Vocabulary or vocabulary. How to quickly increase the vocabulary of the Russian language

The larger a person's vocabulary, the more likely they are to succeed in life.

Rich vocabulary: methods, ways and techniques to increase it

In today's world, beautiful and rich speech speaks of culture and good education. Society perceives a person with a rich vocabulary as an intelligent and creative person. The larger a person's vocabulary, the more likely they are to succeed in life.

Methods, methods and techniques for increasing vocabulary:

1. Think about which of the banal, hackneyed, hackneyed words and expressions you are used to using on a daily basis in standard communication situations. Write them down on a piece of paper. Recorded?

Now take an explanatory dictionary or dictionary of synonyms from the shelf. Find these words that are already hurting your own ears and that you are tired of hearing every day.

Study the long list of alternatives and say each of these words out loud. Which one reflects your personality? Which one suits you personally?

Try each one as you try on a suit and see which ones you find comfortable and cozy.

Choose a few of these words and practice by saying them out loud until they become a natural part of your vocabulary;

2. Communication is the main source of replenishment of a person's vocabulary. During a conversation, each participant replenishes his vocabulary from the arsenal of the interlocutor, there is a word exchange between them.

Talk to your friends, acquaintances, relatives as much as possible. Use new words in your vocabulary, knowledge about a word is nothing without using it;

3. Read, reading books is good. Start with those authors who are more understandable and close to your interests.

Gradually add literature harder. The text where there are interesting words and expressions that you want to remember and apply in the future, re-read aloud (when reading to ourselves, we also replenish our vocabulary, but not so quickly, because in this way we only see the words, while reading aloud, we in addition to this, we also hear them and, most importantly, we pronounce them, so we remember them better);

4. When you spot a new word, don't just look at its definition in a dictionary. Pay attention to the turn of speech in which this word is used, try to replace it for yourself with the corresponding synonym.

Try to rhyme, come up with as many suitable phrases as possible. The more you know about a word, the faster you will learn to use it without complicating your memory. E it will immediately affect the beauty and personality of your speech;

5. Write. Rewrite other people's articles and your favorite literary works, following the example of Demosthenes, who rewrote Thucydides' History eight times in a row.

Crossword puzzles are not just entertainment, but also a way to develop vocabulary. Use this opportunity on the road, on vacation. Choose crossword puzzles from well-known publications or those that have a good reputation;

6. For those who spend a lot of time on the road, driving or have absolutely no free time to use books and dictionaries there is a unique opportunity develop your speech and increase your vocabulary with audiobooks.

A similar method will also be acceptable to an audience that perceives better by ear. In any case, while away the time in traffic jams reading good literature is much more useful and effective for your development. published

« Vocabulary William Shakespeare, according to researchers, is 12,000 words. The vocabulary of a Negro from the cannibalistic tribe "Mumbo Yumbo" is 300 words. Ellochka Shchukina easily and freely managed thirty ... "

Are you short of words to properly express your thoughts? If you are faced with the question "?", This article will be useful to you.

In today's world, beautiful and rich speech speaks of culture and good education. Rich Russian vocabulary indicates the level of intellectual development of a person. Society perceives a person with a rich vocabulary as an intelligent and creative person. People with a rich vocabulary get jobs faster, move up the corporate ladder more successfully, and are generally listened to more often and more carefully. The more human vocabulary the more likely he is to succeed in life.

