Reading is not only a fascinating activity, but also a certain obligation of a person. Thanks to the ability to read, a person receives maximum information in his life - he determines the format of the store, the composition of the product, learns about the diagnosis, and much more.

The question of how to learn to read quickly is considered in childhood, however, for an adult, this skill or familiarization with it turns out to be important. Next, we will consider ways to quickly read, because reading quickly means more time and learning.

The Importance of Speed ​​Reading

The speed reading technique is called speed reading. Why is it necessary in principle? The fact is that a person acquires new knowledge only under the condition of visible perception.

More than 95% of the information entering the human brain is provided by the ability to see.

At the same time, the reading of important information that is necessary to achieve one's goal is no exception.

Imagine the situation: you are in trouble of a legal nature, and only brochures with the Criminal, Tax, Labor or Civil Codes of the Russian Federation go to help. In which book to look for the information you are interested in is unknown, and the time to solve the problem is limited. How to act in such a situation?

In this case, the untrained brain will not find the right answer to the questions, and if it does, it will not be able to perceive it properly. As a result, the problems that have arisen will only get worse.

Experts say that a person who not only reads a lot, but owns the technique of speed reading:

• self-assured;
• has adequate self-esteem, is somewhat self-critical, which is also only useful in most situations;
• achieves its goals.

Such statements are not groundless - for this, specialists from various systems have conducted numerous studies. They came to the conclusion that it is possible to get a decent education in life only with the help of a large number of books read.

An educated person can always find a job to their liking and with good financial security. A successful person strives for self-improvement, which is also achieved by reading certain updated literature.

You can get the necessary information only from newspapers or other sources that you need not just to read, but to read quickly. People with speed reading skills learn new things faster.

Why do people read slowly

Not always even special exercises in speed reading help to achieve the desired result. There are certain reasons why the speed reading technique is "useless". These include:

• low vocabulary- the problem can be eliminated by reading interesting literature ( artistic or scientific);
• lack of proper concentration on the text- in this case, the problem is explained by a weak articulation apparatus, which is easy to train with the help of special exercises;
• untrained memory– can be developed only by constant reading of books and discussion or simple recollection of what was read;
• complex content of the book- not always a child or even an adult can perceive an intricate plot or a large number of complex sentences in the text;
• constantly returning to a particular word- often in the text there is some incomprehensible word, it needs to be clarified.

The explanation of a complex and unknown word in the text should be done by the parents if the child reads and asks a question. Otherwise, you should refer to the explanatory dictionary or the Internet.

The whole truth about abbreviation. Video:

Basic tricks in speed reading

Teaching speed reading should begin with the study of the main points in technology. These fundamentals include the following:

• Read only useful books. If you want to become successful, then you should opt for autobiographies of talented entrepreneurs and so on.
• Choose books only with an easy-to-read presentation- these include manuscripts of contemporary authors. The classics in this case will be inappropriate, since the text will contain a large number of obsolete words.
• The selected book must be read quickly 2 times. The first time is an acquaintance with the information, and the second time is already a speed reading technique.
• Read only in places convenient for you- preferably at home and at least 1-1.5 hours without interruption for important matters.
• You should not read a work that you did not like, as well as “extra”- a person who wants to succeed should not start reading science fiction.

These are just the main points that will help you master speed reading at home. Next, you should study the subtleties in the methodology.

Speed ​​Reading Techniques

In fact, speed reading is a complex of numerous techniques that are used to master a skill.

Methods are divided into groups - intended for children or adults. If we talk about adults, we can distinguish the following methods of mastering speed reading:

• Reading a book from beginning to end, and then vice versa- from the end to the beginning. In this case, the ability to increase the speed of reading is implied.
• Reading diagonally- the technique is very interesting, but reading obliquely helps in quickly flipping through books. Basically, this method is used in the study of fiction.
• Running your finger along the bottom of the line- this method is used even in the study of reading technique at preschool age. This is explained by the help in concentration.
• Appropriation technique- is based on the selection of key words in the text, which are no longer read, but perceived in the future.
• Empathy Technique– it is important to visualize the main character of the book, to feel it. The presented actions make it easier to perceive the readable text.

There is another interesting method on how to read books quickly. The method is simply called: "Storm Method". It is used by scouts when they need to understand and assimilate a large amount of information. The method is to use a book of scientific literature.

