Top prestigious universities in the world. Russian universities in international rankings

The British magazine Times Higher Education has published the TOP 100 higher education institutions based on an assessment of their reputation.

Photo ((sliderIndex+1)) of 10

Expand

((sliderIndex+1)) / 10

Description

Harvard University (Harvard University) The oldest of the US universities, founded on September 8, 1636 as a college. Since 1639 it has been named after J. Harvard, who bequeathed the capital to the college. Transformed into a university in the first quarter of the 19th century. It is a member of the Ivy League, an association of private elite American universities. Branches of the university are the Peabody Museum of Archeology and Ethnology and the Harvard Museum of Natural History. Located in Cambridge (a suburb of Boston, Massachusetts, the city is named after the University of Cambridge in the UK). Among the graduates of the university - 69 Nobel Prize winners

Princeton University Private university located in Princeton, New Jersey (USA). Founded in 1746 as the College of New Jersey. In 1896 he received the status of a university. In 1902, Woodrow Wilson (President of the United States in 1913-1921) became its rector. It is a member of the Ivy League, an association of private elite American universities. Consists of Princeton College, graduate schools and research centers. The structure of the university includes the leading regional McCarter Theatre, an art museum and a museum of natural history. Among the graduates of the university - 15 Nobel Prize winners

Yale University One of the most famous private universities in the US, the third oldest among American universities. Founded in 1701 under the name Collegiate School, in 1718 renamed Yale College in honor of Elihu Yale, who donated a large amount of money to the school. In 1887 it was transformed into a university. The university consists of 12 schools, managed by Yale Corporation. Five US presidents graduated from the university - William Howard Taft, Gerald Ford, George Bush Sr., Bill Clinton, George W. Bush. Located in New Haven, Connecticut. Included in the Ivy League. Among the graduates of the university - 20 Nobel Prize winners

California Institute of Technology (often shortened to Caltech, "Caltech" or "Caltech"). Private university. Founded in 1891 by businessman and politician Amos Troop as Throop University. Renamed several times. It got its current name in 1920. It is located in Pasadena (California). One of the leading universities in the United States and, along with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, one of the most important educational institutions specializing in the exact sciences. The structure of the institute is the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, which launches most of NASA's automatic spacecraft. Among the graduates of the university - 19 Nobel Prize winners

Columbia University (Columbia University) Formed on the basis of King's College (King's College), founded in 1754 in New York. Since 1758, he began to award academic degrees. In 1784, it was included in the University of New York and renamed Columbia College, since 1787 - a private university. In 1912 the college was given the status of a university. Governed by a board of trustees. There are more than 30 libraries at the university, including the main one - South Hall, technical, legal, medical, etc., as well as the Bakhmetevsky Archive, one of the largest repositories of materials of Russian emigration. Located in New York City, Manhattan. Included in the elite "Ivy League". A well-known graduate of the university is US President Barack Obama. Among the graduates of the university - 39 Nobel Prize winners

/TASS/. Of the 100 most prestigious universities in the Times Higher Education magazine ranking, prepared on the basis of a survey of 10,500 professors from 142 countries, 43 operate in the United States. The rating includes two Russian universities - Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU) and St. Petersburg State University (SPbGU).

Ranking editor Phil Baty said that this ranking is subjective, unlike the "Best Universities in the World" ranking, which THE traditionally publishes in October. This is due to the fact that it is based only on academic opinion, and not on objective indicators of the university's performance. At the same time, Beity emphasized that the reputation of universities is extremely important, because, according to a study conducted by the journal, this is the main factor for professors when they decide to find another university to teach.