The following recommendations will help you to replenish the vocabulary of the Russian language:

Methods, methods and techniques for increasing vocabulary

Think about which of the banal, hackneyed, hackneyed words and expressions you are used to using on a daily basis in standard communication situations. Write them down on a piece of paper. Recorded? Now take an explanatory dictionary or dictionary of synonyms from the shelf. Find these words that are already hurting your own ears and that you are tired of hearing every day. Study the long list of alternatives and say each of these words out loud. Which one reflects your personality? Which one suits you personally? Try each one as you try on a suit and see which ones you find comfortable and cozy. Choose a few of these words and practice saying them out loud until they become a natural part of your vocabulary;
Communication is the main source of replenishment of human vocabulary. During a conversation, each participant replenishes his vocabulary from the arsenal of the interlocutor, there is a word exchange between them. Talk to your friends, acquaintances, relatives as much as possible. Use new words in your vocabulary, knowledge about a word is nothing without using it;
Read. Start with those authors who are more understandable and close to your interests. Gradually add literature harder. The text where there are interesting words and expressions that you want to remember and apply in the future, re-read aloud (when reading to ourselves, we also replenish our vocabulary, but not so quickly, because in this way we only see the words, while reading aloud, we in addition to this, we also hear them and, most importantly, we pronounce them, so we remember them better);
When you spot a new word, don't just look up its definition in the dictionary. Pay attention to the turn of speech in which this word is used, try to replace it for yourself with the corresponding synonym. Try to rhyme, come up with as many suitable phrases as possible. The more you know about a word, the faster you will learn to use it without complicating your memory. This will immediately affect the beauty and personality of your speech;
Write. Rewrite other people's articles and your favorite literary works, following the example of Demosthenes, who rewrote Thucydides' History eight times in a row.
Crossword puzzles are not just entertainment, but also a way to vocabulary development. Use this opportunity on the road, on vacation. Choose crossword puzzles from well-known publications or those that have a good reputation;
For those who spend a lot of time on the road, driving or have absolutely no free time, there is a unique opportunity to use books and dictionaries. develop your speech and increase your vocabulary through audiobooks. A similar method will also be acceptable to an audience that perceives better by ear. In any case, while away the time in traffic jams reading good literature is much more useful and effective for your development.

Ways to memorize new words

Of course, this article does not contain all the methods and techniques increase and development of vocabulary. But they are quite sufficient for the appearance of new words in your vocabulary and enrichment of your vocabulary.

It is estimated that there are more than five hundred thousand words in the Russian language. On average, a person uses about four to five thousand in his life. It is easy to imagine how you could diversify your speech by increasing the number of words used in your vocabulary. How to do it right?

Types of vocabulary

Important!!!

Naturally, it is impossible to master all five hundred thousand words, and it is not necessary. But adding a thousand or two new words to your vocabulary will definitely make your speech more vivid and interesting.

Vocabulary can be:
Passive - these are the words that we know, but do not use. On average, the number of words is equal to four thousand.
Active - words that are used in everyday vocabulary. The average number of words used is not so often over three thousand.

Increasing vocabulary: retelling

At school, few people like to retell texts in literature lessons. However, those wishing to increase their vocabulary will have to return to this procedure at a more conscious age. To do this, read a short story or chapter of a book and retell it. Correct retelling must be done aloud. Only then will it make sense.

Important!!!

After retelling, return to the text again, underline the unused words and try again.

Building vocabulary: reading aloud

Can you read to yourself? Of course you can read. But do not be surprised that in this case you will not see much result. If reading occurs to oneself, then in memory, if some words are deposited in memory, then in a very small amount. Therefore, reading aloud fixes the words in memory much better.

We increase vocabulary: new words and verses by heart

The technique of memorizing new words has proven to be effective. To do this, stock up on an explanatory dictionary. In the evening, write down a few new words with their interpretation in a notebook specially designated for new words. Repeat in the morning. Use throughout the day at the earliest opportunity.
The more and more often you learn poetry, the richer your vocabulary will become. Words from poems pop up unexpectedly in everyday speech. In addition, this is a great way to train memory, so useful in life.

How to increase vocabulary. Effective methodology

Conclusion:

Those who want to make their speech more vivid and expressive should understand that working on increasing vocabulary should become a habit and be practiced every day.

