Image of Zhilin and Kostylin. Benchmarking

comparative characteristics of Zhilin and Kostylin

thank you very much
thank you but there was no need for cheerfulness
Yulia you copied
What do our heroes have in common?
1) Served in the Caucasus.

are captured.

Zhilin Kostylin
it's finally a test
The story The Prisoner of the Caucasus describes the story of two colleagues who were captured by the Tatars of other religions on completely legal grounds. According to the custom of the mountaineers, warriors can be captured and given a good ransom for them, or killed if there is no money.
While in captivity, these two people are placed in the same conditions. However, Kostylin submits to the Tatars and writes a letter home asking him to send money for ransom. Kostylin, subordinate to his position, awaits the ransom and does not even attempt to escape. This person is weak in spirit, with a lack of character. Kostylin loves himself very much and at decisive moments he is ready to sacrifice his friend and own honor, just to save yourself and not cause yourself additional suffering.
A main character Zhilin - his character matches his surname. Therefore, we conclude: he is strong, persistent, and sinewy. He has golden hands, in captivity he helped the highlanders, repaired something, people even came to him for treatment. This person has tremendous willpower, he is ready to go towards his goal even when it seems impossible to others. Someone like Zhilin never gives up and will never leave someone in trouble, even at the cost of his life.
In my opinion, Zhilin and Kostylin have the same fates. They both serve in the army and both ended up in captivity. But everyone lives their life in their own way, and in the story The Prisoner of the Caucasus, each hero experiences the trials that befell him in different ways.
Thank you!
What do our heroes have in common?
1) Served in the Caucasus.
2) Zhilin and Kostylin are nobles.
3) Both officers of the Russian army, both go on vacation
are captured.
Kostylin: ... the man is overweight, fat, all red, and the sweat is pouring off him.
Zhilin: He wasn’t very tall, but he was brave.
We compare the portraits of the heroes: What attitude should the reader have towards Zhilin and Kostylin.
Contempt and hostility appeared towards Kostylin from the description of his appearance. Such a pitiful, insignificant person can be weak, ready for a vile act.
Zhilin is outwardly an ordinary person, but one can feel strength and courage in him.
Zhilin talks to the horse, calls it mother, dear. He loves the horse and feels sorry for him when he sees her suffering. Zhilin does not seek to present himself as a hero, he does not like beautiful words, he is observant, smart, and conveys his thoughts and feelings accurately and concisely. Kostylin is incapable of loving and understanding anyone but himself. That's why he doesn't have inner monologue, the author speaks ironically about nm, he has sunk to the best of his ability, frying the horse.
We compare the actions of the heroes, Zhilin does not want to disturb his old mother and demand things that are not beyond his strength, he relies on his own strength, and is actively looking for a way out. I wasn’t afraid, but I won’t be afraid of you dogs!
Kostylin is an egoist, he is sure that his relatives are obliged to ransom him, but he himself does not want to do anything for this, does not fight, and passively submits to circumstances.
Zhilin Kostylin
Zhilin’s main goal is liberation, so he makes a dig, carefully monitors what is happening in the Tatar village, waiting for the right moment. He climbs the mountain to determine the road, even feeds the owner’s dog in advance. Tries to plan for everything. Zhilin evokes sympathy not only from the owner where he lives, but also from ordinary Tatars with his courage and skill. A strong friendship develops with Dina.
Kostylin cares only about himself, about his well-being, he does not know what duty and loyalty in friendship are. He is weak-willed, irresponsible, capable of meanness. He does not commit an act, does not escape from captivity. Kostylin is not a hero, he is not capable of great deeds.
Zhilin - brave, decisive, courageous man. This is a hero.
Kostylin is weak and indecisive. A person who is weak in body and spirit.