The volume of the book is at least 100 pages. The technique consists in preliminary preparation of the pages - it is necessary to draw a vertical line with a pencil strictly in the middle on each page.

The presented technique is trained by an individual, but anyone can master it.

You can also read special books on speed reading - these are the works of numerous experts who offer various methods and ways to improve reading speed. Everyone will find for themselves the most interesting option that will help to a greater extent.

How to learn to quickly and better remember what you read? Video:

About the importance of perception of the information read

It is not enough to know how to learn speed reading, it is necessary to perceive quickly read information, which is not easy to achieve.

First of all, you need to learn how to simply extract useful information from the read text. This helps to perceive the meaning of what is read much faster.

Secondly, it is important to use the clarified information in practice - in this case, a person begins to use speed reading to his advantage. Such actions and basics are compared with the study of foreign languages ​​- if there is no practice, the memorized words will be quickly forgotten.

The following rules are distinguished on how to learn to read quickly and remember what you read:

• Talk about what you read acquaintances and friends.
• Take notes as you read- it is necessary to highlight phrases or entire paragraphs that are important to you.
• Read only when your brain is working hard- depending on the type of person is divided into "owl" or "lark". You should choose the time when the brain is most active.
• Never read aloud- it distracts from the perception of information.
• The importance of focusing on reading- if a person is tormented by more important events, it will be much more difficult to perceive and remember information.

How to teach a child to read quickly and correctly?

Speed ​​reading for children also exists, and the technique should be used immediately, as soon as the baby is ready to learn the skill. In the future, this will help to quickly and easily perceive the information received at school.

When to start training?

A child should be taught to read only after a full and independent analysis of his condition. The child is ready for learning if the following points are present:

More useful information here.

• The child is fluent in speech- he can speak in whole sentences, uses non-common words in a conversation with an adult.
• He has developed phonemic awareness.- whether the baby perceives words well by ear, can he name the initial and last letter in the word pronounced for him.
• The baby has no problems with hearing and pronunciation- all sounds in the child's speech are set, the correct tempo of sentences is maintained ( child focuses on key words in a sentence).
• The child is free to navigate in space- he has a well-developed vestibular apparatus, he knows the concept of "left", "right", "up" and "down".

It turns out that teaching a child to read and teaching him the method of speed reading is possible only if there are no developmental problems. You should not start training at an early age, if the crumbs are not interested in it - the work will not bring proper results, and training may even “stand up”.

Step-by-step instruction

To instill in the child speed reading skills ( it is not recommended to fully teach this technique at preschool age), follow these steps:

Determine which technique is easier for him - and use it at first. As speed reading develops, change methods with more complex options.

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To keep up with the times, you need to adapt quickly, and to make history yourself, you need to develop twice as fast.

The paraphrased words of the Queen from the book “Through the Looking-Glass” perfectly described the human-information relationship in the 21st century.

Increasingly, you can hear about speed reading, which allows you to read a book a day, thereby increasing your own productivity. In this article, we'll talk about how to learn to read fast.

It has been documented that the reading speed of the prototype of the main character of the film "Rain Man" - the famous Kim Peek - was 10,000 words per minute. A peculiar natural failure, namely a congenital malformation of the brain, allowed such phenomenal abilities to develop, however, there are methods for mastering such a technique.

The skill of speed reading has been known for a long time, at different times it was possessed by many famous politicians and writers: T. Roosevelt, J. Kennedy, A. Pushkin, M. Gorky, V. Lenin. They all knew how to learn to read quickly.

What is the difference between reading and speed reading

The reading speed of the average adult is 150-300 words per minute. The process is as follows: the gaze is focused on a group of words, then it jumps to the next group, after several such jumps the gaze freezes to comprehend what has been read. Such movements are called saccades and take an average of 0.5 seconds.

Speed ​​reading is the ability to quickly read text using special techniques that increase speed by 3-10 times.

