Creative projects of students on ecology. The best projects of the competition "School for Ecology: think, explore, act"

Rudak Viktor Sergeevich

Research work on ecology "Influence of motor transport on environmental pollution"

Download:

Preview:

Municipal budgetary educational institution

"Povarenkinskaya basic comprehensive school"

Topic: "The impact of motor transport on pollution

environment"

Completed by: Rudak Victor

8th grade student

MBOUPOOSH,

Head: Rudak V.P.

biology teacher

MBOUPOOSH

with. Povarenkino 2011

1. The purpose of the study ............................................... ................................................3

2. Relevance of the study ............................................... ...............................4-5

4.Conclusion.............................................. ................................................. ...................fourteen

5. Literature ............................................... ................................................. ............fifteen

Object of study: the process of air pollution by exhaust gases in the village in 30 minutes

Subject of study: with. Povarenkino.

Research hypothesis:Air pollution negatively affects the health of villagers.

Tasks:

To study the impact of vehicle emissions on human health;

Calculate the number of vehicles in the village;

Determine the approximate amount of exhaust gases emitted by motor vehicles in the village in 30 minutes

Conduct outreach to vehicle owners

Research methods:

The study of literature on the topic

Observation and information gathering

Processing of received data

The relevance of research:

All types of modern transport cause great damage to the biosphere, but road transport is the most dangerous for it. There are approximately 600 million cars in the world today. On average, each of them emits 3.5 - 4 kg of carbon monoxide per day, a significant amount of nitrogen oxides, sulfur, and soot. When using leaded (leaded Pb) gasoline, this highly toxic element enters the exhaust. The "contribution" of road transport to air pollution today is at least 30%.

If the development of human society does not take a different path, then, according to environmentalists, an ecological explosion will occur in the middle of the 21st century:

The ability of ecosystems to self-heal will be disrupted

Water, air will be poisoned

This will lead to the degeneration of animals and man. The most formidable harbinger of the possibility of a global ecological catastrophe is a change in the composition of the atmosphere. So 1 car for 1 year emits into the atmosphere: 200 kg of carbon monoxide, 60 kg of nitrogen oxide, 70 kg of hydrocarbons. And how many cars are on the globe? Breathing chemical pollutants causes poisoning of the human body and affects its heredity, which can also lead to unpredictable consequences. This does not appear immediately, but gradually, due to the progressive accumulation of poisons in the body. Currently, the problem of environmental pollution is very relevant.

In our school, the number of children with chronic respiratory diseases and reduced immunity is growing every year. Air pollution affects the health of adults and children. Since there are no industrial enterprises in our village, and the number of cars is increasing every day, the territory of the village is only exposed to pollution by combustion products from exhaust gases.

With this study, I decided to check whether the exhaust gases emitted by vehicles in our village exceed the MPC.

Research methodology:

The work was carried out in September 2011. I studied the literature on this issue, conducted research. Observations were made during the daytime. Counted the number of cars and trucks with different types of engines. Calculate the approximate emission of pollutants into the atmosphere if all vehicles travel 1 km. I also calculated the number of cars passing on the road in 30 minutes, and calculated the amount of exhaust gases if, on average, all cars drive at a speed of 40 km / h.

In the course of my work, I studied the article "Lead poison" from which I learned that in the atmospheric air the edges of this "poison" are getting bigger and bigger every day. According to the Krasnoyarsk traffic police, there are more than 800 thousand cars in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, including those from. Povarenkino 50 cars. Its number is increasing by three, four percent every day. Accordingly, the supply of the necessary fuel increases, a significant proportion of which is leaded grades. The law on the protection of the atmosphere establishes the procedure for certification of fuel, technical, technological installations, engines, transport and other mobile vehicles and installations, confirming their compliance with the requirements for the protection of atmospheric air; determination of the amount of reduction of emissions of harmful (polluting) substances into the atmospheric air.

“Production and use of fuel on the territory of the Russian Federation is allowed only if there are certificates confirming the compliance of the fuel with the requirements for the protection of atmospheric air. Executive authorities of the Russian Federation and state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation may impose restrictions on the use of petroleum products and other types of fuel, the combustion of which leads to air pollution in the relevant territory, as well as stimulate the production and use of environmentally friendly types of fuel and other energy carriers.

The increase in pollution is additionally due to the aging of the vehicle fleet and the operation of vehicles and other vehicles, in emissions of which the content of harmful (polluting) substances exceeds the established technical emission standards. Lead aerosols are the most harmful emissions. Their formation, first of all, depends on the level of addition of ethyl liquid to gasoline, which not only increases the amount of motor fuel, but also significantly affects the state of the air. Vehicles and other mobile vehicles whose emissions have a harmful effect on the atmospheric air are subject to regular checks for compliance of such emissions with technical standards in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation. When operating vehicles, legal entities must ensure that such vehicles and installations do not exceed the established technical emission standards. It is possible to control the ecological situation only by having a sufficient number of posts, although these posts have poor technical equipment.”

Increasing the scale of burning oil products is the cause of air pollution. In particular, this became tangible with the development of road transport. Gasoline used to power internal combustion engines does not disappear anywhere. Giving up the energy of chemical bonds contained in it, it decomposes into simpler substances - carbon oxides, soot, hydrocarbons, etc. The largest amount of air pollutants is emitted with car exhaust gases. An analysis of the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines showed that they contain about two hundred different substances, most of which are toxic. The main components of exhaust gases are shown in Table 1.

table 1

Car type	engine's type	Carbon monoxide	hydrocarbons	Nitrogen oxide	Soot
Passenger	carburettor				0,05
Cargo	carburettor				0,15
Cargo	diesel

In itself, the release of toxic substances into the environment with exhaust gases is highly undesirable, since they pose a real danger to human health. So, carbon monoxide inactivates hemoglobin, causing oxygen deficiency in tissues, causing a breakdown of the nervous and cardiovascular systems, and also contributes to the development of atherosclerosis. Nitrogen oxides sharply irritate the lungs and respiratory tract, contributing to the occurrence of inflammatory processes in them. Under the influence of nitrogen oxides, methemoglobin is formed, blood pressure decreases, dizziness, drowsiness, respiratory and circulatory disorders occur. Based on literary sources, I studied the effect of pollutants on human health. (Table 2)

Harmful substances	Effects on the body
carbon monoxide SO	It interferes with the adsorption of oxygen by the blood, which weakens the thinking ability, slows down the reflexes, causes drowsiness and can cause loss of consciousness and death.
Lead	Affects the circulatory, nervous and genitourinary systems. It causes a decrease in mental abilities in children, is deposited in bones and other tissues, therefore it is dangerous for a long time.
nitrogen oxides NO, NO2, N2O4	They can increase the body's susceptibility to viral diseases, irritate the lungs, cause bronchitis and pneumonia.
hydrocarbons	Lead to the growth of pulmonary and bronchial diseases.
Aldehydes	Irritate mucous membranes, respiratory tract, affect the central nervous system.
Sulfur compounds	They have an irritating effect on the mucous membranes of the throat, nose and eyes of a person.
dust particles	Irritates the respiratory tract.

table 2

tab. 3

Car type	engine's type	Quantity
Passenger	carburettor
Cargo	carburettor
Cargo	diesel

As can be seen from the data in Table 3, in our village we have 50 cars and 5 trucks running on gasoline, and 4 cars running on diesel fuel.

