Creating a children's home library includes. Home library: do modern people need books? Book in the modern world

We share useful tips for creating a book kingdom.

To begin with, when creating a home library for children, there are several principles to consider:

Choose books with different topics: nature, wildlife, relationships with friends, parents, the world around you, technology, etc. If a child loves dinosaurs - this is not a reason to refuse everything else;
remember that boys and girls often like different books. We are talking about those cases when you need to talk about some characteristic qualities or situations. No wonder girls love books about princesses, and boys about dragons;
consider seasonality. This is especially true of the find-book format that is popular today;
try to place books within the child's reach. Especially those that are actively read in the current period;
purchase books taking into account the age and development of the child, be sure to form part of the books “for growth”;
Leave your child's favorite books in the home library. Children will enjoy reading them again. Even after years. Perhaps someday your grandchildren or great-grandchildren will become the happy owners of a real collection of wonderful children's books;
from childhood, teach your child to treat books reverently - do not draw, do not take with dirty hands, use bookmarks, and do not wring the sheets.

Choosing books for the children's library

The range of children's literature today is very large. It's easy to buy an expensive book and miss the plot or the illustrations. To avoid such troubles (and inefficient spending), try to consider the following points when buying:

Scroll through the book carefully. If possible, run through a few pages to understand how close you are to the style of the book, the language of the author, etc.;
choose books with natural color illustrations. This is very important for toddlers;
Glossy pages are considered the highest quality, but they are not always convenient in the process of reading - reflective pages often spoil the impression;
encyclopedias are a separate type of books. They are often turned over, so the pages must be strong, and the drawings must be bright and large. A good encyclopedia is a real decoration of the library and a great gift.

Creating a rubricator

A rubricator, even a conditional one, is needed primarily for uniform replenishment of the contents of the library. With it, it will be easier for you to keep track of which books are many and which are not so much, what exactly you need to buy for a grown child.

The most common categories of books found in home libraries are:

Books for the little ones;
Russian folk tales, poems by Russian poets;
fairy tales and poems of Soviet writers;
fairy tales of foreign authors;
anthologies, fairy tales of the peoples of the world, legends and myths;
children's books;
adventure library;
encyclopedias;
books for preschoolers;
educational literature and manuals for classes with children;
classic books for older children.

The specific content of each category depends on your preferences. You can focus only on your impression and spend hours near the shelves in a bookstore. A more humane way is to read book reviews, get acquainted with reader reviews before buying.

book traditions

Start book rituals and traditions in your family. Together with a well-chosen and convenient home library, they will create the right atmosphere for introducing children to reading. Here are some examples of such traditions:

Evening readings- you will be surprised, but not in every family it is customary to read books at night. Often these events are episodic. Bedtime stories are a completely separate type of book, the right choice of which will give you and your child amazing moments.

Family Reading. Do not confuse with the previous version, when the main reader is mom or dad (often on a special schedule - who has more strength). Reading in the family circle is a real intellectual adventure, when the participants are interrupted by clarifications, discussions and collecting opinions about this or that act of the protagonist.

Creativity based on books read- it can be drawings, games, riddles. It's great to hold a home theater performance once a month (table, puppet, shadow ...), where the heroes of your favorite fairy tale come to life. The performance can be timed to coincide with a family holiday or make occasions for gathering relatives and friends. Among other things, excellent memory training and public speaking skills.

Regular selection of books to replenish the library. Make a note to yourself - once every two weeks, a month, purchase a new book with your child. Discuss with your child in advance what exactly he would like to read. This, by the way, is a good reason to conduct an audit in your library in order to understand what you liked and remains in the archive, and what not so much and why.

Wonderful lines from a poem by S. Mikhalkov. Indeed, it is difficult to imagine our world without a book, and perhaps completely impossible. After all, the book accompanies us through life from childhood.

The child, by nature, is interested, inquisitive and very impressionable nature. And he can always satisfy this inexhaustible curiosity with the help of books. Colorful, tempting, intriguing, opening the veil to an unusual, wonderful world, books form a child's understanding of the world around them. And most importantly, books lay the foundation for the moral development of the child, teach kindness, love, and talk about negative qualities, such as hatred, cowardice, betrayal. Books help you find inner harmony, teach you to fantasize, imagine, help you shape your perception of the world and, of course, actively expand your vocabulary.

The child does not immediately become an active reader, but this does not mean at all that he does not know how to communicate with books. At first, this is the first acquaintance with the book, laying the foundation for a strong friendship. Simply put, flipping through colorful pages, getting to know the pictures. True friendship cannot begin without the help of an adult. The adult becomes an intermediary between the child and the writer. The true love of a child for a book is, first of all, the love for the book of his parents and other adult family members. Reading a book to a child, being able to empathize with the characters, immersing themselves in the events of the book as real and being able to convey these deep feelings to the child, an adult instills in the child a love of literature.