Speed ​​Reading Techniques

• Text tracking.
  One of the oldest and proven techniques. Its essence boils down to the need to drive along the lines with a pointer (finger, ruler) for greater concentration. In a more sophisticated version, tracking the text involves searching for keywords, which speeds up the reading process.
• Reading without stopping.
  The essence of the method is to suppress saccades and regular pauses to save time. However, this approach significantly reduces the susceptibility of the material, since it is the presence of saccades that enables the brain to comprehend and remember what has been read.
• Reading diagonally.
  This method includes reading techniques "zigzags" and "one look".
• The essence of the technique is to snatch out individual significant words and use peripheral vision.
• Scientists argue that peripheral vision does not allow adequate recognition and perception of the text, and since most of the text falls into this zone, information is lost, which can hardly be called real reading.
• However, this method works in case of repetition of material that has already been read and learned.
• Rapid sequential visual presentation.
  The most modern way using technology. Its essence is to display text on the device screen one word at a certain speed with center alignment. The gaze is focused on one point, time is not wasted on saccades, which saves the reader's time.
• The method has its disadvantages: all words are displayed on the screen at the same speed. In normal reading, the speed of reading familiar words is higher than that of unfamiliar ones, which are additionally comprehended and remembered.
• Suppression of subvocalization
  Subvocalization is the pronunciation of the text to yourself while reading. Internal repetition takes time, so the method is designed to suppress the desire to say what you read and tune in to reading with your eyes. However, the suppression of subvocalization leads to a deterioration in understanding and comprehension of what is read. It has also been proven that it is impossible to completely get rid of pronunciation - the brain is not able to do without subvocalization, even those who use the “diagonal” reading technique mentally pronounce key words.

Why are speed reading techniques criticized?

The question of how to quickly learn to read in our time is extremely popular and discussed. There are both supporters and critics. Almost any technique listed here is associated with screening out unnecessary information, and not with increasing the speed of reading. This leads to superficial reading, for which it is extremely sharply criticized by scientists.

Speed ​​reading is effective for business and technical literature, the purpose of which is to obtain information and data and do not require immersion in the text.

Fiction affects the reader's imagination, his feelings, which makes speed reading an ineffective technique, because the effect of "living" the material disappears, only technique remains.

When mastering speed reading, you should be aware that all techniques have their pros and cons, “swallowing” a book a day can get lost in variety, but such a skill will definitely not be superfluous.

Conditions for learning the technique of speed reading:

1. Every week to master the lesson of speed reading technique.
2. Allocate 30-40 minutes daily for special tasks.
Before starting classes, an autogenic training session should be held.

Why do we not read as fast?

The five main disadvantages of traditional reading methods are:
1. Regressions
Returning eye movements in order to re-read what has already been read. One of the most common deficiencies.
2. Lack of flexible reading program
Most readers read equally slowly as texts that deserve such attention and texts that require and allow such speed.
3 Articulation
involuntary movements of the tongue, lips, elements of the larynx when reading the text to oneself. Whispering, mumbling is the main enemy of fast reading.
4 Small field of view
This is a section of the text that is perceived by the eyes at the moments of stops or fixations that you have time to see when your eyes linger on the text.
5 Lack of attention when reading

Speed ​​Reading Rules

1. Read without regressions
Text of any difficulty to read only once. Returning eye movements (regressions) are not allowed. Only at the end of reading and comprehension of what has been read, you can read the text again, if necessary.
2. All texts are built in a single logical sequence. No matter how difficult the text, regression is unacceptable
You can return to the text after reading and understanding, at least after 3 minutes. If during this time you do not remember what you read, you can go back to read it again.

Integral Reading Algorithm

IACH consists of seven blocks:

A critical attitude / disagreement with something increases the perception of the text, contributes to a deeper understanding and memorization. Keep this in mind, so always highlight features and critical places.

After reading, you should stop and imagine the text in these seven blocks and check the filling of its cells.

Modern linguistics claims that all texts have a redundancy of 75 percent or more. There is a lot of "water" in the texts and this is a natural phenomenon, because texts that do not have redundancy become "dry", incomprehensible. How to find "seeds of meaning" in all the abundance of text? When using the integral reading algorithm, you will look for answers to the questions posed in the blocks of the integral reading algorithm. Spend the energy of thought only on processing the content of the text.

The visual image of the integral algorithm should always be in your imagination, in your mind.

When you have finished reading, sit, think, close your eyes, imagine a drawing of an integral algorithm and you will be surprised to find that everything from the text is in the corresponding parts of the drawing.

With the help of multiple repetitions, a new program of action is fixed. Time will pass and you will forget about the drawing, but a more effective program of mental actions will remain.

Break the text into blocks of interval reading and you will see only the text that has the main semantic load.

