Nouns that have only the singular form are divided. Nouns that have only the singular form

GOALS:

• know: about nouns that have only the singular form;
• be able to: use the indicated nouns in combination with adjectives and past tense verbs.

During the classes

1. SELF-DICTATION.

2. So.ntse air and moisture (by)increase ur.zhaynost.

a) Submit an offer.

b) Fill in the missing letters.

c) Open brackets.

d) Explain spelling.

3. EXPLANATION OF THE NEW MATERIAL.

a) Write down the nouns in a column: sun, air, moisture, productivity.

b) Determine the gender and number: singular.

c) Is it possible to form a plural form from these nouns?

With what endings can this be done? (-S, -I; -A, -Z).

d) What conclusion can be drawn? ( There are nouns that only have the singular form..)

e) Describe the offer:

1) (What?) “sun, air, moisture” are subjects expressed by nouns.

2) About them (what is said?), that they "raise". It is a predicate expressed by a verb.

3) “Increase” (what?) Productivity. This is an addition expressed by a noun.

4) “Sun”, “air”, “moisture” are homogeneous subjects, since they answer the same question and refer to the same word. The first and second subjects are connected by the intonation of the enumeration, they are separated by a comma, the second and third are connected by the union “and”, which is single, in this case the comma is not put.

5) The proposal for intonation is narrative, for the purpose of the statement - non-exclamatory.

6) Common.

4. THE WORD OF THE TEACHER.

The topic of today's our lesson, we read together on the board: "Nouns that have only the singular form." We will learn to distinguish between nouns that are used only in the singular from those that have two numbers. The weather is good. Can you say so? The word "weather" does not have a plural form. There may be “long rains”, “severe thunderstorms” pass, “severe blizzards and snowstorms” rage, but “weather” - excellent, good, variable, bad, disgusting - will still remain “weather”, a singular noun.

5. WORK WITH THE BOOK.

P.206, we read the rule.

A poster made on the blackboard on one's own to this lesson.

1. Real: milk, sour cream, gasoline, kerosene, kefir.
2. Distracted: love, friendship, redness, kindness, severity.
3. With selective: teaching, boyars, kulaks, foliage .
4. Own: Caucasus, Urals, Krokodil magazine, Elektrostal.

6. FIXING.

I am reading the text, and you write down the nouns in two columns: singular and plural.

You want to bake something for dinner. Not every hostess will have at hand yeast. Bake biscuit. Do it like this. Whisk two eggs with a glass Sahara. Add half a glass sour cream slightly diluted kefir. Add soda and pour flour. knead dough and roll it out. Cut out the shapes and bake them. Finished biscuit sprinkle with grated chocolate. Must be submitted to tea, cream. Bon appetit!

Write the words in the first column: cookies, sugar, sour cream, kefir, soda, flour, dough, chocolate, tea.

In the second column - yeast, cream.

What other words can be added to these columns?

7. ON THE BOARD words. Write them out in 3 columns:

singular and plural

Ts.fra, zamoro.ki, sh.pot, darkness, v.rota, weekdays, s.rib, sh.rokh, darkness, r.stenie, ts.rk, t.mnota, holiday nickname, (by) darkness , anger.

What words are more common in Russian? ( Those that have two numbers).

- What grammatical features do not have nouns that have only the plural form? ( Genus, declension).

– What are synonyms? Find them in our words.

8. WORKING TOGETHER.

Match the nouns with antonyms. They must be used only in singular form.

- What are antonyms? On the desk:

9. HOMEWORK(orally pick up antonyms for nouns).

Thaw - frost; holiday - weekdays; dawn - darkness.

Come up with a sentence with one of the words.

10. INSERT nouns that are used only in the singular form.

There is no bad weather) . Each ... (weather) ... (grace). Shura ... (hay) ted, ... (rake) in ... (hay) forgot.

Sleeping under the snows .... Let ... (blizzard) spin in the fields. ... (February) gray-haired wanders along the road. Let it get cold again, but ... (spring) will still come.

11. SUMMARY OF THE LESSON.

What new did you learn in the lesson?