TOP-100 most prestigious universities

1. Harvard University, USA

2. University of Cambridge, UK

3. Oxford University (University of Oxford), UK

4. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), USA

5. Stanford University, USA

6. University of California at Berkeley (University of California, Berkeley) USA

7. Princeton University (USA)

8. Yale University, USA

9. California Institute of Technology (Caltech), USA

10. Columbia University (Columbia University), USA

11. University of Chicago, USA

12. The University of Tokyo, Japan

13. University of California, Los Angeles, UCLA, USA

14. Imperial College London, UK

15. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETH Zürich), Switzerland

16. University of Toronto, Canada

17. University College London (UCL), UK

18. Johns Hopkins University, USA

19. University of Michigan, USA

20. Cornell University, USA

21. New York University (NYU), USA

22. London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), UK

23. University of Pennsylvania, USA

24. National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore

25. Lomonosov Moscow State University Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia

26. Tsinghua University, China

27. Kyoto University, Japan

28. Carnegie Mellon University, USA

29. University of Edinburgh, UK

30. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

31. King's College London, UK

32. Peking University, China

33. University of Washington, USA

34. Duke University, USA

35-36. Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Germany

McGill University, Canada

37. University of British Columbia, Canada

38-40. Heidelberg University, Germany

University of California, San Francisco, USA

University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA

41-43. Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany

University of California, San Diego, USA

University of Melbourne, Australia

44. University of California, Davis, USA

45. Karolinska Institute, Sweden

46. ​​University of Texas at Austin, USA

47. Northwestern University, USA

48. Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne), Switzerland

49. Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech), USA

50. University of Manchester, UK

51-60. Australian National University, Australia

Delft University of Technology, Netherlands

Free University of Berlin, Germany

Catholic University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium

University Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne (Panthéon-Sorbonne University - Paris 1), France

University of Paris 4 Sorbonne (Paris-Sorbonne University - Paris 4), France

Seoul National University, Republic of Korea

The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong

University of Amsterdam, Netherlands

University of São Paulo, Brazil

University of Sydney, Australia

61-70. Higher Normal School (École Normale Supérieure), France

Leiden University, Netherlands

National Taiwan University, Taiwan

Pennsylvania State University, USA

Technical University of Munich, Germany

University of California, Santa Barbara, USA

University of North Carolina, USA

University of Southern California, USA

Wageningen University and Research Center, Netherlands

71-80. Boston University, USA

Brown University, USA

Michigan State University, USA

National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico

Purdue University, USA

Rutgers University (Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey), USA

Saint Petersburg State University, Russia

University of Minnesota, USA

University of Pittsburgh, USA

Utrecht University, Netherlands

81-90. Durham University, UK

Ohio State University, USA

Texas A&M University, USA

University of Copenhagen, Denmark

University of Helsinki, Finland\

University of Queensland, Australia

University of Warwick, UK

Uppsala University, Sweden

Washington University in St. Louis, USA

91-100. Polytechnic School (École Polytechnique), France

London Business School, UK

Mayo Medical School, USA

Monash University Australia

Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

Pasteur Institute, France

RWTH Aachen University, Germany

University of Bristol, UK

University of Maryland at College Park (University of Maryland, College Park) USA

University of Massachusetts, USA

Lovers of the academic lifestyle certainly have one thing in common: they all would like to have the opportunity to study at one of the famous universities. However, only elites have access to them, for which well-known publications constantly rank educational institutions to identify the best of the best. You may also be interested in our list of the 10 most prestigious universities in the world.

✰ ✰ ✰

10

Columbia University

The famous Columbia University, which is located in New York, is one of the eight American universities that are members of the Ivy League. This is a very old and prestigious educational institution, founded in 1754 by the English King George II with the name King's College. The university is one of the 14 founding members of the Association of American Universities and is the first university in the US to offer an MD degree. 20 contemporary billionaires, 29 foreign heads of state, and 100 Nobel Prize winners have been students at Columbia University.

✰ ✰ ✰

9

The California Institute of Technology is a private institution located in Pasadena, California, USA. With a strong emphasis on scholarship, the university has attracted renowned academics such as George Ellery Hale, Arthur Amos Noyes and Robert Andrews Milliken to teach. Caltech University, one of the few in the United States, is mainly focused on teaching engineering and the exact sciences. Although this is a small institution, 33 of its graduates and teachers deservedly received 34 Nobel Prizes, 5 Fields Prizes and 6 Turing Prizes.

✰ ✰ ✰

8

Yale University is a member of the American Ivy League. Located in Connecticut, USA. The famous Yale was founded in 1701 and is the third oldest institution of higher education in the United States. Its original purpose was to teach theology and ancient languages, but since 1777, the school's curriculum began to include the humanities and natural sciences. Five US Presidents and other famous politicians such as Hillary Clinton and John Kerry. studied at Yale University. 52 of its graduates are Nobel laureates.