Differential Reading Algorithm

1. Find the reading algorithm
2. Form the main semantic points
3. Analyze all this, draw a conclusion about "what is the content of its main semantic part" - the dominant.

The semantic triangle shows the process of understanding the text

Information (information, events, facts)
Meaning - the thought contained in the words

Are there texts that do not contain information - as a rule, no.

Are there any texts that do not contain meaning - even as they are!

Most people who read texts perceive information as a rule, only a few comprehend the meaning of the text.

Two reading programs

Keywords are words that carry the main semantic load.

The semantic strong point is the point of understanding, the point of decoding. It includes a group of keywords and is a concise expression of content - sentences or paragraphs.

Dominant / meaning - the main semantic part of the text. She expresses herself in her own words in the language of her own thoughts.

Rules for performing an exercise with percussion rhythm

1. Rhythm is tapped out with a pencil held in three fingers of the right hand on the hard surface of the table with blows to one point, firmly, confidently, clearly.
2. The rhythm is tapped out by the active movement of the whole arm, and not just the hand, the elbow should not lie on the table. For active influence on Broca's area, active amplitude movements of your hand are needed.
3. When tapping out the rhythm while simultaneously reading the text to oneself, it is necessary to ensure the continuity and correctness of the rhythm pattern.
4. The left-hander should tap with both hands.

This rhythm should be performed for 20 hours.

You need to sit at the table.

For fast reading, you need to have well-developed peripheral vision. You can train it with the Schulte table. It solves the problem of vertical eye movement.

The point is that you probably won't be able to both tap and speak out loud at the same time. But it remains possible to read to yourself, tapping out the rhythm. Such a reading will always be a reading with no articulation.

Formed non-verbal figurative thinking. After 10 o'clock, you should tap the rhythm with both hands (including left-handers).

Four phases of mastering the rhythm percussion exercise

1. Reading + tapping. Either reading or knocking is not obtained;
2. Reading + tapping. It turns out, but there is no understanding;
3. Reading + knocking + understanding. It turns out that there is no memorization;
4. Reading + knocking + understanding. It turns out. There is a memory, the knock does not interfere.

Two ways of processing information

The rule for working with the Schulte table

Schulte tables give a very big effect if and only if you follow all the rules for working with the table.

Work daily with Schulte tables.

Work with a new table each time.

1. Fix your gaze in the center of the table. You need to see the entire table;
2. Sequentially find all the numbers without missing anything. (Remember, the gaze must be kept in the central zone of the table. Horizontal eye movements are prohibited!);
3. The found figure is fixed only with a glance, without pronunciation.

Gradually, the time of working with the table should decrease.

It may happen that the next figure is absolutely not visible, in this case chaotic eye movements are prohibited, but you can allow yourself only vertical scanning eye movements. Scan the first column, second, third, etc.

Special exercises for the eyes

1. Close and open your eyes tightly. Repeat 5-6 times with an interval of 30 seconds.
2. Look up, down, right, left without turning your head.
3. Roll your eyes in a circle: down, right, up, left and in the opposite direction.

"Assault Method"

Reading algorithm according to the "assault method":

1. See the whole page at once;
2. Find an informative block;
3. Read it.

Exercise "60+15"

An excellent method for reading a huge amount of literature.

Reading algorithm:

1. Contemplate a book page for 60 sec. Any eye movements other than horizontal are allowed;
2. In the process of contemplation, find an informative block;
3. For 15 sec. read the found informative block.

Attention while reading

"Attention is a mental act of control. Attention takes the form of the object one is looking at." (P.Ya.Galperin)

Fast reading requires increased attention.

The main psychophysiological properties of attention are explained by two laws:

1. Law of induction of nervous processes (Pavlov);
2. Dominant principle (Ukhtomsky).

Psychologists distinguish three types of attention:

1. Involuntary - arises by itself;
2. Arbitrary - the result of an effort of will;
3. Poslevolnoe - does not require constant strong-willed efforts.

Fast reading is possible in the mode of voluntary or post-voluntary attention.

Attention properties:

• Volume;
• Distribution;
• Concentration;
• sustainability;
• Switching

Exercises for training attention (the effect is possible after three months)

The effectiveness of these exercises is very high if they are performed for a long time.