12. SCORING.

MORPHOLOGY

NOUN

1. In exercise 100, find words that are used only in the singular. Write out phrases with nouns that have both singular and plural forms. Write the phrases twice: in the singular and in the plural.

2. What information about the number of a noun do you know (check the table on p. 42)? Read the theoretical material of the paragraph, noting what you have learned about the number form of the noun.

The number is a non-permanent morphological feature. Most nouns are used both in the singular and in the plural: textbook - textbooks, student - students, day - days. These nouns denote things that can be counted.

However, some nouns are used only in the singular (torment, friendship, youth) or only in the plural: (glasses, chess, scales).

The nouns that have the form of only the singular include: collective nouns (foliage, teaching); real nouns (flour, butter, soup, phosphorus); proper names (Dnepr, Kharkiv, Ukraine); the names of the cardinal directions (south, north, west, east).

The nouns that have only the plural form include: nouns denoting periods of time, natural phenomena, actions, states (holidays, precipitation, debate, day); nouns denoting composite objects (glasses, swings, sledges, checkers); real nouns (ink, yeast, cream); game names (hide and seek, burners); the totality of something (money); geographical and astronomical names (Gemini, Alps, Chernivtsi).

3. What features of nouns are inconstant? Name the constant signs of nouns.

1. Check if the nouns given in the exercise can be used in the plural.

2. Write down nouns that are used only in the singular, distributing them into thematic groups.

1. Substances, products: gold, milk, ....

2. A set of persons, objects (collective nouns): foliage, humanity, ....

3. Proper nouns: Ukraine

Youth, relatives, kefir, oil, lard, Europe, the crowd, teachers, Asia, midges, children, Hoverla, cottage cheese, sour cream, infantry, Kyiv, tea, jam, Dnieper, honey, lamb, Khreshchatyk, sugar.

3. Indicate the gender of proper nouns

From these verbs, form and write down nouns with which you can name actions. Write a noun that has both forms of number in the singular and in the plural.

Sample. Shoot - shoot, shoot.

Walk, thresh, mow, beg, burn, serve.

1. Read the words given in the exercise. What attribute unites all the words? What thematic groups can they be divided into?

2. Write down the words, distributing them into thematic groups.

Yeast, cream, hide and seek, hide and seek, pasta, trousers, shorts, spaghetti, cabbage soup, scissors, pliers, meatballs, burners, chess, trousers, leggings, tongs, vise, breeches, jeans, towns.

119 Essay

Write a short essay using the words from one of the thematic groups (see exercise 118).

It is interesting!

In the Old Russian language, in addition to the singular and plural forms, there was also a dual form that was used to denote two objects. In modern Russian, there are some signs of a dual number 1) the ending - but in the nominative case of the plural of masculine nouns (shores, cities), which previously could only be in masculine nouns denoting paired objects (eyes, sleeves): 2) forms plural of neuter nouns denoting paired objects (leaks, knees, ears).

1. Write off unfinished sentences, placing punctuation marks, quotation marks. Match adjectives, pronouns, verbs with the noun, given that the noun refers to a female person.

1. A (new) literature teacher advised., to read the book Krosh's Vacation and we ... 2. (An elderly) colleague put on., glasses so that .. 3. A (famous) scientist wrote a memoir called Life in Science so that ...

2. Indicate nouns that are used only in the singular.

121 Statement

1. Read the text. Title it.

2. Write down words that are used only in the singular or only in the plural, obsolete and borrowed words. Make punctuation schemes for those sentences in which punctuation marks may cause you difficulties.

3. Write a summary of this text using the written materials.

There were wide sledges at the entrance, and a thick fog was rising from a trio of white horses. The sleigh was empty, because Volodya was already standing in the entryway, untying his hood with red, chilled fingers. His gymnasium coat, cap, galoshes, and hair at the temples were covered with frost, and from head to toe he emitted such a delicious frosty smell that, looking at him, you wanted to go cold and say: “brr!”.

Mother and aunt rushed to hug and kiss Volodya. Natalya fell at his feet and began to quickly pull off his felt boots.

The sisters raised a squeal, the doors creaked loudly, slammed, and Volodya's father, wearing only a waistcoat and with scissors in his hands, ran into the hall and shouted in fright:

- And we were waiting for you yesterday! Did you get well? Safely? Lord, my God, let him say hello to his father! What, I'm not a father, or what?