Then, using Table 1 "Emissions of pollutants, g / km", calculated the approximate amount of emissions per day, if the entire vehicle travels 1 km. The study data are shown in Table 4

tab. 4

Type cars	engine's type	Way	Carbon monoxide g/km	Carbs g/km	Nitrogen oxide g/km	Soot g/km
Passenger	Internal combustion	1km	1000
Cargo	Internal combustion	1km				0,75
Cargo	Diesel	1km

Table 4 shows that most cars emit carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide. Diesel cars emit more soot.

table 5

Plots	Number of transport
	passenger car	cargo	diesel
st. Sibirskaya d 1 -3 1
st. Sibirskaya d 3 1 - 47
st. Siberian d 47 - 60
st. Siberian d 60 - 92
st. Youth
st. taiga
Total number

Got the following data:

The resulting diagram shows that most of the cars in our village emit carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons into the atmosphere, which have a negative effect on the body. For our small village, these are big numbers. The environment and air are polluted. Air is one of the most important elements of the environment. The air environment is necessary for human respiration. The human body constantly needs air. This is due to the physiological significance of breathing. When you inhale, air enters the respiratory organs, which contains the oxygen necessary for the body. A person breathes the air of the room, the air of the settlement where he lives. Airborne dispersion of vehicle emissions changes the chemical composition of the atmosphere.

But our village is saved by the fact that the forest is growing around. Most exhaust gases are absorbed by vegetation, so emissions do not exceed MPC.

Tree foliage actively captures dust and reduces the concentration of harmful gases. HSome plants, such as mosses and larch, absorb it in relatively large quantities, and birch, willow, aspen - much less. By absorbing harmful gases, plants thereby purify the air. During the growing season, one tree can accumulate as much lead as is contained in 130 liters of gasoline. A simple calculation shows that at least 10 trees are needed to neutralize the harmful effects of one car.

Trees and shrubs growing in our area do a great job every day and every hour: they absorb dust and carbon dioxide, produce oxygen, perform sanitary, water protection and noise protection functions, form the microclimate and the peculiar appearance of the village. The leaf apparatus of trees reduces industrial radiation, purifies the air from harmful gases. Under trees, air pollution is 30-40% less than in open uninhabited areas. Tree crowns retain up to 20% of airborne particles. For a year, 1 hectare of forest is able to absorb about 1 ton of harmful gases, purify 18 million m3 of air, 1 hectare of pine plantation can bind up to 26 kg of sulfur dioxide, deciduous - 72 kg, spruce - up to 150 kg. Leafy plants absorb poisonous exhaust gases with their surface. Moreover, pubescent plants absorb them 10 times faster than non-pubescent ones. The herbaceous vegetation growing in the roadside area also contributes to a faster settling of exhaust gases.
Thus, green spaces serve not only as decoration, but also as protectors of people's health.

But you can not say that it will always be. Every year the ecological situation in the country worsens, climate change also affects our village, and this is the fault of cars that pollute the atmosphere with emissions. Comparing the data of 2007 and 2011, I found out that the number of cars in the village increased by 14 cars, which is 38%. For our small village, this is a significant indicator.

This problem is obviously global. Around the world, the number of cars is increasing exponentially every day. More and more people have their own car . But many do not think at all about where all this will eventually lead.
In order to save the car for mankind, it is necessary, if not to exclude, then to minimize harmful emissions. Works in this direction are carried out all over the world and give certain results. Cars currently produced in industrialized countries emit 10-15 times less harmful substances than 10-15 years ago. In all developed countries, there is a tightening of standards for harmful emissions during engine operation. There are now more stringent regulations in place. There is not only a quantitative tightening of the norms, but also their qualitative change. So, instead of restrictions on opacity, rationing of solid particles has been introduced, on the surface of which aromatic hydrocarbons dangerous to human health and, in particular, carcinogenic benzopyrene are adsorbed. The list of substances whose content must be under control is constantly expanding.

Indeed, we rarely think about the fact that we are practically breathing "exhaust gases". After all, when a person is healthy, he feels good, walks, drives a car... He probably thinks that when he walks, he breathes fresh and clean air... And when a person drives a car, he does not think that he pollutes the environment. environment and air, and then he inhales it himself.

Having considered the impact of motor transport on the environmental pollution of our village, I turned to car owners, proposing measures to reduce emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere, issuing leaflets with the following content:

Dear residents of the village, owners of vehicles.

Each of you should think about the serious consequences of an atmosphere saturated with harmful chemicals. Life, once given to us by nature, should not be disturbed by artificial factors that adversely affect human health.

To reduce air pollution:

fill your car with high-quality fuel;
monitor the technical condition of the vehicle;
switch, if possible, to the use of gas-balloon engines
use exhaust gas neutralizers;
choose a rational mode of operation of the engine;
use car trips only for long distances;
for short distances, use a bicycle or walk.

Movement is life, and clean air is the health of each of us.
Think about it!

Findings:

Vehicle emissions have a negative impact on the environment and human health.
In with. Povarenkino has 59 vehicles.
Due to vegetation, pollutant emissions in the village do not exceed MPC.

4. In order to reduce air pollution in the village, residents should follow the measures proposed in the leaflet.

Literature:

V. V. Ambartsumyan, V. B. Nosov, V. I. Tagasov. Environmental safety of road transport. - M .: LLC Publishing house "Nauchtehlitizdat", 1999
Journal of biology at school.
3. Valova V.D. Fundamentals of Ecology: Textbook. - 2nd ed., revised. and additional M .: Publishing House "Dashkov and K0", 2001.
4. Kurov B.M. How to reduce environmental pollution by motor vehicles? // Russia in the surrounding world. - Analytical yearbook. 2000

Preview:

To use the preview of presentations, create a Google account (account) and sign in: https://accounts.google.com

Slides captions:

MBOU "Povarenkinskaya OOSh" Topic: "The impact of vehicles on environmental pollution" Completed by: Rudak Viktor student of grade 8 MBOUPOOSh, Head: Rudak V.P. biology teacher MBOUPOOSH

Currently, the problem of environmental pollution is very relevant. In our school, the number of children with chronic respiratory diseases and reduced immunity is growing every year. Air pollution affects the health of adults and children. Since there are no industrial enterprises in our village, and the number of cars increases every day, the territory of the village is exposed to pollution by combustion products from exhaust gases. With this study, I decided to check whether the exhaust gases emitted by vehicles in our village exceed the MPC.