✰ ✰ ✰

7

Princeton University

Princeton University is also in the Ivy League. Located in Princeton, New Jersey, USA. Princeton was founded in 1746, moved to Newark in 1747, and then moved to its current location in 1896, where it takes its present name, Princeton University. It is the alma mater of two US presidents, as well as numerous billionaires and foreign heads of state. Princeton is rightly considered one of the best universities in the world.

✰ ✰ ✰

6

UC Berkeley

It is one of the few public schools in the US with such a prestigious reputation. It was named one of the top six university brands for 2015. The World Academic Ranking of World Universities ranked UC Berkeley 4th in the world among all universities and first among public universities. Berkeley faculty, alumni, and researchers have received 72 Nobel Prizes, 13 Fields Prizes, 22 Turing Prizes, 45 MacArthur Fellowships, 20 Oscars, 14 Pulitzer Prizes, and 105 Olympic gold medals.

A nice bonus only for our readers - a discount coupon when paying for tours on the site until April 30:

• AF500guruturizma - promo code for 500 rubles for tours from 40,000 rubles
• AF2000TGuruturizma - promo code for 2,000 rubles. for tours to Tunisia from 100,000 rubles.

Until April 22, gives up to 2,000 ₽ when buying a tour to any country (except Russia). Departure date - April 27 to May 10. The minimum amount of the tour is 40 000₽

• LT-OVERSEAS-1 – 500 ₽ for 1 adult
• LT-OVERSEAS-2 – 1000 ₽ for 2 adults
• LT-OVERSEAS-3 – 1500 ₽ for 3 adults
• LT-OVERSEAS-4 – 2000 ₽ for 4 adults

Established (1636) by missionary D. Harvard in Massachusetts. Since 2003, it has firmly held the leading position in ARWU.

Harvard has 12 faculties and colleges. Particularly authoritative areas: medicine, law and economics.

In addition, the university has a number of private museums. Harvard has the largest scientific library in the world. It contains a predominant number of unique books and manuscripts.

More than 30 of the Nobel Prize winners are Harvard graduates.

Erected (1891) by California Governor L. Stanford in California. It got its name in honor of the son of a politician who died in adolescence.

Part of the land is in long-term lease from firms associated with high technology. This structure is called - "Silicon Valley".

The university is famous for its high level of business education, MBA. Many famous companies have been created by Stanford graduates.

MIT was built in the USA in 1861. This educational institution was a response to the development of science and technology in the 19th century. This was due to the fact that classical education at that time no longer corresponded to progress.

MIT houses: a research center, a computer science and artificial intelligence laboratory, a Lincoln laboratory, and a school of management.

MIT is the cradle of many areas of science and technology, such as artificial intelligence, robotics, and computer technology. In addition to technical sciences, they teach here: management, linguistics, economics, politics and philosophy.

In this educational institution, the greatest preference is given to practice rather than theory. During the Second World War, students and teachers of the institute actively participated in military research programs.

Among the Nobel laureates, about 72 people are its graduates.

Established in 1868. The physicists of this university took part in the development of hydrogen and atomic bombs. In addition, a laser was created here, photosynthesis was studied, and a cyclotron was invented. Also within its walls, the BSD operating system was born, which has become historically significant.

Since 2007, the YouTube Internet portal has been hosting video materials with lectures and events taking place at the university. This was done at the initiative of Berkeley in accordance with its ideology as a public institution.

According to legend, part of the scientists said goodbye to Oxford because of contradictions with the local population. It was they who built Cambridge (1209) in Great Britain.

At the moment, the university owns 31 multidirectional colleges and more than 100 departments. Three of the colleges accept exclusively women.

Since 1904, 87 graduates have won the Nobel Prize.

Organized (1746) by priest D. Dickinson. Moved to Princeton in 1756. It acquired its current status in 1896.

It is noteworthy that classes here are held according to individual plans, and are closely related to research work. The university's honor code obliges students not to cheat and report any violations of the order. Failure to comply with the code entails expulsion from the university.