According to L. Chekhov

A sledge is a low and wide sled without a seat, with sides diverging apart from the front.

Sleigh - a winter wagon on runners.

Bashlyk - a warm cloth headdress in the form of a wide hood with long ends.

Front - the first non-residential room at the entrance to the apartment, in which outerwear is left; hallway.

Test your knowledge

Find the inaccuracy in the statement.

1. All nouns can be used both in the singular and in the plural.

2. The number is a constant feature of the noun.

123 “The Fourth Extra”

1. Hoarfrost, book, chair, snowflake.

2. Sneakers, glasses, perfume, sheets.

What morphological features of a noun have you already studied? Using the materials of the table on p. 42. indicate the morphological features of nouns: stacks, joy, in a day.

1. Write down the sentences by inserting the missing letters. Fill in the missing punctuation marks. In words with missing letters, mark the spelling.

2. Indicate the words that are used only in the singular or talc in the plural. What words are native Russian?

1. I fill .. with hot tea scrambled eggs and in the kitchen .. dad comes in ironed trousers and a striped shirt .. (V. Mashkov). 2. Dad, remember your childhood and you will understand .. me (V. Mashkov). 3. My grandmother and I. ate on the sand and ate cheese bread and drank m..loko (B. Zhitkov). 4. From this m..loca they will make butter, cheese, TV..horn, see tanu (B. Zhitkov). 5. Ah, if these holidays never ended! I dreamed (A. Aleksin).

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Purpose: 1. To know the categories of nouns that have only the plural or only the singular. 2. Be able to distinguish nouns that have one numerical form from other nouns. 3. Be able to select antonyms for nouns.

Discharges of nouns that have only the plural form 1. Names of paired objects: sleigh, droshki, scissors, pincers, gates, glasses, trousers, etc. 2. Names of games: burners, hide and seek, blind man's bluff, chess, checkers, etc. 3. Designations of individual time intervals: day, weekdays, twilight, holidays, etc. 4. Material-collective nouns: pasta, cream, yeast, ink, perfume, etc. 5. Proper names: Alps, Carpathians, Kholmogory, Gorki.

Discharges of nouns that have the form of only the singular 1. Real nouns: butter, milk, sugar, water, oil, steel, copper, etc. 2. Collective nouns: spruce forest, youth, students, etc. 3. Abstract (abstract): whiteness, cleanliness, laziness, kindness, thinness, enthusiasm, running around, mowing, walking, warmth, dampness, thaw, etc. 5. Proper names (full name): Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy

A plural form of some of these nouns is possible, but only to refer to certain grades, grades Stainless steel (singular) - alloy steels (pl.); olive oil (sing.) - technical oils (pl.); impenetrable mud (sing.) - therapeutic mud (pl.); spinal cord (sing.) – prepare brains (pl.)

Choose antonyms for nouns that are used only in the singular. (10 b.) Strength - weakness; true False; wealth - poverty; tears - laughter; fun - sadness; old age - youth; anger is kindness; white - black; running around - walking; light is darkness.

Municipal educational budgetary institution Lyceum No. 6 of the municipal district Meleuzovsky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Lesson summary

on the topic

"nouns,

which only have the form

singular"

(Grade 5 under the program "School 2100")

Compiled by the teacher

Russian language and literature

Isanova I.G

Meleuz, 2013

The topic of the lesson is “Nouns that have only the singular form”

Lesson type. A lesson in discovering new knowledge.

Goals as activities of students.

1) M / n (meta-subject): extract information presented in different forms (text, illustration),

process and transform information from one type to another (into an illustration, diagram),

own different types of listening (selective, detailed).

2) 6LR (knowledge of language as a speech activity): recognize nouns that have singular forms only,

determine their thematic affiliation,

to distinguish between nouns that have and do not have correlative forms of number (singular or plural).

3) 3LR (mastering the skills of various types of oral and written speech): find in the text nouns that have only the plural, only the singular, as well as both forms of the number, use them correctly in speech.

Equipment.