"Memory is not a coin thrown on the table, but a constantly burning candle"

1. Contemplation of the green dot

2. Fasten the fingers into the lock, take the thumbs away and make rotational movements with the thumbs of the left and right hands - simultaneously around each other. You have to watch the movements of the fingers, not to think about anything, not to look at the fingers.
For the first 15 days, do this exercise daily for 5 minutes.
Second 15 days - 10 minutes

Try to read without speaking the text to yourself. Now read a page of text without distraction and without rereading the sentences. Turn the book upside down and read the paragraph. It turns out? These and other simple exercises will help you master the skills of speed reading.

People who want to become professionals in their field must work through a huge array of information. In addition, there are so many in the world, but there is sorely not enough time. There is a solution - to learn to read quickly. And this is possible: quickly, up to 2 thousand words per minute, they read John F. Kennedy, Maxim Gorky and others. For example, every morning before breakfast, Napoleon read one rather voluminous book, managing to mark thoughts important to him in its margins.

And the former American president, who reads at an incredible speed, developed his own, which is successfully used even now by those who want to learn it.

It can be argued that fast reading reduces reading comprehension and assimilation. But practice shows that the opposite is true: with normal reading, about half of the information is assimilated, while with speed reading 70-80%.

Why is it so? Because fast reading requires more concentration than normal reading, during which we read less carefully. We have parallel thoughts: we think about current affairs, for example, that it would be time to turn off the refrigerator, about the upcoming vacation, or we return to past events with thoughts. It is not surprising that reading progresses slowly, and new information is poorly remembered.

You can master the methods of speed reading at special trainings: 5 lessons of 3.5-4 hours are enough. Their advantage lies not only in the fact that the classes are conducted by specialists, but also in the fact that, firstly, the person who paid for the training is unlikely to want to skip classes voluntarily. Secondly, teachers form pairs of students, making classes more effective. Thus, the one who dares to miss the lesson will let the partner down - the obligation to him will serve as an additional incentive not to shy away from classes.

You can do it yourself. To do this, you just need a great desire, faith in the result and daily training. And if many have a desire, then with faith it will be more difficult. Let's remember how children learn to ride a bicycle: whoever thinks he will fall, really falls; those who are sure that they will immediately go, by some miracle keep their balance and go. We believe we can do it!

As for training, we do special exercises daily for 30-40 minutes during the 21st day. Psychologists believe that it takes so much time to get rid of an old habit and instill a new one.

For exercises, you need to choose a convenient time and place so that nothing distracts from reading. It is useless to do this, for example, in the subway, where it is impossible to concentrate.

What slows down reading?

1. Pronunciation of the text when reading “to yourself”, or subvocalization

This habit is laid down in us when we learn to read and pronounce each word aloud in syllables. We learned to read, but the habit remained. Some not only internally pronounce the text, but also move their lips. Naturally, fast reading is out of the question, because with all the desire a person is not able to say more than 500 words per minute. This means that he will read at the same speed. Those who master the methods of speed reading will be able to read up to 2 thousand words in the same time.

2. Regression reading

The main brake that hinders the speed of reading is the return movements of the eyes to the already read text. It seems to us that by rereading a phrase or paragraph, we delve deeper into its essence, but in reality this is not so. The logic of the text itself is violated, and we are forced to return to what we read again and again, which only aggravates the situation. Speed ​​reading experts believe that, if necessary, it is better to return to some place after the entire text has been read.

By getting rid of the regressions that most people read with, you can increase your reading speed by 2-3 times.

3. Limited field of view

The field of view is the space of perception of the text. For people who read slowly (and most of them), it is 4-5 cm. They can be compared with peeping through a keyhole, who see only a small part of the picture. Experts say that it is impossible to expand the field of view with training. But with their help, you can learn to perceive information that is located in the area covered by peripheral vision. And as a result of training, it can be up to 10 cm.

Exercises for developing the skill of speed reading

Knowing the "enemy" of speed reading "in person", we can eliminate it. Do not expect immediate results and be disappointed if they are not there or they leave much to be desired. Developing any new skill takes some time. It's like in sports: high results are achieved only by hard training.

1. Reading with a pointer

To make our eyes slide forward smoothly, we read with a pointer (sushi stick), moving it a little faster than our understanding of the text. You can also do this with your finger, if that's more convenient.

This exercise is called the speed reading exercise. The gaze should only follow the lines along which the pointer moves, and in no case let it out of sight, returning to what has already been read.

