Primary school teacher: where to get an education, learning features and reviews. Future teachers will take an exam on the ability to work with children KXan 36 Daily News

First of all, this is a very responsible job that requires a lot of attention and patience. It is in elementary school that we receive the knowledge that will be fundamental, therefore, they say that a teacher in an elementary school is a “second mother”.

How to become a primary school teacher?

In order to follow a few simple steps:

Contact the admission committee of the institute;
Write an application for admission;
Submit documents (Document of education, copy of passport, 4 photos 3 * 4, results of the Unified State Examination (if you enter on the basis of a certificate of grade 11). For more details, everything can be clarified at the selection committee;
Sign a package of documents (Contract, statement, etc.);
Start learning!

Admission after grade 11 to a primary school teacher

If you have a certificate of completion of secondary general education and the results of the Unified State Examination, then you will easily enter the primary school teacher.

What exams are needed for admission:

Russian language
Social science
Biology

Duration of study: 4 years 6 months

using remote technologies has a number of advantages:

Early financial independence. A student in the learning process can already work, and consequently earn money
Profitability. You save. No need to spend money to get to the institute, etc.
Saving time. You can study at any time convenient for you.

Post-college admission

If you are a college graduate with a vocational diploma, then a distance learning with application (DOT) elementary school teacher is what you need.

For admission, you will need to pass internal exams in a test form, which are appointed by the university itself, namely:

Russian language
Social science
Biology

If in college you studied on a program related to the education of children, etc., then the term of study will be 4 years smooth. If not, then the training period will be 4 years 6 months.

Tuition fee: 15,000 rubles per semester (six months)

Distance learning for primary school teachers after higher education

Those who already have a bachelor's degree can enroll as a primary school teacher for 3 years 6 months.

The cost per semester will be 15,000 rubles (six months)

Entry exams:

Russian language
Social science
Biology

Upon completion, you will receive a state-recognised bachelor's degree diploma.

A little bit about:

In Russia, teachers are trained at 167 universities. On average, about 100,000 future teachers graduate from them annually. At the same time, according to opinion polls, only 10 percent of graduates agree to work at the school. And is it any wonder if 80 percent of applicants admitted that they go to study not at all in order to later sow smart, kind, eternal, but for the sake of a diploma and a general humanitarian higher education, with which you can always get a job somewhere.

To change the situation, the Ministry of Education and Science has prepared a draft concept for supporting the development of teacher education, which will change the entire system of teacher training.

The great physicist Albert Einstein was also not very lucky with his teachers. A photo: ITAR-TASS

There are a lot of claims to graduates. They do not know how to work with a team, they are not ready to switch to new school standards, which became mandatory three years ago. And, surprisingly, they do not like children. Here is what Elena Ivanova, director of school N2 in the city of Skopina, Ryazan Region, says, for example: “The school lacks teachers for physics, mathematics, and the Russian language. As a result, graduates have no idea even about the methodology of the lesson. "

It happens that previously convicted people and teachers who were generally deprived of the right to teach for professional incompetence end up in a school. As it turned out, a teacher of Russian language and literature worked in one of the Moscow schools, who at one time was recognized as unsuitable in the Kaluga region. Getting a new job, she hid it. What this woman taught children is a big question.

How to rid the school of bad teachers? How to attract the best graduates of pedagogical universities to the education system? What selection should be made for applicants-future teachers?

Here is what is being proposed today: teachers who have received a good education, not lower than a master's, will be given increased salaries, and students and interns will be paid for all teaching practice and internships at school. It will be more difficult to get into Pedagogical Universities now. In pedagogical specialties, additional entrance exams will be introduced.

The target set will remain, but the requirements for applicants - future teachers will become much stricter. So, after studying at a teacher training university, whether you like it or not, you will have to return home for practice. Or pay a fine, as prescribed in the new Law "On Education in the Russian Federation." By the way, the person who issued the referral but did not hire the graduate will also pay the fine.