Purpose: to calculate the amount of pollutant emissions from vehicles in our village in 30 minutes. Object of study: the process of air pollution by exhaust gases in the village in 30 minutes. Subject of study: vehicles from. Povarenkino.

Hypothesis of the study: Exceeding the MPC of exhaust gases adversely affects the health of villagers. Objectives: To study the impact of vehicle emissions on human health; Calculate the number of vehicles in the village; Determine the approximate amount of exhaust gases emitted by motor vehicles in the village in 30 minutes Conduct explanatory work with vehicle owners

Research methods: Study of the literature on the topic Observation and collection of information Processing of the received data Observations were conducted in the daytime. Counted the number of cars and trucks with different types of engines. Calculate the approximate emission of pollutants into the atmosphere if the entire vehicle travels a distance of 1 km. I also calculated the number of cars passing on the road in 30 minutes, and calculated the amount of exhaust gases if, on average, all cars drive at a speed of 40 km / h.

Vehicle type Engine type Carbon monoxide Hydrocarbons Nitrogen oxide Soot light carburettor 20 2 3 0.05 truck carburetor 70 8 7 0.15 truck diesel 40 3 6 1 Main components of exhaust gases

Harmful substances Effects on the body Carbon monoxide CO Interferes with the absorption of oxygen into the blood, which impairs thinking ability, slows reflexes, causes drowsiness and can cause loss of consciousness and death. Lead Affects the circulatory, nervous and genitourinary systems. It causes a decrease in mental abilities in children, is deposited in bones and other tissues, therefore it is dangerous for a long time. Nitrogen oxides NO, NO2, N2O4 May increase the body's susceptibility to viral diseases, irritate the lungs, cause bronchitis and pneumonia. Hydrocarbons Lead to the growth of pulmonary and bronchial diseases. Aldehydes Irritate mucous membranes, respiratory tract, affect the central nervous system. Sulfur compounds Have an irritating effect on the mucous membranes of the throat, nose and eyes of a person. Dust particles Irritating to the respiratory tract.

Vehicle type Engine type Quantity light carburetor 50 truck carburetor 5 truck diesel 4 “Emissions, g/km”, Vehicle type Engine type Path Carbon monoxide Hydrocarbons Soot light carburetor 1 km 1000 100 150 2.5 truck carburetor 1 km 350 40 35 0 .75 truck diesel 1km 160 12 24 4 Nitrogen oxide

Leaflet. Dear residents of the village, owners of vehicles. Each of you should think about the serious consequences of an atmosphere saturated with harmful chemicals. Life, once given to us by nature, should not be disturbed by artificial factors that adversely affect human health. To reduce air pollution: fill your car with quality fuel; monitor the technical condition of the vehicle; switch, if possible, to the use of gas-cylinder engines; use exhaust gas converters; choose a rational mode of operation of the engine; use car trips only for long distances; for short distances, use a bicycle or walk. Movement is life, and clean air is the health of each of us. Think about it!

Conclusions: 1. Vehicle emissions have a negative impact on the environment and human health. 2. In with. Povarenkino has 59 vehicles. 3. Due to vegetation, pollutant emissions in the village do not exceed MPC. 4. In order to reduce the pollution of the atmosphere of the village, the residents must comply with the measures proposed in the leaflet.

References: 1. V. V. Ambartsumyan, V. B. Nosov, V. I. Tagasov. Environmental safety of road transport. - M .: LLC Publishing house "Nauchtekhlitizdat", 1999 Journal of biology at school. 3. Valova V.D. Fundamentals of Ecology: Textbook. - 2nd ed., revised. and additional M.: Publishing House "Dashkov and K0", 2001. 4. Kurov B.M. How to reduce environmental pollution by motor vehicles? // Russia in the surrounding world. - Analytical yearbook. 2000 5. Krasnoyarsk worker No. 21

Municipal state educational institution secondary general education school with in-depth study of individual subjects

village of Demyanovo, Podosinovsky district, Kirov region

direction: humanitarian

Research work on ecology

“Household waste of mankind.

How to save your village from garbage.

Work completed:

Evelina Karandasheva,

4th grade student

Supervisor:

Kapustina N.I., primary school teacher of the 1st category

Demyanovo 2017

Introduction

Relevance of the research topic…………………………………………………3-4

Garbage is a global problem………………..………….. ………5

2.1. Garbage classification………………………………………………………5-7

2.2. Pollution of Demyanovo village…….…………………………………...7-9

Research results.

3.1. Definitions of the approximate composition of garbage……………………….………..9-10

3.2. Sociological research: “Environmental problems of our village”………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3.3. Assessment of soil toxicity in the area………………………………………..13-14

Conclusions on the topic of work………………………………………………….15-16

Conclusion……………………………………………………………........ 17

List of sources of information used ………………….18

Application (displayed separately)

№1 Booklet
#2 Presentation
№3 Questionnaire for parents and students

Introduction

Relevance of the research topic.

On January 5, 2016, Russian President Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin signed a decree declaring 2017 the year of the environment in Russia. The purpose of this decision is to draw attention to the problematic issues that exist in the environmental sphere and improve the state of the country's environmental security.The head of the presidential administration, Sergei Ivanov, noted that ecology, first of all, determines the quality of life of people, their well-being and health. Therefore, it is necessary to act now:

“It’s time to clean up Russia. We have to change the approaches of society, authorities, business to such seemingly prosaic things as the disposal of household waste. Now tens, even hundreds of millions of tons of waste, at best, are taken to landfills or burned at factories. And at worst, to be honest, they just fall out anywhere. The neighborhoods of many settlements have turned into gigantic landfills, and you probably know about this as well as I do. A modern civilized society simply cannot live like this. Clean, as you know, not where they clean, but where they don’t litter.

In the old days, the waste or refuse of human activity was small. Clothing in the family passed from the elders to the younger, sometimes even served for several generations. It was repaired and patched up until it was completely dilapidated. The same applies to household items and furniture. Empty glass containers and pretty tin cans were adapted for household needs. Junk dealers went from house to house, they paid the owner money for old things or offered to exchange them for something.

As far back as 500 BC, the first known edict was issued in Athens, which forbade throwing garbage into the streets, provided for the organization of special dumps and ordered garbage collectors to dump waste no closer than a mile from the city.

Since then, the garbage has been deposited in various storage facilities in the countryside. As a result of the growth of cities, free areas in their vicinity decreased, and unpleasant odors, an increased number of rats caused by landfills, became unbearable. Free-standing landfills have been replaced with waste storage pits.

The growth of cities and the resettlement of nationalities in them led to a completely different consumer structure. Products began to be exchanged, and therefore packaged for great convenience, and packaging, especially from synthetic materials, greatly pollutes the environment. The huge amount of garbage generated as a result of human activity has led to the emergence of an entire industry dedicated to its processing.