Vocabulary Technique

Undoubtedly, a rich vocabulary is an indicator of a person's high intellectual development. If you have a beautiful speech, then in the modern world you will be perceived as a person with a good education and culture, a creative person. People who own an extensive vocabulary, in society, as a rule, cause more respect than those who cannot “connect a couple of words”. Even if you are already out of childhood, this does not mean at all that you cannot enrich your speech - this is possible at any age. Read books that develop speech You probably know that reading books is beneficial for many reasons. This process can help improve memory, diction, and, of course, can positively affect the quality of your vocabulary. Start with those writers whose work is close and understandable to you. Over time, move on to more complex pieces. Pay attention to text containing interesting expressions that you would like to remember and use later. Reread these expressions by ear - so you better remember them. The most interesting of them can be written in a separate notebook. Expand your vocabulary with smart people If you want to replenish your vocabulary with interesting adverbial phrases or just smart words, then, of course, you should not neglect communication with intellectuals. If you notice that the speech of the people who surround you is very poor, then, of course, you should understand that you will not gain the necessary skills from communicating with them. Moreover, you yourself can lose the acquired vocabulary. Do not be afraid to look stupid by starting to communicate with people who know a lot of interesting information - this is one of the most effective ways to increase your intellectual level, and it was unwise not to use it. Improve your speech and vocabulary by learning new words When you hear or notice a new word while reading, in no case try to “skip” it - look up the definition in the dictionary. In addition, it is important to note for yourself in which turn of speech this word is used. After that, try to mentally replace it with a suitable synonym. Subsequently, having fully understood the meaning of a previously unfamiliar word, you will be able to replenish your vocabulary with it. To make it easier to remember, try to visualize it in your mind by adding images related to this word. Let the picture in your imagination be as saturated as possible. What literature to read for the development of literate speech For our time, the reference can be called the speech of the middle of the twentieth century - it is as close as possible to modern, but has not yet absorbed various jargon and barbarisms that appeared later. Therefore, it is desirable to give preference to literature predominantly of this period. The books of Russian and English classics will be most effective. It is also worth noting that there are special books that help in the development of speech. Let's name some of them. First of all, pay attention to the "Mastery of the on-air performance" by B. D., Gaymakova. First of all, the book will be of interest to people who plan to work on television and radio. However, this work will be useful to everyone else. It includes three parts that tell about the rules of public speaking, the technique and culture of speech. We advise you not to ignore the book by N. Gal "The Word is Living and Dead." The author is a well-known translator, but her work will be of interest not only to her colleagues. The work will help you find your own style, avoiding the "dead" language.

Learn a new word every day If you enrich your vocabulary with a new word every day, then, of course, after a while you will be able to show off your new knowledge very effectively. There are many apps and websites on the web that offer to learn new words. Also, communities with this focus exist in VK. It is important to remember that you do not just need to learn unfamiliar words - they should be used in everyday life. In the evening, learn some new concept for yourself, and the next day try to apply it in a conversation with someone. So memorization will be much more efficient. Hearing an unfamiliar word, be sure to “google” its meaning As soon as you happen to hear a word whose meaning you do not know or is rather vague for you, remember it. To be sure, you can write it down on a piece of paper. Subsequently, at the first opportunity, look on the Internet for the meaning of this word. Read aloud, retell, learn poetry Reading aloud, as well as memorizing verses, is doubly useful. Thus, you not only develop your memory, but also learn vocabulary and syntax. In Russian, the word order in a sentence can be called quite free, but not everyone uses this freedom to the fullest. Almost every one of us has familiar syntactic constructions at the ready, thereby limiting the lexical range. If you have a task to expand this range, then when constructing phrases, you should use a creative approach. For example, if you are used to using the phrase "I want", then try to replace it with others - "I wish", "I would like" and the like. Of course, reading certain works will help you easily replace previously chosen phrases. However, quite often, when we start reading, we plunge into the plot, with little or no focus on vocabulary. As a result, the linguistic abundance of a work often passes us by. To avoid this, use this psychological trick: read books that the author wrote in the first person. When you study them slowly and thoughtfully, ready-made phrases will be stored in your memory, which you can later use when talking about yourself. Replace simple words with complex ones that broaden your horizons Try to use more complex words in your speech, replacing with them those simple words that you used to use before. To do this, for any words that you regularly use, look for synonyms. So you will significantly enrich and diversify your vocabulary. Do not treat this task as something very difficult and requiring serious energy costs - this is a natural process that can continue until the end of life. Solve crossword puzzles Solving crossword puzzles is not just fun, but also a great way to increase vocabulary. Do not neglect this opportunity on vacation, at home, on the road. Pay attention to crossword puzzles that are published in well-known, well-established publications.