Popular due to sports traditions: more than 38 teams.

It was founded (1891) in the USA by businessman and politician E. Troop. It changed its name several times, and acquired the final version in 1920.

It has very interesting traditions, in particular: on Halloween, students traditionally throw a pumpkin frozen with liquid nitrogen and dressed up in a garland from the library; the first-year students are given a "truancy day", while the senior students make various traps, and the task of the younger ones is to get into the institute.

However, studying here is quite difficult, there is even an aphorism: "Social life, classes, sleep: choose 2 out of 3."

Established (1754) with the permission of King George II of England. Became private in 1787. Gained fame thanks to the training of the political elite.

Here is the "Bakhmetevsky archive", which stores materials about the Russian emigration. Popular with the school of journalism opened in 1912.

54 graduates have won the Nobel Prize. In addition, many US presidents and ministers have graduated from this university.

Private university founded by D. Rockefeller in 1980. According to some reports, the university began its activities in 1857. Nevertheless, the tycoon's direct financial support enabled the university to start functioning in full force.

The library of the university began its activity in 1892 and today has more than 3.5 million books and unique manuscripts. Particularly strong areas: jurisprudence, economics, physics and sociology.

Nobel laureates - 79 people.

The old university, located in Great Britain, was built in 1117. There is some evidence that they began to study here as early as 1096. Oxford began to allow women into its ranks only in the 1920s, and in the 1970s. Separate education was also abolished.

Cambridge university

Opens the list of the best universities in the world Cambridge. The University of Cambridge was founded in 1209 and is the fourth oldest university in the world. The University of Cambridge is located in the UK, the city of Cambridge. The average tuition fee at this university is $20,000. About 17 thousand students study at the university, 5 thousand of which receive a second education. More than 15% of students at the University of Cambridge are foreigners.

The second place in the ranking of the best universities in the world is Harvard. Harvard University was founded in 1636 and is considered the most famous university in the United States. More than 6.7 thousand students, 15 thousand graduate students study there, and 2.1 thousand teachers work there. Graduates of this university were eight US presidents (John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Rutherford Hayes, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy, George W. Bush, Barack Obama), as well as 49 Nobel Prize winners and 36 Pulitzer Prize winners. Tuition at Harvard University is $40,000.

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is considered one of the most prestigious educational institutions in the world. An MIT record is that 77 members of the MIT community are Nobel Prize winners. The average cost of education, including accommodation, is 55 thousand dollars. More than 4,000 students and 6,000 graduate students, as well as about a thousand teachers, study at MIT.

The fourth place among the best universities in the world is occupied by Yale University. It is one of the most prestigious private universities in the world. Tuition costs an average of 37 thousand dollars. Yale University is located in the United States, Connecticut. Students from 110 countries study at the university, and more than 11 thousand people receive education every year. Five former US presidents have studied at this university, as well as many politicians, businessmen and scientists.

Most of you have probably heard of Oxford University. Oxford is one of the most famous and oldest universities in the world. More than 20 thousand students study in it, 25% of which are foreigners. There are also over 4,000 teachers in Oxford. Studying at this university will cost you an average of 10 to 25 thousand dollars, depending on the chosen specialty. Oxford also has over 100 libraries and more than 300 different student interest groups.

Imperial College London was founded in 1907 by Prince Albert. The college is located in the heart of London. About 8 thousand employees work in it, 1400 of them are teachers. There are 14.5 thousand students studying at the Imperial College, and the average cost of education, depending on the specialty, is 25-45 thousand dollars, the medical specialty is considered the most expensive there. This college has graduated from 14 Nobel laureates.

University College London was founded in 1826. At the moment, the college ranks third in terms of the number of foreign students studying there, and the first in terms of the number of female professors. In total, more than 22 thousand students study at the college, of which almost half receive a second higher education, and 8 thousand foreign students. The average cost of education is from 18 to 25 thousand dollars. This college has graduated from 26 Nobel laureates.

The University of Chicago was founded in 1890 with donations from John D. Rockefeller. More than 2 thousand teachers work at the university, 10 thousand graduate students and 4.6 thousand students study. The university also has a library, the construction of which was spent 81 million dollars. The average cost of education is 40-45 thousand dollars. This university includes 79 Nobel laureates.