Universities will have universal and pedagogical bachelor's programs, master's programs will be developed for those who already have a higher education and would like to teach at school. Teacher training programs will open for students who want to become teachers.

Recall that Konstantin Dmitrievich Ushinsky did not receive a pedagogical education at all. He brilliantly graduated from the law faculty of Moscow State University. Anton Semenovich Makarenko after school first went to the railway school, and only then to the pedagogical courses.

There will be a master's program for teachers-methodologists and managers. Priority will be given to those already working in the field of education.

As part of the experiment, 25 best pedagogical universities will open their departments in schools. And it will be possible to improve the qualifications of teachers of pedagogical institutes even at the Academy of Sciences. In total, from 17 to 25 universities will join the program at the first stage. In 2016-2017, the experience will be extended to all universities.

Teacher, who is he?

According to a recent study by the Institute of Pedagogical Education of the Russian Academy of Education, the portrait of an average school teacher today looks something like this:

Woman aged 47;

Has a higher pedagogical education (almost 82 percent of them);

Receives less than 20 thousand rubles;

It rarely happens in the theater;

Not very confident with computers.

Competently

Which pedagogical universities should be closed? Who will pay for teaching internships for students? When will the additional exam for future teachers appear? Nadezhda Shaidenko, Deputy Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Education, tells about this to RG.

- If future teachers have to pass an additional entrance exam, how will it be held?

Nadezhda Shaidenko: It should be some sort of aptitude test. A teacher who cannot pronounce half the letters of the alphabet should not be allowed into the primary classes. Teachers who do not like children should not be allowed into school; there is no place for evil people. At one time, I was the rector of the Pedagogical University for many years, and when parents asked how to choose a good teacher for a first-grader, I advised: “Come to school during the lesson and listen outside the door how the teacher communicates with the class. If he screams, stomps his feet, kicks someone, you need to run away from such a teacher. School is not a place for people with weak nerves. All this can be checked with the help of psychological tests.

Based on the results of the first monitoring, 71 percent of the pedagogical universities were found to be ineffective. Why do we need such pedagogical institutes?

Nadezhda Shaidenko: Each case of the closure of pedagogical universities must be considered separately. In Tula, for example, there are only two state universities left - classical and pedagogical universities. And there are many such cities. Many pedagogical universities at one time "hid" behind the signs "humanitarian institute" or "social academy", but continue to train teaching staff. In monitoring, they are not considered pedagogical, but in fact they are. And if earlier we were talking about pedagogical universities, now we are talking about pedagogical education, which can really be obtained at different universities.

- In the concept, it will be divided into applied and universal baccalaureate. What it is?

Nadezhda Shaidenko: Applied pedagogical bachelor's degree will be opened in colleges, pedagogical institutes and graduate, for example, primary school teachers. And the universal baccalaureate will open for subject teachers and will become a higher level of teacher qualification. Not always a bachelor's degree is designed for four years. There is also a five-year, for example, for faculties with dual specialties: physics-mathematics, biology-chemistry.

The next level is the pedagogical magistracy, and the concept separately stipulates that graduates of the magistracy will receive a higher salary. Such education will be required if a teacher, for example, is preparing to work in inclusive schools or classes. What will be the increase, how it will be calculated, all this still needs to be discussed and discussed. If a teacher goes to study for a master's degree, the workload at school will be reduced, and the rate will remain the same.

- The concept says that universities will be able to open departments in schools. How do you imagine that?

Nadezhda Shaidenko: It should be borne in mind that universities and schools are funded from different sources. School - from the municipal budget, and universities - from the federal. So all the details of network interaction should be worked out in detail and prescribed by law. Intergovernmental funding is a very complex issue.

- Who will pay for the practice and internship of students at the school?

Nadezhda Shaidenko: There is nothing new here. The practice was always paid from the pocket of the university and was calculated by the hours that the student or trainee spent at the school. By the way, the concept involves different types of internships. Including - a three-year support of young teachers by more experienced mentors.