Listen to audiobooks If you spend a lot of time driving and don't have much free time to read fiction and study dictionaries, then listen to audiobooks. Also, this technique is useful for those people who perceive information better by ear. Do not even doubt that if you pass the time in traffic to the sound of a good audiobook, these minutes will do you good. Watch the video Sometimes, vocabulary enrichment can occur while watching a variety of videos. We are talking about all kinds of quizzes, intellectual talk shows, documentary projects. Also, do not discount the special courses that contribute to the replenishment of the lexicon. Thus, you can not only have a good time, but also benefit your own self-development. Of course, it is important to distinguish worthwhile materials from unnecessary ones. For example, if you see on a TV program that the next youth reality show or a stupid action movie of the 90s with a corresponding translation is approaching, then it is better to devote time to something else, because such viewing will not only not benefit you, but can also harm . Note method You may find it very difficult for you to memorize new terms. In this situation, the already mentioned "note method" will help. Get a pack of stickers, then write a new word on one side of the piece of paper, and its meaning on the other. Now paste the stickers around the apartment. Now "difficult" words will constantly catch your eye, and you will be able to reread their meanings again and again until they are fully learned and included in your usual vocabulary. Write You will quickly learn the correct use of new expressions if you engage in writing activities. For this, of course, it is not necessary to be a writer - just set aside at least half an hour a day to write some small text. It can be a simple statement of your own thoughts on this or that occasion. For example, you can write what you dream about, what kind of people you dislike, what can delight you in another person, and the like. You can even write a multi-page article on a topic that interests you. When you start writing any text, you will have some time to think about your thoughts, thanks to which you will have the opportunity to learn how to correctly use new phrases, briefly inserting them into the text in the right place. Writing is definitely one of the creative activities that activates your mental potential. Naturally, this trains the brain remarkably, allowing you to recall words that you had practically never used in speech before.

A lot of articles have been written about how to increase your vocabulary. However, most of them have a noticeable drawback: they talk about enriching the vocabulary as a whole, without dividing it into active and passive vocabulary. Meanwhile, if we want to make our speech expressive and convincing, it is worth focusing on expanding only the active vocabulary and on transferring a certain layer of vocabulary from passive reserve to active use. T&P talk about how to get the job done.

A sign of education

The problem of expanding the active vocabulary arises more often when learning a foreign language than in the process of using the native one. While talking in English, Italian or Chinese, we periodically find ourselves in a situation where we don’t know a specific word, we can’t find a synonym for it, and even in a roundabout way, through descriptions, comparisons and associations, we are not able to express a thought - which means we need to grab for a dictionary. It is easier with our native language: if the desired lexical unit does not come to mind, we will always find a way to get out by choosing a more or less exact equivalent for it.

We think about increasing the vocabulary within the native language if we need to impress the audience or want to impress the interlocutor with eloquence - that is, when emotions are connected to the case. An extensive vocabulary is an indicator of education and helps to raise self-esteem, and for journalists, copywriters and translators, it is also a source of income. Strategically, mastery of the word helps us express our thoughts, emotions and attitudes to life situations as accurately as possible and build effective communication.

