Table of passive participles of the present tense. Passive and real participle: how they are formed and how they differ

Real participles denote a sign of an object that itself produces an action: Today at five o'clock in the morning, when I opened the window, my room was filled with the smell of flowers growing in a modest front garden (M. Lermontov).
Passive participles denote a sign of an object that is affected by another object: Tired of a long speech, I closed my eyes and yawned (M. Lermontov).
PARTICIPLE FORMATION
When forming participles, the following verb signs are taken into account:

1. Transitivity or intransitivity of the verb (both real and passive participles are formed from transitive verbs; from intransitive - only real participles).
2. Verb type (from perfective verbs, present participles are not formed. From imperfective verbs, real participles of the present and past tense are formed, from most imperfective verbs, passive past participles are not formed, although these verbs have the corresponding forms of passive participles of the present tense).
3. Verb conjugation (both active and passive present participles have different suffixes depending on the verb conjugation).

Verbs	Communions
	valid		passive
	present. time	past time	present time	past time
transitional
imperfect form	+	+	+	+
perfect look	-	+	-	+
intransitive
imperfect form	+	+	-	-
perfect look	_	+	¦ 1	-P

1. Reflexivity or non-reflexivity of the verb (passive participles are not formed from reflexive verbs). Real participles formed from reflexive verbs retain the suffix -sya at all times, regardless of what sound (vowel or consonant) is in front of this suffix: laughing boy, laughing boy (cf. with the verb: laugh, laughed); the suffix -sya stands at the sacrament after the end: smiling.

When forming participles to the suffixes of the present tense -usch-(-yush-), -ash-(-yash-), -em-im- and the past tense -vsh-, sh-, -ni-, -enn-, -t - male endings are added,

feminine and neuter singular (-th, -th, -th, -ee) or plural endings (-th, -e).
Not all types of participles are formed from a number of verbs.
Note. Most transitive imperfective verbs do not have a passive past participle form.

In the lesson, you will learn more about the concept of "the pledge of the sacrament", consider the differences between the active and passive voice (semantic and grammatical). During the lesson, pay special attention to the suffixes with which participles are formed.

Theme: Communion

Lesson: Active and passive participles

Rice. 2. Verb conjugation

Homework

Exercises number 83 - 84. Baranov M.T., Ladyzhenskaya T.A. and others. Russian language. 7th grade. Textbook. 34th ed. - M.: Education, 2012.

Exercise: write out phrases with participles, mark the suffixes of participles, determine the pledge of participles.

1. A wonderful monument. 2. Seen from afar 3. Towering building 4. Protected cathedral 5. Protected by law 6. Remaining in memory 7. Terrifying sight 8. Trembling 9. Respectful 10. Passionate tourists 11. Architectural style 12. Frozen music

Russian language in diagrams and tables. Declension of participles.

Didactic materials. Section "Communion"

3. Online store of the publishing house "Lyceum" ().

Spelling of participles.

4. Online store of the publishing house "Lyceum" ().

Literature

1. Razumovskaya M.M., Lvova S.I. and others. Russian language. 7th grade. Textbook. 13th ed. - M.: Bustard, 2009.

2. Baranov M.T., Ladyzhenskaya T.A. and others. Russian language. 7th grade. Textbook. 34th ed. - M.: Education, 2012.

3. Russian language. Practice. 7th grade. Ed. S.N. Pimenova. 19th ed. - M.: Bustard, 2012.

4. Lvova S.I., Lvov V.V. Russian language. 7th grade. In 3 hours, 8th ed. - M.: Mnemosyne, 2012.

If you do not know what the sacrament is, then first of all we recommend that you read the article "" on this site.

Valid participles

Real Communion- This is a participle that denotes a sign produced by an object / object. Example: A girl jumping rope. The action is performed by the object "girl" - she jumps over the rope.

Active participles are present and past tense. Let's look at examples:

• The person who writes the news. Writer - active present participle. The person is writing the news at the moment. Such participles are formed from verbs in the present tense using the suffixes -usch-, -yushch- (for the first conjugation of verbs) and -ash-, -yashch- (for the second conjugation of verbs).
• The man giving the compliment. Made - real past participle. The man has already made a compliment. Such participles are formed from verbs in the past tense using the suffixes -vsh-, -sh-.

Passive participles

Passive Communion- This is a participle that denotes a sign produced on one object or object by the actions of another. Example: a ship built by the villagers. The villagers performed an action on the ship - they built it.

Passive participles are present and past tense. Let's look at examples:

• A chair broken by a student. Breakable - present passive participle. The student performs an action on the chair - breaks it. Such participles are formed from verbs in the present tense using the suffixes -om-, -em- (for verbs of the first conjugation) and -im- (for verbs of the second conjugation).
• Dog beaten by owner. Beaten - passive past participle. The owner performed an action on the dog - he beat her. Such participles are formed from verbs in the past with the help of suffixes -nn-, -enn-, -t-, -ot-.