1) Textbook “Russian language. Grade 5 ": textbook. for educational institutions: in 2 books. Book. 2/ R.N. Buneev, E.V. Buneeva, L.Yu. Komissarova, I.V. Tekucheva, N.A. Isaeva; under scientific ed. acad. RAO A.A. Leontiev. – M.: Balass, 2012.

2) Presentation for the lessonpresentation_ rus_5 kl_ ur96 (website "Educational system "School 2100")

3) Computer, projector.

During the classes

I. Organizing moment. Greetings. Check readiness for the lesson. Identification of absentees.

II. Checking homework. Actualization of knowledge, on the basis of which a “bridge” is built to learn new things.

Communicative UUD

1. Build a coherent monologue in an educational and scientific style.

2. Observe the norms of constructing speech (logicality, consistency, coherence, relevance to the topic, etc.)

Let's start today's lesson by checking your homework:

1) listening to question plans compiled by students on the assignment for exercise 399;

2) oral stories on the linguistic topic "What do I know about the number of nouns."

Sample question plan

1. What does the noun mean in the singular and in the plural?

2. What is used to convey the change in the name of a noun by numbers?

3. What is the dual form of a noun?

4. What groups of nouns are only plural?

Exemplary a story on the linguistic topic "What I know about the number of nouns."

In Russian, one of the non-permanent morphological features of a noun is the category of number. A noun has a singular form when an object is singular, for example: a table, a window. The noun has a plural form when there are two or more objects, for example: tables, windows.

Changing the name of a noun by numbers is transmitted using endings: month - months, evening - evenings.

In the Old Russian language there was a special form of the dual number, which was used to denote two objects, for example: table - the singular number, the table - the dual number, which meant "two tables"; tables are plural. When the forms of the dual number began to disappear from the language, they were preserved for the longest time in words naming paired objects: eyes, sides, horns, sleeves. These forms have survived to our time, but already as forms of the nominative plural.

There are also nouns that have only the plural form. These include nouns denoting compound (“paired”) objects - glasses, trousers; substances - ink, cream; natural phenomena - twilight, frost; events - name days; periods of time - holidays, days; games - hide and seek, chess; geographical names - Alps, Carpathians.

III . Motivation of goal-setting and determination of the purpose of the lesson.

Regulatory UUD

1. Make guesses based on observations.

2. Formulate the question (problem) of the lesson.

1) Problematic situation. Problem search and problem definition by students.

Working with a presentationpresentation_ rus_5 kl_ ur96).

In your linguistic stories, you talked about such a grammatical category as number. Let's watch some more. Look at the pictures and say what they show.

(In the pictures - milk, sugar, rice.)

What do these words have in common?

(These words refer to substances.)

(No. These items cannot be counted.)

Try to "weigh" or "pour" these substances.

(Pour milk, weigh two or three kilograms of sugar, four tons of rice).

What number did you get?

(This is a dual number.)

Try to form the plural form of these words. What problem are you facing?

(The problem is that the plural form of these words cannot be formed.)

Draw a conclusion from the current situation.

(These words do not have a plural form.)

3) Formulation the topic of the lesson and its objectives by the students (with the participation of the teacher).

At the beginning of the lesson, we said that nouns have singular and plural forms, there are nouns that have only a plural form. Such nouns can be divided into thematic groups. Now we have words that do not have a plural form. What do you think we will do in class today? What do we learn new? State the purpose of our lesson.

(The purpose of our lesson is to learn to distinguish between nouns that have only the singular form and to distinguish groups of such words).

Let's compare your wording with the wording in the textbook on page 223 to paragraph 45 (Students read).

IV . The activities of students in the development of primary knowledge and skills on the topic of the lesson.

Regulatory UUD

1. Look for ways to solve the problem.

2. To carry out cognitive and personal reflection.

Cognitive UUD

1. Convert information (text to diagram).

2. To master the methods of selection and systematization of material.

1) The primary activity of students in obtaining knowledge based on observation of educational (language) material.

Read the words (work with the presentation -presentation_ rus_5 kl_ ur96).

Mankind, man, relative, relatives, piece of iron, iron, leaf, foliage, pea, pea.

Write in one column nouns that can be counted, in the other - denoting things that cannot be counted.

Let's see what groups you divided the words into.