As a rule, there are no children who do not like to read, there are adults who do not read to them and do not purchase books, without even thinking about how important and necessary it is to have a home children's library. I immediately recall a wonderful poem by V. Berestov about how important reading is for a child.

How good it is to be able to read! No need to pester your mother, No need to shake your grandmother: "Read, please! Read!" No need to beg your sister: "Well, read another page." No need to call, no need to wait, And you can take and read!

At present, it has become a huge problem to collect a really high-quality home library for a child. A wide variety of writers, publishers, books has led to the fact that adults, at times, are lost among this diversity. Let's try to figure out which books should definitely be on children's shelves, which books children will be happy to bring you to read and which will become your faithful assistants in raising a worthy person.

Tales and stories of writers from different countries

Fairy tales are a special category of children's books. You can talk about them for a very, very long time. The easiest way to say this is: "A fairy tale should enter every home!" A fairy tale is the very first rung of the ladder leading a child to a vast, wonderful, unknown world. A world of fantasy and imagination, a deep, interesting and exciting world. Through a fairy tale, the kid learns complex and deep relationships between people, shares the feelings of the characters, represents what is not really there, learns the wisdom of the peoples of the world. Children's fairy tales are an excellent cure for greed, rudeness, aggression and anger.

Here are just a few well-known, beloved and time-tested collections of fairy tales written by different authors and in different eras: fairy tales by Ch. Perrault, the Brothers Grimm, G.Kh. Andersen, A.S. Pushkin, V. Gauf, S. Topelius, P. Bazhov, K. Paustovsky, G. Tsyferov, S. Kozlov, V. Suteev with illustrations by E. Charushin, N. Kochergin, Yu. Vasnetsov, V. Chizhikov and other artists, as well as wonderful and diverse collections of Russian folk tales and fairy tales of the peoples of the world.

Animal books

Kind, touching books about our little brothers can evoke the strongest emotions in children: tenderness, admiration and even tears. Such books should be in every home where there is a child. Communication with animals, even through a book, is a great way to instill in a child all the best feelings. These are wonderful benefits of kindness, love, tenderness and affection.

Stories about animals by E. Charushin ("Tyupa and Tomka", "In our yard", "Big and small", etc.), L. Tolstoy ("Stories about animals"), A. Chekhov ("Kashtanka" and other stories), A Kuprin ("Watchdog and Zhulka", "White Poodle", "Elephant", "Golden Rooster", etc.), B. Zhitkova ("Brave Duckling", "About the Elephant", "About the Monkey ", etc.), M. Prishvin ("Pantry of the Sun", "Stories about Animals"), V. Bianchi ("The Fox and the Mouse", "Like an ant hurried home") and others.

Children's poems

Perhaps the easiest and most understandable part of children's literature. With the help of poetry, the child easily memorizes new words and expressions, repeating them many, many times, with a special clear rhythm and melody. The verses are not only easy to understand, easy to remember, they are incredibly instructive. From poems, the child in an accessible form learns about what is good and what is bad, gets acquainted with nature, the world around him. Listening to poems by famous children's authors (Barto, Mikhalkov, Chukovsky, Marshak, Usachev, Berestov) about a stupid little mouse, about Uncle Styopa, about Barmaley, about a fly and a brave mosquito, about Moidodyr and Aibolit, about other heroes of children's poems, the child learns a lot of useful and interesting information. It is from poetry that we begin to introduce the child to literature. Poems are useful not only for the mental, but also for the emotional development of the child. They gradually prepare him to read and understand increasingly complex literature.

Popular science books, encyclopedias

A lot of children's questions just drive parents crazy. Endless: "Why? When? Why? What is it?" - confuse parents. Children's encyclopedias and popular science books are good helpers for parents who will give answers to the most complex and tricky questions. Such books should be large, colorful, bright and durable. They should attract the attention of the child, so that it would be just nice to flip through them, ask questions and get the correct detailed answers to them.

Talking and interactive books

Recently, talking books have gained immense popularity: interactive alphabets and encyclopedias, "smart fairy tales" and music books, unique books-computers with LCD displays. All these books, in addition to text, contain a sound module. This module helps you quickly memorize animal voices, letters, numbers and colors. Such a book itself will tell the child a fairy tale or even sing a song. Talking books also develop fine motor skills of the hands, the child presses the buttons again and again to hear his favorite sounds.

Book in the modern world

The modern world has made its own adjustments to the development of the book industry, both good and not so good. One of the great advantages of the modern world that we can take advantage of is the worldwide Internet. It is she who helps us choose and buy books without leaving home. Modern online stores allow us not only to buy a book, focusing on the cover design, but also to scroll through it directly on the Internet, get acquainted with the content, pictures, and, sometimes, with the text itself.