After a while, we will get rid of the regressions and be able to read without a pointer.

2. Suppress articulation

Some experts consider subvocalization to be a natural process that helps reduce the burden of learning new material. However, it significantly slows down reading.

Suppressing articulation - the work of the speech organs (tongue, lips, larynx) while reading “to yourself”, and not aloud, can be done with the help of distraction. That is, in parallel with reading, we (or a partner studying with us) can tap some kind of rhythm on the table with a pencil. This will distract us from the mental pronunciation of the text.

In addition to tapping, you can use the countdown method: 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, etc. We will keep track of the score so as not to stray, and we will not be able to pronounce the words. Instead of counting, you can hum some motive (out loud or “to yourself”), read tongue twisters or simple rhymes by heart.

3. Green dot method

This method allows you to learn to perceive information in the field of peripheral vision. In the center of the page with some text, draw a green dot and focus on it for 10 minutes. Mentally imagine a green dot in front of us and when we go to bed and close our eyes.

After practicing with concentration on the green dot for two weeks, we begin to consider the text located horizontally and vertically from it. We try to cover as many words as possible with our eyes - they do not need to be read, just seeing is enough.

The green dot exercise can be complemented by classes with Schulte tables, designed specifically to improve peripheral vision. The tables themselves and the methodology for studying them can be downloaded from one of the sites.

4. Practice gibberish

Training in the so-called gibberish reading, or reading from right to left, develops thinking, attention and the ability to concentrate.

To get started, you can practice reading from right to left using a palindrome (from the Greek. "back" and "running") - words or phrases that read the same way from left to right, which is vice versa. Examples of a palindrome: “A rose fell on the paw of Azor”, “Rome is dear to the city or Mirgorod is dear”, “The cat will soon be forty days old”, “The boar pressed the eggplant”, etc. And then you can start training on a regular text. On the Internet, you can find a site that offers right-to-left e-books and order them for free.

5. Reading upside down

Upside down reading exercises can increase your reading speed. First, we read a paragraph in an inverted book, then return it to its normal position and reread it. We will immediately feel how easy and fast we can do it!

6. The tick-tock method

While reading, we capture only the beginning and end of the line with our eyes, and not every word, as in normal reading. This will be enough to understand the meaning of what is read, while the speed of reading will increase significantly.

7. Reading diagonally

The gaze glides along the diagonal of the page. Eye movements to the left or right are not allowed, return to what has already been read is also not allowed. At first, the gaze will cover only a few words, but as you practice, the amount of perception will increase. The main thing in this method is to learn how to highlight key phrases and skip verbal garbage. You need to start reading from the top left corner of the page to the bottom right. People who have mastered this method need only take a look at the page to understand what is at stake.

Those who want to thoroughly master the methods of speed reading should find the right book. This may be "Learning to read quickly" by I. Golovleva. There are also a lot of training video courses on the Web, for example, "More than speed reading."

It is convenient and interesting to learn speed reading with the help of various applications. One of them is Spreader. The text is loaded into it, and the number of words and the speed of their appearance can be set independently.

It is not uncommon for younger schoolchildren to study either shaky or roll, because they read very slowly. The low speed of obtaining information affects the speed of the entire work as a whole. As a result, the child sits over a textbook for a long time, and academic performance is at the “satisfactory” mark.

How to teach a child to read quickly and at the same time be aware of what they read (more in the article:)? Is it possible to ensure that reading becomes a cognitive process that provides a lot of new information and does not become a "stupid" reading of letters and syllables? We will tell you how to teach a student to speed reading and not lose the true meaning of the lesson. We read quickly, but qualitatively and thoughtfully.

How to start teaching short reading?

Speaking about the classic method of speed reading, we emphasize that the basis in it is a complete rejection of internal pronunciation. This technique is not suitable for younger students. It should start no earlier than 10-12 years. Before this age, children better absorb information that is read at the same speed as when speaking.

Parents and educators can still learn for themselves a number of useful principles and techniques that are included in this methodology. A child's brain at the age of 5-7 years has all the possibilities for full disclosure and improvement - many teachers of venerable schools speak about this: Zaitsev, Montessori and Glen Doman. All these schools begin to teach children to read at this age (about 6 years old), only one Waldorf school known to the whole world begins the process a little later.