Kostylin from crutch is a stick for the lame and powerless.
Thus, even the last names indicate the difference in the characters’ characters.
As a result of comparing the two prisoners, we will draw up a table
Quality Zhilin / Kostylin
Appearance Although Zhilin was not very tall, he was brave. And Kostylin is a heavy, fat man, all red, and the sweat is pouring off him.
Attitude towards the horse Mother, bear it, don’t catch it with your foot. The horse is fried with a whip, first from one side, then from the other.
Behavior in captivity Thinks: I'll leave.
And he’s trying everything out, trying to figure out how to escape.
He walks around the village whistling, or sits and does some handicrafts. Kostylin wrote home again, still waiting for the money to be sent, and was bored. He sits in the barn all day long and counts the days until the letter arrives; or sleeping.
The attitude of the Tatars towards captives Dzhigit Smirny
Endurance, courage Jumping from pebble to pebble and looking at the stars Kostylin keeps falling behind and groans.
Loyalty, devotion...it’s not good to abandon a comrade. Kostylin left Zhilin in trouble and rode off on a horse.
What conclusion can be drawn by comparing the two heroes?
The author contrasts Kostylin’s weaknesses with Kostylin’s fortitude and humanity.
Courage and endurance helped him run to his people, overcoming all difficulties.
What is the idea of the work?
Teach people not to give up even in difficult situations, achieve your goal, relying only on yourself.
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Comparative characteristics of Zhilin and Kostylin (table)
Author: L. N. Tolstoy Work: Prisoner of the Caucasus This work has been copied 101,752 times
ZhilinKostylin
Place of serviceCaucasusCaucasus
Military rankOfficerOfficer
StatusNobleman from an impoverished familyNobleman. With money, pampered.
Appearance: Small in stature, but daring. Heavy build, sweats a lot.
The reader's relationship with the character is outwardly indistinguishable from ordinary person, one can feel the strength of his spirit and courage. The emergence of contempt and hostility because of his appearance. His insignificance and pitifulness testify to his weakness and readiness to resort to meanness.
Ability to loveLoves animals, in particular his horse, calling him with kind words. Shows pity when noticing the suffering of the poor animal. Incapable of loving anyone other than himself.
Personal qualities Does not want to present himself as a hero. Brave, courageous, decisive, observant, prudent, cautious and intelligent. Laconic and precise in conveying his feelings and thoughts. Indecisive, weak in spirit and body.
Actions
Only after making sure that Kostylin had loaded his gun did he decide to climb the mountain.
Dnm made dolls for Dina, dug a tunnel at night.
He relies only on his own strength, actively looking for ways to get out of captivity. Sends the letter to another address so as not to bother the poor mother. Does not submit to circumstances, strives for liberation.
He ran away meanly, fearing for his life, as soon as he saw the Tatars.
Selfishly relies on others, while doing nothing to save himself. I'm sure his relatives will buy him.
Purpose what was done
Determine the road up the mountain.
To free himself from captivity, he dug a tunnel.
Tries to plan for everything.
It has no goals, therefore it does not strive for anything, without resisting, it follows circumstances.
Behavior in captivityFights for life and preserves human dignity. He cannot cope with difficulties, and his personality deteriorates.
complete cacaphony from GDZ but correct
Zhilin’s main goal is liberation, so he makes a dig, carefully monitors what is happening in the Tatar village, waiting for the right moment. He climbs the mountain to determine the road, even feeds the owner’s dog in advance. Tries to plan for everything. Zhilin evokes sympathy not only from the owner where he lives, but also from ordinary Tatars with his courage and skill. A strong friendship develops with Dina.
Kostylin cares only about himself, about his well-being, he does not know what duty and loyalty in friendship are. He is weak-willed, irresponsible, capable of meanness. He does not commit an act, does not escape from captivity. Kostylin is not a hero, he is not capable of great deeds.