The traditional list of recommendations for expanding vocabulary is two or three clicks away from us and wanders from blog to blog, from year to year with minimal changes. There is some truth in this list, but some of the tips already do not correlate well with the realities of today's life and with the modern way of thinking, communicating and gaining knowledge. And others seemed suspicious from the very beginning, but nevertheless continue to be presented as effective recipes. We will criticize typical tips later, but right now we’ll talk about something relevant.

Clear the area

Remember synonyms

Make it a rule to write posts on social networks, spending 10 minutes on it three times a day. In the morning, afternoon and evening, give out a miniature study on any interesting topic, carefully thinking through each phrase and trying to screw in as many strange words as possible. The goal is for friends to suspect that your account has been hacked and that you are not writing this, because the style and style are completely unrecognizable. Regularly reread your previous posts and try to avoid repetition of both lexical units and grammatical constructions. If you're pissed off by moral exhibitionists making their breakfasts and mood swings public, change your privacy settings and make these posts visible only to you. As an alternative, of course, you can get a paper notebook or a Word file and write sketches there - but we sit in social networks anyway, and you still need to find the file in the folder and open it, which will never be enough time.

Keeping a synonym notebook or writing words on flashcards is one of the most popular classic vocabulary building tips. The big disadvantage of this method is that it is most effective to learn words not separately, but in context and in relation to a specific topic - it is not for nothing that in foreign language textbooks each lesson is built around a specific topic. If you like using notepads and cards (whether paper or electronic), it will be more useful not just to memorize words one by one, but to invent phrases with them and visualize different dialogue situations.

A bit dubious seems to be the common advice to always keep a dictionary at hand and look into it more often. In itself, this is a wonderful idea, only now it is aimed at expanding the passive, not the active vocabulary. Having opened an arbitrary page of the explanatory dictionary, we will make sure that we have long known most of the words given there, and those whose meanings are not familiar to us, we probably simply do not need. So we keep the dictionary nearby, but we do not place special hopes on it.

How to read books

It is quite obvious that to enrich the lexicon it is useful to read a lot - just what and how exactly should one read? For our generation, the reference, most likely, will be the speech of the mid-twentieth century, which, on the one hand, is close to modern in many ways, and on the other hand, has not yet had time to absorb the barbarisms and jargon that came in the perestroika era. Having picked up a work of art, we, as a rule, quickly get carried away by the plot, stop paying attention to vocabulary, and the linguistic richness of the novel safely passes all our radars. To avoid this, you can use a psychological trick and read memoirs, autobiographies or any other books written in the first person. If you read them slowly and thoughtfully, and ideally also aloud, ready-made phrases will settle in your memory that we can use when talking about ourselves. True, it is necessary to retrieve these phrases from memory as soon as possible so that they do not go into the mire of a passive dictionary.

Reading and memorizing poems is doubly useful - not only vocabulary is learned, but also syntax. Despite the fact that in Russian the word order in a sentence is quite free, we do not like to use this freedom to the full (which is quite rational from the point of view of saving mental effort). Each of us has chosen syntactic constructions that limit our lexical range - accordingly, if we want to expand this range, we must be creative in constructing phrases. For example, if we are used to using impersonal sentences like “I want”, the synonymous series will be predictably narrow: “I dream / I want / I need / I need”. But one has only to express the same thought with the subject and verb, "I want," as the room for maneuver expands: "I demand / I desire / I insist / I need," and so on. When you write sketches, boldly juggle the word order, reshape the syntax, insert participial and participle phrases more often - this is a good incentive to activate the passive vocabulary.

Finally, the most important thing. Do not treat vocabulary replenishment as a responsible multi-step task for which you should set aside time and gather your courage. This is not rhythmic gymnastics or neurosurgery, where you have to spend many years and efforts to achieve a result. The inclusion of new words in speech is an extremely natural process, starting at a very early age, continuing until the end of life and, frankly, not at all difficult.

Icons: 1) Berkay Sargın, 2) Thomas Le Bas, 3) Kelig Le Luron, 4) Iris Vidal.