Since 1987, the amount of garbage in the country has doubled and amounted to 120 billion tons per year, including industry.

There was even a new scientific direction - garbology, which means garbage collection. Garbologists around the world are looking for different ways out of the garbage impasse in which humanity has found itself.

Purpose of the study:

To study the impact of garbage on the environment and find out ways to deal with it.

Research objectives:

study the literature on the topic;

conduct a survey among classmates and their parents about what they think about the environmental situation in the village, district;

make your own observations

to study the influence of soil pollution on the growth and development of plants;

evaluate the growth and development of plants on different soil samples;

process the data and draw conclusions.

The object of the study is - household garbage, soil in the area.

Subject of study - ecology in the village of Demyanovo.

Practical significance : the materials of this research work can be used in the lessons of the surrounding world, geography and extracurricular studies in local history, class hours.

Research hypothesis:

It is possible that garbage remains in water and soil for a long time and thus causes great harm to the environment and human health.

Research methods:

I used the following research methods: questioning, analysis; synthesis; generalization; practical work.

Garbage is a global problem.

In the spring, as soon as the snow begins to melt, along the roads, in ditches, on the outskirts of settlements, in the stadium, near houses, near shops, you can see mountains of garbage. Huge mountains of garbage are a real threat to the health of residents.These dumps are still breeding grounds for mice,rats, insects and can become sources of infectious diseases. A special place among household waste is occupied by plastics, since they are not subject to biological destruction processes and can be in the environment for a long time. So, for example, for the decomposition of substances, leftus a plastic bag, will lie in the ground 200 years, paper 5 to 10 years, iron 100 years, plastic 500 years. On Earth there is nobacteria that can destroy them. And glass fragments, cans, bottles are capable,how mines "work" even after 1000 years: in sunny weather, a glass shardcan play the role of a lens and cause a fire. How many people are injured due tobroken glass, which can easily cut through even shoes.

Where there is no garbage! He is everywhere. Garbage accompanies our lives, we see it everywhere:

at the bus stop (cigarette butts, bottles, cans, candy wrappers, etc.)

in the forest (cans, plastic bottles, packaging, plastic bags)

in the store (a lot of receipts, wrappers)

on a walk (paper wrappers, etc.)

Garbage not only spoils the aesthetic appearance. It causes great harm to the environment. We do not think about the fact that this garbage will return to us in the form of polluted groundwater, toxic dust. It will become impossible to drink water from wells and springs, vegetables and berries will be poisoned. Most people don't see this as a problem. And therefore, despite the prohibitions, garbage is dumped in places that are not intended for this at all. These dumps (even if very small) pose a threat to people.

Until recently, specialists did not have a clear idea of the composition and reactions occurring in a mixture of household waste.
As a result of the research, it was found that the composition of landfills is a complex complex of various chemical compounds.

domestic special waste industrial

In every family, the waste bucket makes a daily journey to the dumpster.

AThousehold waste go:

paper, books, notebooks, magazines;

glass jars and bottles;

metal cans from canned food;

vegetable peelings, eggshells (organic residues);

plastic packaging;

milk or juice cartons;

plastic bags and packages;

worn out textiles (socks, tights that cannot be darned, etc.)

wood products;

metal, iron, rubber things (for example, old toys) and many other things.

special waste , infrom some of them:

batteries;

residues of paints, varnishes, adhesives;

cosmetic residues (eyeshadow, nail polish, nail polish remover);

unused or expired medicines;

residues of household chemicals (cleaning products, deodorants, stain removers, aerosols, furniture care products, etc.);

mercury thermometers;

autocosmetics.

Electrical engineering and electronics that have served their time are very dangerous (because they contain mercury, copper, lead, etc.). A battery becomes life-threatening already at the time of purchase.What exactly makes itso dangerous to health? For example, let's take one finger-type battery. Weighs less than 100 grams, comparable in volume to the little finger. However,according to the staff of the State Biological Museum. K.A. Timiryazev, it is capable of contaminating with heavy metals about 20 square meters. m.earth. Batteries contain metals such as mercury, nickel, cadmium, lead, zinc and manganese. All of them have the ability to accumulate in the human body and cause serious harm to health.
At the same time, each metal has its own “target” organs. Lead is damaging to the kidneys, cadmium is damaging to the liver, bones, and thyroid gland, andmercury does its "dirty deed" with the brain, kidneys and liver.

Batteries thrown into the trash represent a delayed danger. Take a look at any of them: you will see a sign in the form of a crossed-out dumpster. This is an unambiguous warning: in no case should a used battery be thrown into the trash can - it must be handed over to a special disposal point. A harmless-looking battery in an ordinary MSW dump is quickly damaged by high temperature and acidity. Toxins and carcinogens get into groundwater, poison the soil and accumulate in living organisms. Including in ours with you!So a person receives them both in the form of drinking water, and in the form of wheat ground for flour, and in the form of milk from a cow grazing in a poisoned meadow. It is hard to imagine the damage being done to the environment on a global scale. Batteries are especially dangerous for children who like to taste new things for them, and in the case of batteries, this is deadly. Once in the body, "silent killer" in the literal sensewords will burn the stomach and intestines.

Special waste cannot be thrown away and destroyed in the general pile of garbage, because they cause great harm to the environment and human health for many reasons.

In addition to household and special waste, there is alsoindustrial waste, fortunately, there are no such large enterprises in our village, but they are in the neighborhood and it will not be superfluous to know what kind of waste remains at such enterprises and what it threatens to nature and you and I.

radioactive waste;

mercury and its compounds are waste products of the chemical industry;

arsenic and its compounds contained in waste from metallurgical industries and thermal power plants;

lead compounds, etc.

As a result of research, it was found that the composition of our garbage is a complex complex of various chemical compounds..

2.2. Pollution of the village of Demyanovo.

Residents of the village suffer from emissions of combustion products in the form of ash and soot from the local boiler house No. 3 (it is located within the boundaries of the village). Since the boiler house was built and put into operation in December 2013, operating on the local type of fuel (chips and sawdust), literally, they cannot breathe deeply. The entire territory of the village is covered with a layer of ash and soot. Black soot settles on window sills, windows of houses, cars, playgrounds and benches. Children cannot play outside in winter because the snow is black everywhere and they can put it in their mouths. Airing the premises has become almost impossible - instead of fresh air, the rooms are filled with the smell of smoke, soot and soot. Combustion products in the form of ash and soot accompany the inhabitants of the village at every turn. From the street, black soot is transferred to the entrances, then to the apartments of the residents. And you can forget about drying clothes on the balcony and on the street. Many people say that they constantly stuff their nose and it is difficult to breathe. The fact is that when we inhale dangerous substances, irritation of the mucous membranes of the nose and throat occurs. All this can lead to chronic rhinitis (inflammation of the nasal mucosa) and pharyngitis (inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa), bronchitis and even bronchial asthma. As for people with heart disease, toxic substances can cause cardiospasms. One or two emissions may not affect health in any way, but if they occur regularly, they can even contribute to the development of cancer. Eyes constantly water and hurt in winter (pain, pain, irritation and inflammation of the eyes) when ash, soot and unburned fuel particles get into the eyes. As evidenced by repeated calls to the ambulance. When using the boiler house of local fuels, the requirements for the protection of atmospheric air and the technological process are not observed. An obligatory element of any modern boiler house is ash collectors, which must clean the smoke coming from the installation by at least 90%. But for some reason, during the installation of the boiler room, the ash collectors were not installed

Passing through the village, each of us meets smoking garbage containers. And in spring and autumn during the period of cleaning campaigns. The picture is even more depressing - the village is immersed in stinking smoke screens, for example, when autumn leaves are burned. It is a pity that this most serious threat is not recognized by our population.

