place among the cities of the Southern Federal District. More than 2.16 million people live within the Rostov agglomeration (the fourth largest agglomeration in the country), the Rostov-Shakhty polycentric agglomeration-conurbation has about 2.7 million inhabitants (the third largest in the country). The city is a large administrative, cultural, scientific, educational, industrial center and the most important transport hub of the South of Russia. Unofficially, Rostov is called the "Gate of the Caucasus" and the southern capital of Russia.