All teachers agree on one fact: learning to read is a voluntary process. You can't force a child to read against their will. Parents can help the baby find inner strength to master a new skill by using games.

Ready for preschoolers to read

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Today on the shelves of stores there is a huge range of manuals for learning to read. Moms and dads, of course, begin this process by learning letters, for which they buy alphabets in a variety of forms: talking books and posters, cubes, puzzles and much more.

The alphabet comes to the aid of the youngest children

The goal for all parents is extremely important, but it should be remembered that you need to teach right away so that you don’t have to relearn later. Often, without knowing it, adults teach using the wrong methods, which ultimately creates confusion in the child’s head, which leads to mistakes.

The most common parenting mistakes

• Pronunciation of letters, not sounds. It is a mistake to name alphabetic variants of letters: PE, ER, KA. For correct learning, their short pronunciation is required: P, R, K. An incorrect beginning will lead to the fact that later, when compounding, the child will have a problem in the formation of syllables. So, for example, he will not be able to identify the word: PEAPEA. Thus, the baby cannot see the miracle of reading and understanding, which means that the process itself will become absolutely uninteresting for him.
• Erroneous learning to combine letters into syllables and read words. The following approach would be incorrect:
  • we say: P and A will be PA;
  • spelling: B, A, B, A;
  • analysis of the word only with a glance and its reproduction without taking into account the text.

Learning to read correctly

You should teach your baby to pull the first sound before pronouncing the second - for example, MMMO-RRPE, LLLUUUK, VVVO-DDDA. By teaching your child in this way, you will see positive changes in learning much faster.

Reading skill is closely related to the correct pronunciation of sounds.

Very often, reading and writing disorders take their basis in the pronunciation base of the child. The kid pronounces sounds incorrectly, which affects reading in the future. We advise you to start visiting a speech therapist from the age of 5 and not wait until speech is established on its own.

Classes in first grade

The famous professor I.P. Fedorenko developed his own method of teaching reading, the main principle of which is that it is important not how much time you spend on a book, but how often and regularly you study.

You can learn to do something at the level of automatism even without exhausting long sessions. All exercises should be short-term, but carried out with a regular frequency.

Many parents, unwittingly, put a spoke in the wheel of the child's desire to learn to read. In many families, the situation is the same: “Sit down at the table, here is a book for you, read the first fairy tale and until you finish, do not leave the table.” The reading speed of a toddler in the first grade is very low and therefore it will take him at least an hour to read one short story. During this time, he will be very tired from mental hard work. Parents use this approach to kill the child's desire to read. A more gentle and effective way to work through the same text is to work on it in portions, for 5-10 minutes. Then these attempts are repeated two more times during the day.

Children who are forced to read usually lose interest in literature completely.

When a child sits down at a book without pleasure, it is important to use a gentle reading regimen in this case. With this method, between reading one or two lines, the baby gets a short break.

For comparison, one can imagine viewing slides from a filmstrip. On the first frame, the child reads 2 lines, then studies the picture and rests. Then we switch to the next slide and repeat the work.

Great pedagogical experience has allowed teachers to apply various effective methods for teaching reading, which can be used at home. Below are examples of some of them.

Exercises

Syllabary speed reading table

This set contains a list of syllables that are repeated many times in one reading session. This way of practicing syllables trains the articulatory apparatus. First, the children read one line of the table slowly (in chorus), then at a slightly faster pace, and for the last time - like a tongue twister. During one lesson, one to three lines are worked out.

The use of syllabic tablets helps the child remember combinations of sounds more quickly.

By studying such syllable tables, children begin to understand the principle by which they are built, it is easier for them to navigate and find the required syllable. Over time, children understand how to quickly find a syllable at the intersection of vertical and horizontal lines. The combination of vowels and consonants becomes clear to them from the point of view of the sound-letter system, in the future it becomes easier to perceive words as a whole.

Open syllables must be read both horizontally and vertically (more details in the article:). The principle of reading in the table is twofold. The horizontal lines display the same consonant with different vowel variations. The consonant is read lingeringly with a smooth transition into a vowel sound. In vertical lines, the vowel remains the same, but the consonants change.