In the fire and smoke of such bonfires at a high flame temperature, various chemicals interact with each other, new ones are formed, many of which are dangerous to humans. With smoke, these substances are easily transported over long distances.
Often we pass by burning garbage with an indifferent look and think that this does not concern us. However, through windows and even air conditioners, toxic substances enter the house, settle on food, clothes and skin. Some of them, for example, dioxin, are dissolved by sebum and penetrate into the blood through the skin. Finally, they enter our body through the lungs. The toxic ash left after burning garbage is carried by the wind, washed into groundwater, and then this poisonous solution goes into aquifers.

Considering the ecological state of the village of Demyanovo, it can be noted that the level of pollution with household waste is very high. Firstly, this is due to the fact that the garbage truck walks the streets very rarely, there are not enough garbage containers.

There are no public toilets in our village. This leads to violation of sanitary and epidemiological standards and pollution.

The solution to any problem must start small - the cleanliness of the village (and the planet as a whole) begins with you.

Research results.

3.1. Definitions of the approximate composition of waste.

To determine the approximate composition of the garbage that is collected in our homes, I carried outa study to determine the amount of garbage thrown out by one family (ours).

Objective : to find out what is the composition of the garbage waste of one average family, waste disposal. An assessment was made of the amount and composition of garbage thrown out by a family of four per week, month, year. Garbage was sorted and then carefully weighed. The result of the research is shown in the table.

The total weight of the waste per week is 5800 g. 2. On average per month - 23200 g. 3. On the average per year - 278400 g.

Conclusion: We see that the trash can contains the most food waste. There is a lot of paper in the trash: old newspapers, student notebooks, magazines, wallpapers, etc. All this garbage is taken out at best to a landfill, at worst - incinerated.

3.2. Sociological research

"Ecological problems of our village"

Students of the 4th "A" class were interviewed.

Questionnaire

1. Do you know the meaning of the word ecology?

a) yes b) no

2. Does our village have environmental problems?

a) yes b) no

3. What are adults doing wrong?

a) your answer

4. Is it customary in your family to clean up after yourself a place for outdoor recreation?

a) yes b) no

5. How to improve the ecological situation in the village?

a) your answer

The analysis of the questionnaire showed:

Yes (in %)

No in %)

"Litter" - 75%, "everyone does the right thing" - 25%

100

"remove garbage" - 100%

Parents of students of the 4th "A" class also participated in the survey. (16 people)

Questionnaire

1. How would you assess the ecological situation in our village, area?

1) The ecological situation is favorable. There are no environmental problems;

2) There are separate environmental problems;84%

3) The ecological situation is close to catastrophic;16%

4) I find it difficult to answer.

2. In your opinion, what is the greatest environmental hazard for the environment in our district, village today?

1) Household waste;60%

2) Transport; 6%

3) Industrial waste;42%

4) Deforestation and parks;60%

5) Industrial enterprises;36%

6) None of this is dangerous;

8) Other (specify);

9) I find it difficult to answer.

3. In your opinion, how has the ecological situation changed over the past year or two in our settlement, area?

1) Environmental problems have become much less;6%

2) Some environmental issues have been resolved, some remain unresolved;30%

3) Environmental problems have become much larger;58%

4) I find it difficult to answer.6%

4. How, in your opinion, will the ecological situation in our settlement change in the next 2-3 years: will it improve or worsen?

1) There will be a significant improvement in the situation;

2) In some ways the situation will improve, in some ways it will worsen;18%

3) There will be a significant deterioration in the situation;24%

4) The situation as a whole will not change;48%

5) I find it difficult to answer.6%

5. In your opinion, on whom, first of all, does the improvement of the ecological situation in our settlement depend? (any number of answers)

1) Federal government, the government as a whole;6%

2) the people themselves; 78%

3) Local authority (district);60%

4) Regional authorities (governor, head of the regional administration);42%

5) Enterprises; 66%

6) Public organizations, including environmental ones;18%

7) I find it difficult to answer.

6. Which of the following environmental hazards seems to you the most real for our village:

1) man-made disasters at the enterprises of our village;

2) deteriorating air quality;24%

3) deterioration in the quality of drinking water;66%

4) deterioration of the state of forests, parks;30%

5) the emergence of new landfills / an increase in the amount of garbage in yards / adjacent territories.54%

8. Let's imagine that your city will implement a special program for the disposal of household waste. Which of the following would you agree to do (+), and that, on the contrary, you would not do (-)

1) carry out separate collection of household waste78%

2) return used plastic bottles from drinks to stores for a small compensation54%

3) hand over old household appliances to special collection points for further disposal78%

4) collect and hand over waste paper to specialized collection points48%

5) collect and hand over used batteries to specialized collection points66%

Questionnaire analysis showed that the ecological situation in the village has some problems and over the past few years there have been much more problems. And also the fact that the population of the village believes that the situation will not change in the direction of improvement in the near future. Household waste and deforestation represent the greatest ecological hazard to the environment, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of air, drinking water, and an increase in the number of new waste dumps. In addition, the population believes that the people themselves will be able to improve the ecological situation with the help of local authorities, participating in a special program for the disposal of household waste.

3.3. Assessment of soil toxicity in the area.

The soil cover performs the functions of a biological absorber, destroyer and neutralizer of various contaminants, as well as the most important role in the life of society, as it is a food source that provides 95-97% of food resources for the world's population. Various compounds of natural and anthropogenic origin accumulate in the soil, causing its pollution and toxicity. These concepts should be distinguished. Pollution is the introduction into any environment or the occurrence in it of new, usually uncharacteristic for it physical, chemical, biotic agents, or the excess of the natural long-term average level (within its extreme fluctuations) of the concentration of these agents in the environment at the considered time. Toxicity - poisonousness, the ability of certain chemicals to have a harmful effect on organisms, affecting them. Based on the definitions, soil can be highly polluted but not toxic or slightly polluted but highly toxic. The degree of soil toxicity can be determined using biotesting.