I.Articulation warm-up

II. Zhilin and Kostylin - two different characters, two different destinies
Conversation
Let's start the work by finding out the impressions of the story.
- Was it interesting for you to read the story? What episodes caused sadness, sympathy, joy? Which episodes would you like to re-read?
- Which of the heroes aroused respect, which - hostility?
- Why is the story called “Prisoner of the Caucasus” and not “ Caucasian prisoners“There were two prisoners?
The story is called “Caucasian Prisoner”, and not “Caucasian Prisoners”, because the writer pays main attention to the story about Zilina. Zhilin and Kostylin are the heroes of the story, but only Zhilin can be called a true hero.

Compilation comparative table
Talking about Zilina and Kostylin, we begin teaching children comparative analysis. The development of the ability to conduct comparative characteristics heroes in the future, so we’ll give Special attention compiling a comparative table. First, let's discuss the meaning of the characters' surnames.
Progress: Students take turns reading the text of the story. Finding definitions or facts that characterize the heroes from one side or another, students, at the teacher’s suggestion, stop reading and write down a quote, character trait, or action of the hero in the table. Compilation of the table will be completed at home.

Table option

Quality	Zhilin	Kostylin
The meaning of the surname	Veins - blood vessels, tendons. Wiry - lean, muscular, with prominent veins	Crutch - a stick with a crossbar placed under the arm, serving as a support for lame people or those with sore legs when walking
Appearance	“And although Zhilin was not very tall, he was brave”	“And Kostylin is an overweight, fat man, all red, and the sweat just pours from him.”
Forethought	“We need to go out to the mountain to have a look, otherwise they’ll probably jump out from behind the mountain and you won’t see it.” “Zhilin already fed her in advance” (the dog)
Attitude towards the horse	“The horse near Zhilin was a hunting horse (he paid a hundred rubles for it in the herd as a foal and rode it out himself)...” “...Mother, take it out, don’t get your foot caught in it...”	“The horse is fried with a whip, now from one side, now from the other.”
Bravery - cowardice	“-...I won’t give in alive...” “-... It’s worse to be timid with them.”	“And Kostylin, instead of waiting, as soon as he saw the Tatars, he ran as fast as he could towards the fortress.” “And Kostylin became afraid.” “Kostylin fell down in fear”
Behavior in captivity	“Zhilin wrote a letter, but he wrote it wrong on the letter, so that it wouldn’t get through. He thinks: “I’ll leave.” “And he’s looking out for everything, trying to find out how he can escape. He walks around the village, whistling, or sits, doing some handicrafts - either sculpting dolls from clay, or weaving braids from twigs. And Zhilin was a master of all kinds of needlework.”	“Kostylin wrote home again, he was still waiting for the money to be sent and was bored. He sits in the barn all day long and counts the days until the letter arrives; or sleeping"
Tatar opinion about captives	"Dzhigit"	"Smirny"
Observation, curiosity	“Zhilin began to understand their language a little.” “Zhilin stood up, dug out a larger crack, and began to look.”
Endurance, courage	“He jumps from pebble to pebble and looks at the stars”	“Kostylin keeps falling behind and groaning”
Loyalty, devotion	“...it’s not good to abandon a comrade”	Kostylin left Zhilin in trouble and rode off on a horse

Homework
Finish compiling the table.
Prepare oral essay on the theme “Zhilin and Kostylin”.

Zhilin and the Tatars. Zhilin and Dina. The writer's thoughts about friendship different nations like natural law human life. Pictures of nature in the story

I.Checking homework
After the articulation warm-up, students tell how they completed the table.
We listen to the oral compositions of one or two students.
Let’s summarize the results of the work by comparing the two heroes: the writer contrasts Kostylin’s weakness and passivity with Zhilin’s activity, stamina and humanity. Courage and endurance helped him run to his people, overcoming all obstacles.
main idea story - to show that you can not give up even in the most difficult circumstances, you need to persistently achieve your goal.