But this is just a drop in the ocean. In the modern world, an adult, and after him a child, is increasingly immersed not in the pages of books, but in a bewitching computer screen. Today, the child has much more hobbies, so reading books is no longer the first, and not even the second. Or maybe not on your to-do list at all. With the advent of various gadgets, new ways of reading books and gaining knowledge have appeared. To learn the alphabet and learn to read, one program on a computer is now enough. To read a book, you can easily download it from the Internet ... Undoubtedly, all this is a great addition to printed publications, but it would be very disappointing to replace the book with them. The printed book is our heritage, our history, it has passed and survived many, many centuries, therefore, by completely destroying printed publications, we will also destroy our history.

How to choose a book for your home library

The best copy for a home children's collection, obviously, will be a book that was inherited, an old book. Such books, as a rule, contain original plots of children's works, high-quality hand-drawn pictures. It is a great pleasure to possess such books and to be able to be their reader. Carefully glued, hemmed, they teach the child to be careful, instill a special, gentle and caring attitude to books. Old children's books are a link to the past, a story that must be passed down from generation to generation.

If you are not lucky enough to become the owner of an already assembled collection, you will have to try a little. Collecting a children's library is an interesting and exciting activity. Get creative with this process. The main thing to remember is a few simple rules that will help you collect a really valuable book collection.

Be sure to leaf through a children's book before you buy it.
Look carefully at the illustrations. Pictures must be drawn in real colors. This is very important, especially when it comes to books for kids who are just getting acquainted with flowers.
Pay attention to the quality of the book, the cover should be firm, and the pages should be dense. Glossy pages are considered the highest quality.
A child, at least up to two years old, needs to pick up books with thick cardboard pages that are difficult to tear.
The plot of the book must be original. Distorted versions of fairy tales, stories can not only be uninteresting to the child, but also harm his worldview.
Encyclopedias should be with bright large drawings, durable pages, so that it would be nice to just flip through them. It is good if such books are collectible, because they are relevant at all times and at any age.

How to organize your home library

Hermann Hesse

A home library is not just a collection of books, it is a portrait of the owner. Each personal library is unique and individual, and it can tell a lot about its owner. No wonder the journalist Louis Blanc wrote: "Tell me what you read and I'll tell you who you are."

A home library is also a special atmosphere in which a love for a book, for reading, for accuracy is brought up, this is an important part of life, which you need to get acquainted with from early childhood.

Teach your child to arrange books in a certain order. For example, alphabetically or on a general topic. Each time you read a book, put it back together. Try to make this rule an unshakable ritual. Books should not be in disorder and, moreover, be scattered.
Teach your child how to properly handle books: carefully turn pages, put covers on books, put bookmarks. If the book is torn, glue it together with the child. Never fold the corners of the pages, keep bookmarks in the house for books. Explain that no notes in the book should be made with a pen, but it is better not to make them at all.
Thin children's books can be stored in large folders by topic. These folders can be designed together with the child, come up with covers, beautifully color and sign.
Make a list of all the books and mark their place on the shelves. If someone borrows a book from you, mark it in the general list. This is important so that the books are not lost.

By following these simple rules, you will quickly see the result. Your child will learn to respect and love books, treat them with special honor. The child will surely pass these rules on to his children.

Introducing a child to literature is a long, painstaking work. But this work is extraordinarily useful, pleasant, and it certainly bears fruit. Collecting a truly valuable children's library is not at all difficult, the main thing is to approach this matter with all your heart, soul and great love for your children.

Tips for designing a children's home library "Books in your home" It would seem that it could be easier than organizing a children's library at home: I bought books, put them on a shelf and it's done. But not everything is as simple as we would like, because the formation of a circle of children's reading depends on many factors: the age characteristics of the child, his interest in literature, as well as the tasks that we pursue when creating a home children's library. It would be possible to omit talking about this altogether if we, adults, at the stage of preschool childhood, fully performed the main task of developing interest and respect for the book. But this, unfortunately, rarely happens, because books in our house have powerful rivals: TV, video, computer.

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children's home library

"Books in your home"

It would seem that it could be easier than organizing a children's library at home: I bought books, put them on a shelf and the job was done. But not everything is as simple as we would like, because the formation of a circle of children's reading depends on many factors: the age characteristics of the child, his interest in literature, as well as the tasks that we pursue when creating a home children's library. It would be possible to omit talking about this altogether if we, adults, at the stage of preschool childhood, fully performed the main task of developing interest and respect for the book. But this, unfortunately, rarely happens, because books in our house have powerful rivals: TV, video, computer.