- What faculties of pedagogical universities are most in demand among applicants?

Nadezhda Shaidenko: Faculty of Informatics. Good for biology and chemistry. Traditionally, a lot comes to the historical, philological faculties. They choose the Faculty of Physics less often, because they know physics worse and do not pass the Unified State Examination in physics. Although teachers in this subject are sorely lacking.

The concept says that students will be able to choose individual trajectories - this is a truly valuable and innovative thing. Everyone will have the opportunity to change their training programs and change their future profession already at the stage of study. For those who suddenly realized that they want to be a teacher, and not an engineer or a doctor, there will be an opportunity to get a pedagogical education.
Meanwhile, in Russia, for the first time, a teacher standard has been developed. What does the "standard" look like? According to its authors, now all school teachers should be universal specialists: master the latest teaching methods, know psychology, understand medicine, master correctional pedagogy, computer technology and project activities, and much more.

On the one hand, everyone agrees that it is necessary to work at the maximum level. But it is difficult to demand from people what no one has ever taught them. Or once they taught a little at the university, but then they never used this knowledge in their life.

Evgeny Yamburg, chairman of the working group for the preparation of the draft pedagogical standard, director of the Moscow Education Center N 109:

In fact, the standard should make the teacher free, free him from the huge paper work, preparing reports, checks and give him the opportunity to do his own thing - teaching schoolchildren. The main risk for the implementation of the standard is the active use of administrative resources and an attempt to hold a "five-year plan in two years."

Officials on the ground demand to implement something that has not yet been approved and not even fully developed. There are regions where, under the slogan: “We are for inclusive education, it is also spelled out in the professional standard,” they close correctional schools for children with mental problems, and students with special needs are transferred to ordinary educational institutions. In fact, everyone suffers from this: teachers who quickly completed monthly refresher courses are simply not able to ensure the normal work of a team that has such different students.

Isak Frumin, Research Supervisor, Institute of Education, Higher School of Economics:

The professional standard will allow taking into account the quality of the teacher's work when calculating his salary. Now all over the country teachers are being raised salaries - this is the implementation of the decision of the country's authorities. But this happens primarily due to an increase in load. The ideology of "hourly work" is preserved, when the main thing is to spend as many lessons as possible. The standard will allow linking wages with qualifications, which will be revealed during the certification of the quality of work in accordance with the professional standard. But this transition must be done very carefully. It is possible to introduce attestation of teachers only simultaneously with the introduction of professional standards in school life.

Marat Alimov, Russian language teacher at Moscow School N 143, "Teacher of the Year" in Moscow in 2006:

This standard is more focused on the state order, which we turn to pedagogical universities, we say: this is the kind of teacher we need. But the problem is that the average age of a teacher in a school is becoming obsolete. The question arises: will this little romantic dream hang? Can it be put into practice?
To school, like in space

In Germany, future teachers choose two subjects at the university that they want to make the basis of their education. Each student is required to take a course in Educational Science, which includes psychology, sociology, didactics and practice. You can become a teacher only after two state examinations, which are held in specially created examination departments. They take exams for future teachers, doctors and lawyers.

For admission to the first exam, you must complete a master's degree, which is about five years. The first exam tests the theoretical knowledge of the two main subjects and the course "Science of Education". Then the future teacher must complete a two-year practical training course at a primary or secondary educational institution. The students actually work in the schools and receive the official state salary of "teacher in preparatory service". After practice, they must pass the second state exam. Usually - in the form of a colloquium.

The second state exam is more important. It gives the opportunity to become a teacher, and the vast majority of German teachers receive the status of a state official. Which means a lifetime job, the impossibility of being fired, paying for medical insurance, vacations, high salaries and state pensions.