Biotesting is one of the methods of research in the field of toxicology, used to determine the degree of toxicity of the action of chemical, physical and biologically unfavorable environmental factors that are potentially dangerous for the living components of the ecosystem. Biotesting does not cancel the system of analytical and instrumental methods for monitoring the natural environment, but only supplements it with qualitatively new biological indicators, since from an ecological point of view, the results of determining the concentration of toxins in themselves are of relative value. It is important to know not the levels of pollution, but the biological effects they cause.

Based on the principles and many years of laboratory experiments, scientists propose to assess the toxicity of the plant oats (Avenasatival). It refers to higher plants, eukaryotes, autotrophs, producers. Avena is a polymorphic genus. Oats, along with watercress, are among the most commonly used for biotesting by an organism with a well-studied biology and ecology.

Soil sampling was carried out at the following points:

1st sample - the end of Yubileynaya street;

2nd sample - a landfill for household waste near the village. Sopovskaya;

3rd sample - personal plot.

Biotest results :

№1 st. Anniversary

Landfill near the village of Sopovskaya

personal plot

Thus , it can be seen that soil toxicity varies in different zones. The most toxic soil is at points 1 and 2 due to the high road traffic, exhaust gases, the proximity of boiler house No. 3, and the location of household waste at the landfill (landfill).

Less toxic soil at point 3.

Findings.

What to do? Is there any hope for victory in the "fight" with garbage?

The collection of secondary raw materials has already been established in the world. In most developed countries, separate containers are used for different types of garbage: food waste, glass, paper, hazardous substances, etc. This saves a lot of money when processing them. Food waste, for example, is much easier to process, with less energy and cost, while non-food waste requires deeper processing. In addition, certain types of garbage (paper, glass, metal) can not be destroyed, but processed into useful things. Garbage can and should be given a “second life”. A few decades ago, schoolchildren collected waste paper and scrap metal, all this gave a second life to garbage. This saves forests and other natural resources. Why not resume this work, which is necessary for all of us, now?

The conclusion is obvious. It is necessary to change the way of life of a person, his attitude to a serious problem.

Cleanliness begins with ourselves, with our relationship to the environment, from the place where we live, work, study. Vladimir Soloukhin wrote in his story “The Sentence”: “I am convinced that if you see a beautiful tree, a beautiful street, a beautiful house, a beautiful landscape, even if it is a city, in the morning from your window, you will feel better and live longer. ".

To reduce the amount of waste, it is necessary to refuse unnecessary consumption. Instead of disposable items, use more durable items, repair old but usable items, and donate those items that you do not use to those in need.

 It is imperative to recycle metal and paper, this will also help save energy, which is spent much less during recycling.

 Food and garden waste is an excellent composting material that can be used in the garden and for houseplants.

 Try not to buy extra junk. If you carry an extra bag with you, you will not use plastic bags. 5-6 plastic bags a week not thrown in the trash means 55 liters of oil not wasted per year, which reduces carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions by 150 kg per year. When buying a product, choose a product in reusable or recyclable packaging.

 You should not buy things containing pesticides, but try to find a replacement for them. When shopping, do not throw away plastic bags, reuse them, and you will also reduce the pollution of nature. Pay attention to product labeling. Now there are signs that say the product is dangerous for the environment, try to avoid buying such products.

The most uncertain status is that of the procedure for collecting, storing and transporting batteries. The fact is that with the content of a huge number of harmful toxic substances, federal legislation (both laws and by-laws) does not contain an accurate definition of the status of batteries and the procedure for their disposal.

How to deal with waste?

1. Timely removal of garbage to a place where it will cause the least damage to people and nature, to a specially equipped landfill.

2. Pass a law prohibiting the burning of garbage, and fine violators.

3. Construction of a waste processing plant.

4. Education of the ecological culture of the population, starting from kindergarten.

5. Adoption of laws on penalties for individuals and legal entities.

6. Permanent removal of garbage from the territories of yards or specially equipped sites.

7. Weekly ecological subbotniks of residents in the yards of their houses.

8. Propaganda of ecological knowledge among the population.

9. Construction of new containers with lids.

10. Supply containers specifically for plastic containers, glass, metal and plastic bags.

11. Place additional urns in places where mass festivities of the population take place (parks, squares).

12. In the evening, carry out police raids in places where discos and festivities take place.

13. Garbage not only needs to be recycled, but also less produced (packaging).

14. Increase the staff of janitors.

15. Organize ecological raids for garbage collection around each microdistrict by the efforts of its residents.

Conclusion.

Having studied the theoretical material on the topic “Household garbage”, after conducting my research, I came to the conclusion: the problem of garbage needs to be solved now and we must start, first of all, from ourselves, from our apartment, school, yard. Let from small, but specific cases. For myself, I made a memo “What can one do?”

REMINDER

systematically clean the area around the school, at home;

do not throw garbage anywhere;

do not leave garbage in the forest, near a reservoir, at a place of rest;

collect and donate waste paper (while conserving natural resources);

hand over glass containers, scrap metal;

use notebooks, paper (for example, the reverse side) sparingly;

be careful with textbooks, books;

take care of things so that they serve us longer;

give things you don't wear to those in need;

when cooking, try not to turn healthy products into waste;

give things a second life

If each of us follows these rules, I think that the world around us will become a little cleaner. I want to finish my work with a poem by Elena Smirnova

Let's decorate the Earth together
Plant gardens, plant flowers everywhere.
Let's respect the Earth together
And treat with tenderness, like a miracle!

We forget that we have only one
Unique, vulnerable, alive.
Beautiful: even summer, even winter ...
We have one, one of a kind!

The work turned out to be interesting and useful for me.