Words can be divided into two groups. The first - in it what cannot be calculated, in the second - you can

humanity man

relatives relative

iron piece of iron

foliage leaf

pea pea

Try to form the forms of a different number from the words of each group.

It is impossible to form a plural form from the words of the first group, but from the words of the second group it is possible. Man - people, relative - relatives, piece of iron - pieces of iron, leaf - sheets, pea - peas.

2) Preliminary conclusions and their generalization in graphic form (scheme, tables, etc.).

What conclusion can you draw?

In Russian, there are nouns that have the form

only the singular.

Indeed, in Russian there are nouns that have only the singular form. Examples of such nouns are presented on the slide (continuation of work with the presentation).

Oil, courage, children, oil, kindness, gold, blue, furniture, students.

Divide the words into thematic groups, continue the rows of words with your own examples.

1. Names of substances: little, oil, gold (rice, sugar, milk)

2. The names of the totality of something: children, furniture, students (peasantry, youth, junk)

3. Names of abstract concepts: courage, kindness, blue (love, courage, anger)

Let's try to draw up a support diagram on the topic of the lesson "Nouns that have the form of only the singular" Work in pairs.

(After working in pairs, several support schemes are written on the board).

V. Primary consolidation of skills to use new knowledge in practice.

Cognitive UUD

1. Highlight the main thing, collapse information to key concepts.

2. Analyze, compare, establish similarities and differences, group.

3. Transform information from one form to another (text, diagram, table).

Communicative UUD

1. Express your thoughts freely.

2. Listen and hear others, be ready to correct your point of view.

3. Negotiate and come to a common decision in joint activities.

4. Provide mutual assistance, exercise mutual control.

Now let's check in practice how you can use the knowledge gained about thematic groups. For example, exercise 401(the ability to select nouns only in the singular develops) . (Assignment read). Clue: a word should name either a collection of something, or an abstract concept, or a substance (product).

Children - kids (collection, set) and childhood (abstract concept); pea - pea (product); dairy - milk (product); oilman - oil (substance); wheat - wheat (product); good-natured - kindness (abstract concept); daredevil - courage (abstract concept); turns blue - blue (abstract concept); daring - daring (abstract concept); oiler - oil (product).

(The exercise is performed orally)

This task was easy and we did it all together. Let's complicate. Now each of you, doing exercise 403(the ability to find in the text and group nouns that have and do not have correlative forms of numbers develops) independently write out nouns in groups: 1) nouns that have the form of the singular and plural;

2) nouns that have only the plural form;

3) nouns that have only the singular form.

Then we will conduct a mutual check, and then together we will reflect on the meaning of this poem.

1) Singular and plural nouns - space, boron, trunk, resin, distance, thicket, anthill, squirrel, arrow, pine, forest, old man, trail, year, needle, bump, ant;

2) Nouns that have only the plural form - the gate;

3) Nouns that have the form of only the singular - shelter, twilight, heat, bark, wilderness, dryness, height, childhood.

After fruitful practical work, we turn to generalization. Now we all know about such a category as the number of nouns. Let's try to convert our knowledge into a table, i.e. systematize.

( Collective compilation of a summary table “Number of names nouns.)

Fill the table.

Number

Meaning

Example

(Students complete the table)

Number

Meaning

Example

unit - pl.

one item - many items

friend - friends, forest - forests

Only plural

1) composite ("paired") items

2) substances (products)

3) natural phenomena

4) events

5) time spans

6) games

glasses, pincers

perfume, horns

frost, dusk

christening, seeing off

day, weekday

checkers, hide and seek

Only single

1) substances (products)

2) set

3) abstract concepts

gold, meat

youth, old

courage, pampering

Check yourself (a table is projected onto the screen). You have completed this task.

VI . Reflective activity of students and teachers.

Regulatory UUD

1. Correlate the goals and results of your activities.

2. Develop evaluation criteria and determine the degree of success of the work.

1 ) Reflection of students (I KNOW ...; I CAN ...).

Our lesson is coming to an end, and I would like to summarize. The phrase will help us to make it: “I know the keywords of today's topic ...”. Continue with my suggestion.