Choral pronunciation of the text

They train the articulatory apparatus at the beginning of the lesson, and in the middle they relieve excessive fatigue. On the sheet, which is issued to each student, a number of tongue twisters are offered. First-graders can choose to work out a tongue twister they like or related to the topic of the lesson. Whispering tongue twisters is also an excellent exercise for the articulatory apparatus.

Performing articulation exercises improves the clarity of speech and helps speed reading.

Comprehensive Reading Program

• repeated repetition of what was written;
• reading in a fast rhythm tongue twisters;
• continuation of reading unfamiliar text with expression.

Joint implementation of all points of the program, pronunciation in a not very loud voice. Everyone has their own pace. The scheme of conduct is as follows:

The read and conscious content of the first part of the tale / story continues with choral reading in an undertone of the next part. The task lasts 1 minute, after which each student makes a mark to which place he has read. Then the task is repeated with the same passage, the new word is also noted and the results are compared. In most cases, the second time shows that the number of words read has increased. An increase in this number creates a positive attitude in children and they want to achieve new successes. We advise you to change the pace of reading and read it as a tongue twister, which will develop the articulatory apparatus.

The third part of the exercise is as follows: a familiar text is read at a slow pace with expression. When children reach an unfamiliar part, the pace of reading increases. You will need to read one or two lines. Over time, the number of lines needs to be increased. You will notice that after a few weeks of systematic training, the child will notice a clear progress.

In training, the sequence and ease of exercises for the child is very important.

Exercise Options

1. Task "Throw-serif". When performing the exercise, the students' palms are on their knees. It begins with the words of the teacher: “Throw!” Having heard this command, the children begin to read the text from the book. Then the teacher says, "Serif!" It's time for rest. Children close their eyes, but their hands remain on their knees all the time. Having heard the “Throw” command again, the students look for the line where they stopped and continue reading. The duration of the exercise is about 5 minutes. Thanks to this training, children learn visual orientation in the text.
2. Task "Tugboat". The purpose of this exercise is to control the ability to change the pace of reading. First graders read the text together with the teacher. The teacher chooses a pace that is convenient for the students, and students should try to keep up. Then the teacher moves on to reading “to himself”, which is also repeated by the children. After a short period of time, the teacher starts reading aloud again, and the children, with the right tempo, should read the same thing with him. You can increase your reading level by doing this exercise in pairs. A better reading student reads “to himself” and at the same time runs his finger along the lines. The neighbor reads aloud, focusing on the partner's finger. The task of the second student is to keep up with the reading of a stronger partner, which should increase the speed of reading in the future.
3. Find a soul mate. The task of schoolchildren will be to search in the table for the second half of the word:

Program for children over 8 years old

1. Search for words in the text. In the allotted time, students must find words that begin with a certain letter. A more difficult option when teaching the technique of speed reading is to search for a specific line in the text. Such an activity helps to improve the visual search in the vertical direction. The teacher begins to read the line, and the children must find it in the text and read the continuation.
2. Insert missing letters. The proposed text is missing some letters. How much? Depends on the readiness level of the children. Instead of letters, there may be periods or spaces. Such an exercise helps speed up reading, as well as help combine letters into words. The child correlates the initial and final letters, analyzes them and makes up a whole word. Children learn to read the text a little ahead in order to correctly select the right word, and this skill is usually formed already in children who read well. A simpler version of the exercise for children over 8 years of age is a text with missing endings. For example: Veche ... step ... into the city .... We moved… along the paths… between the garage… and mind you… little… kitty… etc.
3. The game "Hide and Seek". The teacher begins to randomly read a line from the text. Students must quickly orient themselves, find this place and continue reading together.
4. Exercise "Word with an error." While reading, the teacher makes a mistake in the word. It is always interesting for children to correct inaccuracies, because in this way their authority increases, as well as self-confidence.
5. Self-measurement of reading speed. Children, on average, should read about 120 words per minute and even more. It will be easier and more interesting to achieve this goal if they begin to independently measure their reading speed once a week. The child himself counts the number of words read and puts the results on a tablet. Such a task is relevant in grades 3-4 and allows you to improve your reading technique. You can find other examples of speed reading exercises and videos on the Internet.

Reading speed is an important indicator of progress and should be monitored regularly

We stimulate results

Evaluation of positive dynamics is very important. The child will receive a good incentive to further work if he sees that he has already achieved some success. Above the workplace, you can hang a table or graph that would display progress in learning to speed reading and improving the reading technique itself.