Have you ever thought about the question: “What can a book give a child?” But children draw a lot of knowledge from books: the first ideas about time and space, about the relationship of man with nature and the objective world, which contributes to the expansion of children's horizons. Through literary works, for the first time, kids experience courage and steadfastness, good and evil, they learn such universal human values as honesty, justice, friendship, sympathy, i.e. books purify and open the soul, bring up good feelings. In addition, books are an inexhaustible source for the development of intelligence and creativity, and not only children, but also us adults.

In this regard, we advise you to be very careful and legible about the organization and selection of books at home. Adults should remember that the book attracts a small child primarily with its design. Its appearance should be attractive: different forms of covers, beautiful, bright illustrations. The fact that this is a priority for the child was well said by a modern poet:

We read books together, both bison and boas,
With dad every weekend. And dad has no one!
I have two hundred pictures, I have - in the wild desert
And my dad has none. A lion's footprint is drawn.
I have elephants, giraffes - I'm sorry for Dad. Well what a book
Animals all to one, - If there are no pictures in it!

The home library should have different types of books.

The first type is toy book, picture book, which is given into the hands of a child from a very early age (up to a year). This is not yet literature. Here the visual image prevails over the verbal one, the drawings are of primary importance. K.I. Chukovsky noted that this period is important in mastering speech, and a book that gives rich visual impressions will be a good helper in this matter. K.D. Ushinsky wrote: “Children's nature clearly requires visibility. Teach a child some five words unknown to him, and he will suffer for a long time and in vain over them, but connect twenty such words with pictures - and the child will learn them all on the fly ... "In addition, there is hope that a child at an early age who took the book in his hands and enjoyed communicating with it, and in the future will be drawn to the book, and will become a passionate reader.

The second type is the cut-out book. Its cover is cut out along the contour of the subject, which is discussed in the text, and its playful appearance also helps to attract the child to get acquainted with the content.

The third type is the panorama book. It is not only brightly illustrated, but also equipped with moving figures. Action with the help of these figures in it, as it were, comes to life. By manipulating them, the child not only joins the rhythm of the text, but also lives what is happening together with the characters.

You also need to remember that in the baby’s library there should be books of various types of reflection of reality: not only fairy tales, but also realistic literature, not only prose, but also poetry.
Until 3-4 years old, children should be surrounded picture books folding bed types and toy books with a predominance of illustrations and short text: "Ryaba Hen", "Magpie-Crow", etc. After 3 years, it is important to adhere to one of the basic rules - in the child's field of vision should be from 3 to 5 books with vivid illustrations and accessible to this age plot. These, of course, are “Toys” by A. Barto, “The Wolf and the Seven Kids”, “Gingerbread Man”, “Teremok”, “Three Bears”, etc.

It would be nice to update the book repertoire in 2-3 weeks, introducing one new book each, and with a surprise or encouragement, for example:
- Today the cat brought you a very interesting book."Cat house".
- My grandmother and I decided to give you a new fairy tale - after all, you love and cherish books very much.
At 4 years and older, it is very important to tell the child that there is a children's library at home. And together with the child, it is necessary to organize it correctly, i.e. systematize according to the type of adult: fairy tales, books by one author; according to the seasons; stories about animals, books by foreign authors, riddles, poems, encyclopedias, etc. It is important to isolate each division with a cardboard partition with a symbol-drawing designating a particular section. It is very good to give a name to your library (for example,"Knizhkin House" ) and gradually accumulate it.
We should not forget that books require our care from time to time. Therefore, not far from the library, you can place a corner"Book Hospital"where materials and tools for book repair will be stored. We encourage you to do this with your children. This will contribute to the education of a caring attitude and love for books.
We also advise you to purchase, and it is better to make games with children based on the plots of literary works, which will help maintaininterest in the book:

different types of theaters (table, "mitten", theater of spoons, shadow);
travel games through fairy tales with chips and a cube;
lotto or domino "Heroes of favorite fairy tales";
puzzles or cut pictures according to the plots of your favorite works;
guess the riddle - find the answer;
discs with audio recordings of various children's works;
a chest with "magic" items: a ball, a magic wand;
material for creativity: paints, felt-tip pens, paper, plasticine, glue;
a wonderful bag with small animal toys for writing your own stories, etc.

Note that each child has a book that only he loves, and therefore he asks to re-read it many times again. Don't worry - this is a natural and positive process. Satisfy his desires: a preschool child gets along with the heroes of fairy tales or stories, all of them are his close friends and advisers. But constantly try to expand the field of his book vision, orienting the baby to everything useful, artistically and morally valuable. Pay attention to printing, design of illustrations and, of course, to the content.

It is very important for a child to be familiar, along with fairy tales, with a treasury of children's literature - classic : works by L. Tolstoy, K. Chukovsky, S. Marshak, E. Charushin, N. Nosov, V. Oseeva, V. Dragunsky and many other authors. Be sure to put the wonderful books of Mikhail Zoshchenko in the library - using funny examples, they will teach your child such concepts as morality, honesty, good breeding.