II. Zhilin and the Tatars. Zhilin and Dina. The writer’s thought about friendship of different peoples as a natural law of human life
Conversation
- How is the life of the village shown: through the eyes of Kostylin or through the eyes of Zhilin? Why?
We invite students to find descriptions of the life of the village in the text, read and retell these descriptions close to the text.
The Tatar village seemed peaceful and calm to Zhilin in the morning. People wake up, everyone is busy with their business, women bring water, boys play around. Zhilin counted ten houses and a Tatar church with a turret (that is, a mosque with a minaret).
When Zhilin entered the house, he saw that the walls were smoothly smeared with clay, and the room was good. Expensive carpets hang on the walls, and weapons in silver hang on the carpets. The stove is small, and the floor is earthen and clean. The front corner is covered with felts, there are carpets on them, and down pillows on the carpets. Here the Tatars sit and treat themselves.
Zhilin observed how the Tatars dressed, both men and women, and noticed that they were very fond of silver. In the house I noticed that they were the first to leave the large shoes at the threshold, and in the other, inner shoes they sat on the carpets. Zhilin also noticed how they wash their hands and pray after eating. Servants are not allowed on carpets with pillows. Women only serve food, but do not sit with men.
Let us draw the children's attention to the description of the Tatar's funeral, to the details telling about the services and the life of women in the village.
- Why did the old woman break Dina’s first doll?
Muslim tradition prohibits depicting people. In addition, the old woman was probably angry with the Russian.
- How did the Tatars treat Zhilin? Why did Abdul-Murat fall in love with Zhilin?
The Tatars respected Zhilin because he did not allow himself to be intimidated when they demanded a ransom from him, and because he knew how to do a lot. Abdul the owner said that he fell in love with Zhilin. The Red Tatar and the old man who lived under the mountain hated all Russians, and Zilina too.
- Tell us about the relationship between Dina and Zhilin. Why did Dina help Zhilin?
Zhilin was grateful to Dina for her help. Dina helped Zhilin, brought him food, because Zhilin showed kindness to her, made her a doll, then a second one. After the thunderstorm, he made a toy for children - a wheel with dolls. Describing the friendship of a girl and a captured Russian officer, Tolstoy wants to say that the feeling of enmity is not innate. Chechen children treat Russians with simple-minded curiosity, not hostility. And Zhilin is fighting with the adult Chechens who attacked him, but not with the children. He treats Dina's courage and kindness with respect and gratitude. If her father had found out that Dina was helping Zhilin, he would have punished her severely.
The author wants to say that enmity between peoples is meaningless, that friendship between people is the norm of human communication, and confirms this with the example of the friendship of Zhilin and Dina.

III. Pictures of nature in the story
Expressive reading
Note that the story does not large descriptions: pictures of nature are short and succinct.
Let's read the description of the mountains that Zhilin saw while sitting on the top of the mountain (chapter four), from the words: “I persuaded the little one, let’s go” - to the words: “And so he thinks that this is the Russian fortress.”
- What is special about this description?
Note that there are very few adjectives. The landscape is shown as if in action.
- Where else in the story do we see an image of nature, as if actively accompanying human actions?
We expressively read the episode from chapter six, from the words: “Zhilin crossed himself, grabbed the lock on the block with his hand...” - to the words: “You can only hear the river gurgling below.”
We will strive to ensure that the text of the story is heard in the lesson in the reading of students. The story about Zhilin's second escape must be read in its entirety.

Homework
Write out rare ones, outdated words and expressions, explain them. (Divide the class into four to five groups and invite each group to work with the text of one of the chapters.)

Brevity and expressiveness of the language of the story. Story, plot, composition, idea of the work

Speech development lesson

I. Brevity and expressiveness of the language of the story
This work has already been started in the previous lesson. Let's draw students' attention to the short sentences in which the story is written. Brevity and at the same time depth are the main advantages of the story.

Vocabulary work (in groups)
Each group of schoolchildren who worked with rare, obscure words and expressions from the chapters of the story discusses with each other the words that the students wrote down at home. The work of explaining the meaning of words by selecting synonyms and referring to explanatory dictionaries. The group identifies one or two representatives who prepare to respond on its behalf. Then we listen to the students’ answer about the meaning of rare words.
A significant number of words and expressions require attention. Let us remember that what seems natural and understandable to us adults can cause significant difficulties for children. At the same time, ignorance of the meaning of even one word in a sentence (especially if it is key) often makes the entire sentence incomprehensible to children.