The influence of climatic and meteorological factors on the functioning of the organism of students of early youth in the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
Homeless dogs in the urban environment in Yekaterinburg or the cities of the region and a danger to human health.
Dust collector trees, their importance in improving the environment in the city of Yekaterinburg or the cities of the region.
The study of environmental factors in conditions of inclined microzoning of agrolandscapes on the example of the Uktus Mountains.
Analysis of water quality and the state of water intake facilities in Yekaterinburg or the cities of the Sverdlovsk region (case study).
Monitoring of drinking water sources of non-centralized water supply in the city of Yekaterinburg or the cities of the region.
The study of the phytoncidal properties of green plants in the city of Yekaterinburg or cities in the region
Census of wintering birds: ecological aspect (Participation in the program of winter bird censuses "Eurasian Christmas census").
Methods for studying the ecological state of the Iset or Patrushikha river, lake. Shartash, other reservoirs of the region and their use in the assessment of anthropogenic impact (a specific reservoir).
Comparison of the cleansing capacity of the river ecosystem of the Iset, Patrushikha or other rivers of the region (case study).
Medicinal dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Wigg) as an indicator of environmental pollution in the city of Yekaterinburg or the cities of the region.
Perception of the visual environment and its influence on the well-being of a person (on a specific example).
Natural-historical-cultural monument of nature "Stone tents" or other natural monuments of the Sverdlovsk region (a specific example).
Comparative characteristics of the vegetation of landscape natural monuments "Shartash forest park" and "Uktus forest park" or other forest parks of the city (specific examples).
Assessment of the state of the air environment in the districts of Yekaterinburg or other cities of the region by the method of lichen indication (specific area).
Influence of anthropogenic impact on the growth and fruiting of Scots pine trees in Kharitonovsky Park or other parks of the city and region (specific park).
The role of propaganda in increasing motivation to protect the environment on the example of the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College and its impact on human health.
Environmental studies of changes in the physical development of first-year students of the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
Household waste and problems of their disposal in the districts of Yekaterinburg or the cities of the region (a specific example).
Assessment of the state of green spaces in the districts of Yekaterinburg or cities of the region and the impact on human health (a case study).
Fauna of diurnal Lepidoptera in the districts of Yekaterinburg or the cities of the region.
Study of the demographic situation in the city of Yekaterinburg or the cities of the region (a specific example).
Assessment of the recreational capacity of a forest park or a protected area of the Sverdlovsk region (specific area).
How to survive a monument in the city of Yekaterinburg or the cities of the region (a specific example).
Videoecology of the valley of the Iset or Patrushikha rivers and other rivers of the region.
The dynamics of the avifauna of some forest areas in the Sverdlovsk region (a specific area) and the impact of anthropogenic pressure.
Practical aspects of interaction between people and birds in the city of Yekaterinburg or the cities of the region.
Factors affecting the performance and fatigue in the educational process in the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
Radiation monitoring of Yekaterinburg or cities of the region.
The impact of environmental environmental factors on the health of students of the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
The problem of modernity "Tuberculosis - the border between life and death."
Comparative characteristics of the ecological situation in the area of buildings 1 and 2 of the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
Influence of the urban environment on the state of plants (on the example of studying the growth and development of lilac shoots).
Species composition and abundance of waterfowl and near-water birds during the autumn migration period at the mouth of the Patrushikha River.
Species composition and abundance of waterfowl and near-water birds during the autumn migration period in the pond of the Kharitonovsky park.
Noise pollution in the 2nd building of the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
Proper housekeeping (case study).
Comparative analysis of biological methods for assessing air quality using lichen.
Study of Red Book and rare phytocenotic objects of a forest park or a protected area of the Sverdlovsk region (a specific example).
Some features of physical development and hemodynamic function of the heart in 1st and 2nd year students of the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
The study of the home diet of students of the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College in order to identify genetically modified ingredients in it.
The study of the home diet of students of the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College in order to identify harmful food additives.
Monitoring of the ecological state of the ecological systems of the city of Yekaterinburg or the cities of the region (specific examples).
Study of rare and protected plants in the city of Yekaterinburg or cities in the region.
The daily intake of nutrients by students of the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
The diet of students of SBEI SPO "Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College"
Assessment of the ecological state of the air environment on the territory of the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
Video-environmental rationale for the discomfort of the interface of modern operating systems.
Comparative analysis of indoor plants in classrooms - No. 216, 316 as a factor in improving the indoor microclimate.
The study of the ecological state of the Kharitonovsky Park or the Park of Culture and Recreation named after. Mayakovsky.
Ecological characteristics of the water system of the forest park Shartash (case study) and impact on health.
Ecological characteristics of the reservoirs of the Sverdlovsk region and the impact on health (case study).
Aging of the population of the Sverdlovsk region as an environmental problem.
Dynamics of the ecological state of the Park of Culture and Leisure named after Mayakovsky.
The use of microfertilizers as an effective way to dispose of household waste (on a specific site).
Forecasting the level of pollution of surface waters in the Sverdlovsk region.
Using the bioindication method to assess the state of atmospheric air in areas of the city of Yekaterinburg.
Analysis of drinking water in Yekaterinburg and the impact on health.
Ecological passport of the forest park of Yekaterinburg or the cities of the region (a specific example).
Dependence of the incidence of ARVI and influenza in schoolchildren on the content of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in the diet.
Biotechnical measures for the conservation of plant species listed in the Red Book in the territory of a forest park or nature reserve in Yekaterinburg or cities in the region (a specific example).
Assessment of the state of the ecosystem of Lake Shartash or rivers and lakes of cities and towns in the region.
The secret of the water we drink.
Influence of different types of tillage on its agronomic properties.
The study of the ecological state of the river Iset, Patrushikha or rivers and lakes of the region.
Violation of human eating behavior under the influence of socio-psychological factors.
Socio-psychological factors of the environment and their impact on the health of students in the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
Determination of the coefficient of aggressiveness of the surrounding video environment in Yekaterinburg or cities in the region.
Determination of the ecological characteristics of the meadows of the Sverdlovsk region by vegetation cover (specific examples).
Influence of the anthropogenic factor on the ecosystem of the meadow in the Sverdlovsk region.
Aircraft noise impact assessment in the area adjacent to Koltsovo Airport.
The problem of beer alcoholism among students of Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
Mobile phone: "for" and "against" (on the example of students of Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College).
Determination of noise pollution on the territory of Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
Food additives pros and cons.
Category E food additives on human health.
Assessment of the intensity of the traffic flow and its impact on the state of atmospheric air in the area of the reinforced concrete plant or other areas of the city and region.
Dynamics of the number and biomass of the earthworm (Limbricus terrestris) in natural and anthropogenic ecosystems (on the example of the suburban area of the city of Yekaterinburg or the cities of the region).
Determination of nitrates in agricultural products.
Dependence of the species and quantitative composition of birds on the degree of recreational load of natural forest parks and parks of the city of Yekaterinburg in winter.
Studying the impact of the highway on environmental safety on the example of the concrete goods district or other districts of the city and region.
"The green dress of my street."
The impact of railway transport on human health (on specific examples).
Study of the illumination of the classrooms of the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
Ecological potential of the method of photographing wildlife in the districts of the city of Yekaterinburg and the cities of the region.
Ecological potential of the method of drawings of wildlife objects of the districts of the city of Yekaterinburg and cities of the region.
Conduct a comparative analysis of parks or forest parks in the districts of the city of Yekaterinburg and cities in the region by photographing wildlife.
Landscaping of the territory of the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
Ecology of homeless animals in the districts of the city of Yekaterinburg and the cities of the region.
The study of the ecological state of the springs of the city of Yekaterinburg and the cities of the region and the territory adjacent to them (on a specific example).
Arrangement of springs and the territory adjacent to them in the vicinity of the city of Yekaterinburg and the cities of the region (on a specific example).
Monitoring the quality of tap water in the city of Yekaterinburg.
Influence of the degree of environmental pollution on the physiological parameters of some tree species in the city of Yekaterinburg and the cities of the region.
Nitrates in vegetable products (on specific examples).
Features of the perception of environmental risks in the context of the economic crisis.
Studying the problem of urban environment pollution with household waste (on the example of the city of Yekaterinburg and the cities of the region).
Dependence of bronchial asthma attacks on industrial air pollution in the city of Yekaterinburg and the cities of the region.
My view on the problem of homeless animals in the city of Yekaterinburg or the cities of the region and ways to solve it.
Assessment of the state of the visual environment of the city of Yekaterinburg and the cities of the region.
Influence of the conditions of urbanized Yekaterinburg on the state of the cardiovascular system of students.
Mental performance and physiological adaptation of students to the system of vocational training in Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
Vitamin C in the diet of the indigenous and visiting population of Yekaterinburg.
Study of the effect of road transport emissions on the linear growth of pine in the city of Yekaterinburg or the cities of the region.
Study of the ecological environment of a dwelling (on a specific example).
Influence of external factors on seed germination (on the example of flower seeds).
Influence of computer addiction on the progress of students in Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College.
Study of the influence of the visual environment on human health in the city of Yekaterinburg or the cities of the region.
Studying the attitude to smoking of college students and the harmful effects of tobacco products on living organisms (at the Sverdlovsk Regional Medical College).
Evaluation of the resistance of trees and shrubs in green spaces in residential areas of the city of Yekaterinburg or cities in the region.
Linden as a bioindicator of environmental pollution in Yekaterinburg and the cities of the region.