A friend of our family once asked us:

Why do you need such a big library? Need a book - download it on the Internet, it's much more convenient! Books will soon become extinct as a species.

A home library is a space of culture, a way of life, a way of thinking

Indeed, many texts can be found online in just a few minutes. Sometimes on the Internet you can find such texts that you can’t get “live” in any way. But the home library is not a set of texts. The home library is an idea. Space of culture, way of life, way of thinking.

The home library seems to turn the family towards education and self-education. The library can be a method of teaching and educating our children, and not only in the field of literature.

Library: accent in the interior of the house

In the house the child lives, is brought up, studies. When we equip our home, we equip the environment for the formation of the personality of each of our children.

The house is like a temple. The decoration of the temple, its device calls, teaches, educates, directs, adjusts a person.

The house is like a school, a school. A well-designed interior of a school classroom sets you up for classes, makes students interested in the subject and helps to assimilate the educational material.

What we will teach our children with the help of home decoration is for us, parents, the main educators and teachers of our children, the owners of the house to choose.

And if we arrange a home library, we already create it in our apartment, in our house educational space. We create an environment that in one way or another will affect the upbringing of our children. If in a house, in an apartment, in a room we found a place for books, allocated, arranged this place, it means that we have already introduced reading, literature and previous centuries of human culture into the world of our house. That's it, easily. Children live here and see these books, pass by them every day, touch the spines with their fingers... Thousands of books stored in the memory of our home computer cannot play such a role by definition. E-books are part of personal work. The home library is part of the life of our home.

At the same time, the library is not at all the property of rich interiors or large mansions. I myself grew up in a three-room apartment, where, in addition to my parents and my six brothers and sisters, there lived a home library. At first, these were somehow knocked together shelves, from floor to ceiling, in the entire corridor. And there were books in the bookcases in every room… Some people do renovations in a large apartment and throw all the books away like dustbins. Others in wrecked five-walls manage to work with thousands of books. The question is not in square meters and not in the amount of money, but in the way of life.

Library: a form of leisure

What to do in your free time? Often - what catches the eye. Turned on, chess on the table, an opened box with plasticine ... Children "have nothing to do" open books if they are surrounded by books. Because the title was intriguing, because the cover is beautiful (or because there isn’t one at all, alas, we have enough books with torn covers…) One child will take an album with views of old Moscow from the shelf – and this way he will get acquainted with history, culture, architecture. Another will open a book about insects, a third will look through the stories of O. Henry, a fourth will be read by Gogol, a fifth will discover how interesting Nechvolodov writes about the history of Russia.

However, if there is a library in the house, it is not at all necessary for children to sit at books from morning to evening. And it’s good: when they have free time, when they have “nothing to do”, let them run, play, make crafts or draw, but the home library will help our children sometimes in such cases choose to read after all.

Library: Shaping a Worldview

A book is an educator that can educate a person no worse than a “living” teacher

A book is an educator that can educate a person no worse than a “living” teacher. And what kind of educator will we entrust our children to? Anyone, if only he could write interestingly? If only he was once declared a "classic"?

If we managed to instill in our children a love of reading, then after reading one book, they are looking for something else to read to them. At first, they ask for help from their parents. But the older they get, the more often they choose books on their own. They choose books on their own in the place where books are easiest to find, namely, in the home library. They choose books on their own ... from those chosen by us.

With the help of the home library, we form the reading circle of our children. We can collect books that will support our parenting strategy. The circle of reading is a certain worldview. And this is especially important if the value system of the family differs from the value system of the environment. And the Christian family will inevitably in some way, and sometimes in many ways, be opposed to the world.

The circle of reading, first of all, includes fiction. Strive for self-improvement, overcome difficulties, listen to your inner world, think and reflect, compare and draw conclusions, learn from the mistakes of others, see yourself from the outside ... All this is fiction. Genius awakens the reader from the sleep of petty everyday life - and at each age this awakening is different ...

Fiction helps to grow creative people in any field. We open the biographies of scientists and see that in their childhood great mathematicians, physicists, engineers read adventures and novels. It is also interesting that the holy royal martyrs - both parents and children - read a lot of fiction. At everyone of the children of the last Russian emperor had their own library, in total about 3500-4000 thousand books. And this is in addition to large shared libraries. Fiction in the royal family was often read aloud together - and continued such reading even during imprisonment ...