Chapter first
Straightened out my vacation- booked a vacation.
Seeing off soldiers- soldiers who accompanied a group of people; security.
The sun has already set for half a day- noon has passed.
I'll attack the Tatars- I’ll suddenly meet the Tatars.
Hunting horse- a horse that does not need to be pushed, which easily understands what needs to be done.
Carried him up the hill- the horse and its rider easily climbed the steep mountain.
The whip fry- hits him hard with the whip.
He began to shorten- began to pull the reins to stop the horse.
The horse ran wild- The horse is racing and cannot stop.
Trembling- shuddered.
Nogai - Nogais- people in Russia, they speak the language of the Turkic group.

Chapter two
Raspoyaskaya- without a belt.
Beshmet- men's and women's swinging clothing, worn under a caftan, chekmen, cherkeska among peoples Central Asia, Caucasus, Siberia.
Snoring wet- the muzzle is wet.
Trimmed with galloon. Galloon- a thick ribbon or braid, often with silver or gold thread.
Morocco shoes. Morocco- thin, soft, usually brightly colored leather, made from the skins of goats or sheep.
Sleeves trimmed in red- the sleeves are trimmed with red (galloon, braid, ribbon).
Monisto from Russian fifty dollars- a necklace made of Russian coins of 50 kopecks (at that time fifty kopecks were silver).
Their church, with a turret- a mosque with a minaret.
Pure as current. Current- platform for threshing; The threshing floor is always clean, because grain is collected here and the chaff is swept aside.
Felt- dense thick material made of felted wool.
Cow butter dissolved in a cup- cow's butter (butter) lies, melted, in a cup.
Pelvis- wooden round or oblong dishes, here - for washing hands.
The gun stopped short- the gun misfired, that is, it did not fire due to a malfunction of the weapon or cartridge.

Chapter Three
Three arshins. Arshin- a measure of length equal to 71.12 cm; three arshins - 2.13 m.
Approved them- firmly, steadily placed, attached.
Snores and turns away (old man)- will begin to breathe indignantly, so that a sound similar to snoring appears, and will turn away so as not to look at a person of a different faith.
Huddle behind a stone- hide behind a stone, clinging to it.

Chapter Four
Under the arms and under the bald heads- under the arms and behind the legs under the bends of the knees.
Zarobel- I felt timid and scared.

Chapter Five
Sheep flutters in the corner- the sheep coughs convulsively in the nook, that is, in the barn for small livestock.
The high altitudes began to descend. Vysozhary, or Stozhary, or Pleiades - an open star cluster in the constellation Taurus; in the summer, Stozhary stands high in the sky in the first half of the night, and in the second half of the night gradually descends to the horizon.
Pickled. Malt- a product that is prepared from grain sprouted in moisture and heat, then dried and coarsely ground; Here pickled- became damp (sweaty), as if loose (weak muscles), lethargic.

Chapter Six
Sharp stone- the stone is sharp.
I'll lie down in the forest, the front- I’ll hide in the forest, wait out the day, wait for darkness.

Let's summarize: the brevity of the story's language makes it understandable and fascinating, the use of ancient folk words makes the story expressive and memorable.

II. Story, plot, composition, story idea
In the textbook (p. 278) definitions are given: idea, plot, story, episode. Definition composition you can look it up in the dictionary, us. 309 textbook. We will work with them based on what children know about storytelling from Russian language lessons. Let's write down the definitions in a notebook.

The plot is the chain of events occurring in the work.

What is the plot of the story “Prisoner of the Caucasus”?

A story is a small narrative work that is united by one plot and consists of several episodes.