The University of Pennsylvania was founded in 1740 as a charitable school, became a college in 1755, and already in 1779 was the first college to be given the status of a university. In 1973, over 52 thousand students studied at the university. At the moment, more than 19 thousand students study at the university, and more than 3.5 thousand professors teach. The average cost of studying at the University of Pennsylvania is $40,000.

The Columbia University closes our top ranking of the best universities in the world. it is located in the city of New York, where it covers an area of ​​13 hectares. Columbia University was founded in 1754. Many famous people graduated from this university, including: 4 US presidents, nine judges of the Supreme Court, 97 Nobel laureates and 26 heads of other states, the list of which includes the current president of Georgia, Mikheil Saakashvili. More than 20 thousand students study at the university, half of which are girls. The average cost of education is 40-44 thousand dollars.

World's Best Universities Video

Ratings of educational institutions are carried out by special statistical agencies. Moreover, the data can vary greatly, depending on many factors that they took into account. As a result, it turns out that in the statistical top 100 of the best universities in the world, for example, one university is in fifth place, and according to another rating, the same educational institution occupies the 20th line.

Therefore, for a more objective picture, we will consider the lists of three world agencies at once: QS, THE (Times Higher Education) and U.S. News. They are distinguished by their impartiality, as well as their authority. That is, we are looking for a kind of arithmetic mean, if such a concept can be applied to the ranking of the best universities in the world.

It’s worth clarifying right away that domestic institutions, alas, were not included in this list. All universities, which will be discussed, are located in North America and the UK. Yes, we have decent universities, but according to the aforementioned agencies, they are not good enough. One of the most serious Russian educational institutions - Lomonosov Moscow State University - takes only 95th place in the list of the best universities in the world (2017) (QS statistics). So our universities are not only up to the top ten, but up to the first fifty, they are still very far away and will take a long time to grow.

So, let's try to figure out which is the best university in the world, why it is so famous, what is studied in it and where to find it. The data may change from year to year, but the top three and even the top five, as a rule, are unchanged and hold the bar for a very, very long time. Let's designate the first ten educational institutions.

TOP of the best universities in the world:

1. Harvard University.
2. Cambridge.
3. Oxford.
4. Stanford.
5. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
6. University College London.
7. California Institute of Technology.
8. Yale university.
9. Imperial College London.

And now we will analyze the most remarkable educational institutions in more detail.

Harvard University

Harvard remains the undisputed leader of the ranking, that is, the best university in the world. It was founded back in 1636 and is located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The average number of students, according to the university, fluctuates within 21 thousand people.

Among the other top universities in the world, Harvard has the largest endowment fund, as well as a significant number of scholarships with far-reaching paychecks. Separately, it is worth mentioning the library at the university - it's just a storehouse for anyone who suffers from knowledge and answers to their questions.

Faculties

Today's student-to-teacher ratio is seven to one. Moreover, a good half of the lectures are given for groups of no more than 20 people, which greatly increases the chances of understanding and consolidating the material received by applicants.

The best university in the world has the following faculties:

• business school;
• humanitarian sciences;
• design;
• pedagogy;
• management and management;
• right;
• healthcare;
• dentistry;
• religion;
• applied Science;
• cutting edge research.

And this is not a complete list. There are also academic specialties and departments for training specialists of various profiles. So at Harvard you can study any science, if there is a desire (and opportunities).

Graduates

Among the famous graduates of the best university in the world are the presidents of the United States (Roosevelt, Kennedy, Bush, Obama), world leaders of other countries, members of royal families (Prince Frederick of Denmark, Sheikh Sabah of Kuwait, Princess Owada of Japan, as well as businessmen Zuckerberg and Bill Gates .

University of Cambridge

Silver goes to one of the oldest educational institutions in Europe - the University of Cambridge. It was founded in 1209 and is located in East Anglia (about 90 km north of London). Nearby (50 km) is the major airport Stansted.