True, in recent years, in some lands, young teachers in the status of a civil servant have begun to be admitted to schools - with a lower salary and without protection from dismissal. However, when applying for a job, they are subject to the same requirements as teachers in the status of a state official.

The rigorous training of teachers is paying off: more than 90 percent of children study in public schools. There is a good free education, which is trusted by both parents and children.

All specialties of the world depend on a person who decided to devote his life to working with children and chose the profession of a teacher, because everyone - a simple worker, a doctor, a movie star, and a politician began their education from school.

The most vivid memories are always associated with the first teacher, so primary school teachers must have not only the appropriate education, but high moral character, love for children.

In order to work as a primary school teacher, you must obtain a diploma confirming the receipt of higher or secondary specialized pedagogical education in this specialty, you can also take training in a related or similar field. However, preference is still on the side of specialists with higher education, which is due to the specifics of this profession. After all, a primary school teacher is a teacher and a psychologist, an educator and a music director, a mathematician and a philologist, and also a "school mother" in one person.

You can get pedagogical education on the basis of 9 or 11 classes, which will take 3 and 4 years of study, respectively. Higher education of the first level is a bachelor's degree (4 years), and the second - a master's degree (2 years). There is also a third level, whose graduates teach at higher educational institutions.
How to become a teacher without a pedagogical education

Recently, an increasing number of young people have expressed a desire to master the profession of a teacher and, according to the classical method, boys and girls apply to teacher training colleges, universities and teacher training colleges, the latter allows teaching in various subjects in the senior classes of secondary schools.

However, guided by changes in the school education system, which have been in effect since September 1, 2010, people without specialized education can be hired at school. A doctor, lawyer, economist can be engaged in training, teaching a subject as close as possible to the specifics of their work. To get the proper qualification, it is necessary to pass exams in one of the domestic pedagogical universities.
How to become a primary school teacher without a pedagogical education

The same applies to primary school teachers. After all, a teacher is not so much a specialty as a way of life, the call of the heart and soul. Often even the highest education does not help if a person does not like children, does not have endurance and self-control, and cannot cope with his own emotions. Therefore, a naturally talented teacher can work without special education, passing exams and confirming his qualifications at the appropriate university.
How to become an English teacher at school

In order to teach English to children, it is necessary to acquire knowledge that is not only taught in a foreign language, but also introduced to the methodology of teaching it at school. School methods are mastered at the Pedagogical University at the Faculty of Foreign Languages, as well as at the university, choosing the specialization of an English teacher.

A school English teacher is in high demand, we can say that this is one of the most important professions of our time. After all, knowledge of English today is not just a tribute to fashion, but a necessity. Moreover, for the teacher himself, especially the young one, work at school is an excellent experience in improving pedagogical and professional skills.
How to become a history and geography teacher at school

The profession of a school geographer and historian is one of those specialties, love for which begins even when future teachers themselves go to school. Usually these are people who are in love with their land, the whole vast world and are able to sincerely rejoice in all its amazing manifestations like a child, passing on knowledge and emotions to their students.

You can get the profession of a school teacher of geography or history by enrolling in the geographical or historical-geographical faculty of a pedagogical institute or university. The training time is usually 4 years.

But you can also get a secondary pedagogical education, after which you can start working as a primary school teacher, while simultaneously studying at the correspondence department of a higher educational institution.
How to become a physical education teacher

It is hardly worth reminding once again about the importance of physical education of students. Schools are in demand for professional teachers who are able to instill in children a love for sports and convey the extreme importance of a healthy lifestyle, especially in today's environment.

You can get this profession in the technical school of physical culture only in full-time education. Graduates of the 9th grade usually study for 3 years and 10 months, and with a certificate of complete secondary education, the period of study takes 2 years and 10 months.

Admission immediately after school to an institute or university in the department of physical culture and sports will give a diploma of higher education, which can also be obtained after studying at a technical school, choosing both full-time and part-time forms of study at a university.

Perhaps you will be interested.