Which of the works read in 5th grade can we call stories?
Composition is a phenomenon that is familiar to children at the level of representation.
Composition is the construction of a work, the arrangement of parts, episodes and images in a significant time sequence.
Let's say that such a sequence is never random.
The composition of the story “Prisoner of the Caucasus” is based on its plot. Let's highlight in the work exposition, beginning, development of action, climax, denouement And epilogue.
Exposition And epilogue Tolstoy’s words are swift and fit into one or two phrases.
The beginning- receiving a letter from your mother. The action develops quickly and leads to climax- Zilina's second escape.
Denouement- Zhilin manages to reach his own people.
(Often the concept of composition of a narrative work is given in Russian language lessons, so we do not write here in detail about structural elements composition of a narrative work.)
Let's talk about question 7 (p. 278 of the textbook):
- What did the writer take from the memoirs of officer F. F. Tornau, what is the author’s fiction? What ideas, thoughts, feelings does the author of the story want to convey to the reader?
Tolstoy took from his memoirs the idea of the friendship of a captive officer with a Tatar girl who came running to see him and brought him food. F. F. Tornau says that he fed the dog that guarded him. He painted figures and carved wood so that even the Circassians asked him to carve sticks for them. Tolstoy used these facts, slightly changing them. From his life, he took memories of how the Chechens were chasing him and almost took him prisoner.
The writer used the author's fiction. He came up with the idea that there were two prisoners, and invented the story of the first and second escapes. The author wants to instill in readers a feeling of pride in the Russian officer who was captured while fighting enemies, behaved with dignity in captivity and managed to escape.

Idea - the main idea works.

The idea of the story is that perseverance and courage always win. The writer condemns enmity between peoples and considers it meaningless.

Homework
Prepare a written answer to the question: what, in your opinion, is the idea of L. N. Tolstoy’s story “Prisoner of the Caucasus”?

Conversation
Let's start the work by finding out the impressions of the story.
- Was it interesting for you to read the story? What episodes caused sadness, sympathy, joy? Which episodes would you like to re-read?
- Which of the heroes aroused respect, which - hostility?
- Why is the story called “Caucasian Prisoner” and not “Caucasian Prisoners”, because there were two prisoners?
The story is called “Caucasian Prisoner”, and not “Caucasian Prisoners”, because the writer pays main attention to the story about Zilina. Zhilin and Kostylin are the heroes of the story, but only Zhilin can be called a true hero.

Drawing up a comparison table
By talking about Zhilin and Kostylin, we begin teaching children comparative analysis. The development of the ability to conduct comparative characterizations of heroes in the future will depend on the quality of work in this lesson, so we will pay special attention to compiling a comparative table. First, let's discuss the meaning of the characters' surnames.
Progress: Students take turns reading the text of the story. Finding definitions or facts that characterize the heroes from one side or another, students, at the teacher’s suggestion, stop reading and write down a quote, character trait, or action of the hero in the table. Compilation of the table will be completed at home.

Table option

Quality	Zhilin	Kostylin
The meaning of the surname	Veins - blood vessels, tendons. Wiry - lean, muscular, with prominent veins	Crutch - a stick with a crossbar placed under the arm, serving as a support for lame people or those with sore legs when walking
Appearance	“And although Zhilin was not very tall, he was brave”	“And Kostylin is an overweight, fat man, all red, and the sweat just pours from him.”
Forethought	“We need to go out to the mountain to have a look, otherwise they’ll probably jump out from behind the mountain and you won’t see it.” “Zhilin already fed her in advance” (the dog)
Attitude towards the horse	“The horse near Zhilin was a hunting horse (he paid a hundred rubles for it in the herd as a foal and rode out himself) ...” “...Mother, take it out, don’t get your foot caught...”	“The horse is fried with a whip, now from one side, now from the other.”
Bravery - cowardice	“-...I won’t give in alive...” “-...To be timid with them is worse”	“And Kostylin, instead of waiting, as soon as he saw the Tatars, he ran as fast as he could towards the fortress.” “And Kostylin became afraid.” “Kostylin fell down in fear”
Behavior in captivity	“Zhilin wrote a letter, but he wrote it wrong on the letter, so that it wouldn’t get through. He thinks: “I’ll leave.” “And he’s looking out for everything, trying to find out how he can escape. He walks around the village, whistling, or sits, doing some handicrafts - either sculpting dolls from clay, or weaving braids from twigs. And Zhilin was a master of all kinds of needlework.”	“Kostylin wrote home again, he was still waiting for the money to be sent and was bored. He sits in the barn all day long and counts the days until the letter arrives; or sleeping"
Tatar opinion about captives	"Dzhigit"	"Smirny"
Observation, curiosity	“Zhilin began to understand their language a little.” “Zhilin stood up, dug out a larger crack, and began to look.”
Endurance, courage	“He jumps from pebble to pebble and looks at the stars”	“Kostylin keeps falling behind and groaning”
Loyalty, devotion	“...it’s not good to abandon a comrade”	Kostylin left Zhilin in trouble and rode off on a horse