Almost 30 thousand students from all over the world study at the university. The educational institution is distinguished by its conservatism (however, like the whole of Foggy Albion), so any applicant who gets into the walls of Cambridge becomes part of the centuries-old English traditions. This applies to clothing, matriculation ceremonies, graduation ceremonies, etc.

University faculties

When entering a university, applicants always face a serious dilemma - which college to choose. The fact is that the existing Cambridge system is strikingly different from the usual American and European counterparts.

That is, here choosing a college, which is also a faculty, you determine for yourself a lifestyle and social circle. Whichever direction you take, it has its own buildings, gyms, playgrounds, and generally separate structures that have nothing to do with other specializations.

Colleges:

• humanitarian sciences;
• biology;
• clinical medicine;
• physics;
• advanced research;
• Social sciencies.

All of them are divided into 150 faculties and departments. It is worth noting that to study at the university you need to have not only an impeccable portfolio, but a tidy sum in a bank account.

Famous Alumni

Cambridge is famous for its alumni, including such major figures as Newton, Bacon, Rutherford and Oppenheimer. Also noteworthy are major literary figures: A. A. Milne, J. B. Prisley, Cl. Art. Lewis, L. Stern and our compatriot Vladimir Nabokov.

Cambridge has given our planet the largest number of Nobel Prize winners in many fields.

Oxford University (University of Oxford)

Bronze went to another oldest university in Europe - Oxford. The educational institution was founded in 1096 and is located in Central England (100 km northwest of London). Oxford can host up to 25,000 students from all over the world.

The university is also notable for the fact that the cult film about Harry Potter was filmed on the territory of Christ Church College, and the no less legendary Alice in Wonderland was written within its walls.

List of faculties

The main direction of the university is the humanities. But since the twentieth century, the exact sciences, law, music, medicine and art have been taught at Oxford with due success. The academic year here begins in October and consists of three semesters: autumn, winter and spring. Summer, respectively, is vacation time.

There are plenty of teachers at Oxford: one lecturer can read to audiences of five or six people, which allows full use of the tutoring system. That is, the student receives from his teacher not only basic, but also specialized knowledge in an expanded volume.

Colleges:

• humanitarian sciences;
• design;
• pedagogy;
• right;
• healthcare;
• applied Science;
• cutting edge research.

Faculties, as in the case of Cambridge, are divided into colleges and function in a similar way to it.

Famous graduates

Among the famous graduates of the university, the following world figures can be distinguished: Margaret Thatcher, Tony Blair, Lewis Carroll and John Tolkien. We must not forget our compatriots - Anna Akhmatova, Joseph Brodsky, Ivan Turgenev and Korney Chukovsky.

Stanford University

Stanford is primarily famous for its research activities. From the first years of its existence (1891), the educational institution devoted itself to the search for truth and solving the most difficult problems, in parallel, of course, teaching applicants and attracting the best of them to its ranks. The complex is located in Silicon Valley, in California, North America.

In addition, Stanford has repeatedly found itself at the top of the rankings as the best medical university in the world, thanks to innovative discoveries in this field and a large number of exceptionally competent and experienced teachers.

Faculties of Stanford

Stanford was conceived not only as a purely educational institution, but also as a practical one. That is, when other universities focused on the cultural level, Stanford systematized the data of world employment exchanges month by month and provided citizens who were exclusively “useful” to society.

University specializations:

• business and management;
• the medicine;
• earth science;
• humanitarian sciences;
• engineering;
• right;
• pedagogy;
• society.

The specific direction of each faculty was necessarily calculated from the current needs of the labor market, so Stanford graduates were 100% likely to be provided with a job. In fact, they were already employed only by choosing a specialization and passing the entrance exams.

About graduates

We owe Stanford the invention of the modem and the TCP/IP protocols. Together with other alumni, Vintov Serf and Brand Townsend made our Internet possible today. Presidents and statesmen studied at the university: US President Herbert Hoover, Senators Kent Conrad, Dianne Feinstein and Supreme Court Justice Sandra O'Connor.

Businessmen also distinguished themselves by their quality education: Nike director Philip Knight, developer and father of the Pay Pal payment system Peter Thiel, two founders of the venerable Google search engine Lawrence Page and Sergey Brin, as well as Yahoo founder David Filo.