Nouns only singular, thematic groups of nouns only singular: 1) substances (products); 2) aggregate; 3) abstract concepts, etc.

2) Evaluation by students of their educational work in the lesson (as part of the primary test of the formation of skills).

– By what criteria will you evaluate yourself?

3) Evaluation by the teacher of the achievements of students in the lesson (general assessment of collective work in the lesson; assessment of the educational activities of students in pairs and groups; individual assessment given to individual students).

VII . Homework exercise 405 (the teacher suggests completing each group with three or four words). The remaining tasks are completed in full.

Development of a lesson on the topic: "Nouns that have the form of only the singular."

Active purpose: the formation in students of a new way of activity associated with the search and selection of information.

Tasks: teach children

1) find nouns that have only the singular form;

2) use these nouns in combination with adjectives and past tense verbs;

3) include new material in the knowledge system and repeat what has been learned.

During the classes:

I. Motivation for learning activities.

Good afternoon guys. Let's look at each other and smile. I am glad that you are in a good mood, and I hope that we will work together today. I don't even doubt it.

II. Actualization and fixation of an individual difficulty in a trial action.

Guess the riddles, the riddles of which are nouns that have only the plural form.

What kind of water is only suitable for the literate? (ink)

The whole age walks, not a person. (clock)

Two rings, two ends, carnations in the middle. (scissors)

Though liquid, but not water, not snow, but white. (milk)

What did you notice in the 4th riddle? (noun singular)

Try to insert this word in the plural. (-)

III. Building a project for getting out of a difficulty (goal, topic, method, plan, means).

How can we formulate the topic of the lesson? (Nouns that have only the singular)

What should we learn today? (find those nouns)

IV. Implementation of the project construction.

This group includes nouns denoting phenomena and concepts that "countability" contradicts. These words include:

1. real:

A) metals: iron, steel, zinc, aluminum

B) substances and products: wax, sugar, milk, sour cream

C) cereals and other cultivated plants: rye, lilac, barley

C) vegetables and berries: peas, onions, strawberries, garlic

2. collective: students, foliage, youth

3. abstract, naming qualities and properties, processes and actions or general concepts: wisdom, homeland, perseverance, reading, warmth, generosity

4. proper names: Maxim Gorky, Moscow, Sevostopol, Crimea

V. Fixing the material.

Exercise 515

Students complete the exercise in notebooks, commenting on the written words in turn in the table. Checking

1 column (with emphasis on 1 syllable): drought, anger, hatred, beets, silage, suffering, brushwood, needles, brushwood, cotton.

2 column (with emphasis on 2 syllables): fear, drowsiness, leisure, unity, nettle, porcelain, cement, sorrel.

3 column (with emphasis on 3 syllables): rubber, youth.

Students read out phrases: beautiful porcelain, red beets, sour sorrel ...

VI. Self-control with self-test according to the standard.

I suggest that you complete the task yourself according to the options

IN 1. Choose antonyms for nouns that are used only in the singular.

True, poverty, grief, old age, whiteness. (Truth is a lie, poverty is wealth, grief is joy, old age is youth, whiteness is blackness.)

IN 2. Choose antonyms for nouns that are used only in the singular.

Running, light, movement, kindness, fear, childhood

VII. Inclusion in the system of knowledge and repetition.

I ask the guys to break into two groups: boys and girls.

Task 1 group: remember the name of 3-4 instruments that have only plural forms. hours and make a proposal according to the scheme O, O, O and O - these are working tools. (Vise, wire cutters, pliers and ticks -

Task 2 group: remember the “delicious” nouns. and “serve” them for breakfast, moreover, noun. must have only singular forms. Making an O, O, O, and O sentence is our favorite breakfast. (Milk, cottage cheese, sour cream and radish - ..)

Working with the underachieving: work on punched cards (for repetition).

VIII. Reflection of educational activity.

What was the lesson about? (Nouns having the singular form only)

Name the words that are used only in the singular.

Be careful when using these words in your speech.

Which work in the lesson did you like the most, which work was difficult?

IX. House. exercise:

1. Exercise 517 (be able to distinguish between the numbers of nouns)

2. Come up with 10 sentences on the topic "In the store" (use nouns that have both numbers that have only plural and singular forms)