Homework
Finish compiling the table.
Prepare an oral essay on the topic “Zhilin and Kostylin.”

I.Articulation warm-up

II. Zhilin and Kostylin — two different characters, two different destinies
Conversation
Let's start the work by finding out the impressions of the story.
— Was it interesting for you to read the story? What episodes caused sadness, sympathy, joy? Which episodes would you like to re-read?
—Which of the heroes aroused respect, which aroused hostility?
— Why is the story called “Caucasian Prisoner” and not “Caucasian Prisoners”, because there were two prisoners?
The story is called “Caucasian Prisoner”, and not “Caucasian Prisoners”, because the writer pays main attention to the story about Zilina. Zhilin and Kostylin are the heroes of the story, but only Zhilin can be called a true hero.

Drawing up a comparison table
By talking about Zhilin and Kostylin, we begin teaching children comparative analysis. The development of the ability to conduct comparative characterizations of heroes in the future will depend on the quality of work in this lesson, so we will pay special attention to compiling a comparative table. First, let's discuss the meaning of the characters' surnames.
Progress: Students take turns reading the text of the story. Finding definitions or facts that characterize the heroes from one side or another, students, at the teacher’s suggestion, stop reading and write down a quote, character trait, or action of the hero in the table. Compilation of the table will be completed at home.

Table option

Quality	Zhilin	Kostylin
The meaning of the surname	Veins - blood vessels, tendons. Wiry - lean, muscular, with prominent veins	Crutch - a stick with a crossbar placed under the arm, serving as a support for lame people or those with sore legs when walking.
Appearance	“And although Zhilin was not very tall, he was brave”	“And Kostylin is an overweight, fat man, all red, and the sweat just pours from him.”
Forethought	“We need to go out to the mountain to have a look, otherwise they’ll probably jump out from behind the mountain and you won’t see it.” “Zhilin already fed her in advance” (the dog)
Attitude towards the horse	“The horse near Zhilin was a hunting horse (he paid a hundred rubles for it in the herd as a foal and rode out himself) ...” “...Mother, take it out, don’t get your foot caught...”	“The horse is fried with a whip, now from one side, now from the other.”
Bravery - cowardice	“—...I won’t give in alive...” “—...To be timid with them is worse.”	“And Kostylin, instead of waiting, as soon as he saw the Tatars, he ran as fast as he could towards the fortress.” “And Kostylin became afraid.” “Kostylin fell down in fear”
Behavior in captivity	“Zhilin wrote a letter, but he wrote it wrong on the letter, so that it wouldn’t get through. He thinks: “I’ll leave.” “And he’s looking out for everything, trying to find out how he can escape. He walks around the village, whistling, or sits, doing some handicrafts - either sculpting dolls from clay, or weaving braids from twigs. And Zhilin was a master of all kinds of needlework.”	“Kostylin wrote home again, he was still waiting for the money to be sent and was bored. He sits in the barn all day long and counts the days until the letter arrives; or sleeping"
Tatar opinion about captives	"Dzhigit"	"Smirny"
Observation, curiosity	“Zhilin began to understand their language a little.” “Zhilin stood up, dug out a larger crack, and began to look.”
Endurance, courage	“He jumps from pebble to pebble and looks at the stars”	“Kostylin keeps falling behind and groaning”
Loyalty, devotion	“...it’s not good to abandon a comrade”	Kostylin left Zhilin in trouble and rode off on a horse

Homework
Finish compiling the table.
Prepare an oral essay on the topic “Zhilin and Kostylin.”