Approximate topics of environmental projects. Study of the impact of phytoncides on pests of cultivated plants (agroecology). Study of spatio-temporal heterogeneity of zooplankton distribution in Lake Maloye (hydroecology). Immunotoxic effect of decomposition products of chemical compounds in the surface waters of the Leonidovka region (chemical ecology). Study of the influence of anthropogenic load on the species composition of bioindicators of the floodplain meadow of the Yaya River (plant ecology). Ecological problems and public reaction to them in conditions of social and economic crisis (social ecology).

Slide 6 from the presentation "Environmental projects" to the lessons of ecology on the topic "Education"

Dimensions: 720 x 540 pixels, format: jpg. To download a free slide for use in an ecology lesson, right-click on the image and click "Save Image As...". You can download the entire presentation "Ecological project.ppt" in a 50 KB zip archive.

Download presentation

Education

"Theory of ecology" - Soft Science Immature science Image: lawn. Department of General Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University. Introduction to general ecology. Competition. marsupial lion. Ecology: Introductory lecture. Synedra ulna. population density. (2) Z is a power (allometric) function of body mass W. ? =?? =e-?. M. 2005, p. 6).

"Using Indicators" - SOE Indicators. 1. Use of indicators in state reports on the state of the environment in Turkmenistan.

"Projects on ecology" - Award of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia "The best environmental project of the year". Exhibition "Russia reserved". Official reception of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia. Projects 2009. Ecology and Peace Foundation. Cooperation. "Russia reserved". "The best environmental project of the year - 2009". "Green Arrow". This is the first time such an event has been held in Russia.

"Environmental Conference" - The ratio of organizations - winners. By organization: 2 sites for opening and closing 8 sections 4 leisure sites Animation program. By sections: Analysis of the distribution of topics. 2nd place. Conference. 43 general education. const. 8 educational institutions of the Moscow region 7 UDO 5 educational associations 149 teachers 19 - guests of the event.

"Pollution of the Chelyabinsk atmosphere" - The area of the EURT in the Chelyabinsk region is about 23 thousand square meters. km. River Ai. Areas of pollution (11-13 thousand sq. km) around Chelyabinsk and Magnitogorsk are especially extensive. Sak-Elga river. Nuclear pollution. Miass tool factory. Completed by: student 11 "A" class MOU "gymnasium No. 19" Kunkel Julia. Water pollution.

"Textbooks on ecology" - Applied ecology. Yu.V. Trofimenko. - M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2006. - 400 p., p. col. ill. Ecology: Transport facility and environment. Ecology of populations and communities. For university students. Ecology. Can be used by specialists conducting ecological research.

Environmental education and upbringing is an extremely urgent problem of our time. After all, a careless and even cruel attitude to nature always begins with a lack of environmental education and upbringing. The cognitive, research and creative projects presented in this section are designed to fill these gaps, teach them to love and understand nature, and form the foundations of an ecological culture in children.

The topics of the projects are diverse: from studying the brightest representatives of flora and fauna to growing plants on their own and systematically monitoring their growth. We educate in children good feelings, curiosity, aesthetic perception associated with the beauty of nature; the ability to realize their impressions in work activities.

Environmental projects - an integrated approach to the education of environmentally cultured people.

Contained in sections:
Includes sections:

Showing posts 1-10 of 2692 .
All sections | Ecology projects

feeder "Fairytale house" Solovieva Varvara pupils of the preparatory group "Berry". 6 years. MKDOU Kindergarten No. 42 IGOSK village of Moskovskoye Manufactured: wooden bobbin, natural twine (environmentally friendly material) Registration: walnut shell, chestnuts, acorns,...

Project on ecological education of children of senior preschool age "Nature is our home" Environmental education of children of senior preschool age topic: "Nature is our home"(using a multifunctional didactic manual "The Magic Circles of Lull") Relevance project : Love nature, treat it carefully, with kindness...

Ecological projects - Ecological project "Primroses of the Caucasus"

Publication "Ecological project" Primroses ... "
Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution No. 62 "Kindergarten "Rainbow" Environmental project "Primroses of the Caucasus" Developed and conducted by: educator of the middle group No. 8 Buzanova S.V. Project type: cognitive - research, group Project participants: children ...

MAAM Pictures Library

Relevance of the project The child is the discoverer of everything that surrounds him. He can learn everything firmly and for a long time if he is told, shown, and if he tries to do it himself. Children of primary preschool age do not have enough ideas about plants, about ...

Ecological project "Garden on the window" for children of senior preschool age The project of ecological education of children of the senior group Theme of the project: "Garden on the window" Type of project: Short-term Type of project: Cognitive, research. Age: senior group Authors of the project: educators and children of the group Implementation period: February-April Project problem: ...

Ecological project "Trees are our true friends" Project motto. Brighter, brighter the sun shines from the sky for us. Higher, higher the tree above the ground to grow. Let the twigs hear the children's voice Let the sprout trees grow with love. Project passport 1. Topic: “Trees are our true friends” 2. Project type: design and research. 3....

Ecological projects - Ecological project "Trees are our friends"

Ecological project - "Trees are our friends" In the middle group No. 7 Educators: Kudryavtseva I.N. 2018-2019 Relevance. "Tree, grass, flower and bird They will not always be able to defend themselves If they are destroyed, We will be left alone on the planet" D. Radovich Preschool childhood is an important...