What are we going to include in the circle of "family reading"? Of course, it must be high-quality literature. But if we are trying to raise children as Christians, we will not keep the great classics like Guy de Maupassant within easy reach and, with all our love for the great Leo Tolstoy, we will put Anna Karenina on the shelf, but we will put Resurrection away. We will treat children's literature proper even more strictly: for example, we will remove the stories and novels of writers in which kind and sympathetic revolutionaries and their little associates help to expose Orthodox "miracles" set up by priests and monks to fool the common people, where the heroes dream of killing rich bourgeois and hated king. I am not calling for a ban on such literature, by no means. But if we strive to educate our children in the faith and chastity of a holistic perception of the world and human relations, then we will perceive the great anti-Christian literature, rather, as an interesting work for specialists, a unique monument of the era or a living illustration of life "on the other side." I do not read such books to my children at night, I do not offer them such literature for independent reading. If children read such books, then let it happen as late as possible. Then these books will be perceived as "strangers".

And there is enough foreign literature. Literature that was created by great, talented and even brilliant authors - and filled with theomachism, fornication, rudeness. Some of these authors deliberately fought against Christian teaching and/or church consciousness, some were simply a product of a non-Christian, anti-Christian culture. But the more talented the writer, the more interesting he writes - the more readers, our children, are immersed in the world created by the author, the more serious and deeper the impact of the author-educator on the soul of the child.

But still, a significant part of the treasures of world literature are works written by Christian authors, and the world created by this literature is based on the values of the Christian life. And by creating a home library, we offer this world to our children.

Each family has its own favorite books and its own circle of reading. In our family, a child is looking for "something to read" - and here are the shelves with children's literature, from Vladimir Dahl and Korney Chukovsky to Seton-Thompson, Kipling, Hector Malo, Sergei Aksakov, Nikolai Leskov, the same Leo Tolstoy, Garin-Mikhailovsky, Ivan Shmelev, Leonid Panteleev… If they want adventure, they will find Daniel Defoe, Stevenson, Jules Verne, Walter Scott, Mine Reed. Historical literature? Krasnov about Suvorov or the books of Svyatopolk-Mirsky. Detectives? Here is Chesterton, here is Conan Doyle. Girls will find several shelves with books by Lydia Charskaya, Francis Burnett, Louise Alcott, and for the older ones - on the shelves of Charlotte Bronte, Jane Austen, Pushkin, Turgenev ... Old, still great-grandmother's collected works of Dickens ...

If there is a large convenient library in the house, the children will not soon get out of its influence. They will start looking for books "on the side" later, when with the help of "our" literature we have already raised children in "our" value system. We will educate our family throughout our life, relationships in it, conversations with children and with children, our family's social circle. If, of course, we succeed in raising our children this way ...

Library as an incentive for self-education

When we put books on the shelves in our house, we create an opportunity for self-education for our children. I have already talked about the Bogolyubov family, where the father-priest brought up three outstanding Soviet scientists. The Bogolyubovs lived in an apartment where a large common room was at the same time a dining room, a place for mother's music lessons and father's study. And the books were kept here. And this scientific literature, with which their father worked, attracted children, and the kids, having barely learned to read, picked up encyclopedias and other “non-children's” books. Such reading greatly broadened the horizons of children and prepared them for their life path.

Yes, in the home library there can be not only fiction, but also books devoted to various branches of science. Physics, mathematics, geography - everything that is interesting and important for parents can be open and accessible to children with the help of the library. A child walks past a cabinet with books on medicine. And one day he will stop and look, just out of curiosity. And maybe open a book and read it. He will begin to read on his own, which means that his attention will be active, and he will learn the information as fully as possible. So the child's curiosity, combined with the availability of books, will contribute to the education of our children. Or maybe it will help children understand their interests in life, help them choose, if not a profession, then a hobby.

I'll tell you about another Soviet academician. This is a physicist, the leader of Soviet mechanical engineering, one of three Russian winners of the James Watt Gold Medal - the most prestigious international award for achievements in engineering - Ivan Ivanovich Artobolevsky. His father, a priest, later a new martyr, was professionally engaged in history. Ivan respected and loved his father. Therefore, the child liked to listen to the conversations of his parents. The boy was interested in learning more about the story that his father loved so much. And the child went to the parent library, where he read the works of V.O. Klyuchevsky, his father's teacher. Read, remember. And I fell in love with national history for the rest of my life. So to parents, overheard parental conversations and the availability of books in the home library did what a whole staff of school history teachers often cannot do - they gave the child nothing less than a basic historical education and, most importantly, love for native history. Such "unorganized" home education, characteristic of many intelligent families, subsequently compensated for the narrowness of special technical education, and "technician" scientists in this case turned out to be, on the whole, people of great culture.

I myself was also touched by a similar effect of the availability of parent books. When I was twelve years old, my mother was expecting another baby, and at the same time, a lot of literature about pregnancy and childbirth appeared in the house. Out of pure curiosity, I started reading these books. After reading everything I could on this topic, I turned to books on child physiology, popular books on pediatrics. In these books, women were charged with starting to prepare for pregnancy and childbirth “as early as possible,” and I decided that it was time for me to start this preparation. So, inadvertently, “from childhood”, I began to prepare for motherhood - “eat right” and even do special exercises for stretching and posture. It’s just that the corresponding books, firstly, were generally in our house, and secondly, they were “in the public domain”.

This is how children who grow up among books find something of their own, find their interests, find themselves in such reading. And what is it that will interest our children - we cannot know this. One child will read novels, and the other - detective stories, one child will pay attention to the era of the Napoleonic wars, and the third will solve all the problems of Perelman.

When we collect a home library, when we sort books in it, when we put some literature on the middle shelves (at the level of the children's eyes), we can draw the child's attention to a particular topic. So, in the upbringing of the heir to the Russian throne, Tsarevich Alexei Romanov, the study of native history was one of the most important subjects, and therefore in the boy’s classroom, next to his bedroom, not only maps and teaching aids were placed, but also many books on the history of the Romanov dynasty and history of Russia.

And at the same time, we cannot draw conclusions: here, he is interested in anatomy, he will grow up as a doctor. Maybe a doctor, or maybe an artist (anatomy will come in handy!), Or maybe childhood hobbies will not affect the choice of life path. A boy keen on physics can become a theologian and a priest. Fascinated by history and biology, like the same academician I.I. Artobolevsky, will become a mechanical engineer. But be that as it may, the circle of reading, the cognitive interest of children will certainly play a role. If a child is really carried away by a particular area of knowledge, the inquisitiveness of the child's mind, a keen interest in the subject will allow him to independently receive a real basic education in a particular subject, which means to expand his horizons, which means in the future to become a more versatile person than is possible with organized school and special education.

And it is not so important what area of knowledge the child will be passionate about. This is already a skill of self-education. Already - the joy of self-education. And in any case, it will be a hobby. And that means - a distraction from the meaningless fermentation on the network or sitting in front of the monitor. In general, a distraction from meaninglessness.

The Internet cannot create an "educational need"

You can say: yes, all these books can be downloaded on the Internet, you can find information in a convenient, interactive, modern format. But the Internet cannot form an "educational need", the Internet does not form the motivation for education. He can only respond to the already prepared interest of the child.

So, we have a lot of books on architecture in our home library. And one of my sons was interested: I think he noticed the large size of these books. He began looking at pictures, reading, then copying different types of orders, drawing classical buildings with columns. And then, using plans from design books, he began to draw designs of various buildings on graph paper. If we had the richest electronic library on the same architecture, it is unlikely that my eight-year-old kid would have “found” these albums, it would hardly have occurred to him to study the architectural styles of different eras ... And he would hardly have become interested in this topic simply “in Internet”: for some reason, you still need to want to enter some phrase into the search before the great Web gives out its million answers.

In order for our home library to help us in raising children, in introducing them to literature, so that it would be an incentive for self-education for all of us, I made for myself such a plan, which, in my opinion, can make the library “work”:

Arrange the library so that it is accessible to children. If the library is a locked room, it is “turned off” from the space of the house. It would be nice to keep the books so that they are constantly in front of the eyes of the children. If it is possible to allocate a separate room for the library, then it is good to put desks and desktops for children in this library. And tables for parents too. The child will do homework every day, do something - and will always be surrounded by books. And he will also see how parents work with books.
Sort books by topic. Not only for the convenience of working with them. Inscriptions on cabinets or shelves, separate cabinets on topics will attract the attention of the child, declare this or that topic as “existing”.
Pick up books for children of different ages. The easier it is to choose a book, the more likely it is that the child will make this choice at all.
In general, to select books for the library. Mercilessly destroy all base and immoral waste paper. To remove away, higher, deeper great literature, which actively contradicts the family's value system, so that work with "foreign" books is possible only when the basic moral ideas of a grown child have already been formed.
While reading, when there is such a desire, make notes in the books with a pencil. For this, huge fields were made in medieval folios. We pick up a book from our library and see that this place interested dad, but mom didn’t agree with this moment. It is incredibly interesting to read the notes made on the margins of books by my husband - these are cross-references to various authors of various eras ... And then it turns out that we read the book as if together with one of our relatives. This is another unique difference between a paper book and an e-book. And in this case, the home library becomes an interesting kind of such communication of one's thoughts to each other through books.

And last but not least, I think. Arranging a library not for "educating children", but for ourselves, simply taking into account its pedagogical effect. If something is important and interesting to us, we will not close ourselves in our “work”, but we will offer it to our children, including with the help of books. If we want to interest children in something, in the same story, we ourselves, together with the children, will study what we would like to introduce them to. Let the children see how we work, what we read. Let's read together, work together. We will discuss what we read, we will compare books, we will offer children the criteria for selecting literature for reading and discuss these criteria together. We will be attentive to our children, we will be close to them, we will teach them and learn with them. In general, we will live together. United home, united values. Our home library can also help this unity, the upbringing of these values. If we really aspire to this unity and these values.

Advice for parents

“Creating a developing home environment. Children's Home Library»

Ovechkina Olga Georgievna,

educator MBDOU No. 140,

Murmansk

The reader's biography of a modern child begins, as a rule, from preschool age. Many of them have not yet mastered reading skills. Communication with a book in children occurs in several ways: the child listens to the reading of books by parents, educators, independently gets acquainted with the contents of the book from illustrations, or an adult reads aloud and simultaneously shows illustrations. Maybe before school awaken the reader in the child without teaching him a single letter. It is necessary to introduce the baby into the world of literature gradually, taking into account his age-related interests and capabilities.

What kind of books do preschoolers look at and read? Of course, interesting, informative, educational and colorfully designed. But it is necessary to remember that not only the content, but also the design of the book must correspond to the age capabilities of the child.

paper should be white, of good quality, against which black letters stand out in contrast;
the font is clear, legible, with clearly expressed intra-letter gaps. It is better if all elements of the letters are of the same thickness and without decorative excesses;
it is desirable that the illustrations be located above or to the side of the text - the child will be less distracted when reading.

It is important not only to buy new books for the baby and read them, it is necessary to organize a workshop in the family to repair old books, which, perhaps, are passed down from generation to generation. And also interesting create your own books along with mom and dad.

Items for making a children's journalism book: pencils, felt-tip pens, paints, stencils, pictures, photographs, albums, staplers, glue. In addition to the fact that children enjoy spending time looking at illustrations and reading books in their home library, they can create books themselves and then introduce adults and peers to them.

Texts compiled by children (and written down by adults) can be short daily notes (“News of the Day”), or together with drawings, they can illustrate the content of a favorite fairy tale, poem, or depict a riddle. The content of such children's works largely depends on the interests of children. Here are a few options for handwritten books to offer older preschoolers.

№	Theme of the book
1	Book of birthdays	A separate page is dedicated to each birthday in the family. Illustrations can be dedicated to both the holiday itself and the dreams of birthday people about a gift, about the celebration itself.
2	Book for recommendations	Periodically, each child in the family expresses his innermost dreams and wishes. They can serve as the basis for creating such a book, supplemented with drawings, photographs, collages. It is advisable to return to it from time to time in order to see how the interests and needs of children change, dreams come true, what can be done to help them come true.
3	travel book	This book contains illustrated stories of children about summer travels (to the village with their grandmother, with their parents at sea, etc.). A prerequisite is the presence of a large number of photographs and drawings
4	The book of the young cook	The book may contain recipes for those dishes that children love and that they can cook on their own or with adults. It does not require text, it can be replaced by diagrams or conditional icons
5	The Big Book of Hobbies and Hobbies	The basis of the book is an album with blank sheets, where inserts, pictures, calendars, chips, drawings, labels are gradually collected, reflecting the world of the child's interests. Materials can be supplemented with stories of a preschooler: about his hobbies and interests
6	book of riddles	The very name of these books speaks for itself: they can contain both invented by children and literary riddles, crossword puzzles, puzzles, poems and, of course, illustrations made by children
7	Book of poems
8	Rodovod	The most emotionally significant events for children take place in the family: family holidays, the birth of younger brothers and sisters, the acquisition of pets. Children are happy to talk about such events. The family becomes the author of a book that tells about its composition, hobbies, family traditions, professions of family members
9	Book of young talents	This is a collection of the best works of the child (or children of the family, if there are several): drawings, applications, origami, etc.

For all listed types of books, the material is paper and cardboard. But the imagination of children can lead them further. For example, it looks completely unconventional book from fastened handkerchiefs. Now the textile industry produces children's handkerchiefs with bright plot images of characters from books and cartoons, so why not such handkerchiefs are brothers of the book "Our favorite cartoons"?

One has only to starch and iron the handkerchiefs well, and they become like real book pages.

Another idea - colorful wrapper book. How many delicious sweets do children eat in a year? Enough candy wrappers to make a fragrant book. Candy wrappers are glued or sewn onto the fabric base. It turns out pages in the style of patchwork (shreds), which you can look through, and at the same time breathe in a fabulous candy aroma.

Items and devices for the restoration of books"Book Hospital": sets of paper and cardboard, scissors with blunt ends, adhesive tape, glue, oilcloth, gauze strips, strong sewing threads, etc. Unfortunately, books cannot serve their young readers indefinitely. Paper is a short-lived material, and books often need to be repaired and restored. You can, of course, ask your parents for help in this situation, but it is much more useful to “treat” the book on your own. Restoring books from a children's library is a delicate and painstaking business, children can only perform some operations under the guidance of an adult, but nothing compares to the joy of reanimating a book with their own hands.